Submarine cable fault positioning method and device based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model, and medium

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of submarine cable detection, and discloses a submarine cable fault positioning method and device based on time difference analysis and a signal attenuation model, and a medium, and the method comprises the steps: 1, deploying a sensor for collecting data; 2, establishing a signal attenuation model to correct a positioning error; and step 3, extracting signal power at two ends of the submarine cable, calculating a power difference, and correcting a distance error. Through comprehensive calculation of the time difference and the power difference, initial positioning is calculated by using the time difference of the double-end monitoring station, the attenuation coefficient is dynamically corrected in combination with the temperature and pressure sensors, and the distance error is secondarily calibrated through the power difference.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of submarine cable detection, and in particular to a method, device and medium for locating submarine cable faults based on time difference analysis and a signal attenuation model. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous decline in fossil energy reserves and the deterioration of the global environment, wind power, as a clean, renewable energy source, is of great significance in alleviating the energy crisis and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. As the channel for transmitting electricity from offshore wind farms, the safe and reliable operation of submarine cables is crucial to the safe operation of offshore wind farm systems. The operating environment of submarine cables is extremely complex and unpredictable, especially the possibility of the protective insulation layer of the submarine cable falling off, causing damage to the optical fiber. Submarine cable failures can be caused by a variety of reasons, including natural disasters (such as earthquakes and tsunamis), human damage, marine biological activities, and the aging of the submarine cable itself. Once these failures occur, they often lead to communication interruptions, causing huge losses to the economy and society. In order to quickly restore communications and reduce losses, the submarine cable fault point must be quickly and accurately located. However, due to the complexity of the marine environment and the particularity of the submarine cable structure, traditional submarine cable fault location methods face many challenges in practical applications, such as signal attenuation and noise interference.

[0003] Based on the above problems, the applicant proposes a submarine cable fault location method based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method, device and medium for locating submarine cable faults based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A submarine cable fault location method based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model, comprising:

[0007] Step 1: deploy sensors to collect data;

[0008] Step 2: Establish a signal attenuation model to correct the positioning error;

[0009] Step 3: Extract the signal power at both ends of the submarine cable, calculate the power difference, and correct the distance error.

[0010] Furthermore, the step 1 includes:

[0011] Distributed optical fiber sensors are arranged at intervals along the cable to collect vibration signals and temperature data in real time;

[0012] High-precision data acquisition equipment is deployed at the monitoring stations at both ends of the submarine cable, equipped with GPS time synchronization modules to ensure that the time error is less than the set value;

[0013] Deploy environmental parameter collection units at key nodes of the submarine cable. These units include water temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and ocean current meters.

[0014] The ocean current meter can extract periodic interference characteristics by measuring the speed and direction of seawater flow. The data measured by the ocean current meter is used to eliminate the interference of ocean current noise on the vibration signal using fast Fourier transform, and the periodic interference is eliminated using adaptive filters.

[0015] The data collected by the water temperature sensor and pressure sensor are used to construct the dynamic update of the signal attenuation coefficient after eliminating the interference of ocean current noise and periodic interference.

[0016] Furthermore, the step 2 includes:

[0017] The seawater temperature and pressure data measured in real time by the water temperature sensor and pressure sensor in the environmental parameter acquisition unit are obtained by eliminating the interference of ocean current noise and periodic interference processing to obtain the seawater temperature T and pressure P. The attenuation coefficient α of the signal when propagating in the optical fiber is dynamically updated. The calculation formula is:

[0018] α(T,P)=α0·(1+β T (T-T0)+β P (P-P0))

[0019] Where α0 is the initial attenuation coefficient of the submarine cable measured using an optical time domain reflectometer under standard conditions, β T , β P They are temperature influence coefficient and pressure influence coefficient respectively, T0 is standard temperature, and P0 is one atmospheric pressure.

[0020] Furthermore, the step 3 includes:

[0021] Extract the signal power P at both ends of the submarine cable A and P B , calculate the power difference and correct the distance error. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] Where L is the distance between the fault point and the monitoring station at end A; v is the propagation speed of the signal in the optical fiber; Δt is the time difference between the fault point signal reaching ends A and B; l is the total length of the submarine cable, and e is a natural constant.

[0024] The present invention also provides a submarine cable fault locating device based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model, comprising one or more processors for implementing the above-mentioned submarine cable fault locating method based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model.

[0025] The present invention also provides a readable storage medium having a program stored thereon. When the program is executed by a processor, the method for locating a submarine cable fault based on time difference analysis and a signal attenuation model as described above is implemented.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1) Through the comprehensive calculation of time difference and power difference, the time difference of the dual-end monitoring station is used to calculate the preliminary positioning, the attenuation coefficient is dynamically corrected in combination with the temperature and pressure sensors, and the distance error is calibrated twice through the power difference.

[0028] 2) Real-time calibration of dynamic attenuation coefficient to adapt to complex marine environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a submarine cable fault location method based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of a submarine cable fault location method based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a submarine cable fault location device based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See also Figure 1-Figure 2 A submarine cable fault location method based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation modeling has been developed. This method breaks through the bottleneck of traditional technologies by introducing a real-time calibration mechanism for environmental parameters and a high-precision time synchronization protocol. The following describes this method in detail:

[0034] Step 1: Deploy relevant hardware sensors to collect relevant data

[0035] Distributed fiber optic sensors are deployed every 5 kilometers along the coastal cable to collect real-time vibration signals (microstrain) and temperature data. The spacing can be adjusted as needed. The optical information from the distributed fiber optic sensors is demodulated to obtain the values ​​of the measured parameters, such as temperature, vibration, and strain.

[0036] Monitoring stations at both ends of the submarine cable (i.e., monitoring stations at ends A and B) deploy high-precision data acquisition equipment equipped with GPS time synchronization modules to ensure that the time error is less than a set value, that is, 1μs. The high-precision data acquisition equipment collects data from the fiber-optic sensors and includes an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and a signal amplifier.

[0037] Environmental parameter collection units are deployed at key nodes of the submarine cable. The environmental parameter collection units include water temperature sensors, pressure sensors and ocean current meters.

[0038] By measuring the speed and direction of seawater flow, the ocean current meter can extract periodic interference features (such as tides and ocean current vortices). The ocean current meter data is used to use fast Fourier transform to eliminate the interference of ocean current noise on the vibration signal, and an adaptive filter is used to eliminate periodic interference.

[0039] The data collected by the water temperature sensor and pressure sensor are used to construct the dynamic update of the signal attenuation coefficient after eliminating the interference of ocean current noise and periodic interference.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the triangles represent distributed fiber optic sensors, the circles represent hypothetical fault points, and the two on the left and right are monitoring stations, where high-precision data acquisition equipment is deployed. The XYZ axes represent space, and the arcs represent submarine cables.

[0041] Step 2: Establish a signal attenuation model to correct positioning errors

[0042] When a signal propagates in an optical fiber, its power decays exponentially with distance. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0043] P=P0·e -αL

[0044] Where α is the attenuation coefficient.

[0045] The seawater temperature and pressure data measured in real time by the water temperature sensor and pressure sensor in the environmental parameter acquisition unit are obtained by eliminating the interference of ocean current noise and periodic interference processing to obtain the seawater temperature T and pressure P. The attenuation coefficient α of the signal when propagating in the optical fiber is dynamically updated. The calculation formula is:

[0046] α(T,P)=α0·(1+β T (T-T0)+β P (P-P0))

[0047] Among them, α0 is the attenuation coefficient of the submarine cable measured using an optical time domain reflectometer under standard conditions. The standard conditions are 20°C temperature and 1 atmosphere pressure, and β T , β P are the temperature influence coefficient and the pressure influence coefficient respectively. T0 is the standard temperature (20℃), and P0 is one atmosphere of pressure.

[0048] Step 3: Extract the signal power P at both ends of the submarine cable A and P B , calculate the power difference and correct the distance error. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0049]

[0050] Where L is the distance between the fault point and the monitoring station at end A (target output); v is the propagation speed of the signal in the optical fiber = 2×10 8 m / s; Δt is the time difference between the fault point signal reaching ends A and B; l is the total length of the submarine cable.

[0051] The above method can verify the positioning consistency through historical data.

[0052] See also Figure 3 An embodiment of the present invention provides a submarine cable fault location device based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model, including one or more processors for implementing an efficient time series analysis method based on convolutional neural network in the above embodiment.

[0053] An embodiment of the submarine cable fault location device based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model of the present invention can be applied to any device with data processing capability, and the device with data processing capability can be a device or apparatus such as a computer. The device embodiment can be implemented through software, or through hardware or a combination of software and hardware. Taking software implementation as an example, as a device in a logical sense, it is formed by the processor of any device with data processing capability in which it is located reading the corresponding computer program instructions in the non-volatile memory into the memory for execution. From the hardware level, if Figure 3 As shown in the figure, it is a hardware structure diagram of a device with data processing capability for locating a submarine cable fault based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model of the present invention, except Figure 3 In addition to the processor, memory, network interface, and non-volatile memory shown, any device with data processing capabilities in the embodiment may also include other hardware according to the actual function of the device with data processing capabilities, which will not be described in detail.

[0054] The implementation process of the functions and effects of each unit in the above-mentioned device is specifically described in the implementation process of the corresponding steps in the above-mentioned method, and will not be repeated here.

[0055] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0056] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a readable storage medium having a program stored thereon. When the program is executed by a processor, an efficient time series analysis method based on a convolutional neural network in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0057] The readable storage medium may be an internal storage unit of any device with data processing capabilities described in any of the aforementioned embodiments, such as a hard disk or memory. The readable storage medium may also be an external storage device, such as a plug-in hard disk, a smart memory card (SMC), an SD card, a flash card, etc. equipped on the device. Furthermore, the readable storage medium may also include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device of any device with data processing capabilities. The readable storage medium is used to store the computer program and other programs and data required by any device with data processing capabilities, and may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is to be output.

[0058] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A submarine cable fault location method based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model, characterized in that: include: Step 1: deploy sensors to collect data; Step 2: Establish a signal attenuation model to correct the positioning error; Step 3: Extract the signal power at both ends of the submarine cable, calculate the power difference, and correct the distance error.

2. The method for locating submarine cable faults based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 1 comprises: Distributed optical fiber sensors are arranged at intervals along the cable to collect vibration signals and temperature data in real time; High-precision data acquisition equipment is deployed at the monitoring stations at both ends of the submarine cable, equipped with GPS time synchronization modules to ensure that the time error is less than the set value; Deploy environmental parameter collection units at key nodes of the submarine cable. These units include water temperature sensors, pressure sensors, and ocean current meters. The ocean current meter can extract periodic interference characteristics by measuring the speed and direction of seawater flow. The data measured by the ocean current meter is used to eliminate the interference of ocean current noise on the vibration signal using fast Fourier transform, and the periodic interference is eliminated using adaptive filters. The data collected by the water temperature sensor and pressure sensor are used to construct the dynamic update of the signal attenuation coefficient after eliminating the interference of ocean current noise and periodic interference.

3. The method for locating submarine cable faults based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step 2 includes: The seawater temperature and pressure data measured in real time by the water temperature sensor and pressure sensor in the environmental parameter acquisition unit are obtained by eliminating the interference of ocean current noise and periodic interference processing to obtain the seawater temperature T and pressure P. The attenuation coefficient α of the signal when propagating in the optical fiber is dynamically updated. The calculation formula is: α(T,P)=α0·(1+β T (T-T0)+β P (P-P0)) Where α0 is the initial attenuation coefficient of the submarine cable measured using an optical time domain reflectometer under standard conditions, β T , β P They are temperature influence coefficient and pressure influence coefficient respectively, T0 is standard temperature, and P0 is one atmospheric pressure.

4. The method for locating submarine cable faults based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step 3 comprises: Extract the signal power P at both ends of the submarine cable A and P B , calculate the power difference and correct the distance error. The calculation formula is as follows: Where L is the distance between the fault point and the monitoring station at end A; v is the propagation speed of the signal in the optical fiber; Δt is the time difference between the fault point signal reaching ends A and B; l is the total length of the submarine cable, and e is a natural constant.

5. A submarine cable fault location device based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model, characterized in that: The method comprises one or more processors for implementing a submarine cable fault location method based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A readable storage medium, characterized in that: A program is stored thereon, and when the program is executed by a processor, a submarine cable fault location method based on time difference analysis and signal attenuation model according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is implemented.

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