Efficient PDC drill bit capable of strengthening chip removal and cooling

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient PDC drill bit capable of strengthening chip removal and cooling, and belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment. The invention provides an efficient PDC drill bit capable of strengthening chip removal and cooling. The efficient PDC drill bit comprises a drill bit base body, blades, cutting teeth, a connector and a jet nozzle. A liquid injection cavity is formed in the drill bit base body, and a nozzle seat is arranged outside the drill bit base body The blades are arranged on the drill bit base body; the cutting teeth are arranged on the blades; the connector is connected with the drill bit base body; the jet nozzle is mounted on the nozzle holder; the blades are arranged on the drill bit base body in the circumferential direction. A chip groove is formed by a space between every two adjacent blades; a plurality of impact crushing mechanisms are arranged at each chip groove; the impact crushing mechanism comprises a telescopic groove and an impact crushing part; by arranging the impacting and smashing mechanism in the chip groove, when the chip groove is blocked, blocked rock debris can be impacted and smashed in time, and the drilling efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of drilling equipment, and more particularly relates to a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling. Background Art

[0002] As a core tool in modern drilling engineering, polycrystalline diamond composite (PDC) drill bits are widely used in oil and gas drilling, coalbed methane development, and geological exploration due to their ultra-hard and wear-resistant properties. Traditional PDC drill bits achieve cuttings removal through a multi-cutting tooth layout design and a hydraulic structure. However, they still face two key technical bottlenecks when drilling deep and ultra-deep wells and complex formations:

[0003] 1. Poor chip removal: Traditional spiral or direct current water hole layouts can easily lead to the accumulation of rock chips on the drill bit crown, especially in viscous formations, which can easily cause "mud packing" and reduce the mechanical drilling speed by more than 30%;

[0004] 2. Uneven cooling: The existing drilling fluid distribution method is difficult to take into account the synchronous cooling of the cutting edge and side of the cutting teeth. When the local temperature rise exceeds 300°C, it is easy to cause thermal wear failure of the PDC composite sheet, seriously affecting the service life of the drill bit.

[0005] In view of this, the inventor applied to design a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling, so as to solve the technical problems of poor chip removal and uneven cooling of PDC drill bits in the prior art.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: providing an efficient PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling, comprising a drill bit base, blades, cutting teeth, a connector and a jet nozzle; the drill bit base is provided with a liquid injection chamber inside and a nozzle holder outside; the blades are arranged on the drill bit base; the cutting teeth are arranged on the blades to cut the rock during the drilling process; the connector is connected to the drill bit base to connect with the drill pipe; the jet nozzle is installed on the nozzle holder to spray the drilling fluid; wherein, the blades are arranged in a circular The blades are arranged in a circumferential direction on the drill bit base; the space between two adjacent blades constitutes a chip groove; each chip groove is provided with a plurality of impact crushing mechanisms; wherein the impact crushing mechanism includes a telescopic groove and an impact crushing member; the telescopic groove is provided on the drill bit base for communicating with the injection chamber; the impact crushing member is movably arranged in the telescopic groove, and the impact crushing member is provided with crushing teeth and a water outlet hole, the crushing teeth are used to crush the accumulated rock cuttings, and the water outlet hole is used to spray drilling fluid to impact the accumulated rock cuttings.

[0008] In combination with the above technical solution, in a possible implementation method, the impact crushing mechanism also includes a first elastic member and a first rotating body, one end of the first elastic member is connected to the bottom wall of the telescopic slot, and the other end is connected to the first rotating body, and a rotating shaft is rotatably provided on the first rotating body, and the rotating shaft is connected to the impact crushing member.

[0009] In combination with the above technical solution, in a possible implementation method, the crushing teeth include a cutting block and a cutting head, the cutting blocks are circumferentially arranged on the impact crushing member, and the cutting head is arranged on the cutting block; the water outlet is obliquely arranged on the impact crushing member to drive the impact crushing member to rotate when the drilling fluid passes through the water outlet.

[0010] In combination with the above technical solution, in a possible implementation, the blade includes three main wings and three ailerons, and the three main wings and the three ailerons are arranged in sequence on the drill bit base at intervals.

[0011] In combination with the above technical solution, in a possible implementation method, a curved surface is provided on the main wing, a receiving groove is opened on the curved surface, an extrusion mechanism is provided in the receiving groove, and the extrusion mechanism includes an extrusion sheet and a second elastic member, one end of the extrusion sheet is hinged to the inside of the receiving groove, one end of the second elastic member is connected to the extrusion sheet, and the other end is connected to the bottom wall of the receiving groove.

[0012] In combination with the above technical solution, in a possible implementation method, the nozzle holder includes a first nozzle holder, a second nozzle holder and a third nozzle holder, the first nozzle holder is arranged at the center position of the upper end face of the drill bit base, the second nozzle holder is arranged at the upper part of each of the chip grooves, and the third nozzle holder is arranged in the middle part of each of the chip grooves; the injection nozzle includes a first nozzle, a second nozzle and a third nozzle, the first nozzle is installed on the first nozzle holder, the second nozzle is installed on the second nozzle holder, and the third nozzle is installed on the third nozzle holder.

[0013] In combination with the above technical solution, in a possible implementation method, the injection chamber includes a first flow chamber and a second flow chamber, the first flow chamber is connected to the first nozzle and the second nozzle to realize water supply to the first nozzle and the second nozzle, and the second flow chamber is connected to the telescopic groove and the third nozzle to realize water supply to the telescopic groove and the third nozzle.

[0014] In combination with the above technical solution, in a possible implementation method, the first nozzle includes a first turntable and a circumferential nozzle, the first turntable is installed on the first nozzle seat, and a first rotating ring is rotatably provided on the first turntable; the circumferential nozzle is arranged on the first rotating ring, and a plurality of nozzles are circumferentially provided at the upper end of the circumferential nozzle, and the lower end of the circumferential nozzle is connected to a hydraulic fan, and an inclined through hole is opened on the hydraulic fan, so that when the drilling fluid passes through the through hole, the hydraulic fan will rotate under the action of water force and drive the circumferential nozzle to rotate.

[0015] In combination with the above technical solution, in a possible implementation, the second nozzle includes a second rotating disk and a plum blossom nozzle, the second rotating disk is mounted on the second nozzle seat, a second rotating ring is rotatably provided on the second rotating disk, the plum blossom nozzle is arranged on the second rotating ring, the plum blossom nozzle includes a first mounting portion, a first constricted portion, a first flow stabilizing portion and a second constricted portion, the first mounting portion is fixedly connected to the second nozzle seat, the first mounting portion, the first constricted portion, the first flow stabilizing portion and the second constricted portion are connected in sequence, the water outlet end of the second constricted portion is provided with four scattering ports, and the inner surface of the second constricted portion is provided with a plurality of spirally arranged acceleration flow channels;

[0016] The plum blossom nozzle also includes a stirring blade for striking the rock chips when the plum blossom nozzle rotates, thereby causing the rock chips to be discharged. Four stirring blades are provided, and all are fixedly connected to the first necking portion, the first flow stabilizing portion, and the second necking portion.

[0017] In combination with the above technical solution, in a possible implementation method, the third nozzle includes a nozzle body, which is fixedly mounted on the third nozzle seat, and the nozzle body includes a second mounting portion, a third necking portion, a second flow stabilizing portion and a fourth necking portion, the second mounting portion is fixedly connected to the third nozzle seat, and the second mounting portion, the third necking portion, the second flow stabilizing portion and the fourth necking portion are connected in sequence.

[0018] The beneficial effect of the high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by the present invention is that, compared with the prior art, an impact crushing mechanism is provided at each chip groove thereof, and the impact crushing mechanism includes an impact crushing piece and a telescopic groove. During drilling, most of the drilling fluid will be ejected through the injection nozzle. Since the telescopic groove and the injection chamber are connected, a small amount of drilling fluid will flow out through the telescopic groove. At this time, the impact crushing piece will not be separated from the telescopic groove for too long. If a large amount of rock cuttings are blocked at the chip groove, the drilling fluid ejected through the injection nozzle will be reduced. The amount of drilling fluid discharged from the expansion slot will increase, and a large amount of drilling fluid will flow into the expansion slot, exerting a huge force on the impact breaker, causing it to move away from the expansion slot for a distance. At the same time, a large amount of drilling fluid will be ejected from the water outlet of the impact breaker to impact the rock cuttings. Under the action of the hydraulic force, the impact breaker will also begin to rotate. During the rotation of the impact breaker, the crushing teeth will crush the rock cuttings blocked in the chip chute. Under the impact of the drilling fluid, the rock cuttings are discharged from the chip chute. After the impact and crushing are completed, the jet nozzle is restored to normal operation, and the impact breaker automatically returns to the expansion slot. By installing an impact crushing mechanism in the chip chute, when the chip chute is congested, the congested rock cuttings can be impacted and crushed in time, greatly improving drilling efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a drill bit base body of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid injection cavity in the drill bit base of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of an impact crushing element of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram from another perspective of the impact crushing element of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention when the extrusion mechanism is arranged on the main wing;

[0026] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Exploded diagram;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic structural diagram of an extrusion mechanism for a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 A schematic structural diagram of a first nozzle of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 for Figure 9 Exploded diagram;

[0030] Figure 11 A schematic structural diagram of another perspective of the first nozzle of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 12 A schematic structural diagram of a second nozzle of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 13 for Figure 12 Exploded diagram;

[0033] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of the structure of the accelerating flow channel inside the plum blossom nozzle of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 15 A schematic structural diagram of the third nozzle of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Among them, the reference numerals in the figures are as follows:

[0036] 10. Drill bit base; 11. Liquid injection cavity; 111. First flow cavity; 112. Second flow cavity;

[0037] 12. Nozzle seat; 121. First nozzle seat; 122. Second nozzle seat; 123. Third nozzle seat; 20. Blade;

[0038] 21. Main wing; 211. Curved surface; 212. Accommodation slot; 22. Aileron; 30. Cutting tooth;

[0039] 40. Connector; 50. Injection nozzle; 51. First nozzle; 511. First turntable;

[0040] 5111, first rotating ring; 512, circumferential nozzle; 5121, nozzle; 513, hydraulic fan;

[0041] 5131, through hole; 52, second nozzle; 521, second turntable; 5211, second rotating ring;

[0042] 522, plum blossom nozzle; 5221, first mounting portion; 5222, first necking portion;

[0043] 5223, first flow stabilizing portion; 5224, second constricted portion; 5225, scattering port; 5226, accelerating flow channel;

[0044] 5227, stirring blade; 53, third nozzle; 531, nozzle body; 5311, second mounting portion;

[0045] 5312, third constriction; 5313, second flow stabilization portion; 5314, fourth constriction; 60, chip removal groove;

[0046] 70. Impact crushing mechanism; 71. Telescopic slot; 72. Impact crushing element; 721. Crushing teeth;

[0047] 7211, cutting block; 7212, cutting head; 722, water outlet; 73, first rotating body; 731, rotating shaft; 74, first elastic body; 80, extrusion mechanism; 81, extrusion sheet; 82, second elastic member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments, and the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] It should be further explained that the drawings and implementation methods of the present invention mainly describe the concept of the present invention. On the basis of this concept, the specific forms and settings of some connection relationships, positional relationships, power mechanisms, power supply systems, hydraulic systems and control systems may not be fully described. However, on the premise that those skilled in the art understand the concept of the present invention, those skilled in the art can implement the above-mentioned specific forms and settings in a well-known manner.

[0050] When an element is referred to as being “fixed to” or “disposed on” another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element.

[0051] The directional words "inside" and "outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself. The terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" indicate the directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operate in a specific direction. Therefore, they should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0052] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be subsequently positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device may also be positioned in other different ways, and the spatially relative descriptions used herein are interpreted accordingly.

[0053] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the technical features being referred to. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, and "several" means one or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0054] The high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by the present invention is now described.

[0055] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling, comprising a drill bit base 10, blades 20, cutting teeth 30, a connector 40 and a jet nozzle 50; the drill bit base 10 is provided with a liquid injection chamber 11 inside and a nozzle holder 12 outside; the blades 20 are provided on the drill bit base 10; the cutting teeth 30 are provided on the blades 20 for cutting rocks during drilling; the connector 40 is connected to the drill bit base 10 for connecting to the drill pipe; the jet nozzle 50 is installed on the nozzle holder 12 for jetting drilling fluid; wherein the blades 20 are arranged in a circumferential direction. The drill bit base 10 is arranged on the drill bit base 10; the space between two adjacent blades 20 constitutes a chip groove 60; each chip groove 60 is provided with a plurality of impact crushing mechanisms 70; wherein, the impact crushing mechanism 70 includes a telescopic groove 71 and an impact crushing member 72; the telescopic groove 71 is provided on the drill bit base 10 for communicating with the injection chamber 11; the impact crushing member 72 is movably arranged in the telescopic groove 71, and the impact crushing member 72 is provided with crushing teeth 721 and a water outlet 722, the crushing teeth 721 is used to crush the accumulated rock cuttings, and the water outlet 722 is used to spray drilling fluid to impact the accumulated rock cuttings.

[0056] The present invention provides a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling. Compared with the prior art, an impact crushing mechanism 70 is provided at each chip groove 60. The impact crushing mechanism 70 includes an impact crushing piece 72 and a telescopic groove 71. During normal drilling, most of the drilling fluid will be ejected through the injection nozzle 50. Since the telescopic groove 71 is connected to the injection chamber 11, a small amount of drilling fluid will flow out through the telescopic groove 71. At this time, the impact crushing piece 72 will not be separated from the telescopic groove 71 for a long distance. If a large amount of rock cuttings are blocked at the chip groove 60, the drilling fluid ejected through the injection nozzle 50 will be reduced, and the drilling fluid through the telescopic groove 71 will be reduced. The amount of drilling fluid discharged will increase, and a large amount of drilling fluid will flow into the expansion slot 71, exerting a huge force on the impact and pulverizing element 72, causing it to move a distance away from the expansion slot 71. At the same time, a large amount of drilling fluid will be ejected from the water outlet 722 of the impact and pulverizing element 72 to impact the rock cuttings. Under the action of the hydraulic force, the impact and pulverizing element 72 will also begin to rotate. During the rotation of the impact and pulverizing element 72, the pulverizing teeth 721 will pulverize the rock cuttings blocked in the chip discharge chute 60. Under the impact of the drilling fluid, the rock cuttings are discharged from the chip discharge chute 60. After the impact and pulverization are completed, the injection nozzle 50 is restored to normal operation, and the impact and pulverizing element 72 automatically returns to the expansion slot 71. By providing the impact and pulverizing mechanism 70 in the chip discharge chute 60, when the chip discharge chute 60 is congested, the blocked rock cuttings can be impacted and pulverized in a timely manner, thereby significantly improving drilling efficiency.

[0057] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in a specific embodiment of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the impact crushing mechanism 70 also includes a first elastic member 74 and a first rotator 73. One end of the first elastic member 74 is connected to the bottom wall of the telescopic slot 71, and the other end is connected to the first rotator 73. A rotating shaft 731 is rotatably provided on the first rotator 73, and the rotating shaft 731 is connected to the impact crushing member 72.

[0058] It should be noted that the first elastic member 74 can be a tension spring, a compressed gas spring and a rubber spring, and the tension spring is preferred. When using the drill bit, if the drilling fluid flowing into the telescopic groove 71 is small, the thrust of the drilling fluid on the impact smashing member 72 is smaller than the tension of the tension spring, and the impact smashing member 72 will not separate from the telescopic groove 71. If the drilling fluid flowing into the telescopic groove 71 is large, the thrust of the drilling fluid on the impact smashing member 72 is greater than the tension of the tension spring, and the impact smashing member 72 will separate from the telescopic groove 71 for a distance. In addition, by installing the impact smashing member 72 on the rotating shaft 731, the rotating shaft 731 can rotate relative to the first rotating body 73, and therefore, the impact smashing member 72 can also rotate relative to the first rotating body 73.

[0059] like Figure 4 As shown, in a specific embodiment of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the breaker teeth 721 include a cutting block 7211 and a cutting head 7212, the cutting blocks 7211 are circumferentially arranged on the impact breaker 72, and the cutting head 7212 is arranged on the cutting block 7211; the water outlet 722 is obliquely arranged on the impact breaker 72, so as to drive the impact breaker 72 to rotate when the drilling fluid passes through the water outlet 722.

[0060] Specifically, if the chip discharge groove 60 is clogged with cuttings, the drilling fluid ejected from the injection nozzle 50 is reduced due to the cutting congestion, resulting in a portion of drilling fluid flowing into the telescopic groove 71. At this time, the drilling fluid exerts a thrust on the impact breaker 72 that is greater than the thrust of the tension spring, causing the impact breaker 72 to extend out of the telescopic groove 71. At the same time, a large amount of drilling fluid is ejected through the water outlet 722 obliquely arranged on the impact breaker 72, thereby driving the impact breaker 72 to rotate rapidly. In the process of extending out of the telescopic groove 71, the cutting head 7212 first contacts the cuttings and crushes the cuttings clogged in the chip discharge groove 60 layer by layer under the action of rotation. Then, the cutting block 7211 contacts the undismored cuttings and thoroughly stirs them apart. Moreover, due to the rapid and large amount of drilling fluid ejected from the water outlet 722, the scraped cuttings can be impacted by the drilling fluid and thus discharged from the chip discharge groove 60.

[0061] Under normal working conditions, drilling fluid will also be discharged through the telescopic groove 71. At this time, the impact and crushing member 72 is also rotating, and the water outlet 722 will also discharge part of the drilling fluid, which can also impact and crush the rock cuttings in the chip discharge groove 60, playing a certain preventive role in the congestion of rock cuttings during the drilling process.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, in a specific embodiment of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the blade wing 20 includes three main wings 21 and three ailerons 22, and the three main wings 21 and the three ailerons 22 are arranged in sequence on the drill bit base 10 at intervals.

[0063] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in a specific embodiment of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the nozzle holder 12 includes a first nozzle holder 121, a second nozzle holder 122 and a third nozzle holder 123, the first nozzle holder 121 is arranged at the center position of the upper end surface of the drill bit base 10, the second nozzle holder 122 is arranged at the upper part of each chip groove 60, and the third nozzle holder 123 is arranged in the middle part of each chip groove 60; the injection nozzle 50 includes a first nozzle 51, a second nozzle 52 and a third nozzle 53, the first nozzle 51 is installed on the first nozzle holder 121, the second nozzle 52 is installed on the second nozzle holder 122, and the third nozzle 53 is installed on the third nozzle holder 123.

[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, in a specific embodiment of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid injection chamber 11 includes a first flow chamber 111 and a second flow chamber 112. The first flow chamber 111 is connected to the first nozzle 51 and the second nozzle 52 to realize water supply to the first nozzle 51 and the second nozzle 52. The second flow chamber 112 is connected to the telescopic groove 71 and the third nozzle 53 to realize water supply to the telescopic groove 71 and the third nozzle 53.

[0065] Specifically, when using a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by the present invention, the drilling fluid is collected in the injection chamber 11 in the drill bit. The injection chamber 11 is divided into two parts. Part of the drilling fluid will supply water to the first nozzle 51 and the second nozzle 52 through the first flow chamber 111, and part of the drilling fluid will supply water to the expansion groove 71 and the third nozzle 53 separately through the second flow chamber 112. The purpose of setting such a structure is to make the expansion groove 71 and the third nozzle 53 share the second flow chamber 112. Because the third nozzle 53 is set in the middle of the chip removal groove 60, the probability of chip accumulation at this position is very high. When the third nozzle 53 reduces the injection amount due to chip accumulation, the excess water in the second flow chamber 112 will directly enter the expansion groove 71 and be discharged through the water outlet 722 on the impact crusher 72. In addition, by setting the first flow chamber 111 and the second flow chamber 112, the flow area of ​​the drilling fluid that can pass through the drill bit is increased, and it can also have a certain effect on cooling the drill bit.

[0066] like Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, in a specific embodiment of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the first nozzle 51 includes a first turntable 511 and a circumferential nozzle 512, the first turntable 511 is installed on the first nozzle seat 121, and a first rotating ring 5111 is rotatably provided on the first turntable 511; the circumferential nozzle 512 is arranged on the first rotating ring 5111, and a plurality of nozzles 5121 are circumferentially provided at the upper end of the circumferential nozzle 512, and the lower end of the circumferential nozzle 512 is connected to a hydraulic fan 513, and an inclined through hole 5131 is opened on the hydraulic fan 513, so that when the drilling fluid passes through the through hole 5131, the hydraulic fan 513 will rotate under the action of water and drive the circumferential nozzle 512 to rotate.

[0067] Specifically, the circumferential nozzle 512 is rotatable. The circumferential nozzle 512 is installed on the first rotating ring 5111 of the first turntable 511, so that it can rotate relative to the first turntable 511. When the drilling fluid in the first flow cavity 111 enters the circumferential nozzle 512, the drilling fluid passes through the hydraulic fan 513 and flows out from the through hole 5131 on the hydraulic fan 513, causing the hydraulic fan 513 to start rotating, thereby driving the entire circumferential nozzle 512 to rotate. In addition, drilling fluid will also enter the circumferential nozzle 512 and be ejected through several nozzles 5121. The circumferential nozzle 512 rotates while spraying drilling fluid. On the one hand, it can flush the generated rock cuttings, and on the other hand, it can also cool this drill bit.

[0068] like Figure 12 、 Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, in a specific embodiment of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the second nozzle 52 includes a second rotary disk 521 and a plum blossom nozzle 522. The second rotary disk 521 is mounted on the second nozzle seat 122. A second rotating ring 5211 is rotatably provided on the second rotary disk 521. The plum blossom nozzle 522 is arranged on the second rotating ring 5211. The plum blossom nozzle 522 includes a first mounting portion 5221, a first constricted portion 5222, a first flow stabilizing portion 5223 and a second constricted portion 5224. The first mounting portion 5221 is fixedly connected to the second nozzle seat 122. The first mounting portion 5221, the first constricted portion 5222, the first flow stabilizing portion 5223 and the second constricted portion 5224 are connected in sequence. Four scattering ports 5225 are provided at the water outlet end of the second constricted portion 5224, and a plurality of spirally arranged accelerating flow channels 5226 are provided on the inner surface of the second constricted portion 5224.

[0069] The plum blossom nozzle 522 also includes stirring blades 5227 for striking the rock chips when the plum blossom nozzle 522 rotates, thereby causing the rock chips to be discharged. There are four stirring blades 5227 , and each of them is fixedly connected to the first constricted portion 5222 , the first flow stabilizing portion, and the second constricted portion 5224 .

[0070] It should be noted that the plum blossom nozzle 522 is also rotatable. The plum blossom nozzle 522 is mounted on the second rotating ring 5211 of the second rotating disk 521, so that it can rotate relative to the second rotating disk 521. When the drilling fluid in the first flow cavity 111 enters the plum blossom nozzle 522, it is first accelerated by the first constricted portion 5222, then enters the first flow stabilizing portion 5223, and is ejected from the second constricted portion 5224. It will not only be ejected from the ejection port of the plum blossom nozzle 522, but also from the four scattering ports 5225. Moreover, due to the second The inner surface of the necked portion 5224 is provided with a spirally arranged acceleration flow channel 5226. When the drilling fluid is ejected through the acceleration flow channel 5226, it will be ejected in a spiral shape, more rapidly and turbulently, so that its impact on the rock cuttings is stronger. During the ejection process, since the drilling fluid passes through the spiral acceleration flow channel 5226, it will also drive the entire plum blossom nozzle 522 to rotate; in addition, since the plum blossom nozzle 522 is also provided with a stirring piece 5227, when the plum blossom nozzle 522 rotates, the stirring piece 5227 can also hit the rock cuttings, prompting them to be discharged from the chip discharge groove 60.

[0071] like Figure 6 、 Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown, in a specific embodiment of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention, a curved surface 211 is provided on the main wing 21, and a receiving groove 212 is opened on the curved surface 211. An extrusion mechanism 80 is provided in the receiving groove 212, and the extrusion mechanism 80 includes an extrusion sheet 81 and a second elastic member 82. One end of the extrusion sheet 81 is hinged to the inside of the receiving groove 212, and one end of the second elastic member 82 is connected to the extrusion sheet 81, and the other end is connected to the bottom wall of the receiving groove 212.

[0072] It should also be noted that the second elastic member 82 is a compression spring, a compression gas spring and a rubber spring, preferably a compression spring, because the circumferential nozzle 5121 and the plum blossom nozzle 522 are always rotating during the injection process, so the drilling fluid injected by the axial nozzle 5121 and the plum blossom nozzle 522 will generate a thrust on the extrusion piece 81 hinged in the receiving groove 212. When the thrust generated is greater than the elastic force of the compression spring, one end of the extrusion piece 81 will sink into the receiving groove 212. When the thrust generated is less than the elastic force of the compression spring, the extrusion piece 81 will sink into the receiving groove 212. One end will reset, therefore, under the thrust of the drilling fluid ejected by the axial nozzle 5121 and the plum blossom nozzle 522, the extrusion piece 81 reciprocates, which will push the rock cuttings in the chip groove 60, making it easier for the rock cuttings and drilling fluid to be discharged from the chip groove 60. In addition, because a receiving groove 212 is opened on the curved surface 211 of the main wing 21, the drilling fluid will also flow into the receiving groove 212. The reciprocating motion of the extrusion piece 81 will cause the drilling fluid in the receiving groove 212 to be repeatedly replaced, which also plays a huge role in the cooling effect of the drill bit.

[0073] like Figure 15 As shown, in a specific embodiment of a high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the third nozzle 53 includes a nozzle body 531, which is fixedly mounted on the third nozzle seat 123. The nozzle body 531 includes a second mounting portion 5311, a third necking portion 5312, a second flow stabilizing portion 5313 and a fourth necking portion 5314. The second mounting portion 5311 is fixedly connected to the third nozzle seat 123, and the second mounting portion 5311, the third necking portion 5312, the second flow stabilizing portion 5313 and the fourth necking portion 5314 are connected in sequence.

[0074] Here, the third nozzle 53 is directly mounted on the third nozzle holder 123. When the drilling fluid in the second flow cavity 112 enters the third nozzle 53, it is first accelerated through the third constricted portion 5312, then enters the second flow stabilizing portion 5313, and then accelerated and ejected from the fourth constricted portion 5314.

[0075] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0076] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0077] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The techniques, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the authorization specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as being merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling, characterized in that: include: A drill bit base (10) is provided with a liquid injection cavity (11) inside and a nozzle seat (12) outside; A blade (20) is provided on the drill bit base (10); Cutting teeth (30) are provided on the blade (20) for cutting rocks during drilling; A connector (40) connected to the drill bit base (10) for connecting to a drill rod; an injection nozzle (50) mounted on the nozzle holder (12) for injecting drilling fluid; Wherein, the blades (20) are arranged on the drill bit base (10) in a circumferential direction; The space between two adjacent blades (20) forms a chip removal groove (60); Each of the chip removal grooves (60) is provided with a plurality of impact crushing mechanisms (70); Wherein, the impact crushing mechanism (70) comprises: a telescopic groove (71) provided on the drill bit base (10) for communicating with the injection cavity (11); An impact crushing member (72) is movably arranged in the telescopic groove (71). The impact crushing member (72) is provided with crushing teeth (721) and a water outlet (722). The crushing teeth (721) are used to crush the accumulated rock cuttings, and the water outlet (722) is used to spray drilling fluid to impact the accumulated rock cuttings.

2. A high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact crushing mechanism (70) further comprises a first elastic member (74) and a first rotating body (73), one end of the first elastic member (74) being connected to the bottom wall of the telescopic slot (71), and the other end being connected to the first rotating body (73), a rotating shaft (731) being rotatably provided on the first rotating body (73), and the rotating shaft (731) being connected to the impact crushing member (72).

3. The high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing teeth (721) include a cutting block (7211) and a cutting head (7212); the cutting block (7211) is circumferentially arranged on the impact crushing member (72); and the cutting head (7212) is arranged on the cutting block (7211); the water outlet (722) is obliquely arranged on the impact crushing member (72) to drive the impact crushing member (72) to rotate when drilling fluid passes through the water outlet (722).

4. The high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (20) comprises three main wings (21) and three ailerons (22), and the three main wings (21) and the three ailerons (22) are arranged in sequence on the drill bit base (10) at intervals.

5. The high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main wing (21) is provided with a curved surface (211), the curved surface (211) is provided with a receiving groove (212), an extrusion mechanism (80) is provided in the receiving groove (212), the extrusion mechanism (80) comprises an extrusion sheet (81) and a second elastic member (82), one end of the extrusion sheet (81) is hinged to the inside of the receiving groove (212), one end of the second elastic member (82) is connected to the extrusion sheet (81), and the other end is connected to the bottom wall of the receiving groove (212).

6. The high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle holder (12) comprises a first nozzle holder (121), a second nozzle holder (122) and a third nozzle holder (123), wherein the first nozzle holder (121) is arranged at the center position of the upper end surface of the drill base (10), the second nozzle holder (122) is arranged at the upper part of each of the chip removal grooves (60), and the third nozzle holder (123) is arranged at the middle part of each of the chip removal grooves (60); the injection nozzle (50) comprises a first nozzle (51), a second nozzle (52) and a third nozzle (53), wherein the first nozzle (51) is mounted on the first nozzle holder (121), the second nozzle (52) is mounted on the second nozzle holder (122), and the third nozzle (53) is mounted on the third nozzle holder (123).

7. The high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The injection chamber (11) comprises a first flow chamber (111) and a second flow chamber (112), wherein the first flow chamber (111) is connected to the first nozzle (51) and the second nozzle (52) to realize water supply to the first nozzle (51) and the second nozzle (52), and the second flow chamber (112) is connected to the telescopic groove (71) and the third nozzle (53) to realize water supply to the telescopic groove (71) and the third nozzle (53).

8. The high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first nozzle (51) includes a first turntable (511) and a circumferential nozzle (512). The first turntable (511) is installed on the first nozzle seat (121), and a first rotating ring (5111) is rotatably provided on the first turntable (511); the circumferential nozzle (512) is arranged on the first rotating ring (5111), and a plurality of nozzles (5121) are circumferentially provided at the upper end of the circumferential nozzle (512). The lower end of the circumferential nozzle (512) is connected to a hydraulic fan (513), and an inclined through hole (5131) is provided on the hydraulic fan (513), so that when drilling fluid passes through the through hole (5131), the hydraulic fan (513) will rotate under the action of water and drive the circumferential nozzle (512) to rotate.

9. The high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second nozzle (52) comprises a second rotating disk (521) and a plum blossom nozzle (522); the second rotating disk (521) is mounted on the second nozzle seat (122); a second rotating ring (5211) is rotatably provided on the second rotating disk (521); the plum blossom nozzle (522) is arranged on the second rotating ring (5211); the plum blossom nozzle (522) comprises a first mounting portion (5221), a first constriction portion (5222), a first flow stabilizing portion (5223) and a second constriction portion (5224). The first mounting portion (5221) is fixedly connected to the second nozzle seat (122); the first mounting portion (5221), the first constricted portion (5222), the first flow stabilizing portion (5223) and the second constricted portion (5224) are connected in sequence; the water outlet end of the second constricted portion (5224) is provided with four scattering ports (5225); and the inner surface of the second constricted portion (5224) is provided with a plurality of spirally arranged accelerating flow channels (5226); The plum blossom nozzle (522) further includes a stirring blade (5227) for striking rock chips when the plum blossom nozzle (522) rotates, thereby causing the rock chips to be discharged. Four stirring blades (5227) are provided, and all of them are fixedly connected to the first constricted portion (5222), the first flow stabilizing portion (5223), and the second constricted portion (5224).

10. The high-efficiency PDC drill bit with enhanced chip removal and cooling according to claim 6, characterized in that: The third nozzle (53) includes a nozzle body (531), which is fixedly mounted on the third nozzle seat (123). The nozzle body (531) includes a second mounting portion (5311), a third necking portion (5312), a second flow stabilizing portion (5313) and a fourth necking portion (5314). The second mounting portion (5311) is fixedly connected to the third nozzle seat (123), and the second mounting portion (5311), the third necking portion (5312), the second flow stabilizing portion (5313) and the fourth necking portion (5314) are connected in sequence.

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