Longitudinal segmented assembly type scissor ladder

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of scissor stairs, and particularly relates to a staggered-peak occlusion type assembly scissor ladder which comprises a first upper stair. The stair is characterized by further comprising a second upper stair arranged on one side of the first upper stair, a first lower stair section arranged at the bottom of the second upper stair and a second lower stair section arranged at the bottom of the first upper stair. The upper stair building section is arranged at one end of the first upper stair and one end of the second upper stair, the lower stair building section is arranged at the other end of the first upper stair and the other end of the second upper stair, and a plurality of first bolt embedded parts are fixed to the surfaces of the upper stair building section and the lower stair building section; the transportation and installation feasibility and efficiency are improved, after longitudinal segmentation, the size and weight of a single component are remarkably reduced, installation can be conducted through a crane or a tower crane with the small tonnage, the requirement for large hoisting equipment is lowered, the equipment utilization rate and installation flexibility are improved, the installation process is faster and safer, and the construction cost is lowered. The device is especially suitable for construction sites with limited space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of scissor stairs, in particular to a longitudinally segmented assembled scissor ladder. Background Art

[0002] As an efficient space evacuation structure, scissor stairs, consisting of two intersecting and unconnected staircases, are widely used in high-rise buildings. However, traditional cast-in-place or prefabricated scissor stairs have significant drawbacks:

[0003] Excessive deadweight: Prefabricated, one-piece scissor stairs often exceed 5 meters in length, and their thickness must be increased to 120–150 mm to ensure load-bearing capacity. This results in a single piece weighing over 5 tons, placing extremely high demands on transportation, lifting equipment, and construction safety.

[0004] Complex construction: On-site formwork and cast-in-place require a large amount of manpower and wood, and the quality control of construction joints is difficult; and the integral prefabricated staircase cannot be installed when the tower crane coverage radius is insufficient, limiting its application in narrow sites or super-high-rise projects.

[0005] To reduce the weight of a single piece, segmented prefabrication has become the mainstream solution, but the existing technology still has key defects:

[0006] Horizontal segmentation: Splitting the staircase into two sections requires additional ladder beams and ladder columns for support, resulting in a loss of structural height, a decrease in aesthetics, and an increase in cost of approximately 10%;

[0007] Longitudinal segmentation scheme: Split into left and right halves along the center line of the stairs (each piece weighs about 2.3 tons). Although it avoids the need for additional supporting structures, it faces new problems: poor reliability of joints: dry connections (such as bolt anchoring) can easily lead to large deflection of the stair sections and cracking and water seepage at the joints; precision control is difficult: problems such as misalignment of anti-slip strips at the joints and height differences of steps occur frequently, requiring high-precision molds and strict construction management.

[0008] This invention is a prefabricated longitudinally segmented staircase designed to provide a simple, safe, and cost-effective construction method. This method eliminates the need for staircase floor support points and utilizes longitudinal segmentation, overlapping installation of the stair segments, and filling of the joints with high-strength grouting. This method effectively addresses challenges such as the difficulty of hoisting prefabricated segmented stairs, height differences at the joints, and insufficient overall stair support, thereby improving installation efficiency, overall integrity, and construction quality. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0010] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: the longitudinal segmented assembled scissors ladder of the present invention includes a first ascending staircase, and is characterized in that it also includes a second ascending staircase arranged on one side of the first ascending staircase, a first descending staircase arranged at the bottom of the second ascending staircase, a second descending staircase arranged at the bottom of the first ascending staircase, an upper ladder section arranged at one end of the first ascending staircase and the second ascending staircase, and a lower ladder section arranged at the other end of the first ascending staircase and the second ascending staircase;

[0011] A plurality of first bolt embedded parts are fixed on the surface of the upper ladder section and the lower ladder section, a plurality of second bolt embedded parts are fixed on the surface of the second lower stair section, a plurality of first embedded holes are opened on the surfaces of both ends of the first upper stair, the second upper stair, the first lower stair section and the second lower stair section and are adapted to the first bolt embedded parts, and a plurality of second embedded holes are opened on the surface of one side of the second upper stair and the first lower stair section and are adapted to the second bolt embedded parts.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a filling sand layer cast at the connection between the first and second lower stair sections and the upper and lower ladder sections, and a PE rod arranged at the connection between the first and second lower stair sections and the upper and lower ladder sections.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a sealant layer filled in the first lower stair section and the second lower stair section near the PE rod position, a fastening nut threadedly connected to the surface of the first bolt embedded part near the outer circumference of the lower ladder section, a sealing sand layer arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the first embedded hole, and a filling slurry layer arranged in the middle position of the inner cavity of the first embedded hole near the second lower stair section.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a plug-in component that acts on the first and second upper stairs, and the plug-in component includes a slot that passes through the two ends of the side of the second upper staircase, a limiting groove that is opened on one side of the first upper staircase, an insertion strip inserted between the slot and the limiting groove, a movable block arranged in the inner cavity of the insertion strip, and a threaded rod threadedly connected to the inner wall of the insertion strip at a position on one side of the movable block.

[0015] Preferably, the plug-in assembly also includes limit grooves opened on the inner wall of the insertion strip at the upper and lower ends of the movable block, a limit block slidably inserted in the inner cavity of the limit groove, a positioning groove opened inside the movable block, a positioning groove opened at one end of the movable block and a fastening bolt threadedly connected to the insertion strip extending from the outside of the second upper stair, and one side of the threaded rod is fixed to the surface of the positioning ring.

[0016] Preferably, the ends of the limit blocks that are close to each other are fixed to the surface of the movable block in the adjacent position, the fastening bolt passes through the insertion strip and is threadedly connected to the surface of the second upper staircase, and the threaded rod is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the movable block.

[0017] Preferably, the plug-in assembly also includes an insertion rod slidably inserted at the upper and lower ends of one side of the insertion strip, a positioning groove opened on the inner wall of the first upper staircase near the position of the insertion rod, an interference block fixed to one end of the insertion rod close to each other, a fixed rod fixed to the inner wall of the limiting groove on one side of the interference block, a sliding sleeve slidably sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the outer circumference of the fixed rod, a ring piece fixedly sleeved at the middle position of the outer circumference of the fixed rod, and a spring slidably sleeved on the outer circumference of the fixed rod at the upper and lower ends of the ring piece.

[0018] Preferably, one end of the spring is fixed to the surface of the adjacent sleeve, the other end of the spring is fixed to the surface of the adjacent ring, one side of the sleeve is fixed to the surface of the adjacent interference block, one side of the interference block is set as an inclined surface, and the upper and lower ends of one side of the movable block are set as inclined surfaces.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. This invention improves the feasibility and efficiency of transportation and installation. After longitudinal segmentation, the size and weight of individual components are significantly reduced, allowing installation with smaller cranes or tower cranes. This reduces the need for large lifting equipment, improves equipment utilization and installation flexibility, and makes the installation process faster and safer, especially at construction sites with limited space.

[0021] 2. The present invention improves the quality and precision of component manufacturing. The first and second embedded holes and the first and second embedded bolt parts can be accurately embedded and positioned in the factory, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of on-site connection and reducing uncontrollable factors such as on-site drilling and welding.

[0022] 3. This invention achieves efficient and reliable connection nodes: Bolted connections provide fast, secure temporary fixation and precise alignment during installation. The shear resistance provided by the bolts can effectively transmit horizontal shear forces (such as earthquake forces and thrust generated by crowd loads) between stair sections and between the stairs and the main structure. The grouting material can fully fill the gaps between the end faces of the stair sections and around the bolt holes, eliminating uneven contact surfaces. The hardened grouting material has high strength and can effectively transmit axial pressure (such as deadweight and vertical load) between the stair sections. The grouting material bonds the stair sections into a whole, significantly improving the stiffness and integrity of the connection node, making the stair section have the same stress-bearing performance as a cast-in-place staircase.

[0023] 4. The present invention improves construction efficiency and reduces on-site operations: the processes of hoisting, positioning, bolt tightening, and grouting are relatively clear and standardized, and are easy to operate and quality control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the lower end of the staircase component in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the upper end of the staircase component in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the plug-in assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 In the present invention Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure at center A;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of a local structure in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 In the present invention Figure 7 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B.

[0033] In the figure: 1. First ascending staircase; 2. Second ascending staircase; 3. First descending section; 4. Second descending section; 5. Upper ladder section; 6. Lower ladder section; 7. First bolt embedded part; 8. First embedded hole; 9. Second bolt embedded part; 10. Second embedded hole; 11. Spring; 12. Ring piece; 13. Fastening nut; 14. Sealing sand layer; 15. PE rod; 16. Filling sand layer; 17. Sealant layer; 18. Filling slurry layer; 19. Slot; 20. Insert; 21. Threaded rod; 22. Movable block; 23. Positioning groove; 24. Positioning ring; 25. Interference block; 26. Insert rod; 27. Positioning groove; 28. Limiting groove; 29. ​​Fixing rod; 30. Sleeve; 31. Fastening bolt; 32. Limiting block; 33. Limiting groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0035] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, a longitudinally segmented assembled scissor ladder according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a first ascending staircase 1, a second ascending staircase 2 provided on one side of the first ascending staircase 1, a first descending staircase 3 provided at the bottom of the second ascending staircase 2, a second descending staircase 4 provided at the bottom of the first ascending staircase 1, an upper ladder section 5 provided at one end between the first ascending staircase 1 and the second ascending staircase 2, and a lower ladder section 6 provided at the other end between the first ascending staircase 1 and the second ascending staircase 2;

[0036] A plurality of first bolt embedded parts 7 are fixed on the surface of the upper ladder section 5 and the lower ladder section 6, a plurality of second bolt embedded parts 9 are fixed on the surface of the second lower stair section 4, a plurality of first embedded holes 8 are opened on the surfaces of both ends of the first upper stair 1, the second upper stair 2, the first lower stair section 3 and the second lower stair section 4 and are compatible with the first bolt embedded parts 7, and a plurality of second embedded holes 10 are opened on the surface of one side of the second upper stair 2 and the first lower stair section 3 and are compatible with the second bolt embedded parts 9.

[0037] The main body of the device consists of two overlapping sections, a first ascending stair 1 and a second ascending stair 2, wherein bolts are embedded in the overlapping position of the second ascending stair 2 and the second descending stair section 4, and a second embedded hole 10 is provided corresponding to the overlapping position of the second ascending stair 2. Bolts are embedded on the surfaces of the upper stair section 5 and the lower stair section 6. First embedded holes 8 are provided at corresponding positions of the first ascending stair 1, the second ascending stair 2, the first descending stair section 3 and the second descending stair section 4. During assembly, the first descending stair section 3 and the second descending stair section 4 are hoisted first, and the first ascending stair 1 and the second ascending stair 2 are hoisted after the leveling and alignment of the first descending stair section 3 and the second descending stair section 4 are completed. When hoisting the first ascending stair 1 and the second ascending stair 2, holes are reserved to pass through the embedded bolts of the lower stair section. The hoisting is completed after leveling and alignment. After the hoisting is completed, the joints are sealed with fiber elastic tape, leaving only the gap between the platform and the top tread of the prefabricated stairs as a grouting opening.

[0038] This improves the feasibility and efficiency of transportation and installation: After longitudinal segmentation, the size and weight of individual components are significantly reduced, allowing installation with smaller cranes or tower cranes, reducing the need for large lifting equipment and improving equipment utilization and installation flexibility. The installation process is faster and safer, especially on construction sites with limited space. It also improves component quality and precision: Bolt holes and connectors can be precisely pre-positioned at the factory, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of on-site connections and reducing uncontrollable factors such as on-site drilling and welding.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, it also includes a filling sand layer 16 cast at the connection between the first lower stair section 3 and the second lower stair section 4 and the upper ladder section 5 and the lower ladder section 6, a PE rod 15 set at the connection between the first lower stair section 3 and the second lower stair section 4 and the upper ladder section 5 and the lower ladder section 6, a sealant layer 17 filled in the first lower stair section 3 and the second lower stair section 4 near the PE rod 15, a fastening nut 13 threadedly connected to the surface of the first bolt embedded part 7 near the outer circumference of the lower ladder section 6, a sealing sand layer 14 set at the top of the inner cavity of the first embedded hole 8 and a filling slurry layer 18 set at the middle position of the inner cavity of the first embedded hole 8 near the second lower stair section 4;

[0040] Connection of the upper and lower supports of the stair section: the first downstairs section 3 and the second downstairs section 4 are separated from the upper stair section 5 and the lower stair section 6 by extruded boards, and the closing is made by PE rod 15 plus a sealing layer 17. The upper end adopts a fixed support node, and the second downstairs section 4 and the first downstairs section 3 are connected with the reserved bolts by a filling slurry layer 18. The stair section is surrounded by a filling sand layer 16 as a leveling layer and sealing. The grouting material is poured into the first embedded hole 8 until the slurry covers the surface of the first bolt embedded part 7 and stops. After the slurry hardens, the remaining cavity is sealed with cement mortar, compacted and smoothed, and the lower end adopts a sliding support node in the form of a fixed nut and a gasket to facilitate the overall seismic resistance of the structure.

[0041] Achieve efficient and reliable connection nodes: Bolt connections provide fast, firm temporary fixation and precise alignment capabilities during the installation phase. The shear resistance provided by bolts can effectively transmit horizontal shear forces between stair sections and between stairs and main structures, such as earthquake forces and thrust generated by crowd loads. The grouting material can fully fill the gaps between the end faces of the stair sections and around the bolt holes, eliminating unevenness of the contact surface. The hardened grouting material has high strength and can effectively transmit axial pressures between stair sections, such as deadweight and vertical loads. The grouting material bonds the segmented stairs into a whole, significantly improving the stiffness and integrity of the connection nodes, so that the segmented stairs can achieve the stress performance of integral cast-in-place stairs.

[0042] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, it also includes a plug-in component that acts on the first upper stair 1 and the second upper stair 2, and the plug-in component includes a slot 19 that runs through the two ends of the side of the second upper stair 2, a limiting groove 28 that is opened on the side of one side of the first upper stair 1, an insert 20 inserted between the slot 19 and the limiting groove 28, a movable block 22 set in the inner cavity of the insert 20, a threaded rod 21 that is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the insert 20 and located at one side of the movable block 22, a limiting groove 33 that is opened on the inner wall of the insert 20 and located at the upper and lower ends of the movable block 22, and a sliding insert that is inserted in the limiting groove. The limiting block 32 in the inner cavity of the groove 33, the positioning groove 23 provided in the interior of the movable block 22, the positioning groove 23 provided at one end of the movable block 22, and the fastening bolt 31 threadedly connected to the insertion strip 20 and extending outside the second upper staircase 2, one side of the threaded rod 21 is fixed to the surface of the positioning ring 24, and the end of the limiting block 32 close to each other is fixed to the surface of the adjacent movable block 22, the fastening bolt 31 passes through the insertion strip 20 and is threadedly connected to the surface of the second upper staircase 2, and the threaded rod 21 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the movable block 22;

[0043] After the hoisting is completed, the inserting strip 20 can be inserted into the inner cavity of the slot 19 and the limiting groove 28, and the inserting strip 20 can be fixed by the threaded rod 21, and one corner of the hexagonal wrench is extended to the inside of the threaded rod 21 and the hexagonal wrench is twisted to make the threaded rod 21 rotate. Since the limit block 32 can only slide along the inner cavity of the limiting groove 33, it can limit the movement trajectory of the movable block 22, so that the movable block 22 can move in the horizontal direction under the cooperation of the threaded structure between the threaded rod 21 and the movable block 22, and the movement trajectory of the movable block 22 can be limited under the limiting action of the positioning ring 24 and the inner cavity of the positioning groove 23, so as to prevent the movable block 22 from detaching from the outer peripheral surface of the threaded rod 21.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the plug-in assembly also includes an insertion rod 26 slidably inserted at the upper and lower ends of one side of the insertion strip 20, a positioning groove 27 opened on the inner wall of the first upper stair 1 near the insertion rod 26, an interference block 25 fixed to one end of the insertion rod 26 close to each other, a fixed rod 29 fixed to the inner wall of the limiting groove 28 at one side of the interference block 25, a sliding sleeve 30 slidably sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the outer circumference of the fixed rod 29, a ring piece 12 fixedly sleeved at the middle position of the outer circumference of the fixed rod 29, and a spring 11 slidably sleeved on the outer circumference of the fixed rod 29 at the upper and lower ends of the ring piece 12, one end of the spring 11 is fixed to the surface of the adjacent position sliding sleeve 30, the other end of the spring 11 is fixed to the surface of the adjacent position ring piece 12, one side of the sliding sleeve 30 is fixed to the surface of the adjacent position interference block 25, one side of the interference block 25 is arranged in an inclined surface, and the upper and lower ends of one side of the movable block 22 are arranged in an inclined surface;

[0045] When the movable block 22 moves in the horizontal direction, the interference block 25 can move in the direction away from each other under the interference of the inclined surfaces of the two interference blocks 25, so that the insertion rod 26 can extend out of the outside of the insertion strip 20 and extend to the inside of the adjacent position positioning groove 27, thereby fixing the insertion strip 20, thereby ensuring stability when the first upper stair 1 and the second upper stair 2 are connected, and in the process of the insertion rod 26 being embedded in the positioning groove 27, the sliding sleeve 30 will stretch the adjacent position spring 11 to cause it to deform, so that when the movable block 22 moves away from the interference block 25, the interference block 25 and the insertion rod 26 can be reset under the action of the rebound force of the spring 11.

[0046] The above-mentioned front, back, left, right, up and down are all based on the Figure 1 As a benchmark, according to the person's observation perspective, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0047] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The foregoing embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed in the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A longitudinally segmented assembled scissor ladder, comprising a first ascending staircase (1), characterized in that: It also includes a second ascending staircase (2) arranged on one side of the first ascending staircase (1), a first descending staircase (3) arranged at the bottom of the second ascending staircase (2), a second descending staircase (4) arranged at the bottom of the first ascending staircase (1), an ascending staircase section (5) arranged at one end of the first ascending staircase (1) and the second ascending staircase (2), and a descending staircase section (6) arranged at the other end of the first ascending staircase (1) and the second ascending staircase (2); A plurality of first bolt embedded parts (7) are fixed on the surface of the upper ladder section (5) and the lower ladder section (6), a plurality of second bolt embedded parts (9) are fixed on the surface of the second lower stair section (4), a plurality of first embedded holes (8) are opened on the surfaces of both ends of the first upper stair (1), the second upper stair (2), the first lower stair section (3) and the second lower stair section (4) and are adapted to the first bolt embedded parts (7), and a plurality of second embedded holes (10) are opened on the surface of one side of the second upper stair (2) and the first lower stair section (3) and are adapted to the second bolt embedded parts (9).

2. A longitudinally segmented assembled scissor ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a filling sand layer (16) cast at the connection between the first lower stair section (3) and the second lower stair section (4) and the upper ladder section (5) and the lower ladder section (6), and a PE rod (15) arranged at the connection between the first lower stair section (3) and the second lower stair section (4) and the upper ladder section (5) and the lower ladder section (6).

3. The longitudinally segmented assembled scissor ladder according to claim 2, characterized in that: The invention also includes a sealing adhesive layer (17) filled at the position of the first lower stair section (3) and the second lower stair section (4) near the PE rod (15), a fastening nut (13) threadedly connected to the surface of the first bolt embedded part (7) near the outer peripheral surface of the lower ladder section (6), a sealing sand layer (14) arranged at the top of the inner cavity of the first embedded hole (8), and a filling slurry layer (18) arranged at the middle position of the inner cavity of the first embedded hole (8) near the second lower stair section (4).

4. The longitudinally segmented assembled scissor ladder according to claim 3, characterized in that: The invention also includes a plug-in assembly acting on the first ascending staircase (1) and the second ascending staircase (2), the plug-in assembly including a slot (19) extending through both ends of the side surface of the second ascending staircase (2), a fixing groove (28) provided on one side surface of the first ascending staircase (1), an inserting strip (20) inserted between the slot (19) and the fixing groove (28), a movable block (22) provided in the inner cavity of the inserting strip (20), and a threaded rod (21) threadedly connected to the inner wall of the inserting strip (20) at a position on one side of the movable block (22).

5. The longitudinally segmented assembled scissor ladder according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plug-in assembly further comprises a limiting groove (33) provided on the inner wall of the inserting strip (20) and located at the upper and lower ends of the movable block (22), a limiting block (32) slidably inserted into the inner cavity of the limiting groove (33), a positioning groove (23) provided inside the movable block (22), a positioning groove (23) provided at one end of the movable block (22), and a fastening bolt (31) threadedly connected to the inserting strip (20) and extending outside the second upper staircase (2), and one side of the threaded rod (21) is fixed to the surface of the positioning ring (24).

6. The longitudinally segmented assembled scissor ladder according to claim 5, characterized in that: One end of the limit block (32) close to each other is fixed to the surface of the adjacent movable block (22); the fastening bolt (31) passes through the insert (20) and is threadedly connected to the surface of the second upper staircase (2); and the threaded rod (21) is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the movable block (22).

7. The longitudinally segmented assembled scissor ladder according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plug-in assembly further comprises an insertion rod (26) slidably inserted at the upper and lower ends of one side of the insertion strip (20), a positioning groove (27) provided on the inner wall of the first upper staircase (1) near the insertion rod (26), a contact block (25) fixed to one end of the insertion rod (26) close to each other, a fixed rod (29) fixed to the inner wall of the limiting groove (28) and located on one side of the contact block (25), a sliding sleeve (30) slidably sleeved on the upper and lower ends of the outer peripheral surface of the fixed rod (29), a ring piece (12) fixedly sleeved at the middle position of the outer peripheral surface of the fixed rod (29), and a spring (11) slidably sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the fixed rod (29) and located at the upper and lower ends of the ring piece (12).

8. The longitudinally segmented assembled scissor ladder according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the spring (11) is fixed to the surface of the adjacent position sliding sleeve (30), the other end of the spring (11) is fixed to the surface of the adjacent position ring piece (12), one side of the sliding sleeve (30) is fixed to the surface of the adjacent position resistance block (25), one side of the resistance block (25) is set in an inclined surface, and the upper and lower ends of one side of the movable block (22) are set in an inclined surface.

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