Environment-friendly insulating cleaning agent

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of insulating cleaning agents, and provides an environment-friendly insulating cleaning agent which comprises an alkane hydrocarbon solvent, a nonionic surfactant, polysiloxane and an inorganic nano functional additive. Wherein the weight percentage of the alkane hydrocarbon solvent is at least 96%, and the alkane hydrocarbon solvent only comprises decane, undecane, dodecane and tridecane. According to the cleaning agent, the alkane hydrocarbon solvent containing four substances is matched with the nonionic surfactant, the polysiloxane and the inorganic nano functional additive, so that the insulation breakdown voltage, the volume resistivity and the open flash point can be improved at the same time under the condition of not containing any environment-unfriendly component; and hot-line work dangers can be effectively prevented. In addition, the cleaning agent not only realizes environment-friendly performance, but also has excellent natural volatility.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of insulating cleaning agents, and in particular to an environmentally friendly insulating cleaning agent that can be used to clean live equipment. Background Art

[0002] During operation, electrical equipment easily accumulates large amounts of contaminants such as dust, oil, moisture, salt, metal dust, and other charged particles. If not promptly removed, the equipment can rapidly age under long-term continuous operation, increasing its unreliability and significantly shortening its service life. Long-term accumulation of contaminants forms a solid buildup that degrades the equipment's insulation performance and can potentially cause safety incidents such as flashovers and short circuits.

[0003] Traditional cleaning methods for power equipment are primarily categorized as power-off cleaning and live cleaning. Power-off cleaning requires interrupting the power supply, which not only impacts grid stability but also suffers from low efficiency. Live cleaning, on the other hand, can be performed while power equipment is operating, but places extremely stringent requirements on the cleaning agent's insulation properties, volatility, environmental standards, and safety.

[0004] Currently, most common live insulation cleaning agents on the market use organic solvents such as freon derivatives or their compound chemical reagents as their main ingredients. These products generally have the following problems that need to be addressed: First, the environmental pollution problem cannot be ignored. Some solvents contain substances that deplete the ozone layer or highly volatile organic compounds, which runs counter to the environmental protection concept advocated by the Montreal Protocol and does not meet the relevant requirements of the national standard "GB / T 25097-2010 Live Insulator Cleaning Agents"; Second, there are safety risks. Some cleaning agents have extremely low flash points, which can easily cause combustion or even explosion accidents. At the same time, residual conductive substances may pose a potential threat to live operations; Third, material compatibility is poor. Strong solvents may corrode the surface coating or rubber seals of equipment, thereby accelerating the aging of the equipment and shortening its service life; Finally, the cleaning effect is unsatisfactory. The removal ability is limited when facing stubborn dirt, and often repeated operations are required to achieve the desired effect. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present disclosure provides an environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent.

[0006] The present disclosure provides an environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent comprising an alkane hydrocarbon solvent, a nonionic surfactant, a polyorganosiloxane, and an inorganic nanofunctional additive. The alkane hydrocarbon solvent comprises at least 96% by weight, and the alkane hydrocarbon solvent comprises only decane, undecane, dodecane, and tridecane. Specifically, in some embodiments, decane comprises 3% to 8% by weight, undecane comprises 20% to 40% by weight, dodecane comprises 20% to 40% by weight, and tridecane comprises 10% to 30% by weight.

[0007] Specifically, in some embodiments, the nonionic surfactant accounts for 0.5% to 3.95%. More specifically, the nonionic surfactant is at least one of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (APEO) and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO). Optionally, in some embodiments, the polyorganosiloxane accounts for 0.01% to 2% by weight, and the inorganic nano-functional additive accounts for 0.01% to 0.1% by weight. Furthermore, the polyorganosiloxane is at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, and polymethylvinylsiloxane. Furthermore, the inorganic nano-functional additive is composed of one or a mixture of two or more of SiO2, TiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, etc.

[0008] Optionally, according to the DL / T 421-2009 test standard, the volume resistivity of the cleaning agent is greater than or equal to 1.0×10 12 Ω•cm. Optionally, according to the GB / T 3536-2008 test standard, the open flash point temperature of the cleaning agent is greater than or equal to 95°C.

[0009] Preferably, by weight percentage, the alkane hydrocarbon solvent accounts for 97%, the polyorganosiloxane accounts for 0.93%, the inorganic nano-functional additive accounts for 0.07%, and the non-ionic surfactant accounts for 2%.

[0010] The environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent provided herein has at least the following advantages: By precisely controlling the optimal ratio of the various components of an alkane-based hydrocarbon solvent to achieve synergistic effects, the cleaning agent simultaneously improves insulation breakdown voltage, volume resistivity, and open flash point without any environmentally unfriendly ingredients, effectively preventing the occurrence of hazards associated with live working. Furthermore, the cleaning agent not only achieves environmentally friendly properties but also exhibits excellent natural volatility. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0012] Numerical ranges indicated by the symbol "~" in this disclosure include the numerical ranges specified as the lower limit and upper limit, respectively, before or after the symbol. When multiple values ​​are mentioned as the upper or lower limit of any numerical range for a substance (ingredient), the range disclosed in this disclosure is understood to be a range with any one of the multiple upper limits as its upper limit and any one of the multiple lower limits as its lower limit.

[0013] The present disclosure provides an environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent comprising an alkane hydrocarbon solvent, a nonionic surfactant, a polyorganosiloxane, and an inorganic nanofunctional additive. The alkane hydrocarbon solvent comprises at least 96% by weight. Specifically, the alkane hydrocarbon solvent comprises only decane, undecane, dodecane, and tridecane.

[0014] In the past, it was common to add a single alkane to the insulation cleaning agent formula and combine it with other ingredients to improve the insulation breakdown voltage, flash point and natural volatility. However, this type of insulation cleaning agent still has some problems. For example, the insulation cleaning agent with a single decane or undecane as the main component has the following shortcomings: it cannot significantly improve the insulation breakdown voltage, volume resistivity and flash point performance, and the volatilization rate is too fast to meet actual needs. The cleaning agent disclosed in the present invention produces a synergistic effect by adjusting the proportion of alkanes and combining the characteristics of each component, thereby simultaneously improving the insulation breakdown voltage, volume resistivity and flash point to the greatest extent and improving the cleaning effect.

[0015] The cleaning agent disclosed herein does not contain environmentally unfriendly chemical ingredients such as trichloroethylene, carbon tetrachloride, Freon, acetone, and toluene, which are often found in traditional insulation cleaning agents. This eliminates concerns about the ozone layer damage caused by the generation of chlorine free radicals during the decomposition of chlorinated solvents, nor does it raise concerns about the extremely high global warming potential (GWP) of partially fluorinated solvents. Furthermore, the cleaning agent disclosed herein does not contain refractory halogenated hydrocarbons, which can accumulate in the environment over time and bioaccumulate through the food chain, forming persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The cleaning agent disclosed herein also does not contain highly polar solvents (such as acetone), which can corrode plastics, rubber, or insulating varnishes, accelerating the aging process of equipment. Compared to cleaning agents with low-flash-point solvents (such as benzene and acetone), the cleaning agent disclosed herein does not require explosion-proof equipment during use, reducing both safety precautions and operational complexity. Compared with cleaning agents with high-boiling-point solvents (such as xylene), the cleaning agent of the present disclosure does not remain on the surface of the equipment after cleaning, thereby not affecting the insulation performance of the live equipment.

[0016] The cleaning agent disclosed herein accurately screens alkanes in the range of carbon 10 to carbon 13, and achieves an efficient balance between volatility, solubility and viscosity through fine-tuning and coordination of the proportions between the components. In addition, the cleaning agent disclosed herein introduces non-ionic surfactants, polysiloxanes and inorganic nano-functional additives, which not only improve the performance of the cleaning agent and optimize the cleaning effect, but also enhance safety and stability. In short, the present invention achieves comprehensive optimization in terms of improving insulation breakdown voltage, volume resistivity, open flash point and natural volatility. In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, the above-mentioned alkane components are mixed in a certain proportion to effectively remove dust and fine particles.

[0017] According to one aspect of the present invention, an environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent is achieved by replacing halogenated hydrocarbons and benzene series with an alkane mixture. Specifically, by weight, decane accounts for 3% to 8%, undecane accounts for 20% to 40%, dodecane accounts for 20% to 40%, and tridecane accounts for 10% to 30%. By precisely controlling the ratios between the various components of the alkane hydrocarbon solvent, the cleaning agent disclosed herein can simultaneously improve the insulation breakdown voltage, volume resistivity, and open flash point without any environmentally unfriendly ingredients, effectively preventing the occurrence of live working hazards. Furthermore, the cleaning agent not only achieves environmentally friendly properties but also possesses excellent natural volatility.

[0018] The alkane hydrocarbon solvent disclosed herein consists only of deca- to tridecanes. Compared with conventional insulation cleaning agents, the length of the alkane chain is strictly controlled to be between carbon 10 and carbon 13 (C10-C13).

[0019] While short-chain alkanes (C6-C9) offer lower costs in certain scenarios, their safety, effectiveness, and environmental performance limitations limit their use in insulation cleaning agents. For example, short-chain alkanes are highly volatile, have a low flash point, and easily form flammable vapors, increasing the risk of fire and explosion. This high volatility also causes the cleaning agent to evaporate rapidly upon contact with the surface, potentially shortening its effective duration and compromising cleaning effectiveness. Secondly, short-chain alkanes have poor polarity compatibility and a weaker solubility for non-polar stains, reducing cleaning efficiency and requiring more frequent use or repeated cleaning. Furthermore, their strong hydrophilicity can affect their interaction with hydrophobic contaminants, particularly in the cleaning of precision electronic equipment, where residues can cause circuit problems. Furthermore, short-chain alkane components can increase the risk of corrosion in cleaning agents, as they can swell or corrode certain plastics, rubbers, and coatings, especially under high temperatures or prolonged contact. Finally, short-chain alkane components will increase environmental and health hazards. Short-chain alkanes are volatile organic compounds that will aggravate air pollution and ozone production.

[0020] While long-chain alkanes (C14 and above) offer advantages in solubility and safety, their high viscosity, slow volatility, and environmental impact limit their use in insulation cleaning agents. For example, long-chain alkanes increase the viscosity of the cleaning agent, reducing its fluidity and making it difficult to penetrate narrow gaps or delicate components (such as circuit board solder joints and microelectronic devices). Furthermore, long-chain alkanes can cause the cleaning agent to evaporate too slowly, easily forming an oily film or residue on the surface being cleaned, especially in low-temperature environments. For electronic equipment, residue can degrade insulation performance or attract dust. Furthermore, long-chain alkanes are highly soluble in certain plastics, rubbers, and sealing materials, potentially causing swelling, deformation, or degradation. Furthermore, long-chain alkanes can cause the cleaning agent to solidify or become turbid at low temperatures, leading to stratification or clogging of spray equipment, compromising cleaning effectiveness. Finally, long-chain alkane components can reduce the biodegradability of the cleaning agent. Longer alkane chains are more difficult to degrade by microorganisms, and long-term accumulation can cause soil or water pollution.

[0021] Specifically, the decane (C10) content of environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agents, measured by weight, should be 3%-8%, 3%-7%, 3%-6%, 3%-5%, or 3%-4%. If the decane content falls below this range, the volatility balance may be disrupted, leading to an imbalanced volatilization gradient within the mixed solvent. This excessive proportion of C11-C13 may result in slow drying, increasing the risk of residue residue on equipment surfaces. This can also weaken the ability to rapidly dissolve light grease and dust, resulting in insufficient initial cleaning and decontamination effectiveness, necessitating reliance on longer-chain alkanes (C12-C13), and prolonging cleaning time. If the decane content exceeds this range, the drying speed may become uncontrolled, and the C10 volatilization rate is significantly higher than that of C12-C13. Excessive use may cause partial volatilization of the cleaning agent before it comes into contact with dirt, shortening its effective duration and requiring frequent re-application. Furthermore, rapid volatilization may absorb heat, causing localized cooling on the equipment surface. In high humidity environments, this may induce condensation, which in turn increases the probability of short circuits.

[0022] Specifically, the undecane (C11) content of the environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent should be 20%-40%, 20%-38%, 20%-36%, 20%-34%, 20%-32%, 20%-30%, 20%-28%, 20%-26%, 20%-24%, or 20%-22%, by weight. C11 acts as a "balancer" in live insulation cleaning agents, a key component between C10 (rapid volatility) and C12-C13 (long-term solubility). If the undecane content falls below the above range, the solubility of medium-viscosity oils (grease, transformer oil) may be weakened. Furthermore, the synergistic effect will be weakened, and the initial cleaning phase dominated by C10 will be disconnected from the later cleaning phase dominated by C12-C13, affecting the continuous cleaning effect. C11 has low swelling properties for plastic and rubber seals. Replacement with more C10 or polar cosolvents may increase the risk of material corrosion. Undecane content exceeding the above range may result in increased volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions. Because C11 is more volatile than C12 and C13, excessive use may cause VOC emissions to approach regulatory limits. While C11 is effective for cleaning medium-viscosity soils, its high proportion will squeeze the space between C12 and C13, thus affecting the cleaning efficiency of heavy oils (asphalts and carbon deposits). Furthermore, a high proportion of C11 will lower the flash point of the mixed solvent, as C11 has a lower flash point than C13, increasing the flammability risk of the mixed solvent. Furthermore, C11 has a higher freezing point than C10, which may reduce spray performance in low-temperature environments, thus affecting the product's performance.

[0023] Specifically, the dodecane (C12) content of environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agents can be 20%-40%, 20%-38%, 20%-36%, 20%-34%, 20%-32%, 20%-30%, 20%-28%, 20%-26%, 20%-24%, or 20%-22%, by weight. C12 significantly outperforms C10 and C11 in dissolving high-viscosity contaminants (asphalt, carbon deposits, and aged transformer oil). If the dodecane content falls below the above range, stubborn contaminants may remain, resulting in incomplete insulation restoration. C12 evaporates more slowly than C10 and C11. If the dodecane content is too low, the overall volatilization of the mixed solvent will accelerate, increasing the risk of flammability. C12 exhibits superior wettability for metals and insulating materials (ceramics and epoxy resins). Low C12 content may prevent the cleaning agent from fully penetrating the dirt-substrate interface. The freezing point of C12 is higher than that of C10, but significantly lower than that of C13. If C12 is insufficient and C13 is excessive, viscosity can increase dramatically in cold environments, potentially clogging spray equipment. Dodecane content exceeding the above range can significantly slow volatilization, prolong drying time, and allow residual surface moisture to adsorb in humid environments, reducing insulation resistance. The degradation rate of C12 is slightly lower than that of C10 and C11 (but far superior to halogenated hydrocarbons), so a high C12 content can extend environmental residual time.

[0024] Specifically, the tridecane content of environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agents can be 10%-30%, 10%-28%, 10%-26%, 10%-24%, 10%-22%, 10%-20%, 10%-18%, 10%-16%, 10%-14%, or 10%-12%, by weight. C13 is a core component for dissolving heavy oil contaminants (oxidized asphalt, solidified grease, and carbon deposits). If the tridecane content falls below the above range, conductive contaminants may remain, reducing insulation recovery. Without the delayed volatilization effect of C13, the mixed solvent dries too quickly, resulting in inadequate dissolution of deep-seated contaminants and a "false clean." Residual short-chain alkanes (C10 and C11) may accelerate oxidation of metal parts. C13 has a flash point much higher than C10. Low tridecane content lowers the flash point of the mixed solvent, increasing the flammability risk when cleaning high-temperature equipment (e.g., motor windings). If the tridecane content exceeds the above range, fluidity may be impaired. C13 has a high freezing point, making atomization difficult. In cold environments, crystals may precipitate, completely blocking pipelines. C13 takes 28–35 days to fully degrade in soil (compared to 7–10 days for C10). Excessively high levels can hinder degradation.

[0025] In some embodiments, the total content of decane, undecane, dodecane, and tridecane in the environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent can be greater than 96%, 96% to 97%, 96% to 98%, 96% to 99%, or 96% to 99.5% by weight. When the total content of decane, undecane, dodecane, and tridecane falls within the above numerical ranges, the cleaning agent significantly improves the insulation breakdown voltage, volume resistivity, and open flash point while still avoiding the use of environmentally harmful ODS, VOCs, heavy metals, and halogen elements, and exhibits excellent natural volatility and cleaning effectiveness.

[0026] Optionally, in some embodiments, the environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent of the present invention may further contain 0.5% to 4% of a non-ionic surfactant. Specifically, the non-ionic surfactant is composed of a mixture of one or more of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ethers (APEO), fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers (AEO), and the like. Compared to traditional ionic surfactants, non-ionic surfactants are uncharged and have no charge interference, making them suitable for charged environments. Non-ionic surfactants also pose almost no risk of corrosion or swelling to metals, plastics, or coatings. Therefore, the addition of a non-ionic surfactant can enhance the cleaning ability of the insulation cleaning agent while maintaining high insulation breakdown voltage, volume resistivity, and open flash point performance.

[0027] Specifically, the nonionic surfactant content of the environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent can be 0.5% to 4%, 0.5% to 3.5%, 0.5% to 3%, 0.5% to 2.5%, 0.5% to 2.0%, 0.5% to 1.5%, or 0.5% to 1%, calculated as a percentage by weight. If the nonionic surfactant mixture content is less than the above range, the surfactant concentration may fall below the critical micelle concentration (CMC), failing to effectively reduce the solvent surface tension and causing interfacial activity to fail. In the absence of a surfactant protective film, direct contact between the alkane solvent and the metal may increase the corrosion rate. Lower surfactant concentrations may increase surface resistance, increasing the risk of electrostatic discharge. If the surfactant content exceeds the above range, excess surfactant may form micelle clusters, reducing the breakdown voltage. Excess surfactant may also adsorb ambient moisture, potentially reducing the volume resistivity.

[0028] Optionally, the environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent of the present invention may also include 0.01% to 2% of polyorganosiloxane. Compared with traditional insulation cleaning agents, the polyorganosiloxane introduced in the present invention has ultra-low surface tension, which can enhance the permeability of the cleaning agent, thereby achieving deeper and more thorough cleaning. Secondly, polyorganosiloxane can suppress foam during spray or ultrasonic cleaning, ensuring cleaning uniformity and effectiveness. In addition, when polyorganosiloxane is used in combination with C10-13 alkanes, it can achieve rapid volatilization, no residue, no need for secondary rinsing, and does not affect the insulation performance of the object being cleaned, making it suitable for precision electronic equipment. In short, polyorganosiloxane is introduced to achieve the triple goals of performance enhancement, foam control and safety assurance. In addition, polyorganosiloxane has a synergistic effect with non-ionic surfactants, which can further enhance the permeability of the cleaning agent, quickly wet the micron-level gaps of electronic components, and improve the efficiency of grease stripping.

[0029] In particular, polyorganosiloxanes possess excellent thermal stability and chemical inertness. Thanks to the properties of Si-O bonds, they maintain their structural integrity and are resistant to decomposition during high-temperature cleaning processes (such as precision cleaning after reflow soldering or laser equipment maintenance). This property effectively avoids residual contamination caused by thermal degradation, ensuring pure and efficient cleaning results. Furthermore, polyorganosiloxanes possess strong antioxidant properties, forming a protective barrier against the alkane solvents in the cleaning agent, preventing oxidative decomposition and significantly extending the shelf life of the cleaning agent. This makes the cleaning agent disclosed herein particularly suitable for industrial cleaning systems that require long-term recycling, providing reliable support for industrial production.

[0030] Specifically, the polyorganosiloxane content of the environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent can be 0.01% to 2%, 0.01% to 1.5%, 0.01% to 1%, 0.01% to 0.5%, 0.01% to 0.1%, 0.01% to 0.05%, or 0.01% to 0.02%, calculated as a percentage by weight. If the polyorganosiloxane content is less than the above range, foam may cover the surface of the equipment, causing insulation failure, local electric field distortion, and reduced breakdown voltage. If the polyorganosiloxane content is greater than the above range, silicon contamination may occur. Excessive polyorganosiloxane may form an irreversible siloxane film on the surface of ceramic insulators. Certain oil-based defoamers may accelerate copper corrosion.

[0031] Specifically, the polyorganosiloxane disclosed herein is at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, and polymethylvinylsiloxane.

[0032] Specifically, the environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent according to the present invention may also contain 0.01% to 0.1% of an inorganic nanofunctional additive. More specifically, the inorganic nanofunctional additive is composed of one or a mixture of two or more of SiO2, TiO2, ZnO, Al2O3, and the like. Compared to traditional insulation cleaning agents, the present invention incorporates inorganic nanofunctional additives, which, through size effects and surface engineering, restructure the cleaning agent's properties at the molecular level, significantly improving its cleaning performance, safety, and functionality. First, the introduction of inorganic nanofunctional additives enhances the nanoscale physical cleaning properties of the insulation cleaning agent. Nanoparticles provide gentle mechanical friction during the cleaning process, effectively removing stubborn contaminants (oxide layers, particulate contaminants) without scratching delicate surfaces. The high specific surface area and surface energy of nanoparticles allow them to more easily penetrate micron-sized gaps, improving cleaning coverage. Second, nano-ZnO and TiO2 exhibit semiconductor properties that dissipate static charge, reducing the risk of electrostatically attracted dust or particle contamination of electronic components. Nano-ZnO can also inhibit bacterial and mold growth during storage or recycling (e.g., cleaning equipment in the food industry). Nano-Al2O3 / SiO2 can form a passivation film on metal surfaces, blocking water and oxygen contact and preventing oxidation in copper, silver, and other circuits. Finally, compared to organic additives, inorganic nano-functional additives are inorganic nanomaterials, have no volatile pollution, are low in VOCs (volatile organic compounds), and are environmentally friendly.

[0033] Specifically, the content of the inorganic nanofunctional additive, measured by weight percentage in the environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent, can be 0.01%-0.1%, 0.01%-0.08%, 0.01%-0.06%, 0.01%-0.04%, or 0.01%-0.02%. Preferably, the inorganic nanofunctional additive includes at least 0.01% nano-SiO2. An appropriate amount of nano-SiO2 can form a stable three-dimensional network structure on the device surface, effectively improving the breakdown voltage of the cleaning agent. Furthermore, nanoparticles can fill microscopic uneven areas, alleviating localized electric field concentration. Preferably, the inorganic nanofunctional additive also includes Al2O3. Appropriate concentrations of Al2O3 nanosheets can significantly increase resistivity through oriented alignment, and even under high humidity (RH > 80%), their performance remains superior to that of pure alkane solvents. Optionally, the inorganic nanofunctional additive includes ZnO. Appropriate concentrations of ZnO nanoparticles have strong water absorption properties, effectively removing residual moisture from the device surface and improving insulation performance. Inorganic nanofunctional additives can also include TiO2. As a highly effective photocatalyst, TiO2 can further accelerate the degradation of oil stains by catalytically decomposing dirt, significantly enhancing cleaning effectiveness. If the content of inorganic nanofunctional additives exceeds the above range, additive aggregation and sedimentation may occur. Excessive levels can significantly deteriorate the rheological properties of the cleaning agent. Excessive nanoparticles can also form chain-like aggregates in an electric field, leading to a 3-5-fold increase in local field strength.

[0034] According to the DL / T 421-2009 test standard, in some embodiments, the volume resistivity of the cleaning agent of the present disclosure is greater than or equal to 1.0×10 12 Ω•cm. The higher the volume resistivity of the cleaning agent, the better the insulation performance.

[0035] According to the GB / T 3536-2008 testing standard, in some embodiments, the cleaning agents of the present disclosure have an open-flame flash point temperature of 95°C or greater. The flash point is the lowest temperature at which a combustible substance can form and ignite in air, while the ignition point is the lowest temperature at which a substance spontaneously ignites and begins to burn when heated in air. The open-flame flash point refers to the lowest temperature at which cleaning agent vapors can flash (spark momentarily but not continuously) when exposed to an open flame under specified experimental conditions (using an open test cup). A higher open-flame flash point temperature provides greater fire prevention.

[0036] According to the IEC-60156-2018 test standard, in some embodiments, the cleaning agents disclosed herein can have an insulation breakdown voltage of 80 kV or greater (at 2.5 mm). When the electric field strength to which an insulating material is subjected gradually increases and reaches a certain threshold, a sudden large current flows, causing the insulating material to exhibit conductor-like properties. This phenomenon is known as insulation breakdown. The voltage at which insulation breakdown occurs is defined as the insulation breakdown voltage. Generally speaking, the higher the insulation breakdown voltage, the better the performance required for cleaning electrical switchboards without powering off.

[0037] According to GB 38508-2020, limits for volatile organic compound content in cleaning agents, the volatile organic compound content of the cleaning agents disclosed herein is below the specified limits. According to EU RoHS Directive 2011 / 65 / EU and its amendment (EU) 2015 / 863, the cleaning agents disclosed herein are free of heavy metals and halogenated pollutants. According to US EPA 8260C-2006 testing standards, the volatiles of the cleaning agents disclosed herein are free of ozone-depleting substances.

[0038] The environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent of the present invention can be in a solution state with all components uniformly mixed. Specifically, by uniformly mixing the components of the environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent to form a solution, advantages such as ease of preparation, portability and storage, and ease of mixing with additives can be achieved. Furthermore, the preparation process of the environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent can be simplified by directly filling the container with the alkane hydrocarbon solvent that constitutes the cleaning agent.

[0039] The environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent according to one embodiment of the present invention, due to its high insulation properties, low toxicity, and biodegradability, is widely used in power systems, electronic equipment, industrial facilities, and other fields. It performs particularly well in live working (non-stop cleaning) scenarios. For example, the environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent can be used to clean high-voltage power transmission and transformation equipment (insulators, circuit breakers, transformer bushings, lightning arresters, etc.), power distribution equipment (switchgear, cable terminals, fuses), wind turbines (generator windings, converters, slip rings), photovoltaic power plants (photovoltaic panels, combiner boxes, inverters), precision electronic equipment (high-voltage DC power supplies, server motherboards, cooling systems), rail transit electrical systems (catenary insulators, traction converters), industrial equipment (explosion-proof motors, high-voltage switches, inverters), and manufacturing automation equipment (robot control cabinets, PCLs, drives).

[0040] Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail so that those skilled in the art can easily implement it, but this is only an example and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following content.

[0041] The environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent of Example 1 comprises, by weight, 97% alkane hydrocarbon solvent, 2% nonionic surfactant, 0.93% polyorganosiloxane, and 0.07% inorganic nanofunctional additive. Specifically, the 97% alkane hydrocarbon solvent comprises 5% decane, 32% undecane, 38% dodecane, and 22% tridecane. The nonionic surfactant comprises 2% fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO), the polyorganosiloxane comprises 0.93% polydiethylsiloxane, and the inorganic nanofunctional additive comprises 0.07% SiO2.

[0042] Comparative Examples 1-9 are similar to Example 1 in most components, and the nonionic surfactant is specifically fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO), the polyorganosiloxane is specifically polydiethylsiloxane, and the inorganic nano-functional additive is specifically SiO2.

[0043] Compared with Example 1, the difference in Comparative Example 1 is that 5% of decadecane is replaced by 5% of nonadecane.

[0044] Compared with Example 1, the difference in Comparative Example 2 is that 5% of decadecane is replaced by 5% of octadecane.

[0045] Compared with Example 1, the difference in Comparative Example 3 is that 22% of tridecane is replaced by 22% of tetradecane.

[0046] Compared with Example 1, the difference in Comparative Example 4 is that 22% of tridecane is replaced by 22% of pentadecane.

[0047] Compared with Example 1, the difference in Comparative Example 5 is that 2% of the non-ionic surfactant is replaced by 2% of the ionic surfactant.

[0048] Compared with Example 1, the difference in Comparative Example 6 is that the polyorganosiloxane is removed, the nonionic surfactant is adjusted from 2% to 2.9%, and the inorganic nano-functional additive is adjusted from 0.07% to 0.1%.

[0049] Compared with Example 1, the difference in Comparative Example 7 is that the inorganic nano-functional additive is removed and the polyorganosiloxane content is adjusted from 0.93% to 1%.

[0050] Compared with Example 1, the difference in Comparative Example 8 is that the non-ionic surfactant is removed, the proportion of undecane is adjusted from 32% to 33%, and the proportion of tridecane is adjusted from 22% to 23%.

[0051] Compared with Example 1, the difference in Comparative Example 9 is that the non-ionic surfactant, polyorganosiloxane and inorganic nano-functional additives are removed, the proportion of decane is adjusted from 5% to 6%, the proportion of undecane is adjusted from 32% to 33%, and the proportion of tridecane is adjusted from 22% to 23%.

[0052] The detailed ingredients of Example 1 and each comparative example are shown in Table 1.

[0053] Table 1 Insulation cleaning agent composition

[0054]

[0055] According to the requirements of GB / T 25097-2010 standard, the insulation breakdown voltage, volume resistivity, corrosion characteristic test, flammability test, residue insulation performance test and cleaning effect test of the insulation cleaning agents of the above-mentioned Comparative Examples 1 to Comparative Examples 9 and Example 1 were evaluated.

[0056] (1) Insulation breakdown voltage

[0057] According to the GB / T 507-2002 test standard, the insulation breakdown voltage of the insulating cleaning agents of Comparative Examples 1 to 9 and Example 1 was measured (measurement conditions: 25° C. and 2.5 mm). The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0058] Table 2 Insulation breakdown voltage of insulation cleaning agents

[0059]

[0060] As shown in Table 2, the breakdown voltage of the insulating cleaning agent in Example 1 reached a high of 92.3 kV. Comparative Example 9 shows that when C10-C13 alkanes are mixed in a certain ratio, the synergistic effect between the alkanes increases the breakdown voltage to 70.4 kV. Referring to Comparative Example 6, the subsequent addition of an inorganic nano-additive and a nonionic surfactant to the synergistic effect of the mixed alkanes can synergistically increase the breakdown voltage to 82.9 kV. Referring to Comparative Example 7, the addition of a polyorganosiloxane and a nonionic surfactant to the synergistic effect of the mixed alkanes can synergistically increase the breakdown voltage to 79.6 kV. Referring to Comparative Example 8, the addition of a polyorganosiloxane and an inorganic nano-additive to the synergistic effect of the mixed alkanes can synergistically increase the breakdown voltage to 80.7 kV (Comparative Example 8). In summary, any combination of two of the three: inorganic nano-additives, nonionic surfactants, and polyorganosiloxanes can achieve significant synergistic effects to improve breakdown voltage performance. Referring to Example 1, when the three are present at the same time, the synergistic effect is maximized, and the breakdown voltage can be significantly increased to 92.3 kV.

[0061] (2) Volume resistivity

[0062] The volume resistivity of the insulating cleaning agents of Comparative Examples 1 to 9 and Example 1 was measured according to the DL / T 421 test standard (measurement conditions: 20°C, 20 s, and 60 s). The test results are shown in Table 3. Generally speaking, the higher the volume resistivity, the better the performance required for cleaning electrical equipment without powering off.

[0063] Table 3 Volume resistivity of insulation cleaning agents

[0064]

[0065] As shown in Table 3, the volume resistivity of aluminum in Example 1 is as high as 7.2×10 14 Ω•cm. From Comparative Example 9, it can be seen that when C10-C13 alkanes are mixed in a certain proportion, the synergistic effect between the alkanes can increase the volume resistivity to 1.5×10 12 Ω•cm. Referring to Comparative Example 6, based on the synergistic effect of mixed alkanes, the addition of inorganic nano-additives and non-ionic surfactants can further increase the volume resistivity to 1.7×10 13 Ω•cm. Referring to Comparative Example 7, on the basis of the synergistic effect of mixed alkanes, the addition of polyorganosiloxane and nonionic surfactant can synergistically increase the volume resistivity to 6.9×10 13 Ω·cm. Referring to Comparative Example 8, polyorganosiloxane and inorganic nano-additives were added to the synergistic effect of mixed alkanes to increase the volume resistivity to 6.9×10 13 Ω•cm. It can be seen from the above that any combination of two of the inorganic nano-additives, nonionic surfactants, and polyorganosiloxanes can achieve a significant synergistic effect to increase the volume resistivity by at least one order of magnitude. Referring to Example 1, when the three are present simultaneously, the synergistic effect is maximized, and the volume resistivity is increased by another order of magnitude, reaching as high as 7.2×10 14 Ω•cm.

[0066] (3) Corrosion characteristics test

[0067] The insulation cleaning agent described in Example 1 should be non-corrosive to the equipment being cleaned, including organic materials such as polypropylene (PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and nylon, as well as reactive metals, zinc-plated metals, glass, and ceramics. The specific testing process involves hanging copper sheets, steel sheets, porcelain sheets, glass sheets, silicate test blocks, and epoxy fiberglass sheets on S-shaped hooks. The samples are then placed in a glass cup containing the cleaning agent and immersed at room temperature for 96 hours. After removal, the samples are allowed to air dry and then visually inspected.

[0068] Test results: no surface corrosion, no obvious color change.

[0069] Hang PP sheets, PVC sheets, PTFE sheets, Nylon sheets, and PBT sheets with S-shaped hooks, then place them in a glass cup filled with detergent. Soak them at room temperature for 3 minutes, then take them out and place them in the air to dry naturally. Repeat this operation 20 times and then conduct a visual inspection.

[0070] Test results: no corrosion, no deformation, and no obvious color change on the surface.

[0071] (4) Flammability test

[0072] The ignition and flash points of the insulation cleaning agents of Comparative Examples 1 to 9 and Example 1 were measured (measurement conditions: burning for 5 seconds) according to the GB / T 3536 test standard (Table 4). Generally speaking, higher ignition and flash points indicate a lower fire risk.

[0073] Table 4 Ignition point and flash point of insulation cleaning agents

[0074]

[0075] Referring to Table 4, the ignition point of the insulation cleaning agent of Example 1 is 116.9 o C, its flash point is 104.2 o C. From Comparative Example 9, it can be seen that when C10-C13 alkanes are mixed in a certain proportion, the synergistic effect between the alkanes can increase the ignition point and flash point to 74.7 o C / 70.4 o C. Referring to Comparative Example 6, based on the synergistic effect of mixed alkanes, the addition of inorganic nano additives and nonionic surfactants can synergistically increase the ignition point and flash point to 91.7 o C / 88.5 o C. Referring to Comparative Example 7, based on the synergistic effect of mixed alkanes, the addition of polyorganosiloxane and nonionic surfactant can synergistically increase the ignition point and flash point to 88.5 o C / 85.3 o C. Referring to Comparative Example 8, based on the synergistic effect of mixed alkanes, the addition of polyorganosiloxane and inorganic nano additives can synergistically increase the ignition point and flash point to 92.9 o C / 89.6 o C,. In summary, any combination of two of the three inorganic nano additives, nonionic surfactants, and polyorganosiloxanes can achieve a significant synergistic effect to improve the ignition point and flash point. Referring to Comparative Example 1, when the three are present at the same time, the synergistic effect is maximized, and the ignition point and flash point can be increased to 116.9 o C / 104.2 o C.

[0076] (5) Residue insulation performance test

[0077] According to the GB / T 775.2 test standard, the insulation performance of the residual insulation of the insulating cleaning agents of Examples 1 to 9 and Example 1 was measured (measurement conditions: immersion for 30 minutes) (Table 5). The average of the three test results was recorded as U1 (unit: V). The samples were then immersed in the cleaning agent for 30 minutes, removed, and subjected to a maximum power frequency withstand voltage test. The average of the three test results was recorded as U2 (unit: V).

[0078] Table 5 Insulation properties of insulation cleaning agent residues

[0079]

[0080] Referring to Table 5, in the insulation performance test of the insulation cleaning agent residue, the voltage value U1 of the insulator before immersion is 54.7 V, and the voltage value U2 of the insulator after immersion in the insulation cleaning agent of Example 1 is 56.5 V. The voltage value U2 is higher than U1, indicating that the insulation performance of the live equipment is not affected after being cleaned by the insulation cleaning agent of Example 1.

[0081] (6) Cleaning effect test

[0082] The pollution formula is shown in Table 6.

[0083] Table 6: Pollution formula

[0084]

[0085] According to the above-mentioned dirt ratio, the cleaning performance of the insulation cleaning agents of Examples 1 to 9 and Example 1 was measured (measurement conditions: 60 o C environment for 12 h). The measurement results are shown in Table 7.

[0086] Table 7 Cleaning performance of insulation cleaning agents

[0087]

[0088] Referring to Table 7, the cleaning rate of the insulation cleaning agent of Example 1 is as high as 96.5%, which shows that the cleaning agent has strong decontamination ability. As can be seen from Comparative Example 9, C10-C13 alkanes are mixed in a certain proportion, and the synergistic effect between the alkanes can increase the cleaning rate to 64.7%. Referring to Comparative Example 6, on the basis of the synergistic effect of the mixed alkanes, the addition of inorganic nano additives and nonionic surfactants can synergistically increase the cleaning rate to 80.5%. Referring to Comparative Example 7, on the basis of the synergistic effect of the mixed alkanes, the addition of polyorganosiloxane and nonionic surfactants can synergistically increase the cleaning rate to 78.8%. Referring to Comparative Example 8, on the basis of the synergistic effect of the mixed alkanes, the addition of polyorganosiloxane and inorganic nano additives can synergistically increase the cleaning rate to 82.1%. In summary, it can be seen that any combination of two of the three, inorganic nano additives, nonionic surfactants, and polyorganosiloxanes, can achieve a significant synergistic effect to improve the cleaning rate. Referring to Example 1, when the three are present at the same time, the synergistic effect is maximized, and the cleaning rate can be increased to 96.5%.

[0089] The above are only several embodiments of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to the embodiments of the present disclosure based on the contents disclosed in the application documents without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An environmentally friendly insulation cleaning agent, characterized in that: include: Alkane hydrocarbon solvents, wherein the alkane hydrocarbon solvents only include decane, undecane, dodecane and tridecane, Nonionic surfactants, polyorganosiloxane, and Inorganic nano-functional additives; Wherein, by weight percentage, the alkane hydrocarbon solvent accounts for at least 96%.

2. The cleaning agent according to claim 1, characterized in that In terms of weight percentage, decane accounts for 3% to 8%, undecane accounts for 20% to 40%, dodecane accounts for 20% to 40%, and tridecane accounts for 10% to 30%.

3. The cleaning agent according to claim 2, characterized in that By weight percentage, the nonionic surfactant accounts for 0.5% to 3.95%.

4. The cleaning agent according to claim 3, characterized in that The nonionic surfactant is at least one of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (APEO) and fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (AEO).

5. The cleaning agent according to claim 3, characterized in that By weight percentage, the polyorganosiloxane accounts for 0.01% to 2%, and the inorganic nano-functional additive accounts for 0.01% to 0.1%.

6. The cleaning agent according to claim 5, characterized in that The polyorganosiloxane is at least one of polydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane and polymethylvinylsiloxane.

7. The cleaning agent according to claim 5, characterized in that The inorganic nano functional additive is composed of one or a mixture of two or more of SiO2, TiO2, ZnO, Al2O3 and the like.

8. The cleaning agent according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that According to the DL / T 421-2009 test standard, the volume resistivity of the cleaning agent is greater than or equal to 1.0×10 12 Ω•cm.

9. The cleaning agent according to claim 8, characterized in that According to the GB / T 3536-2008 test standard, the open flash point temperature of the cleaning agent is greater than or equal to 95°C.

10. The cleaning agent according to claim 2, characterized in that By weight percentage, the alkane hydrocarbon solvent accounts for 97%, the polyorganosiloxane accounts for 0.93%, the inorganic nano-functional additive accounts for 0.07%, and the non-ionic surfactant accounts for 2%.

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