Sliding type hydraulic support dustproof device

Abstract

The invention discloses a sliding type hydraulic support dustproof device which is used for dust treatment when a hydraulic support of a fully mechanized coal mining face descends and moves. The device comprises a dust receiving groove, a sliding mechanism, a composite material baffle, a flexible connecting assembly, a self-adaptive adjusting mechanism and an injection spraying device. The dust receiving groove is formed in the side part of the bracket and is used for collecting scattered dust; the sliding mechanism adopts a four-pulley trolley, a sliding rail and an electric / hydraulic winch to drive the baffle to move; interference is avoided through the flexible connecting assembly; the self-adaptive adjusting mechanism automatically adjusts the dip angle of the dust receiving groove; and the ejection spraying device promotes dust sedimentation. Through wide mining height adaptability, efficient dustproof performance, sliding mechanism stability, intelligent adjustment, installation and maintenance simplification, economic and social benefits and environment-friendly design, the performance and practicability of the sliding type hydraulic support dustproof device are remarkably improved; and an efficient and reliable technical solution is provided for fully mechanized coal mining face dust control and intelligent mine construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dust control in fully-mechanized mining working surfaces of coal mines, and specifically to a sliding hydraulic support dust prevention device, which is suitable for collecting and suppressing dust when the hydraulic support in the fully-mechanized mining working surface lowers its columns and moves its frames, providing a technical solution for improving the working environment, protecting the health of miners, and enhancing production safety. Background Art

[0002] Comprehensive mechanized coal mining (abbreviated as fully mechanized mining) is the mainstream technology in my country's coal mine production. It achieves efficient coal mining through processes such as coal cutting by coal shearers and lowering and moving hydraulic supports. However, the fully mechanized mining face generates a large amount of dust during the production process, especially respirable dust (particle size less than 7.1μm), which poses a serious threat to miners' health, production safety and equipment life. High concentrations of dust will reduce visibility in the working area, accelerate equipment wear, and increase the burden on the mine ventilation system. Therefore, the development of efficient dust control technology to reduce the dust concentration in the fully mechanized mining face has become a key issue that the coal mining industry urgently needs to solve.

[0003] In fully mechanized mining faces, hydraulic support column lowering and frame transfer is a major source of dust generation. During the hydraulic support column lowering and frame transfer process, coal and rock particles from adjacent support side joints are dispersed by wind flow and gravity, forming a high-concentration dust cloud that rapidly spreads to the work area and return airway, causing lasting impacts on personnel health and the production environment. Research has shown that the dust generation characteristics of hydraulic support column lowering and frame transfer are influenced by factors such as the physical and chemical properties of the coal and rock, mining height, support structure, and airflow conditions. For example, high mining heights (above 6 meters) result in greater dust emission and a wider range of distribution. The design of the support side joints directly influences the dust escape path. Therefore, coal mines both domestically and internationally commonly use dust control devices (such as spray dust suppression and dust curtains) to manage the dust generated by hydraulic support column lowering and frame transfer. Sliding hydraulic support dust control devices are widely used due to their simple structure and adaptability. These devices are typically located on the side of the hydraulic support, collecting scattered dust through dust collection troughs and baffles. They are then combined with a sliding mechanism to dynamically adjust to the support column lowering and frame transfer movements.

[0004] However, existing sliding hydraulic support dust prevention devices have significant shortcomings. First, their applicability is limited. Most current devices are designed for a fixed mining height range (for example, 6-8m). When the mining height is reduced (for example, during the initial and final mining periods) or exceeds the design range, the device is prone to extrusion deformation or failure. For example, a dust prevention device used on a fully-mechanized mining face with a mining height of 7m in a coal mine often interferes with the bottom of the dust collecting trough and the four-link hydraulic support when the mining height fluctuates, resulting in structural damage. Secondly, installation and disassembly are complicated. Existing devices mostly use rigid connections, and installation and disassembly take a long time (usually more than 1 hour), which is not conducive to rapid adjustment and maintenance, affecting production efficiency. Thirdly, the dust prevention effect is poor. The baffles of traditional devices are mostly made of metal or a single plastic material, which is heavy and easily corroded. Moreover, under high dust concentrations, the dust inside the dust collecting trough is difficult to settle quickly, resulting in secondary dust. In addition, existing devices lack intelligent adjustment functions and cannot automatically adjust the inclination angle or dust reduction parameters according to changes in mining height or dust characteristics. For example, the double-pulley trolley design often twists due to the lack of synchronization of the slide rails, affecting the stability of the device; the inclination angle of the dust collecting trough is fixed, and it is difficult to always keep it larger than the dust repose angle, resulting in dust accumulation and overflow.

[0005] To address these issues, recent research has attempted to improve sliding dust control devices. For example, some researchers have proposed using flexible materials to improve the bottom design of the dust collection trough to reduce the risk of interference. Others have proposed enhancing dust settling by adding a spray device. However, these improvements often focus on optimizing individual components and lack a systematic approach. For example, while the flexible bottom design can reduce interference, it does not address the torsion issue. While the spray device can reduce dust, its fixed spray parameters make it difficult to adapt to dynamic operating conditions. Furthermore, research on intelligent upgrades is still in its infancy. Existing devices often rely on manual operation, making adaptive adjustment and fault diagnosis difficult under varying mining heights. This limits their dust control effectiveness and widespread adoption. In summary, existing sliding hydraulic support dust control devices suffer from the following deficiencies in terms of applicability, dust control effectiveness, installation efficiency, and intelligence: First, they have poor adaptability to mining heights, making them prone to interference and damage; second, they are complex to install and disassemble, resulting in low efficiency; third, the baffles are made of a single material, resulting in limited dust settling effectiveness and a high risk of secondary dust emission; fourth, they lack intelligent adjustment capabilities, making them unable to dynamically adapt to changing operating conditions; and fifth, the sliding mechanism is unstable and prone to torsion. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing sliding hydraulic support dust prevention device in terms of mining height adaptability, dust prevention efficiency, installation and maintenance, and intelligence level, and to provide a sliding hydraulic support dust prevention device that can efficiently collect and suppress the dust generated by the lowering of columns and moving of the hydraulic support in the comprehensive mining working face, adapt to the mining height range of 4m to 10m, and support adaptive adjustment and intelligent operation.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A dust-proof device for a sliding hydraulic support, comprising:

[0009] The dust collecting trough is set on the side of the hydraulic support and located between two adjacent hydraulic supports to collect the dust scattered when the column is lowered and the frame is moved;

[0010] The sliding mechanism includes a slide rail, a four-pulley trolley and an inclined steel wire, and an electric winch or a hydraulic winch. The electric winch or the hydraulic winch is arranged at the top of the slide rail, and the four-pulley trolley is slidably arranged on the slide rail. One end of the inclined steel wire is connected to the four-pulley trolley, and the other end is connected to the electric winch or the hydraulic winch to drive the four-pulley trolley to move.

[0011] The baffle is made of a composite material and is connected between the top of the dust collecting trough and the four-pulley trolley to receive the dust falling from the top of the hydraulic support and prevent the dust from spreading outward;

[0012] The flexible connection assembly is arranged at the bottom and the top of the dust receiving trough and is used to prevent the dust receiving trough from interfering with the four-link rod of the hydraulic support.

[0013] Furthermore, the composite material baffle includes a fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material, which has the characteristics of light weight, corrosion resistance and high strength.

[0014] Furthermore, the flexible connection assembly includes an elastic sealing strip and a flexible gasket, the elastic sealing strip is arranged between the top of the dust receiving trough and the baffle, and the flexible gasket is arranged between the bottom of the dust receiving trough and the hydraulic support.

[0015] Furthermore, the dust-proof device of the sliding hydraulic support further includes an adaptive adjustment mechanism, and the adaptive adjustment mechanism includes:

[0016] A telescopic rod is provided between the slide rail and the side guard plate of the hydraulic support and is used to adjust the inclination angle of the dust collecting trough;

[0017] An angle sensor, mounted on the slide rail, for monitoring the inclination angle of the dust collecting trough in real time;

[0018] A control unit is in communication with the telescopic rod and the angle sensor, and automatically adjusts the length of the telescopic rod according to data from the angle sensor to keep the inclination angle of the bottom of the dust receiving trough greater than the repose angle of the dust.

[0019] Furthermore, the dust-proof device of the sliding hydraulic support also includes an ejection spray device, which is arranged at the end of the dust receiving groove. The ejection spray device sucks the dust-laden airflow through spray ejection to promote dust sedimentation.

[0020] Furthermore, the ejection spray device includes a nozzle and an ejection pipe, the spray pressure range of the nozzle is 0.5MPa to 2MPa, and the suction air volume range of the ejection pipe is 10m 3 / min to 30m 3 / min.

[0021] Furthermore, the control unit includes a fault diagnosis module for monitoring the operating status of the telescopic rod, the angle sensor and the four-pulley trolley, and issuing an alarm when an abnormality is detected.

[0022] Furthermore, the device is suitable for fully mechanized mining working faces with a mining height range of 4m to 10m. The dust collecting trough is U-shaped, and its width and height are adjusted according to the size of the hydraulic support.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. Wide mining and high adaptability

[0025] This device, with its adjustable dust collection trough and flexible connection assembly, is suitable for use in primary, final, and high-height mining conditions, covering a wide range of hydraulic support models. The U-shaped dust collection trough allows for flexible adjustment to accommodate varying support sizes, while the flexible connection assembly effectively prevents interference between the dust collection trough and the hydraulic support's four-link linkage. Compared to traditional devices limited to a fixed mining height range and prone to extrusion, deformation, or damage, this device significantly improves applicability and stability, extends service life, and reduces replacement frequency due to changes in mining height.

[0026] 2. High efficiency dustproof performance

[0027] The device uses a baffle made of fiber-reinforced resin-based composite materials, which are lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and high-strength. Compared with traditional metal or plastic baffles, it reduces the load on the sliding mechanism and improves operational stability. The baffle effectively absorbs dust falling from the top of the hydraulic support and blocks its outward diffusion. In conjunction with the induced spray device, it draws the dust-laden airflow through the spray induced spray, promoting rapid dust settling. Compared with the defects of traditional devices with limited dust prevention effects and the susceptibility to secondary dust, this invention significantly reduces the dust concentration in the working area, improves the breathing environment of miners, and reduces the risk of pneumoconiosis.

[0028] 3. Stability of sliding mechanism

[0029] The sliding mechanism utilizes a four-pulley trolley and diagonal steel wire design, coupled with an electric or hydraulic winch, replacing the traditional two-pulley trolley. The four-pulley design ensures synchronized sliding of the rails, eliminating the twisting problem caused by asynchronous movement of the two-pulley trolley. The diagonal steel wire precisely controls the movement of the trolley via the winch, ensuring that the baffle dynamically follows the bracket's lowering and shifting motion. Compared to traditional devices that suffer from unstable sliding and prone to jamming, this new system improves operational reliability, reduces maintenance requirements, and enhances the long-term stability of the device.

[0030] 4. Intelligent adjustment and fault diagnosis

[0031] The adaptive adjustment mechanism automatically adjusts the inclination angle of the dust collecting trough through the telescopic rod, angle sensor and control unit, keeping it greater than the dust repose angle to adapt to changes in mining height and fluctuations in dust characteristics. The fault diagnosis module of the control unit monitors the operating status of the telescopic rod, four-pulley trolley and angle sensor in real time, and issues an alarm in the event of an abnormality, facilitating rapid troubleshooting. Compared with the limitations of traditional devices that rely on manual adjustment of the inclination angle, cumbersome operation and large errors, the present invention achieves rapid response and high-precision adjustment, improves dust prevention efficiency and intelligence level, and provides technical support for the integration of intelligent comprehensive mining equipment.

[0032] 5. Simplify installation and maintenance

[0033] The flexible connection assembly optimizes the connection between the dust collection trough, baffle, and hydraulic support. Compared to traditional rigid connections, which are time-consuming and complex to install, this invention significantly shortens installation and removal time. The high elasticity and wear resistance of the flexible assembly ensure long-term durability and reduce maintenance costs. The modular design of the four-wheel trolley and slide rails allows for quick replacement and facilitates on-site maintenance. Compared to existing devices, which suffer from cumbersome maintenance and long downtime, this invention improves production efficiency and reduces the impact of production stoppages.

[0034] 6. Environmental friendliness and sustainable development

[0035] The energy-saving design of the composite baffle and ejector spray device reduces energy and water consumption. The flexible connection components are made of environmentally friendly and recyclable materials, meeting green manufacturing requirements. By reducing dust emissions, the device reduces the burden on the mine ventilation system during fully mechanized mining operations, indirectly reducing ventilation energy consumption and providing technical support for the sustainable development of coal mines. Compared to the limitations of traditional devices, which are high in resource consumption and inadequate in emission control, this invention offers significant advantages in terms of environmental protection and resource conservation.

[0036] To sum up, the present invention significantly improves the performance and practicality of the sliding hydraulic support dust prevention device through wide mining height adaptability, efficient dust prevention performance, sliding mechanism stability, intelligent adjustment, simplified installation and maintenance, economic and social benefits, and environmentally friendly design, and provides an efficient and reliable technical solution for dust control in comprehensive mining working surfaces and intelligent mine construction, which has important scientific value and engineering application prospects.

[0037] Other advantages, objects, and features of the present invention will be described in part in the following description and, in part, will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon examination of the following description or may be learned from practice of the present invention. The objects and other advantages of the present invention may be realized and obtained through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the dust prevention device of the sliding hydraulic support in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the dust prevention device of the sliding hydraulic support in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the dust prevention device of the sliding hydraulic support in the present invention.

[0042] Reference numerals: 1 - slide rail; 2 - spray device; 3 - baffle; 4 - dust collecting trough; 5 - electric winch; 6 - telescopic rod; 7 - angle sensor; 8 - inclined steel wire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention by means of specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0044] Among them, the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and represent only schematic diagrams rather than actual pictures, and should not be understood as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the accompanying drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the dimensions of actual products. For those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the accompanying drawings.

[0045] The same or similar numbers in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar parts; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. indicating directions or positional relationships, they are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, this embodiment provides a sliding hydraulic support dust control device suitable for dust control during hydraulic support column lowering and frame movement in fully mechanized mining working faces, with a mining height range of 4 to 10 meters. The device includes a dust collection trough 4, a sliding mechanism, a baffle 3, a flexible connection assembly, an adaptive adjustment mechanism, and a spray device 2.

[0048] A U-shaped dust collecting trough 4 is located on the side of the hydraulic support, between two adjacent hydraulic supports, to collect dust that is scattered when the columns are lowered and the supports are moved. Dust collecting trough 4 is made of high-strength aluminum alloy, and its width and height can be adjusted to the size of the hydraulic supports, suitable for mining heights of 4 to 10 meters.

[0049] The sliding mechanism consists of a slide rail 1, a four-pulley trolley, a cable-stayed steel wire 8, and an electric winch 5. The slide rail 1 is fixed to the side of the hydraulic support, is 2 meters long, and is made of stainless steel. The four-pulley trolley slides on the slide rail 1. Each pulley has a diameter of 50 mm and is wear-resistant and low-friction. The cable-stayed steel wire 8 is connected to the four-pulley trolley at one end and to the electric winch 5 at the top of the slide rail 1 at the other end. The winch drives the trolley, ensuring synchronized sliding of the slide rail 1 and preventing twisting. The electric winch 5 can be replaced with a hydraulic winch for high-humidity environments.

[0050] Baffle 3 is made of a fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material (glass fiber + epoxy resin), which is lightweight, corrosion-resistant, and high-strength. Connected between the top of the dust collecting trough 4 and the four-pulley trolley, it receives dust falling from the top of the hydraulic support and prevents its spread. Baffle 3 measures 1.5m x 0.8m and is 5mm thick.

[0051] The flexible connection assembly includes an elastic sealing strip and a flexible gasket. The elastic sealing strip (silicone rubber, 3mm thick) is installed between the top of the dust collecting trough 4 and the baffle 3 to ensure sealing. The flexible gasket (polyurethane, 5mm thick) is installed between the bottom of the dust collecting trough 4 and the hydraulic support to prevent interference with the four-link rod.

[0052] The adaptive adjustment mechanism includes a telescopic rod 6, an angle sensor 7, and a control unit. The telescopic rod 6 (hydraulically driven, with a travel range of 0-200mm) is positioned between the slide rail 1 and the hydraulic support side guard plate to adjust the inclination of the dust collection trough 4. The angle sensor 7 (with an accuracy of ±0.1°) is mounted on the slide rail 1 and monitors the inclination in real time. The control unit (PLC) communicates with the telescopic rod 6 and the angle sensor 7, automatically adjusting the length of the telescopic rod 6 based on sensor data to ensure that the inclination of the bottom of the dust collection trough 4 is greater than the dust repose angle (typically 30°-45°). The control unit includes a fault diagnosis module that monitors the status of the telescopic rod 6, the four-wheel trolley, and the angle sensor 7, and issues an audible and visual alarm in the event of an abnormality.

[0053] The spray device 2 is an ejector spray device, which is installed at the end of the dust receiving trough 4 and includes a nozzle and an ejector pipe. The nozzle spray pressure is 0.5-2MPa, the atomized particle size is 50-100μm; the ejector pipe suction air volume is 10-30m 3 / min, sucking dust-laden airflow and promoting dust sedimentation.

[0054] Example 2

[0055] This embodiment, based on Example 1, optimizes the sliding mechanism by replacing the electric winch 5 with a hydraulic winch to adapt to high-humidity environments. A dust cover is added to the four-pulley trolley to reduce dust intrusion into the pulley bearings. The dust collection trough 4 is adjusted to a width of 500 mm and a height of 400 mm, suitable for mining at a height of 6 m. The remaining structure is the same as Example 1.

[0056] Example 3

[0057] This embodiment, based on Example 1, adds remote monitoring functionality to the control unit. The control unit integrates a Wi-Fi module, which uploads angle sensor 7, four-pulley trolley, and fault diagnosis data to the cloud, enabling remote parameter adjustment and troubleshooting. The remaining structure is the same as in Example 1.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] This embodiment optimizes the spray device 2 based on the embodiment 1. The nozzle adopts an adjustable angle design (adjustment range 0°-45°), and the ejector pipe is equipped with a filter (pore size 0.5mm) to prevent large particles from clogging. The spray pressure is set to 1.5MPa and the suction air volume is 20m 3 / min, which is suitable for working conditions with high dust concentration. The other structures are the same as those in Example 1.

[0060] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the purpose and scope of the technical solutions, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust-proof device for a sliding hydraulic support, characterized in that: include: The dust collecting trough is set on the side of the hydraulic support and located between two adjacent hydraulic supports to collect the dust scattered when the column is lowered and the frame is moved; The sliding mechanism includes a slide rail, a four-pulley trolley and an inclined steel wire, and an electric winch or a hydraulic winch. The electric winch or the hydraulic winch is arranged at the top of the slide rail, and the four-pulley trolley is slidably arranged on the slide rail. One end of the inclined steel wire is connected to the four-pulley trolley, and the other end is connected to the electric winch or the hydraulic winch to drive the four-pulley trolley to move. The baffle is made of a composite material and is connected between the top of the dust collecting trough and the four-pulley trolley to receive the dust falling from the top of the hydraulic support and prevent the dust from spreading outward; The flexible connection assembly is arranged at the bottom and the top of the dust receiving trough and is used to prevent the dust receiving trough from interfering with the four-link rod of the hydraulic support.

2. The dust-proof device for a sliding hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite material baffle comprises a fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material.

3. The dust-proof device for a sliding hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible connection assembly includes an elastic sealing strip and a flexible gasket. The elastic sealing strip is arranged between the top of the dust receiving trough and the baffle, and the flexible gasket is arranged between the bottom of the dust receiving trough and the hydraulic support.

4. The dust-proof device for a sliding hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust-proof device of the sliding hydraulic support further includes an adaptive adjustment mechanism, which includes: A telescopic rod is provided between the slide rail and the side guard plate of the hydraulic support and is used to adjust the inclination angle of the dust collecting trough; An angle sensor, mounted on the slide rail, for monitoring the inclination angle of the dust collecting trough in real time; A control unit is in communication with the telescopic rod and the angle sensor, and automatically adjusts the length of the telescopic rod according to data from the angle sensor to keep the inclination angle of the bottom of the dust receiving trough greater than the repose angle of the dust.

5. The dust-proof device for a sliding hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dust-proof device of the sliding hydraulic support further comprises an ejection spray device, which is arranged at the end of the dust receiving groove. The ejection spray device sucks the dust-laden airflow through spray ejection to promote dust settling.

6. The dust-proof device for a sliding hydraulic support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The ejection spray device includes a nozzle and an ejection pipe. The spray pressure range of the nozzle is 0.5MPa to 2MPa, and the suction air volume range of the ejection pipe is 10m 3 / min to 30m 3 / min.

7. The dust-proof device for a sliding hydraulic support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The control unit includes a fault diagnosis module for monitoring the operating status of the telescopic rod, the angle sensor and the four-pulley trolley, and issuing an alarm when an abnormality is detected.

8. The dust-proof device of the sliding hydraulic support according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device is suitable for fully mechanized mining working faces with a mining height range of 4m to 10m. The dust collecting trough is U-shaped, and its width and height are adjusted according to the size of the hydraulic support.

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