Bridge abutment transition slab structure for preventing bumping at bridge head and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a bridge abutment transition slab structure for preventing bumping at a bridge head and a construction method. The bridge abutment transition slab structure comprises a bridge abutment, a roadbed filling area and a slope, wherein the slope and the bridge abutment are arranged in a spaced mode, and the slope inclines in the direction away from the bridge abutment. The abutment back backfilling area is filled between the bridge abutment and the roadbed filling area and covers the slope surface of the roadbed filling area; the supporting piles are arranged at the junction of the roadbed filling area and the abutment back backfilling area and sequentially penetrate through the roadbed filling area and the abutment back backfilling area from bottom to top, and sleeper beams are arranged at the tops of the supporting piles; one end of the abutment transition slab is fixedly lapped on the bottom surface of the bracket of the abutment, and the other end of the abutment transition slab is fixedly lapped on the sleeper beam; the transition section is in a step-by-step descending step shape in the direction away from the bridge abutment, and grouting holes are formed in the transition section. And the pavement layer covers the upper surfaces of the bridge abutment transition slab, the transition section and the roadbed filling area. According to the transition slab structure and the construction method provided by the invention, the settlement difference can be effectively controlled, the smooth transition of the bridgehead area is realized, and the driving comfort and safety are obviously improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridge construction, in particular to an abutment plate structure and a construction method for preventing vehicle jumping at a bridge head. Background Art

[0002] In the field of road and bridge engineering, the connection between the abutment and the roadbed is a key node of the road structure. The traditional abutment slab structure is usually composed of basic components such as the abutment, the abutment backfill area, the abutment slab, and the pavement layer. The abutment serves as the supporting structure for the bridge and the roadbed. The abutment backfill area is generally filled with conventional fillers, and the abutment slab is connected between the abutment and the roadbed to transfer vehicle loads. However, in actual use, due to factors such as the difference in stiffness between the abutment and the roadbed, insufficient compaction of the abutment backfill material, and repeated vehicle loads, it is very easy for the connection between the abutment and the roadbed to have a settlement difference. This settlement difference can cause vehicles to bump and jump when passing, which is the problem of vehicle jumping at the bridge head.

[0003] Vehicle bouncing at bridgeheads not only seriously affects driving comfort, increases vehicle wear and fuel consumption, but can also cause traffic accidents and threaten driving safety. To address this issue, existing technologies often use measures such as optimizing abutment backfill materials, improving compaction processes, or installing simple transition structures. However, these methods struggle to fundamentally coordinate the deformation differences between the abutment and the roadbed, effectively control settlement differences, and meet the needs of long-term stable road operation. With increasing traffic volume and gradually increasing driving speeds, there is an urgent need to develop more scientific and effective abutment slab structures to achieve a smooth transition in the bridgehead area. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes an abutment slab structure and construction method for preventing vehicle bouncing at a bridge head. This structure can effectively control differential settlement, achieve a smooth transition in the bridge head area, and significantly improve driving comfort and safety.

[0005] According to the first aspect of the present invention, an abutment slab structure for preventing vehicle jumping at a bridge head is provided. It includes an abutment with a corbel on the top; a roadbed filling area, which is spaced apart from the abutment and has a slope inclined in the direction away from the abutment; an abutment backfill area, which is filled between the abutment and the roadbed filling area and covers the slope of the roadbed filling area; support piles, which are arranged at the junction of the roadbed filling area and the abutment backfill area, and pass through the roadbed filling area and the abutment backfill area in sequence from bottom to top, and a sleeper beam is provided on the top of the support pile; the abutment slab, one end of which is overlapped and fixed on the bottom surface of the corbel of the abutment, and the other end is overlapped and fixed on the sleeper beam; a transition section, which is arranged above the abutment backfill area, connected and fixed to the end of the abutment slab away from the abutment, the transition section is stepped down in the direction away from the abutment, and grouting holes are provided inside; a pavement layer, which covers the upper surface of the abutment slab, the transition section and the roadbed filling area.

[0006] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a bridge slab anchoring bar is further included, one end of which is embedded in the top of the corbel of the abutment, and the other end extends into the abutment slab to fix the abutment slab.

[0007] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a tie rod is further included, one end of which is embedded in the end of the abutment slab and the other end extends into the transition section, for connecting and fixing the transition section and the abutment slab.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, oil felt is further included, and the top surfaces of the abutment corbels and the top surfaces of the bolsters are fixedly paved with oil felt.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, a geogrid is further included, which is laid on the top surface of the transition step and extends into the pavement layer for bidirectional tensioning.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pavement layer includes a water-stable base layer and three asphalt concrete surface layers.

[0011] According to the construction method of the second embodiment of the present invention, the construction steps include:

[0012] S1. Abutment construction: Build the abutments and embed anchor reinforcement bars on the top of the abutment brackets;

[0013] S2. Backfilling: Backfill the abutment with permeable material in layers until the bottom of the abutment slab is reached.

[0014] S3. Roadbed filling: Fill the roadbed in layers in the continuation section of the platform backfill area until the top layer of the roadbed is reached;

[0015] S4. Support pile construction: Drill support piles in the abutment backfill area and the roadbed fill area. The bottoms of the support piles are embedded in the bearing layer, and the tops of the support piles extend to the bottom of the bolster.

[0016] S5. Construction of the corbel: Cast reinforced concrete corbels on top of the support piles. The top elevation of the corbels should be flush with the bottom of the abutment slab.

[0017] S6. Oil felt laying: Dry-lay a layer of oil felt on the top surface of the abutment corbels and bolsters and secure them;

[0018] S7. Sheet installation: Install reinforced concrete abutment sheeting on the abutment corbels and bolsters, with the sheeting anchor bars extending into the abutment sheeting;

[0019] S8. Pre-embedded tie rods: Tie rods for connecting the transition sections are pre-embedded in the middle of the abutment slab end away from the bridgehead.

[0020] S9. Transition section construction: A stepped reinforced concrete transition section will be constructed on the side of the abutment slab away from the bridgehead. Tie rods will be inserted into the transition section, and grouting holes will be provided inside the transition section.

[0021] S10. Grouting and compaction: Pressure grouting is performed through the grouting holes to eliminate the void area at the bottom of the transition section;

[0022] S11. Geogrid Installation: Geogrids are fixedly installed on the top surface of the transition step. The other end of the geogrid extends into the pavement structure to achieve bidirectional tension.

[0023] S12. Pavement Layer Construction: The pavement layer, consisting of a water-stabilizing layer and an asphalt concrete layer, shall be laid in layers on the surface of the abutment slabs, transition sections, and roadbed fill areas.

[0024] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in S1, the abutment is a gravity U-shaped structure; and / or, in S2, the loose thickness of each layer of the layered backfill is 100-200 mm, and the compaction degree is not less than 96%; and / or, in S3, the compaction degree of the layered backfill is not less than 96%.

[0025] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in S1, the anchoring length of the slab anchor bar is not less than 300 mm; in S8, the tie rod's tie length is not less than 300 mm.

[0026] According to some embodiments of the present invention, in S9, the transition section is as wide as the abutment slab, a 20 mm gap is reserved between the transition section and the abutment slab and is densely blocked with asphalt hemp, and the grouting holes are formed by hollow steel pipes pre-buried in the transition section; and / or, in S10, the water-to-binder ratio of the slurry in the grouting holes is 0.25-0.30, and the fluidity is 10-20s.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a bridge abutment slab structure for preventing vehicle jumping at a bridge head has at least the following technical effects: by setting support piles at the junction of the roadbed filling area and the abutment backfill area and installing a sleeper beam on the top, stable support can be provided for the abutment slab, reducing the compression deformation of the soil in the abutment backfill area, and effectively controlling the settlement difference.

[0028] The anchor bars of the bridge slab are embedded in the abutment corbel and extend into the abutment slab. The tie rods connect the abutment slab and the transition section, so that the structural components form a solid whole and improve the structural connection strength.

[0029] The installation of oil felt reduces the friction stress between the trestle and the abutments and sleepers, avoiding the loosening and voiding of the trestle due to stress concentration, and ensuring the stability of the structure under long-term vehicle loads.

[0030] The stepped transition section is connected to the abutment slab, and grouting is carried out through grouting holes to ensure that the bottom is dense. Combined with the geogrid installed inside, the vehicle load can be smoothly and continuously transferred from the abutment slab to the road surface layer, effectively improving the transition effect of the bridge head area and significantly enhancing driving comfort and safety.

[0031] Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description which follows, or may be learned by practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Reference numerals:

[0035] Abutment 1, slab anchor reinforcement 2, abutment backfill area 3, roadbed filling area 4, support piles 5, sleeper beam 6, asphalt felt 7, abutment slab 9, tie rod 10, transition section 11, grouting hole 12, geogrid 13, pavement layer 14. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0038] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0039] Reference Figure 1An embodiment of the present invention provides an abutment slab structure for preventing vehicle jumping at a bridge head, including an abutment 1, a roadbed filling area 4, an abutment backfill area 3, support piles 5, an abutment slab 9, a transition section 11, and a pavement layer 14.

[0040] A corbel is provided on the top of the abutment 1 , and a plate anchoring bar 2 is embedded in the position of the corbel where the plate is to be placed, and the other end of the anchoring bar extends into the abutment plate 9 to fix the abutment plate 9.

[0041] The roadbed filling area 4 is spaced apart from the abutment 1 and has a slope inclined away from the abutment 1 ; the abutment backfill area 3 is filled between the abutment 1 and the roadbed filling area 4 and covers the slope of the roadbed filling area 4 .

[0042] The support piles 5 are set at the junction of the roadbed filling area 4 and the platform backfill area 3, and pass through the roadbed filling area 4 and the platform backfill area 3 from the bottom to the top. A pillow beam 6 is set on the top of the support piles 5.

[0043] One end of the abutment plate 9 is overlapped and fixed on the bottom surface of the corbel of the abutment 1, and the other end is overlapped and fixed on the bolster 6. Preferably, the top surface of the corbel of the abutment 1 and the top surface of the bolster 6, which are used to place the abutment plate 9, are fixedly paved with oil felt 7.

[0044] A tie rod 10 is pre-buried at one end of the abutment slab 9 away from the abutment 1 , and the other end of the tie rod 10 extends into the transition section 11 for connecting and fixing the transition section 11 and the abutment slab 9 .

[0045] The transition section 11 is arranged above the abutment backfill area 3 and is fixedly connected to the end of the abutment slab 9 away from the abutment 1. The transition section 11 is in a step-like shape that gradually descends in the direction away from the abutment 1, and a grouting hole 12 is arranged inside.

[0046] The pavement layer 14, covering the upper surface of the abutment slab 9, transition section 11, and subgrade fill area 4, comprises a water-stable base layer and three asphalt concrete surface layers. A geogrid 13 is laid on the stepped top surface of transition section 11, with its other end extending into the pavement layer 14 for bidirectional tensioning.

[0047] The abutment slab 9 structure for preventing vehicle jumping at the bridge head provided in an embodiment of the present invention is adopted. By setting support piles 5 at the junction of the roadbed filling area 4 and the abutment backfill area 3 and installing a sleeper beam 6 on the top, stable support can be provided for the abutment slab 9, reducing the compression deformation of the soil in the abutment backfill area 3 and effectively controlling the settlement difference.

[0048] The bridge slab anchoring bars 2 are embedded in the corbel of the abutment 1 and extend into the abutment slab 9. The tie rods 10 connect the abutment slab 9 and the transition section 11, so that the various structural components form a solid whole, thereby improving the structural connection strength.

[0049] The provision of the oil felt 7 reduces the friction stress between the scaffolding and the abutment 1 and the bolster 6, avoiding the scaffolding loosening and falling off due to stress concentration, and ensuring the stability of the structure under long-term vehicle loads.

[0050] The stepped transition section 11 is connected to the abutment slab 9, and grouting is performed through the grouting holes 12 to ensure that the bottom is dense. Combined with the geogrid 13 arranged inside, the vehicle load can be smoothly and continuously transferred from the abutment slab 9 to the pavement layer 14, effectively improving the transition effect of the bridge head area and significantly enhancing driving comfort and safety.

[0051] The present invention also provides a method for constructing abutment slabs to prevent vehicle jumping at a bridge head, and the construction steps are as follows:

[0052] S1. Abutment construction: Build abutment 1 and embed the slab anchor reinforcement 2 on the top of the corbel of abutment 1.

[0053] Abutment 1 utilizes a C30 gravity-type rubble concrete U-shaped abutment constructed using a cast-in-place process. First, precise measurements and layout were performed according to the design drawings to determine the location and dimensions of Abutment 1. Formwork was then cast in sections and layers, with each layer height controlled within a reasonable range to ensure the density and uniformity of the concrete. During wall construction, the tension bolt holes within 10 cm of the inner wall surface were sealed with No. 7.5 mortar, and the remaining area was filled with asphalt hemp.

[0054] At the location of the corbel at the top of the abutment 1 where the slat is to be placed, ¢30 threaded steel bars are pre-embedded as slat anchor bars 2 in accordance with design requirements. The other end of the steel bar will extend into the slat structure when the abutment slat 9 is subsequently installed. The anchor lengths at both ends are kept above 300mm each, with a spacing of 300mm to achieve a firm connection between the abutment 1 and the abutment slat 9.

[0055] S2. Backfilling the abutment: Backfill the abutment 1 with permeable materials in layers until the bottom of the abutment slab 9 is reached.

[0056] Within the designated backfill area (Z3) behind the abutment, backfill will be carried out in layers using materials with high permeability and low plastic deformation, extending to the bottom elevation of the abutment slab. For areas below the groundwater level, graded gravel will be used as the backfill material; for areas above the groundwater level, other permeable materials will be used. Before backfilling, the bearing capacity of the backfill base must be ensured to meet the design requirements. If unfavorable geological conditions exist, replacement and compaction measures must be implemented. Backfill can only be carried out after passing the bearing capacity test. The backfill area (Z3) behind the abutment is defined as follows: the backfill height reaches below the pavement subbase, with the bottom of the foundation pit as the starting layer. Along the alignment, the top edge must be at least 2 meters from the end of the wing wall, and the bottom edge must be at least 2 meters from the inner edge of the abutment foundation. A 1m wide and 1m high step should be constructed upwards. During the backfill process, an 18t heavy-duty roller will be used for compaction. In areas near the structure edge where heavy machinery is not feasible, manual tamping machines will be used for compaction. The loose thickness of each layer is controlled at 100-150mm (can be relaxed to 200mm when compacted by heavy rollers), and the compaction degree is strictly controlled. The compaction degree within the depth range of 0-800mm below the top surface of the roadbed is not less than 96%, and the compaction degree from 800mm to the base of the fill is not less than 95%. The backfill quality is ensured by testing methods such as sand injection method.

[0057] S3. Roadbed filling: Fill the roadbed in layers in the 3rd section of the platform backfill area until the top layer of the roadbed.

[0058] In the continuation of the abutment backfill area 3, the roadbed is simultaneously constructed in layers using qualified materials until the top layer. During construction, each layer must meet compaction requirements, with a particular focus on achieving a minimum compaction of 96% within the depth range of 0 to 800 mm below the roadbed top surface. Geogrids 13 are installed to reinforce weak areas, such as the cut-and-fill area and the cut-and-fill interface. By placing the geogrids 13 in appropriate locations and tightly integrating them with the soil, they enhance the overall stability of the soil, effectively reduce differential settlement, and safeguard the overall performance of the roadbed.

[0059] S4. Support pile construction: Drill support piles 5 in the platform backfill area 3 and the roadbed filling area 4. The bottom of the support piles 5 is embedded in the bearing layer, and the top of the support piles 5 reaches the bottom of the bolster 6.

[0060] In the platform backfill area 3 and the roadbed fill area 4, support piles 5 are used, including powder injection piles, sand piles, and cement mixing piles. A typical pile diameter is 500mm, and the spacing between piles is 300mm. During construction, the bottoms of the support piles 5 are ensured to be accurately embedded in the bearing layer below the existing ground surface, and the tops of the piles are constructed to the bottom elevation of the corbel 6. During construction, the verticality and depth of the piles are strictly controlled to ensure that the bearing capacity of the support piles 5 meets the design requirements and provides reliable support for subsequent structures.

[0061] S5. Construction of the sleeper beam: A reinforced concrete sleeper beam 6 is cast in a counter-groove on top of the support pile 5. The top elevation of the sleeper beam 6 is flush with the bottom of the abutment slab 9.

[0062] After the support piles 5 are constructed and their strength meets the design requirements, a counter-grooving is performed on the top of the support piles 5 to construct the reinforced concrete corbel 6. The corbel 6 is made of 1200mm*1200mm⊥-shaped C35 reinforced concrete and is set along the width of the slab.

[0063] S6. Laying of oil felt: Lay a layer of dry-type oil felt 7 on the top surface of the abutment 1 corbel and the bolster 6 and secure them.

[0064] Commercially available waterproof felt 7 is dry-laid on the top surfaces of the abutment 1 corbels and the top surfaces of the bolsters 6. During installation, ensure that the felt 7 is smooth and wrinkle-free. Cement nails or adhesives can be used to secure the felt 7 to prevent it from shifting during subsequent construction. This effectively reduces friction between the abutment cladding 9 and the abutment 1 corbels and bolsters 6, avoiding stress concentration caused by friction.

[0065] S7. Installation of the bridge slab: Install the reinforced concrete bridge slab 9 on the corbel of the abutment 1 and the bolster 6, and extend the bridge slab anchor bars 2 into the bridge slab 9.

[0066] The abutment slab 9 is constructed using 400mm thick, 6m or 8m long C35 reinforced concrete and is cast in-situ using a formwork-supported cast-in-place process. During installation, one end of the slab 9 is overlapped on the abutment 1 corbel, ensuring that the pre-embedded slab anchor bars 2 are accurately inserted into the slab 9. The anchor length is at least 300mm, ensuring the connection strength between the abutment 1 and the slab 9. The other end is overlapped on the bolster 6. The slab's position and elevation are adjusted to ensure the flatness of its top surface meets design requirements, ensuring that the slab 9 is securely attached to the abutment 1 corbel and bolster 6.

[0067] S8. Pre-embedded tie rods: In the middle of the end of the abutment slab 9 away from the bridge head, pre-embed the tie rods 10 used to connect the transition section 11.

[0068] Tie rods 10 are embedded in the middle of the abutment decking 9, away from the bridgehead, to connect the transition section 11. Tie rods 10 are constructed of 60mm thick threaded steel bars and are at least 600mm long. Tie rods are secured at each end with a minimum length of 300mm and a spacing of 300mm.

[0069] S9. Transition section construction: A stepped reinforced concrete transition section 11 is set on the side of the abutment slab 9 away from the bridge head. The tie rods 10 extend into the transition section 11, and grouting holes 12 are set inside the transition section 11.

[0070] Transition section 11 is constructed of 300mm thick, 2m long, stepped C35 reinforced concrete, the same width as the abutment slab 9. Construction also utilizes cast-in-place formwork. During construction, the formwork is first installed, and then precisely formed according to the designed stepped shape to ensure the geometric dimensions of transition section 11 meet the requirements. Tie rods 10, pre-embedded in the ends of abutment slab 9, are then extended into transition section 11, effectively connecting the two. A 20mm gap is maintained between transition section 11 and abutment slab 9, which is sealed and compacted with asphalt hemp to accommodate structural deformation and prevent damage due to temperature fluctuations, vehicle loads, and other factors.

[0071] S10. Grouting and compaction: Perform pressure grouting through the grouting holes 12 to eliminate the void area at the bottom of the transition section 11.

[0072] Inside the transition section 11, ¢5 hollow steel pipes were pre-buried to form grouting holes 12, with three holes located on the left, center, and right sides of the middle section of the transition section 11. Once construction of the transition section 11 was complete and the concrete strength met the design requirements, specialized grouting equipment was used for downward pressure grouting. HT500 pipe grouting material was used, with a water-cement ratio between 0.26 and 0.28 and a fluidity of 10 to 17 seconds per second. After 30 minutes, the fluidity was no more than 20 seconds per second. During the grouting process, if grout seepage occurred in the transition section 11 area, the pressure was increased to 0.8 MPa and maintained steady for 2 minutes before the grouting equipment was shut down. This ensured that the grouting eliminated any voids at the bottom of the transition section 11, ensuring a tight connection between the transition section 11 and the substructure, enhancing overall structural stability.

[0073] S11. Grid laying: A geogrid 13 is fixedly laid on the top surface of the transition section 11 step. The other end of the geogrid 13 is used to extend into the pavement structure layer to achieve bidirectional tensioning.

[0074] A commercially available bidirectional geogrid 13 is selected and fixed at one end to the top surface of the transition section 11 step. During installation, ensure that the geogrid 13 is flat and straight, without wrinkles or twists. The other end is extended into the pavement structure layer for bidirectional tensioning, ensuring that each end extends 1500mm. Through anchoring and compaction, the geogrid 13 is tightly connected to the soil, achieving a bidirectional tensioning effect, strengthening the integrity between the pavement structure and the transition section 11, and further reducing road settlement and deformation.

[0075] S12. Pavement layer construction: A pavement layer 14 comprising a water-stabilizing layer and an asphalt concrete layer is laid in layers on the surface of the abutment slab 9, the transition section 11, and the roadbed filling area 4.

[0076] After the abutment slab 9, transition section 11, and roadbed fill area 4 are completed and accepted, the pavement layer 14 is constructed in layers according to design requirements. First, the cement-stable base layer is laid, controlling its thickness and compaction to ensure its flatness and strength meet design standards. Next, the lower, middle, and upper layers of asphalt concrete are laid. During the paving process, the temperature, paving speed, and rolling process are strictly controlled, ensuring that the compaction of each layer meets design requirements. This ensures that the pavement layer 14 is tightly integrated with the substructure, forming a smooth, solid road surface and effectively preventing vehicle bouncing at the bridgehead.

[0077] Throughout this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" indicate that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, illustrative uses of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0078] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A bridge abutment slab structure for preventing vehicle jumping at a bridge head, characterized in that: include: Abutment (1), with a corbel on top; A roadbed filling area (4) is spaced apart from the abutment (1) and has a slope inclined in a direction away from the abutment (1); A backfill area (3) is filled between the abutment (1) and the roadbed filling area (4), and covers the slope of the roadbed filling area (4); Support piles (5) are arranged at the junction of the roadbed filling area (4) and the platform backfill area (3), and pass through the roadbed filling area (4) and the platform backfill area (3) in sequence from the bottom upwards, and a pillow beam (6) is arranged on the top of the support piles (5); A bridge abutment slab (9), one end of which is overlapped and fixed on the bottom surface of the corbel of the bridge abutment (1), and the other end of which is overlapped and fixed on the bolster (6); A transition section (11) is provided above the abutment backfill area (3) and is connected and fixed to an end of the abutment slab (9) away from the abutment (1). The transition section (11) is in a step-like shape that descends step by step in a direction away from the abutment (1) and is provided with grouting holes (12) therein. The pavement layer (14) covers the upper surface of the abutment slab (9), the transition section (11), and the roadbed filling area (4).

2. The abutment slab structure for preventing vehicle jumping at a bridge head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a bridge slab anchoring bar (2), one end of which is pre-buried in the top of the corbel of the abutment (1), and the other end of which extends into the abutment slab (9) to fix the abutment slab (9).

3. The abutment slab structure for preventing vehicle jumping at a bridge head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a tie rod (10), one end of which is pre-buried in the end of the abutment slab (9), and the other end extends into the transition section (11), and is used to connect and fix the transition section (11) and the abutment slab (9).

4. The abutment slab structure for preventing vehicle jumping at a bridge head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes oil felt (7), and the top surface of the bridge abutment (1) corbel and the top surface of the bolster (6) are both fixedly paved with the oil felt (7).

5. The abutment slab structure for preventing vehicle jumping at a bridge head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes a geogrid (13) laid on the stepped top surface of the transition section (11) and extending into the pavement layer (14) for bidirectional tensioning.

6. The abutment slab structure for preventing vehicle jumping at a bridge head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pavement layer (14) comprises a water-stable base layer and three layers of asphalt concrete surface layers.

7. A method for constructing abutment slabs to prevent vehicle jumping at a bridge head, based on any structure described in claims 1-6, characterized in that The following steps are involved: S1. Abutment construction: construct the abutment (1), and embed the anchor reinforcement (2) on the top of the bracket of the abutment (1); S2. Backfilling the abutment: Backfill the abutment (1) with permeable material in layers until the bottom of the abutment slab (9); S3. Roadbed filling: Fill the roadbed in layers in the continuation section of the platform backfill area (3) until the top layer of the roadbed; S4. Support pile construction: Drill support piles (5) in the platform backfill area (3) and the roadbed filling area (4), the bottom of the support pile (5) is embedded in the bearing layer, and the top of the support pile (5) is connected to the bottom of the pillow beam (6); S5. Construction of the pillow beam: In the top of the support pile (5), a reinforced concrete pillow beam (6) is cast in the reverse groove. The top elevation of the pillow beam (6) is flush with the bottom of the abutment slab (9); S6. Oil felt laying: Lay a layer of oil felt (7) on the top surface of the abutment (1) corbel and bolster (6) and fix it; S7. Installation of the bridge abutment: A reinforced concrete bridge abutment ... S8. Pre-embedded tie rods: In the middle of the end of the abutment slab (9) away from the bridge head, pre-embedded tie rods (10) for connecting the transition section (11); S9. Construction of transition section: a stepped reinforced concrete transition section (11) is provided on the side of the abutment slab (9) away from the bridge head, a tie rod (10) extends into the transition section (11), and a grouting hole (12) is provided inside the transition section (11); S10. Grouting and compaction: Pressure grouting is performed through the grouting hole (12) to eliminate the void area at the bottom of the transition section (11); S11. Grid laying: A geogrid (13) is fixedly laid on the top surface of the step in the transition section (11). The other end of the geogrid (13) is used to extend into the pavement structure layer to achieve bidirectional tensioning; S12. Pavement layer construction: The pavement layer (14) comprising a water-stabilizing layer and an asphalt concrete layer is laid in layers on the surface of the abutment slab (9), transition section (11) and roadbed filling area (4).

8. The construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S1, the abutment (1) is a gravity-type U-shaped structure; and / or, in S2, the loose thickness of each layer of layered backfill is 100-200 mm, and the compaction degree is not less than 96%; And / or, in S3, the compaction degree of layered filling is not less than 96%.

9. The construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S1, the anchoring length of the slab anchoring bar (2) is not less than 300 mm; in S8, the tie rod (10) has a tie length of not less than 300 mm.

10. The construction method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S9, the transition section (11) is as wide as the abutment slab (9), a gap of 20 mm is reserved between the transition section (11) and the abutment slab (9) and is densely plugged with asphalt hemp, and the grouting hole (12) is formed by pre-buried hollow steel pipes in the transition section (11); And / or, in S10, the water-binder ratio of the slurry in the grouting hole (12) is 0.25-0.30, and the fluidity is 10-20s.

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