Defect detection method and device for oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline

Abstract

The invention discloses a defect detection method and device for an oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline. Non-contact heating is carried out on the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline based on eddy current; performing infrared thermal image acquisition on the heated oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain an infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline; performing thermal imaging analysis on the infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain infrared image data; performing feature detection on the infrared image data to obtain infrared image features; and judging whether the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline has defects or not according to the infrared image features. The method is high in detection speed, simple to operate, non-contact and visual in detection result, Joule heat is generated in a detected object through eddy current excitation, detection errors caused by uneven reflection and illumination of the surface of a structure during traditional optical excitation are avoided, and the effect of rapidly and efficiently detecting the defects of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline repaired by the carbon fibers is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of detection technology, and specifically relates to a method and device for defect detection of oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines. Background Art

[0002] Carbon fiber composite materials have the advantages of crack resistance, high temperature resistance, good mechanical properties, and high elastic modulus. They can achieve strength repair of various defects in damaged pipes without affecting production. They have the advantages of no welding, no fire, no interruption of transportation, online, rapid repair, and safe operation. They avoid the risks of weld penetration, hydrogen embrittlement, and cold embrittlement that may occur when welding on serving pipelines. In recent years, they have been increasingly used in the reinforcement and repair of oilfield pipelines and storage tanks.

[0003] Due to their crack resistance, high temperature resistance, excellent mechanical properties, and high elastic modulus, carbon fiber composites can be used to repair various defects in damaged pipes without affecting production. These advantages include no welding, no fire, no interruption of pipeline operation, online, rapid repair, and safe operation. They avoid the risks of weld penetration, hydrogen embrittlement, and cold brittleness that can occur during welding on serving pipelines. In recent years, their use in the reinforcement and repair of oilfield pipelines and storage tanks has become increasingly widespread. However, over long periods of harsh service, factors such as the cracking medium, temperature, load, and external environment can cause defects in the steel matrix, the carbon fiber composite, and the carbon fiber composite-steel bonding interface. These defects significantly reduce structural performance and threaten structural safety.

[0004] Currently, a range of nondestructive testing (NDT) technologies are being researched for carbon fiber-reinforced steel structures, including carbon fiber repair of oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines. These include acoustic emission testing, ultrasonic testing, piezoelectric sensing, and antenna sensing. Acoustic emission testing is applicable to dynamic processes and is effective for detecting dynamic defects, but cannot be used to detect static defects. Ultrasonic testing is noisy and requires complex signal processing methods. Piezoelectric sensing and antenna sensing require effective coupling to detect results. Therefore, each of these NDT methods has its own shortcomings, and more effective NDT methods are still needed for defect detection in carbon fiber-reinforced steel structures.

[0005] Therefore, choosing a convenient and effective non-destructive testing technology to detect defects in carbon fiber reinforced steel structures is of great significance to ensure structural safety. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Based on the above problems, the embodiments of the present application provide a method and device for defect detection of oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0007] The present application embodiment discloses the following technical solution: The present application embodiment provides a method and device for defect detection of oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines, including:

[0008] Non-contact heating of oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines based on eddy current;

[0009] Collecting infrared thermal images of the heated oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain infrared thermal images of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline;

[0010] Performing thermal imaging analysis on the infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain infrared image data;

[0011] Performing feature detection on the infrared image data to obtain infrared image features;

[0012] It is determined whether the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline has defects based on the infrared image features.

[0013] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

[0014] A magnetic field is generated by energizing the coil based on high-frequency alternating current;

[0015] The eddy current is generated according to the magnetic field.

[0016] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

[0017] When the coil is energized, the coil is cooled synchronously so that the coil can be energized to generate a magnetic field.

[0018] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, generating the eddy current according to the magnetic field includes:

[0019] When the coil is energized, the coil is magnetically enhanced to enhance the magnetic field and generate enhanced eddy current.

[0020] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, the generating a magnetic field by energizing the coil based on high-frequency alternating current includes: changing an excitation parameter of the high-frequency alternating current so that the high-frequency alternating current is variable;

[0021] Generating the eddy current according to the magnetic field includes: generating a variable magnetic field based on a variable high-frequency alternating current to generate the eddy current.

[0022] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, the excitation parameter includes at least one of an excitation current setting value, an excitation frequency, an excitation duration, and a cooling duration.

[0023] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

[0024] An excitation power supply generates high-frequency alternating current according to an excitation current, wherein the high-frequency alternating current has adjustable excitation parameters. The excitation power supply is electrically connected to the coil to output the high-frequency alternating current to the coil.

[0025] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

[0026] The magnetic force exerted on the coil by a magnetic yoke is amplified to enhance the magnetic field, and the magnetic yoke is electrically connected to the coil through a wire.

[0027] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

[0028] The infrared thermal image of the heated oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline is collected based on an imaging device to obtain an infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline.

[0029] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, including:

[0030] A heating unit for contactless heating of oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines based on eddy currents;

[0031] An imaging device, used for collecting infrared thermal images of the heated oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain an infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline;

[0032] An imaging analysis unit, configured to perform thermal imaging analysis on the infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain infrared image data;

[0033] a feature detection unit, configured to perform feature detection on the infrared image data to obtain infrared image features;

[0034] The defect detection unit is used to determine whether the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline has defects based on the infrared image features.

[0035] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, including:

[0036] A heating unit for contactless heating of oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines based on eddy currents;

[0037] an infrared imaging instrument for collecting infrared thermal images of the heated oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain an infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline;

[0038] The detection host is used to perform feature detection on the infrared image data to obtain infrared image features, and the defect detection unit is used to determine whether the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline has defects based on the infrared image features.

[0039] The present invention discloses a method and device for defect detection of oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines, which comprises: performing non-contact heating of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline based on eddy currents; performing infrared thermal imaging on the heated oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain an infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline; performing thermal imaging analysis on the infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain infrared image data; performing feature detection on the infrared image data to obtain infrared image features; and judging whether the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline has defects based on the infrared image features. The present invention has a fast detection speed, is simple to operate, is non-contact, and provides intuitive detection results. By generating Joule heat inside the detection object through eddy current excitation, it avoids detection errors caused by reflection on the structural surface and uneven illumination during traditional light excitation, thereby achieving the effect of quickly and efficiently detecting defects in oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines repaired with carbon fiber. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a defect detection method for an oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline in Example 1 of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a defect detection device for an oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline in Example 2 of the present application;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a pulsed eddy current infrared thermal image of a steel matrix crack defect in Example 3 of the present application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a pulsed eddy current infrared thermal image of the debonding defect at the CFRP-steel bonding interface in Example 3 of the present application;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a pulsed eddy current infrared detection thermal image of a delamination defect in a CFRP material in Example 3 of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] Any technical solution of the embodiments of the present application does not necessarily need to achieve all of the above advantages at the same time.

[0047] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. First embodiment

[0048] Figure 1 A flow chart of a defect detection method for an oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0049] S101. Perform non-contact heating on oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines based on eddy currents.

[0050] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, a magnetic field is generated by energizing the coil based on high-frequency alternating current; and the eddy current is generated according to the magnetic field.

[0051] The high-frequency alternating current is alternating current that changes more than 10,000 times per second.

[0052] The coil refers to a ring-shaped wire winding, which is classified according to the winding structure: single-layer coil, multi-layer coil, honeycomb coil; and classified according to the properties of the magnetic conductor: air-core coil, ferrite coil, iron core coil, copper core coil.

[0053] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

[0054] While the coil is energized, it is simultaneously cooled to maintain its magnetic field. This cooling process includes natural cooling, air cooling, water cooling, and oil cooling. This cooled coil, after energization, prevents high temperatures due to Joule heating from affecting the accuracy of oil and gas pipeline defect detection.

[0055] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, generating the eddy current according to the magnetic field includes:

[0056] When the coil is energized, the coil is magnetically enhanced to enhance the magnetic field and generate enhanced eddy current.

[0057] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application,

[0058] The method of energizing the coil based on high-frequency alternating current to generate a magnetic field includes: changing the excitation parameters of the high-frequency alternating current so that the high-frequency alternating current is variable;

[0059] Generating the eddy current according to the magnetic field includes: generating a variable magnetic field based on a variable high-frequency alternating current to generate the eddy current.

[0060] The eddy current is generated based on the electromagnetic induction effect. When the magnetic field changes faster, the induced electromotive force becomes larger and the eddy current becomes stronger. The eddy current can heat the steel plate on the surface of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline, thereby achieving the purpose of heating.

[0061] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, the excitation parameter includes at least one of an excitation current setting value, an excitation frequency, an excitation duration, and a cooling duration.

[0062] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

[0063] An excitation power supply generates high-frequency alternating current according to an excitation current, wherein the high-frequency alternating current has adjustable excitation parameters. The excitation power supply is electrically connected to the coil to output the high-frequency alternating current to the coil.

[0064] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, the method further includes:

[0065] The magnetic force exerted on the coil by a magnetic yoke is amplified to enhance the magnetic field, and the magnetic yoke is electrically connected to the coil through a wire.

[0066] The magnetic yoke is a device made of ferromagnetic material used to concentrate and guide the magnetic field. It directs the magnetic field from the energized coil to the steel plate on the surface of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline, thereby enhancing the magnetic field's intensity. Using this yoke can help improve the sensitivity and accuracy of the circuit, making the eddy current more stable and reliable.

[0067] S102: Collect infrared thermal images of the heated oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain infrared thermal images of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline.

[0068] Optionally, in any embodiment of the present application, infrared thermal imaging is performed on the heated oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline based on an imaging device to obtain an infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline.

[0069] The infrared thermal imager collects light in the thermal infrared band (8μm-14μm) from the heated surface of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to detect thermal radiation emitted by the pipeline. The thermal imager converts this thermal radiation into grayscale values, using the differences in grayscale values ​​on the pipeline surface to create an image. After system processing, the image is converted into a thermal image of the pipeline, displayed in grayscale or pseudo-color, enabling the discovery and identification of pipeline defects.

[0070] S103: Perform thermal imaging analysis on the infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain infrared image data.

[0071] S104: Perform feature detection on the infrared image data to obtain infrared image features.

[0072] S105: Determine whether the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline has defects based on the infrared image features. Second embodiment

[0073] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a defect detection device for an oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline in Example 2 of this application. Figure 2 As shown, it includes: an excitation source 1, a water cooling device 2, an excitation coil 3, a magnetic yoke 4, an infrared thermal imager 5, a computer 6, and a carbon fiber repair oil and gas pipeline 7.

[0074] A heating unit for contactless heating of oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines based on eddy currents;

[0075] Specifically, in the present application, the heating unit includes an excitation source 1, a water cooling device 2, an excitation coil 3, and a magnetic yoke 4. Based on the high-frequency alternating current provided by the excitation source 1, the excitation coil 3 is energized to generate a magnetic field. The excitation source is a controllable power supply that can change excitation parameters such as the excitation current setting value, excitation frequency, and excitation duration. The excitation parameters of the excitation source are changed to generate a changing magnetic field through the coil. The excitation coil is placed on the surface of the carbon fiber repaired oil and gas gathering pipeline 7, and the magnetic yoke 4 is installed on the excitation coil. The magnetic yoke 4 is used to enhance the magnetic field to enhance eddy currents. The water cooling device 2 is connected to the excitation coil 3 through a cooling pipe, and is used to cool the coil before starting the excitation source.

[0076] Exemplarily, when the heating unit is started, the excitation source 1 is first connected to the water cooling device 2. The excitation source 1 is then electrically connected to the excitation coil 3 through a wire, and the excitation coil 3 is placed on the surface of the carbon fiber repaired oil and gas gathering pipeline 7, and the magnetic yoke 4 is installed on the excitation coil 3. When placing the excitation coil 3 and the magnetic yoke 4, it should be avoided to block the field of view of the red imaging device. The power plug of the excitation source 1 is inserted into the socket, and a transformed current is generated by setting the excitation parameters of the excitation source 1, and then a transformed magnetic field is generated through the excitation coil 3. After the transformed magnetic field is enhanced by the magnetic yoke 4, eddy currents are generated through the surface of the carbon fiber repaired oil and gas gathering pipeline 7 to perform non-contact heating of the oil and gas gathering pipeline.

[0077] An imaging device, used for collecting infrared thermal images of the heated oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain an infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline;

[0078] An imaging analysis unit, configured to perform thermal imaging analysis on the infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain infrared image data;

[0079] Specifically, in this embodiment, the imaging device can be an infrared thermal imager 5. In this embodiment, the imaging device includes an imaging analysis unit. The imaging device can convert infrared energy into a visible infrared thermal image. The different colors on the infrared thermal image represent different temperatures of the object being measured. By viewing the infrared thermal image, the overall temperature distribution of the oil and gas gathering pipeline 7 repaired by the carbon fiber can be observed, and the heating condition of the oil and gas gathering pipeline 7 repaired by the carbon fiber can be studied, so as to determine whether there are defects in the oil and gas gathering pipeline 7 repaired by the carbon fiber. The use of an imaging device is a passive, non-contact detection and identification of the target, so it has good concealment and is not easy to be discovered, making the operator of the infrared thermal imager safer and more effective, and has strong detection capabilities and a long range.

[0080] Exemplarily, when the infrared thermal imager 5 is started, an infrared thermal image of the carbon fiber repaired oil and gas gathering pipeline 7 is obtained after being heated by the heating unit, and the built-in imaging analysis unit of the infrared thermal imager 5 analyzes the infrared thermal image to obtain infrared image data.

[0081] a feature detection unit, configured to perform feature detection on the infrared image data to obtain infrared image features;

[0082] The defect detection unit is used to determine whether the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline has defects based on the infrared image features.

[0083] Specifically, in this embodiment, the feature detection unit may be a computer 6. In this embodiment, the feature detection unit includes a defect detection unit. The computer 6 may be used to record the excitation parameters of the excitation source, including the excitation current, excitation frequency, excitation duration, and cooling time, and to set the recording duration and storage information in the computer software.

[0084] For example, the computer 6 is connected to the infrared thermal imager 5 via a data line to ensure that the infrared image data transmitted by the infrared thermal imager 5 is received in real time. The image processing program is executed based on the defect detection unit built into the computer to obtain the detection result. Third embodiment

[0085] Figure 3 This is a pulsed eddy current infrared thermal image of a steel matrix crack defect in Example 3 of this application. Figure 3As shown, the detection mechanism for steel matrix crack defects is that the excitation power supply generates high-frequency alternating current based on the excitation current, which passes through the excitation coil to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic force exerted on the coil by the magnetic yoke amplifies the magnetic field, thereby enhancing the magnetic field. This magnetic field generates eddy currents on the surface of the pipeline steel plate under test, which generate Joule heating within the steel plate. The heat is then transferred from the surface to the interior of the steel plate. Since the crack defect is filled with air, no eddy currents are generated. Therefore, no Joule heating is generated in the crack area, resulting in a significantly lower surface temperature than the surrounding area. The crack defect appears as a low temperature in the infrared image.

[0086] Figure 4 This is a pulsed eddy current infrared thermal image of the debonding defect at the CFRP-steel bonding interface in Example 3 of this application. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the detection mechanism for debonding defects at the CFRP-steel interface is that the excitation power supply generates high-frequency alternating current based on the excitation current, which is passed through the excitation coil to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic force exerted on the coil by the magnetic yoke is amplified to enhance the magnetic field. This magnetic field generates eddy currents on the surface of the pipeline steel plate under test, which generate Joule heating within the steel plate. The heat is transferred from the steel plate to the CFRP surface. However, in the debonding defect area, the thermal conductivity of air is lower than that of the adhesive, resulting in poor thermal conductivity, which hinders heat transfer from the steel plate to the CFRP plate. Therefore, the debonding defect at the CFRP-steel interface appears as a low temperature in the infrared image.

[0087] Figure 5 This is a pulsed eddy current infrared thermal image of the delamination defect of the CFRP material in Example 3 of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the detection mechanism for CFRP delamination defects is that the excitation power supply generates high-frequency alternating current based on the excitation current, which passes through the excitation coil to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic force exerted on the coil by the magnetic yoke amplifies the magnetic field, thereby enhancing the magnetic field. This magnetic field generates eddy currents on the surface of the pipeline steel plate under test, transferring heat from the steel plate to the CFRP surface. However, in the delamination defect area, the thermal conductivity of air is lower than that of the CFRP plate, resulting in poor thermal conductivity, which hinders heat transfer from the CFRP interior to the CFRP surface. Consequently, CFRP delamination defects appear as low temperatures in infrared images.

[0088] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative, and some or all of them may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment. Those skilled in the art may understand and implement the present embodiment without inventive effort.

[0089] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A defect detection method for oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines, characterized in that: include: Non-contact heating of oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines based on eddy current; Collecting infrared thermal images of the heated oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain infrared thermal images of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline; Performing thermal imaging analysis on the infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain infrared image data; Performing feature detection on the infrared image data to obtain infrared image features; It is determined whether the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline has defects based on the infrared image features.

2. The defect detection method for oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: A magnetic field is generated by energizing the coil based on high-frequency alternating current; The eddy current is generated according to the magnetic field.

3. The defect detection method for oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: When the coil is energized, the coil is cooled synchronously so that the coil can be energized to generate a magnetic field.

4. The defect detection method for oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline according to claim 2, characterized in that: Generating the eddy current according to the magnetic field includes: When the coil is energized, the coil is magnetically enhanced to enhance the magnetic field and generate enhanced eddy current.

5. The defect detection method for oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method of energizing the coil based on high-frequency alternating current to generate a magnetic field includes: changing the excitation parameters of the high-frequency alternating current so that the high-frequency alternating current is variable; Generating the eddy current according to the magnetic field includes: generating a variable magnetic field based on a variable high-frequency alternating current to generate the eddy current.

6. The defect detection method for oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline according to claim 5, characterized in that: The excitation parameters include: at least one of an excitation current setting value, an excitation frequency, an excitation duration, and a cooling duration.

7. The defect detection method for oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method further comprises: An excitation power supply generates high-frequency alternating current according to an excitation current, wherein the high-frequency alternating current has adjustable excitation parameters. The excitation power supply is electrically connected to the coil to output the high-frequency alternating current to the coil.

8. The defect detection method for oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The magnetic force exerted on the coil by a magnetic yoke is amplified to enhance the magnetic field, and the magnetic yoke is electrically connected to the coil through a wire.

9. The defect detection method for oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises: The infrared thermal image of the heated oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline is collected based on an imaging device to obtain an infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline.

10. A defect detection device for oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines, characterized in that: include: A heating unit for contactless heating of oil and gas gathering and transportation pipelines based on eddy currents; An imaging device, used for collecting infrared thermal images of the heated oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain an infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline; An imaging analysis unit, configured to perform thermal imaging analysis on the infrared thermal image of the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline to obtain infrared image data; a feature detection unit, configured to perform feature detection on the infrared image data to obtain infrared image features; The defect detection unit is used to determine whether the oil and gas gathering and transportation pipeline has defects based on the infrared image features.

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