Intelligent multi-stage coal dressing method for coal mine
Through intelligent multi-stage coal preparation equipment and full-process automated control, and by utilizing pseudo-dual-energy X-ray transmission identification and high-pressure gas injection technology, the problems of high labor intensity and low precision in the traditional manual selection of gangue have been solved, achieving efficient and safe coal sorting and improving coal quality and resource utilization.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510968407.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-14
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-26
AI Technical Summary
The traditional manual method of sorting gangue is labor-intensive and involves a harsh environment, resulting in a high risk of occupational diseases and low sorting accuracy, which affects coal quality and resource utilization.
Intelligent multi-stage coal preparation equipment is used, including a distribution system, an identification system, an actuator, an air supply system and a dust removal system. Pseudo-dual-energy X-ray transmission identification technology and high-pressure gas injection are used to separate coal and gangue, and a centralized control system is combined to achieve full-process automated control.
It improves sorting accuracy, reduces labor intensity, improves production environment, improves coal quality and resource utilization, and meets large-scale production needs.
Smart Images
Figure CN120696097A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of multi-stage coal preparation, and in particular relates to an intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines. Background Art
[0002] Raw coal sorting is a crucial step in the coal mining process. Its primary purpose is to separate impurities such as gangue from the raw coal, thereby improving coal quality and utilization. Traditional raw coal sorting methods rely primarily on manual sorting of gangue. However, with the continuous development of the coal industry, the drawbacks of manual sorting have become increasingly prominent, seriously restricting the modernization of coal mining enterprises.
[0003] Manually sorting waste rock is a labor-intensive process, requiring a large number of workers to perform high-intensity physical labor for long periods of time in harsh environments. During the sorting process, workers not only face the enormous dust generated by the coal piles but also endure the high noise levels from the machinery. This working environment is highly susceptible to occupational diseases such as pneumoconiosis and hearing impairment, posing a serious threat to workers' health and creating significant safety management pressures and potential risks for companies. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide an intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: comprising intelligent multi-stage coal preparation equipment and an intelligent multi-stage coal preparation system, wherein the intelligent multi-stage coal preparation equipment comprises: The distribution system adopts two-stage belt distribution technology to make the raw coal form a uniform single layer arrangement on the distribution device, reducing material adhesion and stacking; The feeding system is located at the feeding end of the distribution system and is used to evenly feed the raw coal into the distribution device; The identification system, an X-ray machine installed above the distribution device emits fan-shaped X-rays, and an X-ray detector is installed below. It uses a pseudo-dual-energy X-ray transmission identification system. According to the Lambert-Beer law, it detects the intensity of high-energy and low-energy X-rays after they penetrate the raw coal. The actuator is composed of air nozzles arranged in an array. Based on the position information of coal and gangue output by the recognition system, it intelligently controls the opening of the air nozzles at the corresponding positions and uses high-pressure gas to separate the coal and gangue. The air supply system provides a high-pressure air source for the actuator to meet the air pressure and volume required for the spraying; The dust removal system is equipped with a dust collector and a conical air hood to effectively collect and process the dust generated during the sorting process, improving the production environment. As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution: the intelligent multi-stage coal preparation system includes: The raw coal pretreatment system performs preliminary processing on the raw coal, such as iron removal and crushing, so that the raw coal particle size meets the feeding requirements of the intelligent dry separation equipment; The product storage system is equipped with a lump clean coal bin and a gangue bin for storing sorted lump clean coal and gangue; The centralized control system integrates the control signals and data of various parts such as intelligent multi-stage coal preparation equipment, raw coal pretreatment system, and product storage system through the communication network, realizing centralized monitoring, operation and management of the entire intelligent dry separation system; As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution: the material distribution system is equipped with an automatic deviation correction device to ensure that the material distribution belt is always in the correct position, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the material distribution; the X-ray machine and detector of the identification system are installed in an explosion-proof and heat-insulating casing to ensure the safe operation of the equipment in harsh industrial environments; the identification device is also equipped with an automatic calibration system to regularly calibrate the parameters of the X-ray machine and detector to ensure the accuracy and stability of recognition; at the same time, the recognition device uses advanced image processing algorithms and machine learning technologies to perform real-time analysis and processing on the collected X-ray images, further improving the recognition accuracy of coal and gangue; As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the calculation formula of the Beer-Lambert law is: ,in 、 is the intensity of the ray before incident and after passing through the object being detected, is the mass absorption coefficient, h is the thickness of the object being tested, is the density of the detected object, It is a natural constant, about 2.71828. Based on the above principle, the high-energy X-ray intensity before the X-ray passes through the object can be detected by the X-ray detector. and low-energy X-ray intensity And the high-energy X-ray intensity after the X-ray passes through the object and low-energy X-ray intensity , respectively, into the Lambert-Beer law formula and take the logarithm of both sides of the equation system to obtain: , comparing the two equations and eliminating the influence of thickness h, we can get: , coal and gangue are distinguished by the size difference of K; As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the actuator is equipped with a pressure sensor and a flow sensor to monitor the pressure and flow of the injected gas in real time, and feed the signal back to the electronic control system to achieve automatic control and optimization of the injection process; As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the air supply system adopts a screw air compressor, and the air supply system is equipped with a pressure sensor and a safety valve to monitor the air source pressure in real time and ensure that the system operates within a safe pressure range; As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the dust removal system adopts a bag dust collector, the filter bag is made of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant needle-punched felt filter material, and the dust removal system is equipped with a dust concentration sensor and a pressure difference sensor to monitor the dust emission concentration and filter bag resistance in real time, and feed back the signal to the electronic control system to realize automatic control and optimization of the dust removal process; As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the raw coal pretreatment system crusher is equipped with an overload protection device, which can automatically shut down when encountering difficult-to-crush materials to prevent equipment damage; As a further preferred embodiment of this technical solution: an anti-adhesion lining is provided inside the product storage system to reduce the friction coefficient between the material and the silo wall and prevent material adhesion and blockage. At the same time, the silo is equipped with a level meter and a weight sensor to monitor the storage volume of the material and the weight of the silo in real time, and feed the signal back to the centralized control system to realize automated management of the silo. As a further preferred embodiment of the present technical solution: the centralized control system is equipped with data storage and backup functions, which can store the system's operating data in real time and perform data backup regularly to prevent data loss. It also has data statistics and analysis functions, and can generate various production reports and analysis charts.
[0006] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention adopts pseudo dual-energy X-ray transmission identification technology, which can effectively distinguish coal from gangue, reduce the average gangue coal-carrying rate, and increase the average gangue discharge rate. Compared with traditional manual sorting and ordinary dry sorting equipment, the sorting accuracy is significantly improved, resource waste is reduced, and product quality and economic benefits are improved. The application of two-stage belt distribution technology greatly improves the unit width processing capacity, improves the production efficiency of the equipment, and can meet the needs of large-scale production in coal mines.
[0007] 2. The present invention realizes the full process automation control from raw coal feeding, sorting to product storage, reduces manual intervention, reduces labor intensity and labor costs, and improves the stability and continuity of production. The sorting process does not require water, avoids the generation of coal slime, reduces water resource consumption and environmental pollution, and is equipped with a dust removal system to effectively control dust emissions, improve the production environment, and protect the health of employees. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines of the present invention. Figure 2 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0009] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0010] Example 1: See also Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides an intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines: including intelligent multi-stage coal preparation equipment and an intelligent multi-stage coal preparation system, the intelligent multi-stage coal preparation equipment includes: The distribution system adopts two-stage belt distribution technology to make the raw coal form a uniform single layer arrangement on the distribution device, reducing material adhesion and stacking; The feeding system, located at the feeding end of the distribution system, is used to evenly feed the raw coal into the distribution device. The vibration frequency range of the vibrating feeder is 30-60Hz, and the amplitude range is 5-15mm. The installation angle of the feeding system is adjustable, generally with an inclination angle of 5-10°, to accommodate the feeding requirements of raw coal of different particle sizes and moisture content. The feeder trough is made of high-strength steel plate and lined with a wear-resistant rubber lining with a thickness of 10-15mm. The feeding system is equipped with a level sensor to monitor the storage level of raw coal in real time and feedback the signal to the electronic control system to achieve automatic feeding control. The identification system, an X-ray machine installed above the distribution device emits fan-shaped X-rays, and an X-ray detector is installed below. It uses a pseudo-dual-energy X-ray transmission identification system. According to the Lambert-Beer law, it detects the intensity of high-energy and low-energy X-rays after they penetrate the raw coal. The actuator is composed of air nozzles arranged in an array. Based on the position information of coal and gangue output by the recognition system, it intelligently controls the opening of the air nozzles at the corresponding positions and uses high-pressure gas to separate the coal and gangue. The air supply system provides a high-pressure air source for the actuator to meet the air pressure and volume required for the spraying; The dust removal system is equipped with a dust collector and a conical air hood to effectively collect and process the dust generated during the sorting process, improving the production environment. In this embodiment, specifically, the intelligent multi-stage coal preparation system includes: The raw coal pretreatment system performs preliminary processing on the raw coal, such as iron removal and crushing, so that the raw coal particle size meets the feeding requirements of the intelligent dry separation equipment; The product storage system is equipped with a lump clean coal bin and a gangue bin for storing sorted lump clean coal and gangue; The centralized control system integrates the control signals and data of various parts such as intelligent multi-stage coal preparation equipment, raw coal pretreatment system, and product storage system through the communication network, realizing centralized monitoring, operation and management of the entire intelligent dry separation system; In this embodiment, specifically: the feeding system is equipped with an automatic correction device to ensure that the feeding belt is always in the correct position, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the feeding, the speed of the first-level belt feeder is 1.5m / s, and the speed of the second-level belt feeder is 2.5m / s, achieving a unit width processing capacity of more than 150t / m·h, the width of the feeding device is designed according to the processing volume and particle size characteristics of the raw coal, and the general width range is 1000~2000mm, the belt surface material of the feeding device is made of wear-resistant rubber plate with a thickness of 10~15mm to increase the service life of the equipment, the driving device of the belt feeder adopts a variable frequency motor, which can be steplessly adjusted according to the flow rate of the raw coal and the feeding effect, and baffles are provided on both sides of the feeding device with a height of 100~150mm to prevent the raw coal from In the process of spreading materials, the X-ray machine and detector of the identification system are installed in an explosion-proof and heat-insulated casing to ensure the safe operation of the equipment in harsh industrial environments. The identification device is also equipped with an automatic calibration system to regularly calibrate the parameters of the X-ray machine and detector to ensure the accuracy and stability of identification. At the same time, the identification device uses advanced image processing algorithms and machine learning technologies to perform real-time analysis and processing on the collected X-ray images to further improve the identification accuracy of coal and gangue. The tube voltage of the X-ray machine is adjustable in the range of 80-160kV, and the tube current is adjustable in the range of 10-50mA. The X-ray detector uses a linear array detector with a resolution of 0.5-1mm. The identification device calculates the K value by detecting the intensity of high-energy and low-energy X-rays after passing through the raw coal. In this embodiment, specifically, the calculation formula of Lambert-Beer's law is: ,in 、 is the intensity of the ray before incident and after passing through the object being detected, is the mass absorption coefficient, h is the thickness of the object being tested, is the density of the detected object, It is a natural constant, about 2.71828. Based on the above principle, the high-energy X-ray intensity before the X-ray passes through the object can be detected by the X-ray detector. and low-energy X-ray intensity And the high-energy X-ray intensity after the X-ray passes through the object and low-energy X-ray intensity , respectively, into the Lambert-Beer law formula and take the logarithm of both sides of the equation system to obtain: , comparing the two equations and eliminating the influence of thickness h, we can get: , coal and gangue are distinguished by the size difference of K; In this embodiment, specifically: the actuator is equipped with a pressure sensor and a flow sensor to monitor the pressure and flow of the sprayed gas in real time, and feed the signal back to the electronic control system to achieve automatic control and optimization of the spraying process. The spraying pressure of the air nozzle is 0.65 MPa, the diameter of the nozzle is 2 to 3 mm, the spacing between the nozzles is 10 to 15 mm, the spraying time of the actuator is 10 to 20 ms, and the spraying frequency is 10 to 20 Hz. The air nozzle is made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, such as cemented carbide, to extend the service life of the nozzle. The spraying angle of the actuator is adjustable, generally 15 to 30 degrees, to ensure that the sprayed gas can accurately act on the target material and achieve effective separation. In this embodiment, specifically: the air supply system adopts a screw air compressor, and the air supply system is equipped with a pressure sensor and a safety valve to monitor the air source pressure in real time and ensure that the system operates within a safe pressure range. The exhaust volume of the air compressor is 5-10m³ / min, and the rated working pressure is 0.8-1.0Mpa. The air supply system is equipped with an air storage tank with a volume of 1-2m³, which is used to stabilize the air source pressure and store a certain amount of compressed air. The air supply system is also equipped with an air filter, a dryer and an oil-water separator to ensure the quality and purity of the injected gas. The filtration accuracy of the air filter is 0.01μm, which can effectively remove dust and impurities in the compressed air; the dryer reduces the relative humidity of the compressed air to below 30% to prevent the influence of moisture on equipment and materials; the oil-water separator can separate oil and moisture in the compressed air to ensure the quality of the injected gas; In this embodiment, specifically: the dust removal system adopts a bag dust collector, the filter bag is made of high temperature resistant and wear-resistant needle felt filter material, the dust removal system is equipped with a dust concentration sensor and a pressure difference sensor, which monitors the dust emission concentration and filter bag resistance in real time, and feeds back the signal to the electronic control system to realize automatic control and optimization of the dust removal process, the dust removal air volume is 8489m³ / h, the air outlet pipe wind speed is controlled at 8~14m / s, the air outlet pipe diameter ∅=500 is selected, the air outlet hood adopts a conical hood, the dust collector adopts a bag dust collector, and the filter The bag is made of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant needle-punched felt filter material, with a service life of 1-2 years. The dust emission concentration of the dust removal system is less than 30mg / m³, meeting the requirements of national environmental protection standards. The dust collector's cleaning system adopts pulse jet cleaning method with a cleaning pressure of 0.3-0.5Mpa and a cleaning cycle of 10-30s. The cleaning parameters can be automatically adjusted according to the dust concentration and filter bag resistance. The ventilation ducts of the dust removal system are made of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant materials, such as fiberglass, to extend the service life of the ducts. In this embodiment, specifically: the crusher of the raw coal pretreatment system is equipped with an overload protection device. When encountering difficult-to-crush materials, it can automatically shut down to prevent equipment damage. The iron remover adopts a permanent magnet iron remover with a magnetic field strength of 8000-12000Gs. The crusher adopts an impact crusher. The feed particle size of the crusher is 300-500mm and the discharge particle size is 50-100mm. The production capacity of the raw coal pretreatment system is designed according to the processing capacity of the intelligent dry sorting equipment, and the general processing capacity range is 100-300t / h. The iron remover is installed above the raw coal conveyor belt. The strong magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet material absorbs iron debris in the raw coal, such as iron blocks and nails. The iron removal effect of the iron remover can reach more than 95%, effectively protecting subsequent equipment from damage by iron debris. The rotor of the crusher is made of high-strength alloy steel, and the hammer head is made of wear-resistant materials such as high manganese steel to extend the service life. The crusher cavity adopts a hydraulic opening method to facilitate the replacement of the hammer head and adjustment of the gap. In this embodiment, specifically: an anti-adhesion lining is provided inside the product storage system to reduce the friction coefficient between the material and the silo wall and prevent material adhesion and blockage. At the same time, the silo is equipped with a level meter and a weight sensor to monitor the storage volume of the material and the weight of the silo in real time, and feed back the signal to the centralized control system to realize automated management of the silo. The lump clean coal silo and the gangue silo both adopt a 7m×7m square silo structure. The height of the silo is designed according to the storage volume, generally 10 to 15m. A vibrating feeder is provided at the bottom of the silo. The feeding amount of the feeder can be controlled by adjusting the vibration frequency and amplitude to ensure that the lump clean coal and gangue can be discharged evenly and stably out of the silo. The structure of the silo adopts a reinforced concrete frame structure to ensure the strength and stability of the silo. The thickness of the silo wall is 300 to 500mm, which can withstand the storage pressure of the material. In this embodiment, specifically: the centralized control system is equipped with data storage and backup functions, can store the system's operating data in real time, and perform data backup regularly to prevent data loss. It also has data statistics and analysis functions, and can generate various production reports and analysis charts. The centralized control system uses an industrial ring network for communication with a communication rate of 100Mbps. The centralized control system is equipped with a server and a client computer. The server is used to store and process the system's operating data, and the client computer is used for operators to monitor and operate the system. The centralized control system adopts a distributed control architecture to disperse the system's control functions into various subsystems to achieve decentralized control and centralized management. It has complete user management functions, and users of different levels have different operating permissions to ensure the safe operation of the system.
[0011] Example 2: In this embodiment, specifically: determine the installation position of the intelligent multi-stage coal preparation equipment, complete the installation and debugging of the feeding system, distribution device, identification device, actuator, air supply system, and dust removal system. During the installation process, ensure that all components are tightly connected and operate normally, the parameter settings of the X-ray machine and the detector meet the requirements, the layout and injection angle of the air nozzle are accurate, and the air supply system and the dust removal system can stably provide air source and dust treatment functions. After the installation is completed, carry out no-load debugging and load debugging to check whether the various performance indicators of the equipment meet the design requirements. In the no-load debugging stage, mainly check whether the mechanical operation of the equipment is normal, whether the connections of the various components are loose, whether the operating current of the motor is normal, etc. In the load debugging stage, through actual raw coal sorting tests, adjust various parameters of the equipment, such as the tube voltage and tube current of the X-ray machine, the belt speed of the distribution device, the injection pressure and injection time of the actuator, etc., to ensure that the equipment can operate stably and efficiently and achieve the expected sorting effect; In this embodiment, specifically: the raw coal is transported to the transfer station through the main inclined shaft belt conveyor, and after being iron-removed by the iron remover, it enters the raw coal crusher and is crushed to -300mm, and then transported to the screening building by the belt conveyor. During the iron removal process, the iron remover can effectively absorb the iron debris in the raw coal to prevent the iron debris from entering the subsequent equipment and causing equipment damage. The crusher crushes the raw coal to a particle size that meets the feeding requirements of the intelligent dry sorting equipment to ensure the sorting effect. During the crushing process, the rotor of the crusher rotates at a high speed, and the hammer head impacts and crushes the raw coal, gradually reducing the particle size of the raw coal. The crushed raw coal is screened by the vibrating screen, and the material on the screen returns to the crusher for further crushing until the particle size meets the requirements. At the same time, a water spray device is provided at the outlet of the crusher to control the moisture content of the raw coal and prevent the raw coal from generating dust during transportation and sorting. In this embodiment, specifically: in the screening building, the raw coal enters the vibrating screen with a sieve size of 50mm, which is divided into two levels of +50mm and -50mm. The -50mm level is directly stored as a mixed coal product in the No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 square bins; the +50mm level enters the intelligent dry sorting equipment, and is evenly fed into the distribution device through the feeding system, forming a uniform single layer arrangement on the distribution device. After the X-rays emitted by the X-ray machine penetrate the raw coal, they are received by the X-ray detector below, converted into electrical signals and output to the computer. The computer calculates the K value based on the signal, identifies coal and gangue, and outputs the position information to the actuator. The actuator The air nozzle opens according to the position information and sprays high-pressure gas to separate the coal and gangue. The clean coal enters the No. 4 lump coal bin, and the gangue enters the No. 5 gangue bin. During the sorting process, the identification device can monitor the changes in the raw coal composition in real time and automatically adjust the sorting parameters, such as the tube voltage and current of the X-ray machine, the belt speed of the material distribution device, and the injection pressure and injection time of the actuator, to ensure sorting accuracy. At the same time, the automatic deviation correction device of the material distribution device can monitor the operating status of the material distribution belt in real time. When the material distribution belt deviates, it automatically adjusts the angle of the roller to restore the material distribution belt to the correct position, ensuring the uniformity and stability of the material distribution. In this embodiment, specifically: through the centralized control system, the operation of the entire intelligent dry sorting system is monitored and operated in real time in the centralized control room. The operator can start and stop the equipment, set the operating parameters of the equipment, and view the operating status and fault alarm information of the equipment through the touch screen operation interface. The centralized control system can collect and analyze production data, such as raw coal processing volume, lump clean coal output, gangue output, equipment operating time, power consumption, wind consumption, etc., to provide data support for the company's production management and decision-making. At the same time, the centralized control system also has a remote monitoring function. Management personnel can view the operation status of the equipment in real time in the office through the network and perform remote operation and management. The centralized control system is also equipped with an intelligent alarm system. When the equipment fails or an abnormal situation occurs, it can promptly send out an audible and visual alarm signal and send the fault information to the mobile phone of the relevant personnel for timely processing. In this embodiment, specifically: lump clean coal and gangue are loaded and transported from their respective storage bins by cars, the lump clean coal is sold to the market as a high-quality coal product, and the gangue can be further comprehensively utilized or reasonably disposed of. During the transportation of the products, the cars are weighed by scales to ensure accurate measurement of the products. At the same time, quality inspections are carried out on the products, such as inspections of ash content, sulfur content, calorific value, moisture content and other indicators, to ensure that the product quality meets user requirements. Electronic belt scales are installed at the bottom of the lump clean coal bin and the gangue bin to monitor the material flow in real time and feed the data back to the centralized control system to realize automatic control and measurement of the material flow. During the loading process, the loader adopts an automatic loading system, which can automatically control the loading speed and loading amount according to the volume of the car and the material flow, thereby improving loading efficiency and accuracy. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations that come within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates. In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims
1. An intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines, characterized by: It includes intelligent multi-stage coal preparation equipment and intelligent multi-stage coal preparation system. The intelligent multi-stage coal preparation equipment includes: The distribution system adopts two-stage belt distribution technology to make the raw coal form a uniform single layer arrangement on the distribution device, reducing material adhesion and stacking; The feeding system is located at the feeding end of the distribution system and is used to evenly feed the raw coal into the distribution device; The identification system, an X-ray machine installed above the distribution device emits fan-shaped X-rays, and an X-ray detector is installed below. It uses a pseudo-dual-energy X-ray transmission identification system. According to the Lambert-Beer law, it detects the intensity of high-energy and low-energy X-rays after they penetrate the raw coal. The actuator is composed of air nozzles arranged in an array. Based on the position information of coal and gangue output by the recognition system, it intelligently controls the opening of the air nozzles at the corresponding positions and uses high-pressure gas to separate the coal and gangue. The air supply system provides a high-pressure air source for the actuator to meet the air pressure and volume required for the spraying; The dust removal system is equipped with a dust collector and a conical air outlet hood to effectively collect and process the dust generated during the sorting process and improve the production environment.
2. The intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent multi-stage coal preparation system includes: The raw coal pretreatment system performs preliminary processing on the raw coal, such as iron removal and crushing, so that the raw coal particle size meets the feeding requirements of the intelligent dry separation equipment; The product storage system is equipped with a lump clean coal bin and a gangue bin for storing sorted lump clean coal and gangue; The centralized control system integrates the control signals and data of various parts such as intelligent multi-stage coal preparation equipment, raw coal pretreatment system, and product storage system through the communication network, realizing centralized monitoring, operation and management of the entire intelligent dry separation system.
3. The intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fabric system is equipped with an automatic correction device to ensure that the fabric belt is always in the correct position and to ensure the uniformity and stability of the fabric. The X-ray machine and detector of the identification system are installed in an explosion-proof and heat-insulating casing to ensure the safe operation of the equipment in harsh industrial environments. The identification device is also equipped with an automatic calibration system to regularly calibrate the parameters of the X-ray machine and detector to ensure the accuracy and stability of recognition. At the same time, the identification device uses advanced image processing algorithms and machine learning technologies to perform real-time analysis and processing of the collected X-ray images, further improving the recognition accuracy of coal and gangue.
4. The intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: The Lambert-Beer law calculation formula is: ,in 、 is the intensity of the ray before incident and after passing through the object being detected, is the mass absorption coefficient, h is the thickness of the object being tested, is the density of the detected object, It is a natural constant, about 2.71828. Based on the above principle, the high-energy X-ray intensity before the X-ray passes through the object can be detected by the X-ray detector. and low-energy X-ray intensity And the high-energy X-ray intensity after the X-ray passes through the object and low-energy X-ray intensity , respectively, into the Lambert-Beer law formula and take the logarithm of both sides of the equation system to obtain: , comparing the two equations and eliminating the influence of thickness h, we can get: , coal and gangue are distinguished by the size difference of K.
5. The intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines according to claim 4, characterized in that: The actuator is equipped with a pressure sensor and a flow sensor to monitor the pressure and flow of the injection gas in real time, and feed the signal back to the electronic control system to achieve automatic control and optimization of the injection process.
6. The intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air supply system adopts a screw air compressor, and the air supply system is equipped with a pressure sensor and a safety valve to monitor the air source pressure in real time and ensure that the system operates within a safe pressure range.
7. The intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The dust removal system adopts a bag dust collector, and the filter bag is made of high-temperature-resistant and wear-resistant needle-punched felt filter material. The dust removal system is equipped with a dust concentration sensor and a pressure difference sensor to monitor the dust emission concentration and filter bag resistance in real time, and feed back the signal to the electronic control system to achieve automatic control and optimization of the dust removal process.
8. The intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines according to claim 7, characterized in that: The raw coal pretreatment system crusher is equipped with an overload protection device, which can automatically shut down when encountering materials that are difficult to crush to prevent equipment damage.
9. The intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines according to claim 8, characterized in that: The product storage system is equipped with an anti-adhesion lining to reduce the friction coefficient between the material and the warehouse wall and prevent material adhesion and blockage. At the same time, the warehouse body is equipped with a level meter and a weight sensor to monitor the storage volume of the material and the weight of the warehouse body in real time, and feed back the signal to the centralized control system to realize automated management of the warehouse.
10. The intelligent multi-stage coal preparation method for coal mines according to claim 9, characterized in that: The centralized control system is equipped with data storage and backup functions, which can store the system's operating data in real time and perform data backup regularly to prevent data loss. It also has data statistics and analysis functions and can generate various production reports and analysis charts.