Special-shaped groove welding method for titanium-aluminum composite plate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of alloy welding, and discloses a special-shaped groove welding method for a titanium-aluminum composite plate, which adopts a welding sequence of'titanium first and aluminum second ', and a ceramic barrier is arranged on a titanium plate welding seam before a corresponding groove of an aluminum plate is welded. The ceramic barrier is a'vanadium foil-aluminum oxide 'double-layer barrier, and formation of brittle and hard intermetallic compounds such as TiAl3 and TiAl2 is blocked by utilizing the characteristics of infinite solid solution of V and Ti and low diffusion rate of the V and Al; the aluminum oxide coating serves as a thermal barrier layer, heat conduction to the titanium side during follow-up aluminum plate welding can be reduced by 30% or above, and interface temperature rise is further restrained; compared with the prior art, the strength and toughness of the finally obtained final-state connector can meet the engineering requirements, and then industrial application is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of alloy welding, in particular to a special-shaped groove welding method for a titanium-aluminum composite plate. Background Art

[0002] Titanium alloy (Ti) has excellent corrosion resistance, high-temperature strength and biocompatibility, while aluminum alloy (Al) has the advantages of low density, good thermal conductivity / electrical conductivity, easy forming and low cost. Titanium-aluminum plate composite plates have been widely used in aerospace aircraft skins, ship deck structures, chemical pressure vessels, new energy vehicle battery pack shells and high-end architectural decorations because they combine the corrosion resistance and high-temperature oxidation resistance of titanium with the light weight, high thermal conductivity and low cost of aluminum. However, due to the significant differences between titanium and aluminum in crystal structure, linear expansion coefficient, melting point and chemical activity, their connection interface is very easy to form brittle and hard intermetallic compounds (IMC) such as TiAl3 and TiAl2 under the action of welding thermal cycles, resulting in a sudden drop in joint toughness and increased crack sensitivity. This is also the key bottleneck in the engineering application of titanium-aluminum plate composite plates.

[0003] Existing welding processes often use symmetrical X- or V-shaped grooves and directly deposit Ti or Al-based welding wires, making it difficult to simultaneously meet the penetration requirements of the parent metals on both sides: low heat input is required on the titanium side to suppress excessive IMC growth, while sufficient heat input is required on the aluminum side to ensure full penetration and reduce lack of fusion defects. TIG welding, as the mainstream heat source for titanium-aluminum dissimilar metal connections, can precisely control heat input. However, under conventional symmetrical groove conditions, the non-uniform temperature field and molten pool flow differences generated when a single arc acts simultaneously on both sides of the titanium and aluminum make it difficult to suppress the thickness of the interfacial IMC. In addition, existing welding processes generally use homogeneous or single transition layer filling, which lacks an effective barrier to element diffusion. As a result, the joint strength and toughness are always lower than engineering requirements, limiting industrial application.

[0004] In view of this, how to provide a welding method for titanium-aluminum composite plates is a problem that needs to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special-shaped groove welding method for titanium-aluminum composite plates to solve the problems existing in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for welding a special-shaped groove of a titanium-aluminum composite plate, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: stacking an aluminum plate and a titanium plate on top of each other and hot-rolling and metallurgically bonding them to obtain a titanium-aluminum composite plate;

[0008] S2: After preheating, the two titanium-aluminum composite plates are fixed symmetrically to each other, and an X-shaped groove is formed between the two titanium-aluminum composite plates; the titanium plate includes an upper titanium plate and a lower titanium plate, and the X-shaped groove forms a first V-shaped groove corresponding to the aluminum plate and the upper titanium plate, and forms a second V-shaped groove corresponding to the lower titanium plate, the first V-shaped groove and the second V-shaped groove are connected, and the angle of the second V-shaped groove is greater than the angle of the first V-shaped groove;

[0009] S3: Welding the second V-shaped groove to weld and fix the lower titanium plates of the two titanium-aluminum composite plates;

[0010] S4: Turn over the two titanium-aluminum composite plates, weld the first V-shaped groove at the position corresponding to the upper titanium plate, weld and fix the upper titanium plates of the two titanium-aluminum composite plates to form a titanium plate weld, and connect the upper surface of the titanium plate weld with the lower surface of the aluminum plate;

[0011] S5: Arrange a ceramic barrier on the upper surface of the titanium plate weld;

[0012] S6: Welding the first V-shaped groove on the ceramic barrier at a position corresponding to the aluminum plate to form an aluminum plate weld to obtain a titanium-aluminum composite component.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S1, the aluminum plate and the titanium plate are metallurgically bonded at a thickness ratio of 5:4.5 under hot rolling conditions at 450° C. and 50% reduction to obtain a titanium-aluminum composite plate.

[0014] Furthermore, in step S2, preheating includes the following steps:

[0015] Place the titanium-aluminum composite plate in an electric heating platform or hot air circulation furnace for preheating. The preheating temperature is 200-250℃ and the heating rate is 10℃·min -1 When the temperature of the titanium-aluminum composite plate reaches the preset temperature, it is kept warm for more than 30 minutes so that the welding temperature in step S3 is not lower than 180°C.

[0016] Furthermore, the groove and surface of the titanium-aluminum composite plate are cleaned before preheating. First, an angle grinder with a special stainless steel grinding wheel is used to mechanically grind the X-shaped groove and the area extending 20 mm on both sides to remove rolling scale, oil stains and attached impurities; then 400-600 mesh fine sandpaper is used to grind in the same direction until a uniform metallic luster is exposed; the surface of the aluminum plate is first immersed in 5% NaOH alkaline solution for 30 seconds, then rinsed with running water and air-dried to peel off the oxide film; finally, a non-woven cloth dipped in acetone or anhydrous alcohol is used to wipe the groove and adjacent areas to make the surface dry and pollution-free.

[0017] Furthermore, the angle of the first V-shaped groove is 50°, the angle of the second V-shaped groove is 70°, the first V-shaped groove and the second V-shaped groove are connected by an I-shaped blunt edge, and the thickness of the I-shaped blunt edge is 1-2 mm.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S3, a TIG welding gun is used to weld the second V-groove, with a welding current of 100-200A and a welding voltage of 15-25V.

[0019] Furthermore, the welding of the first V-shaped groove corresponding to the position of the aluminum plate is started after the temperature of the titanium plate weld drops below 80°C.

[0020] Furthermore, in step S5, a ceramic barrier is prepared according to the following steps: a 0.1 mm thick vanadium foil is taken, and a 2-5 μm aluminum oxide layer is evenly sprayed on one or both sides using an air brush. The foil is air-dried at room temperature for 10 minutes and then placed in a 120°C oven for curing for 20 minutes to form a dense, crack-free ceramic barrier; the ceramic barrier is covered on the weld of the titanium plate and temporarily fixed with a high-temperature resistant tape.

[0021] Furthermore, the aluminum plate includes an upper aluminum plate and a lower aluminum plate. In step S6, the first V-shaped groove is welded at a position corresponding to the lower aluminum plate, and then the first V-shaped groove is welded at a position corresponding to the upper aluminum plate.

[0022] Furthermore, after the welding of the aluminum plate weld is completed, the titanium-aluminum composite component is placed in a heating furnace, and the heating furnace is heated from room temperature to 225°C within 20 minutes at a uniform ramp rate and maintained at a constant temperature for 120 minutes, and then the heating furnace is cooled to room temperature; after the titanium-aluminum composite component is cooled, the slag is removed, the titanium layer is chemically passivated with HNO3-HF mixed acid, and the aluminum base layer is precisely mechanically polished to obtain the final joint.

[0023] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0024] This method utilizes a "titanium first, aluminum second" welding sequence. Prior to welding the corresponding grooves on the aluminum plate, a ceramic barrier is placed on the titanium plate weld (positioned between the titanium and aluminum welds after welding). This double-layered "vanadium foil-alumina" ceramic barrier utilizes the infinite solid solution of vanadium with titanium and the low diffusion rate of aluminum with it to block the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds such as TiAl3 and TiAl2. The alumina coating acts as a thermal barrier, reducing heat conduction to the titanium side during subsequent aluminum welding by over 30%, further suppressing interface temperature rise. Compared to existing technologies, the resulting joint strength and toughness meet engineering requirements, further promoting industrial application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0026] Figure 1Schematic diagram of welding two titanium-aluminum composite plates;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the titanium aluminum composite plate welding process;

[0028] Among them, 1. Aluminum plate; 101. Upper aluminum plate; 102. Lower aluminum plate; 2. Titanium plate; 201. Upper titanium plate; 202. Lower titanium plate; 3. First V-shaped groove; 4. Second V-shaped groove; 5. Ceramic barrier; 6. I-shaped blunt edge; 7. Fixed tooling; 8. Welding gun. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for welding a special-shaped groove of a titanium-aluminum composite plate, comprising the following steps:

[0032] S1: stacking an aluminum plate 1 and a titanium plate 2 on top of each other and hot-rolling and metallurgically bonding them to obtain a titanium-aluminum composite plate;

[0033] S2: After preheating, the two titanium-aluminum composite plates are fixed symmetrically to each other, and an X-shaped groove is formed between the two titanium-aluminum composite plates; the titanium plate 2 includes an upper titanium plate 201 and a lower titanium plate 202, and the X-shaped groove forms a first V-shaped groove 3 corresponding to the aluminum plate 1 and the upper titanium plate 201, and a second V-shaped groove 4 corresponding to the lower titanium plate 202, the first V-shaped groove 3 and the second V-shaped groove 4 are connected, and the angle of the second V-shaped groove 4 is greater than the angle of the first V-shaped groove 3;

[0034] S3: Welding the second V-shaped groove 4 to weld and fix the lower titanium plates 202 of the two titanium-aluminum composite plates;

[0035] S4: Turn over the two titanium-aluminum composite plates, weld the first V-shaped groove 3 at the position corresponding to the upper titanium plate 201, weld and fix the upper titanium plate 201 of the two titanium-aluminum composite plates to form a titanium plate 2 weld seam, and the upper surface of the titanium plate 2 weld seam is connected to the lower surface of the aluminum plate 1;

[0036] S5: Arrange a ceramic barrier 5 on the upper surface of the weld of the titanium plate 2;

[0037] S6: Welding the first V-shaped groove 3 on the ceramic barrier 5 at a position corresponding to the aluminum plate 1 to form a weld seam of the aluminum plate 1 to obtain a titanium-aluminum composite component.

[0038] In this embodiment, in step S1, the thickness of the aluminum plate 1 and the titanium plate 2 are 5 mm:4.5 mm, with a total thickness of 9.5 mm. They are metallurgically bonded under hot rolling conditions at 450°C and a 50% reduction rate to obtain a titanium-aluminum composite plate with a flat interface and no cracks.

[0039] In this embodiment, in step S2, preheating includes the following steps:

[0040] Place the titanium-aluminum composite plate in an electric heating platform or hot air circulation furnace for preheating. The preheating temperature is 200-250℃ and the heating rate is 10℃·min -1 , to avoid the concentration of thermal stress on the interface caused by rapid heating. When the temperature of the titanium-aluminum composite plate reaches the preset temperature, it is kept warm for more than 30 minutes to fully coordinate the differences in the linear expansion coefficients of the titanium plate 2, the aluminum plate 1, and the transition layer, and the overall temperature field before welding tends to be consistent. After preheating, immediately transfer to the welding station and start welding within 2 minutes, so that the welding temperature in step S3 is not less than 180°C, thereby effectively reducing the shrinkage stress and macro deformation risk during the weld cooling process.

[0041] In this embodiment, after preheating is complete, the titanium-aluminum composite plate must be quickly transferred to the welding station. The welding station is equipped with a fixed fixture 7 compatible with the titanium-aluminum composite plate and capable of vertical rotation. A base plate and a water-cooled copper backing plate can be installed on the welding station to dissipate heat generated by welding. In other embodiments, the welding station can be adaptively adjusted based on actual welding requirements. The specific fixed fixture 7, cooling mechanism, and other features can adopt existing technologies and are not limited here.

[0042] In this embodiment, the groove and surface of the titanium-aluminum composite plate are cleaned before preheating. First, an angle grinder with a special stainless steel grinding wheel is used to mechanically grind the X-shaped groove and the area extending 20 mm on both sides to remove rolling scale, oil stains and attached impurities; then, 400-600 mesh fine sandpaper is used to grind in the same direction until a uniform metallic luster is exposed; the surface of the aluminum plate 1 is first immersed in 5% NaOH alkaline solution for 30 seconds, then rinsed with running water and air-dried to peel off the oxide film; finally, a non-woven cloth dipped in acetone or anhydrous alcohol is used to wipe the groove and adjacent areas to make the surface dry and pollution-free.

[0043] In this embodiment, the angle of the first V-groove 3 is 50°, and the angle of the second V-groove 4 is 70°. The first V-groove 3 and the second V-groove 4 are connected by an I-shaped blunt edge 6, and the thickness of the I-shaped blunt edge 6 is 1-2 mm. The first V-groove 3 and the second V-groove 4 are designed to be asymmetrical in the upper and lower parts, and the second V-groove 4 is designed with a large angle, while the first V-groove 3 is designed with a small angle, so as to minimize heat input and balance the amount of deposited metal on both sides. On the side of the titanium plate 2, a 70° V-groove is cut from the surface to the I-shaped blunt edge 6. This large angle ensures sufficient penetration during the welding process of the titanium plate 2 weld seam and allows for rapid heat dissipation. On the side of the aluminum plate 1, a 50° V-groove is cut from the surface to the I-shaped blunt edge 6. The smaller angle can reduce the amount of deposited metal on the aluminum plate 1 and reduce heat loss caused by the high thermal conductivity of aluminum. The I-shaped blunt edge 6, the ungrooved area, prevents root burn-through and provides a reliable penetration reference for the first root pass of the heat source during welding in step S3. By synergizing the angle difference between the two sides of the titanium-aluminum groove and the I-shaped blunt edge 6, the total volume of the X-shaped groove in this embodiment is reduced by approximately 25% compared to existing symmetrical grooves, effectively suppressing welding deformation and the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds.

[0044] In this embodiment, a TIG welding torch 8 is used to weld the first V-shaped groove 3 and the second V-shaped groove 4. The welding torch 8 is supplied with high-purity argon gas with a purity of ≥99.99% throughout the welding process, and the flow rate is controlled at 15-30 L·min -1 , in order to form a stable laminar protection zone; tungsten electrode selection The cerium tungsten electrode (CE75) is ground to a 20° cone angle to ensure arc concentration. The Al-Si series ER4043 welding wire is used for filling, and its solidus is about 1414℃. The process window is set to current 80-150A and voltage 20-30V. The titanium plate is replaced with The welding current of ERTi-2 pure titanium welding wire is increased to 100-200A and the welding voltage is reduced to 15-25V to compensate for the high melting point and high resistivity of titanium. The welding speed on both sides of titanium and aluminum is kept uniformly at 6-12cm.min -1 , with a continuous flow of 15-30L.min -1 The back side is protected by argon.

[0045] In this embodiment, the temperature of the weld of the titanium plate 2 is lowered to below 80° C. before welding the first V-groove 3 corresponding to the aluminum plate 1 to fully release the residual stress of the titanium layer and avoid cracks caused by subsequent thermal cycles.

[0046] In this embodiment, in step S5, the ceramic barrier 5 is prepared as follows: a 0.1 mm thick vanadium foil is taken, and a 2-5 μm aluminum oxide layer is evenly sprayed on one or both sides of the foil using an air brush. The foil is air-dried at room temperature for 10 minutes and then placed in a 120°C oven for curing for 20 minutes to form a dense, crack-free ceramic barrier 5; the ceramic barrier 5 is covered on the weld of the titanium plate 2 and temporarily fixed with a high-temperature resistant tape to ensure that the aluminum oxide layer effectively blocks the direct transfer of heat to the titanium-aluminum interface during welding. At the same time, the vanadium foil, as a transition metal, alleviates the thermal expansion difference and reduces the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds.

[0047] In this embodiment, the aluminum plate 1 includes an upper aluminum plate 101 and a lower aluminum plate 102. In step S6, the preheating temperature is maintained at greater than or equal to 180°C, and the first V-shaped groove 3 is first welded to the position corresponding to the lower aluminum plate 102. A φ1.2mm ER5356 welding wire is used, and the heat input is controlled and combined with back argon protection to ensure that the root is fully melted and completely fused with the I-shaped blunt edge 6; then the welding slag is cleaned and the interlayer temperature is maintained at 160-200°C, and then the first V-shaped groove 3 is welded to the position corresponding to the upper aluminum plate 101 using the same process. The welding gun 8 is tilted at 15° to ensure that the weld surface is smooth and the excess height is ≤1mm, and finally a weld of the aluminum plate 1 is obtained that is free of pores, cracks, and metallurgically bonded to the titanium layer interface.

[0048] In this embodiment, after the welding of the weld of the aluminum plate 1 is completed, the titanium-aluminum composite component is placed in a heating furnace, and the heating furnace is heated from room temperature to 225°C within 20 minutes at a uniform ramp rate and maintained at a constant temperature for 120 minutes, and then the heating furnace is cooled to room temperature; after the titanium-aluminum composite component is cooled, the slag is removed, the titanium layer is chemically passivated with HNO3-HF mixed acid, and the aluminum base layer is precisely mechanically polished to obtain a clean final joint with a surface roughness that meets the standard.

[0049] After testing, no defects such as welding inclusions, cracks, and incomplete penetration were found in the final joint. Under macroscopic visual inspection, the weld was uniformly formed, without undercuts or collapses; the results of penetrant testing (PT) showed that there were no open cracks or pores on the entire weld surface; X-ray testing (RT) did not find internal inclusions, incomplete fusion or incomplete penetration defects; SEM scanning confirmed that the interface between the fusion zone and the heat-affected zone was clear, with no interlayer separation; further bending tests were carried out in accordance with GB / T2653. After bending 180°, no cracking or peeling occurred on the weld and the interface. Comprehensively judged that the weld quality is excellent and meets the engineering design requirements.

[0050] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0051] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for welding special-shaped grooves of titanium-aluminum composite plates, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: stacking an aluminum plate (1) and a titanium plate (2) on top of each other and hot-rolling and metallurgically bonding them to obtain a titanium-aluminum composite plate; S2: After preheating, the two titanium-aluminum composite plates are fixed symmetrically to each other, and an X-shaped groove is formed between the two titanium-aluminum composite plates; the titanium plate (2) includes an upper titanium plate (201) and a lower titanium plate (202); the X-shaped groove forms a first V-shaped groove (3) corresponding to the aluminum plate (1) and the upper titanium plate (201), and forms a second V-shaped groove (4) corresponding to the lower titanium plate (202); the first V-shaped groove (3) and the second V-shaped groove (4) are connected, and the angle of the second V-shaped groove (4) is greater than the angle of the first V-shaped groove (3); S3: welding the second V-shaped groove (4) to weld and fix the lower titanium plates (202) of the two titanium-aluminum composite plates; S4: turning over the two titanium-aluminum composite plates, welding the first V-shaped groove (3) to the position corresponding to the upper titanium plate (201), welding and fixing the upper titanium plates (201) of the two titanium-aluminum composite plates to form a titanium plate (2) weld, and the upper surface of the titanium plate (2) weld is connected to the lower surface of the aluminum plate (1); S5: arranging a ceramic barrier (5) on the upper surface of the weld of the titanium plate (2); S6: Welding the first V-shaped groove (3) on the ceramic barrier (5) at a position corresponding to the aluminum plate (1) to form a weld seam of the aluminum plate (1) to obtain a titanium-aluminum composite component.

2. The method for welding special-shaped grooves of titanium-aluminum composite plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the aluminum plate (1) and the titanium plate (2) are metallurgically bonded at a thickness ratio of 5:4.5 under hot rolling conditions at 450° C. and a reduction rate of 50% to obtain a titanium-aluminum composite plate.

3. The method for welding special-shaped grooves of titanium-aluminum composite plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, preheating includes the following steps: Place the titanium-aluminum composite plate in an electric heating platform or hot air circulation furnace for preheating. The preheating temperature is 200-250℃ and the heating rate is 10℃·min -1 When the temperature of the titanium-aluminum composite plate reaches the preset temperature, it is kept warm for more than 30 minutes so that the welding temperature in step S3 is not lower than 180°C.

4. The method for welding special-shaped grooves of titanium-aluminum composite plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before preheating, the groove and surface of the titanium aluminum composite plate are cleaned. First, an angle grinder equipped with a stainless steel grinding disc is used to mechanically grind the X-shaped groove and the area extending 20 mm on both sides to remove rolling scale, oil stains and attached impurities; then, 400-600 mesh fine sandpaper is used to grind in the same direction until a uniform metallic luster is exposed; the surface of the aluminum plate (1) is first soaked in 5% NaOH solution for 30 seconds, then rinsed with running clean water and air-dried to remove the oxide film; finally, a non-woven cloth dipped in acetone or anhydrous alcohol is used to wipe the groove and the adjacent area to make the surface dry and pollution-free.

5. The method for welding special-shaped grooves of titanium-aluminum composite plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle of the first V-shaped groove (3) is 50°, the angle of the second V-shaped groove (4) is 70°, the first V-shaped groove (3) and the second V-shaped groove (4) are connected by an I-shaped blunt edge (6), and the thickness of the I-shaped blunt edge (6) is 1-2 mm.

6. The method for welding special-shaped grooves of titanium-aluminum composite plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, a TIG welding gun (8) is used to weld the second V-shaped groove (4), with a welding current of 100-200A and a welding voltage of 15-25V.

7. The method for welding special-shaped grooves of titanium-aluminum composite plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the temperature of the titanium plate (2) weld seam drops below 80° C., welding of the first V-shaped groove (3) corresponding to the position of the aluminum plate (1) is started.

8. The method for welding special-shaped grooves of titanium-aluminum composite plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the ceramic barrier (5) is prepared as follows: a 0.1 mm thick vanadium foil is taken, and a 2-5 μm aluminum oxide layer is evenly sprayed on one or both sides of the foil using an air brush. The foil is air-dried at room temperature for 10 minutes and then placed in a 120° C. oven for curing for 20 minutes to form a dense, crack-free ceramic barrier (5); the ceramic barrier (5) is covered on the weld of the titanium plate (2) and temporarily fixed with a high-temperature resistant tape.

9. The method for welding special-shaped grooves of titanium-aluminum composite plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum plate (1) comprises an upper aluminum plate (101) and a lower aluminum plate (102). In step S6, the first V-shaped groove (3) is welded to a position corresponding to the lower aluminum plate (102), and then the first V-shaped groove (3) is welded to a position corresponding to the upper aluminum plate (101).

10. The method for welding special-shaped grooves of titanium-aluminum composite plates according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the welding of the aluminum plate (1) is completed, the titanium-aluminum composite component is placed in a heating furnace, and the heating furnace is heated from room temperature to 225° C. within 20 minutes at a uniform ramp rate and maintained at a constant temperature for 120 minutes, and then the heating furnace is cooled to room temperature; after the titanium-aluminum composite component is cooled, slag removal, HNO3-HF mixed acid chemical passivation of the titanium composite layer, and precision mechanical polishing of the aluminum base layer are sequentially performed to obtain a final joint.

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