A grouting device for tunnel shield construction and its tunnel construction method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a grouting device and method for tunnel shield construction. The grouting device includes a mixing pipe, a scraper, a pneumatic assembly, and a cleaning assembly. The mixing pipe is located on the tail of the shield and extends along the tunneling direction of the shield machine. The end of the mixing pipe furthest from the tail is the discharge end. A static stirring blade is installed inside the mixing pipe. The scraper is slidably disposed within the mixing pipe and slidably connected to the static stirring blade. The pneumatic assembly is used to push the scraper towards the discharge end after grouting. The cleaning assembly is used to introduce cleaning fluid into the mixing pipe from the discharge end when the scraper moves to the discharge end position. The scraper, after grouting, is pushed towards the discharge end by the pneumatic assembly to scrape away residual material on the mixing pipe and the static stirring blade. The cleaning assembly injects cleaning fluid into the mixing pipe from the discharge end, which both pushes the scraper back to its original position and flushes the inside of the mixing pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction technology, and in particular to a grouting device for tunnel shield construction and a tunnel construction method thereof. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of urban underground engineering construction, tunnel boring machines (TBMs) have become the core excavation technology for projects such as subways and municipal pipelines due to their high construction efficiency and minimal disturbance to the surrounding environment. During the advance of the TBM, the cutterhead's excavation diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the tunnel segments, causing a circumferential gap between the segments and the tunnel strata. If not addressed promptly, this can easily lead to ground settlement, segment displacement, and even damage to adjacent structures. Simultaneous grouting technology, as a key means of solving this problem, injects grout into the gaps to both fill the voids and control ground deformation, while also improving the waterproofing performance of the tunnel segments. It is a core element in ensuring structural safety during TBM construction.

[0003] Synchronous grouting is mainly divided into two categories: single-liquid synchronous grouting and double-liquid synchronous grouting. Currently, most tunnel boring machines use single-liquid synchronous grouting, but it has significant drawbacks: the grout has a long solidification time, requiring a considerable amount of time to solidify and take shape. During the solidification period, it is easily affected by ground water erosion or segment displacement, resulting in poor grouting effect and difficulty in quickly forming effective support.

[0004] While simultaneous dual-liquid grouting can shorten the setting time through the chemical reaction of the two grouts, it is difficult to completely remove the grout remaining in the pipeline after grouting. After the residual grout solidifies, it will gradually reduce the cross-section of the pipeline, and repeated accumulation will eventually lead to blockage of the grouting port, affecting the continuity and uniformity of grouting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a grouting device and tunnel construction method for tunnel shield construction, addressing the problem of easy clogging of the static mixing pipe in the current dual-liquid synchronous grouting device.

[0006] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A grouting device for tunnel shield construction, used for synchronous grouting during the tunnel boring machine's excavation process, includes a grouting mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. The grouting mechanism includes a mixing pipe and an auxiliary material pipe. One end of the mixing pipe is located on the tail of the shield and extends along the tunneling direction of the shield machine. The other end of the mixing pipe is the discharge end. A static stirring blade is provided inside the mixing pipe. One end of the auxiliary material pipe is connected to the mixing pipe and located on the side of the static stirring blade away from the discharge end, and is used to inject material into the mixing pipe. The cleaning mechanism includes a scraper, a pneumatic component, and a cleaning component. The scraper is slidably disposed in the mixing pipe along the axial direction and is slidably connected to the static stirring blade. The scraper is located on the side of the auxiliary material pipe away from the discharge end. The pneumatic component is used to push the scraper closer to the discharge end after grouting is completed. The cleaning component is used to introduce cleaning fluid from the discharge end into the mixing pipe when the scraper moves to the discharge end position.

[0008] Preferably, the static stirring blade includes multiple sets of spiral blades, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the mixing tube. The spiral blades of two adjacent sets have opposite directions of rotation and their two close cross sections are perpendicular to each other. Each set of spiral blades consists of two blades, and the two spiral blades in the same set are spaced apart in the radial direction of the mixing tube and have the same direction of rotation. The outer side of each spiral blade is connected to the inner wall of the mixing tube. The scraper includes a first disc, which is rotatably disposed inside the mixing tube and in contact with the inner wall of the mixing tube. The thickness of the first disc in the axial direction of the mixing tube is less than the distance between the two sets of spiral blades. The first disc is provided with four first sliding grooves, and each spiral blade is slidably connected to the spiral blade through one of the first sliding grooves. Each first sliding groove has a notch, and the first disc located between the two sets of spiral blades can rotate relative to the spiral blade through the notch on the first sliding groove.

[0009] Preferably, the scraper further includes a second disc, which is rotatably disposed inside the mixing pipe and rotatably connected to the first disc. The second disc is located on the side of the first disc near the discharge end. The second disc is provided with four second grooves. Each spiral blade can be slidably connected to the second disc through a second groove, and the spiral directions of two adjacent sets of spiral blades are opposite. The dimension of the second groove in the circumferential direction of the second disc is greater than the thickness of the spiral blade in the circumferential direction of the second disc.

[0010] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism further includes a sealing tube, a telescopic tube, and a liquid inlet tube. The sealing tube is sleeved on the mixing tube, and the discharge end of the mixing tube is located inside the sealing tube. The telescopic tube is set inside the sealing tube and sleeved on the mixing tube, and is slidably connected to the sealing tube and the mixing tube along its own axial direction. A first spring is provided inside the sealing tube, and the two ends of the first spring are connected to the sealing tube and the telescopic tube respectively. One end of the liquid inlet tube is set on the sealing tube and communicates with the sealing tube, and the liquid inlet tube is located on the side of the telescopic tube away from the discharge end. A discharge port is opened on the sealing tube, and the discharge port is located on the side of the telescopic tube closer to the discharge end and communicates with the mixing tube. When the telescopic tube slides and moves closer to the discharge end, it can block the discharge port. The telescopic tube is provided with a through hole, and the liquid inlet tube and the mixing tube can communicate through the through hole after the discharge port is blocked.

[0011] Preferably, a third groove is formed on the circumference of the mixing pipe, and a push rod is provided in the third groove to slide along the radial direction of the mixing pipe. The length of the push rod is the same as the wall thickness of the mixing pipe. A locking block is provided on the telescopic pipe to slide along the radial direction of the sealing pipe. A third spring is provided between the locking block and the telescopic pipe to drive the locking block away from the telescopic pipe. The locking block can be inserted into the third groove and abut against the push rod through the third spring. After abutting against the locking block, the end of the push rod away from the locking block is located in the mixing pipe. The second disc is slidably connected to the push rod.

[0012] Preferably, a cone is provided inside the sealing tube, the cone is coaxial with the mixing tube, the cone includes a small end and a large end, the small end is closer to the mixing tube than the large end, and there is a gap between the discharge end and the small end of the cone, and the gap is less than the thickness of the second disc in the axial direction of the mixing tube.

[0013] Preferably, the mixing pipe has a cavity located on the side of all spiral blades away from the discharge end. One end of a group of spiral blades near the cavity is located in the cavity, and the radial dimension of the cavity is larger than the diameter of the spiral blades. One end of the spiral blades located in the cavity is provided with a magnetic block, and the first disc is attracted to the magnetic block. A fourth spring is provided in the cavity, and the two ends of the fourth spring abut against the mixing pipe and the first disc, respectively. During the grouting process, the first disc and the second disc are in contact with the inner wall of the mixing pipe.

[0014] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism further includes an outer cylinder, a stop block, and an air pipe. The outer cylinder is located at the tail of the shield and sleeved on the mixing pipe. The outer cylinder is sealed to the mixing pipe. The outer cylinder has multiple air holes. The stop block is slidably located in the cavity along the extension and retraction direction of the fourth spring. The stop block is connected to the fourth spring. The stop block has an air passage. One end of the air pipe is connected to the inside of the outer cylinder, and the other end of the air pipe is connected to the cavity through the air passage.

[0015] Preferably, there are multiple grouting mechanisms and multiple cleaning mechanisms, with the multiple grouting mechanisms arranged around the circumferential direction of the shield tail, and each cleaning mechanism corresponding to one grouting mechanism.

[0016] The present invention also provides a tunnel construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0017] S1, during grouting, the material is injected into the mixing pipe through the auxiliary material pipe, and the material flows and mixes towards the discharge end through the static stirring blades.

[0018] S2, after grouting is completed, start the pneumatic component. The pneumatic component pushes the scraper to slide inside the mixing pipe and move towards the discharge end.

[0019] S3, shut down the pneumatic components and start the cleaning components. The cleaning components introduce cleaning fluid into the mixing pipe.

[0020] S4, shut down the cleaning component and restart the pneumatic component. The scraper will scrape away the remaining cleaning fluid in the mixing pipe.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: A scraper is installed so that, after grouting is completed, the scraper is pushed towards the discharge end by a pneumatic component. This scrapes away residual material on the mixing pipe and static stirring blades while also making full use of the material and reducing waste. A cleaning component is installed so that cleaning fluid is injected into the mixing pipe from the discharge end. This not only pushes the scraper back to its original position but also flushes the inside of the mixing pipe, preventing material adhering to the inner wall of the mixing pipe and the static stirring blades from condensing into clumps and affecting future use. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a grouting device for tunnel shield construction provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting mechanism of a grouting device for tunnel shield construction provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 A split diagram of the grouting mechanism of a grouting device for tunnel shield construction provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point G in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 A top view of the grouting mechanism of a grouting device for tunnel shield construction provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Sectional view along the BB direction;

[0029] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0030] Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged view at point D;

[0031] Figure 10 for Figure 7 Enlarged view at point E in the middle;

[0032] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view of point F in the middle.

[0033] in:

[0034] 101. Mixing pipe; 102. Auxiliary material pipe; 103. Discharge end; 104. Shield tail; 105. Spiral blade; 106. First disc; 107. First chute; 108. Second disc; 109. Second chute; 110. Sealing pipe; 111. Liquid inlet pipe; 112. First spring; 113. Discharge port; 114. Through hole; 115. Sliding pipe; 116. Plug pipe; 117. Second spring; 120. Push rod; 121. Clamping block; 122. Third spring; 123. Cone; 124. Cavity; 125. Magnetic block; 126. Fourth spring; 131. Outer cylinder; 132. Stop block; 133. Air pipe; 134. Air hole; 135. Air passage. Detailed Implementation

[0035] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0036] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage" used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). It should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0037] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0038] like Figures 1 to 11As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a grouting device for tunnel shield construction, used for synchronous grouting during the tunnel boring machine's excavation process. It includes a grouting mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. The grouting mechanism includes a mixing pipe 101 and an auxiliary pipe 102. One end of the mixing pipe 101 is located on the tail of the shield 104 and extends along the tunneling direction of the shield machine. The other end of the mixing pipe 101 is a discharge end 103. A static stirring blade is provided inside the mixing pipe 101. One end of the auxiliary pipe 102 is connected to the mixing pipe 101 and is located away from the static stirring blade. The material end 103 is located on one side and is used to inject materials into the mixing pipe 101; the cleaning mechanism includes a scraper, a pneumatic component and a cleaning component. The scraper is slidably disposed in the mixing pipe 101 along the axial direction of the mixing pipe 101 and is slidably connected to the static stirring blade; the scraper is located on the side of the auxiliary material pipe 102 away from the discharge end 103. The pneumatic component is used to push the scraper toward the discharge end 103 after the grouting is completed; the cleaning component is used to introduce cleaning liquid from the discharge end 103 into the mixing pipe 101 when the scraper moves to the position of the discharge end 103.

[0039] A scraper is installed so that, after grouting is completed, the scraper is pushed towards the discharge end 103 by a pneumatic component. This scrapes away residual material on the mixing pipe 101 and the static stirring blades, while also making full use of the material and reducing waste. A cleaning component is also installed so that cleaning fluid is injected into the mixing pipe 101 from the discharge end 103. This not only pushes the scraper to reset, but also flushes the inside of the mixing pipe 101, preventing the material adhering to the inner wall of the mixing pipe 101 and the static stirring blades from condensing into lumps and affecting the next use.

[0040] In this embodiment, the static stirring blade includes multiple sets of spiral blades 105. The multiple sets of spiral blades 105 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the mixing tube 101. The two sections of two adjacent sets of spiral blades 105 have opposite rotation directions and are perpendicular to each other. There are two spiral blades 105 in each set, and the two spiral blades 105 in the same set are spaced apart in the radial direction of the mixing tube 101 and have the same rotation direction. The outer side of each spiral blade 105 is connected to the inner wall of the mixing tube 101.

[0041] The scraper includes a first disc 106, which is rotatably disposed inside the mixing pipe 101 and in contact with the inner wall of the mixing pipe 101. The thickness of the first disc 106 in the axial direction of the mixing pipe 101 is less than the spacing between the two sets of spiral blades 105. The first disc 106 is provided with four first grooves 107. Each spiral blade 105 is slidably connected to the first disc 105 through one of the first grooves 107. When the first disc 106 slides on one set of spiral blades 105, two of the spiral blades 105 in that set slide in one of the first grooves 107 respectively. Each first groove 107 has a notch, allowing the first disc 106 located between the two sets of spiral blades 105 to rotate relative to the spiral blades 105 through the notch on the first groove 107. As the first disc 106 gradually separates from the slidably connected set of spiral blades 105 and moves closer to the other set of spiral blades 105, the other two first grooves 107 on the first disc 106 will gradually move closer to the cross-section of the next set of spiral blades 105. Under the action of the notch, the spiral blade 105 has a certain amount of room to move between the first slide grooves 107, and the notch can guide the spiral blade 105 to enter the corresponding first slide groove 107 better.

[0042] In this embodiment, the scraper also includes a second disc 108, which is rotatably disposed inside the mixing pipe 101 and rotatably connected to the first disc 106. The second disc 108 is located on the side of the first disc 106 near the discharge end 103. The second disc 108 is provided with four second grooves 109. Each spiral blade 105 can be slidably connected to the second disc 108 through a second groove 109. The spiral directions of two adjacent sets of spiral blades 105 are opposite. The first groove 107 and the second groove 109 that are not in contact with the spiral blades 105 are not connected to each other. The dimension of the second groove 109 in the circumferential direction of the second disc 108 is greater than the thickness of the spiral blade 105 in the circumferential direction of the second disc 108. Under the action of the pneumatic components, the first disc 106 and the second disc 108 rotate as they approach the discharge end 103 in the mixing pipe 101, guided by the spiral blade 105. The side of the second disc 108 near the discharge end 103 is filled with material, and the material also enters the second chute 109. With the obstruction of the first disc 106, the material will not pass through the first disc 106. The first disc 106 and the second disc 108 can better push the material out of the mixing pipe 101.

[0043] Since the size of the second chute 109 is larger than that of the spiral blade 105, the spiral blade 105 entering the second chute 109 can squeeze out the material in the second chute 109, so that the spiral blade 105 can smoothly enter the second chute 109.

[0044] In this embodiment, the cleaning mechanism further includes a sealing tube 110, a telescopic tube, and a liquid inlet tube 111. The sealing tube 110 is sleeved on the mixing tube 101, and the discharge end 103 of the mixing tube 101 is located inside the sealing tube 110. The end of the sealing tube 110 near the discharge end 103 has a bottom, and the other end of the sealing tube 110 is connected to the circumferential surface of the mixing tube 101. The telescopic tube is disposed inside the sealing tube 110 and sleeved on the mixing tube 101. The telescopic tube is slidably connected to the sealing tube 110 and the mixing tube 101 along its own axial direction. A first spring 112 is provided inside the sealing tube 110. The two ends of the first spring 112 are connected to the sealing tube 110 and the telescopic tube, respectively. When the telescopic tube approaches the discharge end 103, it will stretch the first spring 112. The first spring 112 will provide tension for the telescopic tube to return to its original position. One end of the inlet pipe 111 is attached to and connected to the sealing pipe 110. The inlet pipe 111 is located on the side of the telescopic pipe away from the discharge end 103. The sealing pipe 110 has a discharge port 113, which is located on the side of the telescopic pipe near the discharge end 103 and connected to the mixing pipe 101. The connection between the discharge end 103 and the discharge port 113 allows the material inside the mixing pipe 101 to be discharged into the circumferential gap between the tunnel segment (located inside the shield tail 104, and there are multiple tunnel segments forming a cylinder; when the tunnel boring machine is excavating, the tunnel segment forming the cylinder will be left behind) and the tunnel stratum, thus completing the filling. When the telescopic pipe slides and moves closer to the discharge end 103, it can block the discharge port 113. The telescopic pipe has a through hole 114, through which the inlet pipe 111 and the mixing pipe 101 can be connected after the discharge port 113 is blocked.

[0045] Specifically, the telescopic tube includes a sliding tube 115 and a plug tube 116. The sliding tube 115 is slidably disposed on the mixing tube 101, and the plug tube 116 is slidably disposed on the sliding tube 115. A second spring 117 is provided between the sliding tube 115 and the plug tube 116. The second spring 117 causes the sliding tube 115 and the plug tube 116 to always tend to move away from each other. When the sliding tube 115 slides closer to the discharge end 103, the plug tube 116 can block the discharge port 113 and abut against the sealing tube 110. When the liquid inlet tube 111 is connected to the mixing tube 101 through the through hole 114, the compression of the second spring 117 will increase, and the plug tube 116 can better block the discharge port 113, thereby allowing the cleaning liquid to enter the mixing tube 101 from the discharge end 103 to clean the mixing tube 101.

[0046] A liquid storage tank is provided at the end of the mixing pipe 101 away from the discharge end 103 for storing cleaning fluid in the mixing pipe 101.

[0047] In this embodiment, a third groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the mixing pipe 101, and a push rod 120 is provided in the third groove, which slides in the radial direction of the mixing pipe 101. The length of the push rod 120 is the same as the wall thickness of the mixing pipe 101. A locking block 121 is provided on the telescopic pipe, which slides in the radial direction of the sealing pipe 110. A third spring 122 is provided between the locking block 121 and the telescopic pipe to drive the locking block 121 away from the telescopic pipe. The locking block 121 can be inserted into the third groove and abut against the push rod 120 through the third spring 122. After abutting against the locking block 121, the end of the push rod 120 away from the locking block 121 is located in the mixing pipe 101. The end of the push rod 120 located in the mixing pipe 101 is chamfered. The second disc 108 is slidably connected to the push rod 120 through the chamfer of the push rod 120 and pushes the push rod 120 to move in the third groove toward the telescopic pipe. With the cooperation of the locking block 121 and the slide groove, the telescopic tube can remain stationary relative to the mixing tube 101. When the second disc 108 slides inside the mixing tube 101 and comes into contact with the push rod 120, the locking block 121 will slide out from the third slide groove, and the telescopic tube will move relative to the mixing tube 101.

[0048] Specifically, the locking block 121 is slidably disposed on the slide tube 115. When the locking block 121 is located in the third slide groove, the blocking tube 116 no longer blocks the discharge port 113, and the blocking tube 116 is located at the discharge end 103 on the mixing tube 101.

[0049] In this embodiment, a cone 123 is provided inside the sealing tube 110. The cone 123 is coaxial with the mixing tube 101. The cone 123 includes a small end and a large end. The small end is closer to the mixing tube 101 than the large end. There is a gap between the discharge end 103 and the small end of the cone 123, and the gap is less than the thickness of the second disc 108 in the axial direction of the mixing tube 101. With the cone 123, the material in the mixing tube 101 is discharged from the discharge end 103 into the sealing tube 110 and then discharged from the discharge port 113 under the guidance of the cone 123, reducing the accumulation of material in the sealing tube 110.

[0050] In this embodiment, a cavity 124 is provided inside the mixing pipe 101. The cavity 124 is located on the side of all spiral blades 105 away from the discharge end 103. One end of a group of spiral blades 105 near the cavity 124 is located in the cavity 124, and the dimension of the cavity 124 in the radial direction of the mixing pipe 101 is larger than the diameter of the spiral blades 105. A magnetic block 125 is provided at one end of the spiral blades 105 located in the cavity 124, and the first disc 106 is attracted to the magnetic block 125. A fourth spring 126 is provided inside the cavity 124, and the two ends of the fourth spring 126 abut against the mixing pipe 101 and the first disc 106, respectively. During the grouting process, the first disc 106 and the second disc 108 contact the inner wall of the mixing pipe 101.

[0051] Specifically, there are two auxiliary material pipes 102, one end of which is connected to and communicates with the mixing pipe 101. The positions of the two auxiliary material pipes 102 on the mixing pipe 101 are arranged along the axial direction of the mixing pipe 101, and the two auxiliary material pipes 102 discharge material towards the discharge end 103. Each auxiliary material pipe 102 is equipped with a one-way valve, which is located at the connection position between the corresponding auxiliary material pipe 102 and the mixing pipe 101 to prevent the material and cleaning fluid in the mixing pipe 101 from flowing back into the auxiliary pipe 102.

[0052] During the process of feeding material from auxiliary tube 102 into mixing tube 101, the material flows bidirectionally within mixing tube 101. When the material comes into contact with the second disc 108, it will push the second disc 108 closer to the magnetic block 125. At this time, the fourth spring 126 will be compressed to hinder the movement of the second disc 108, thus preventing the material from entering the cavity 124.

[0053] When the pneumatic assembly injects gas into the mixing tube 101, it first inflates the cavity 124. The gas in the cavity 124 pushes the first disc 106 and the second disc 108 away from the magnet 125. The pneumatic assembly is an existing inflation device known to those skilled in the art for introducing gas into the cavity 124, such as an air pump, and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0054] In this embodiment, the cleaning mechanism further includes an outer cylinder 131, a stop block 132, and an air pipe 133. The outer cylinder 131 is disposed on the shield tail 104 and sleeved on the mixing pipe 101. The outer cylinder 131 is sealed to the mixing pipe 101. The outer cylinder 131 is provided with a plurality of air holes 134. The stop block 132 is slidably disposed in the cavity 124 along the extension and retraction direction of the fourth spring 126. The stop block 132 is connected to the fourth spring 126. The stop block 132 is provided with an air passage 135. One end of the air pipe 133 is connected to the inside of the outer cylinder 131, and the other end of the air pipe 133 is connected to the cavity 124 through the air passage 135. The fourth spring 126 extends after the second disc 108 moves away from the magnetic block 125, thereby driving the stop block 132 to slide. During the sliding of the stop block 132, the air passage 135 is connected to the air pipe 133, which allows the gas in the cavity 124 to enter the outer cylinder 131 through the air pipe 133. The gas entering the outer cylinder 131 is discharged through the air hole 134, forming an air film on the circumference of the outer cylinder 131, which separates the outer cylinder 131 from the material and prevents the material from condensing on the outer cylinder 131.

[0055] In this embodiment, multiple grouting and cleaning mechanisms are provided. The multiple grouting mechanisms are arranged around the circumference of the shield tail 104, and each cleaning mechanism corresponds to one grouting mechanism. This can improve grouting efficiency.

[0056] The working principle of the grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction provided in the above embodiments is as follows:

[0057] When the shield tail 104 is located within the circumferential gap formed between the tunnel segments and the tunnel strata, the mixing pipe 101 is also located within the circumferential gap formed between the tunnel strata, at which point grouting can begin.

[0058] Materials are continuously fed into the two auxiliary material pipes 102. The materials in the auxiliary material pipes 102 flow into the mixing pipe 101 through the corresponding one-way valves. The materials flowing into the material exchange pipe will flow along the axial direction of the mixing pipe 101. When the materials come into contact with the second disc 108, they will exert a pushing force on the second disc 108, thereby compressing the fourth spring 126 until the elastic force of the fourth spring 126 is consistent with the pushing force exerted by the materials on the second disc 108. At this time, the second disc 108 is still in contact with the inner wall of the material pipe. At the same time, the materials also flow towards the discharge end 103. The materials in the two auxiliary material pipes 102 come into contact and mix under the action of the spiral blade 105 during the flow process, and then flow from the discharge end 103 into the sealing pipe 110. The materials in the sealing pipe 110 are guided by the cone 123 to approach the discharge port 113 and are discharged from the discharge port 113 into the circumferential gap formed between the tunnel strata.

[0059] After the grouting work is completed, the grouting of the two auxiliary material pipes 102 is stopped, and the one-way valves corresponding to the auxiliary material pipes 102 are closed. At this time, there is still residual material in the mixing pipe 101. The pneumatic assembly is activated, injecting gas into the cavity 124. The gas pushes the first disc 106 and the second disc 108 closer to the discharge end 103 in the mixing pipe 101. The first disc 106 and the second disc 108 rotate under the action of the spiral blade 105. As the first disc 106 and the second disc 108 move away from the cavity 124, the fourth spring 126 gradually returns to its original state and drives the stop block 132 to slide in the cavity 124. When the stop block 132 slides, the air passage 135 on it will connect with the air pipe 133. The gas in the cavity 124 enters the air pipe 133 through the air passage 135 and enters the outer cylinder 131. The gas entering the outer cylinder 131 is discharged through the air hole 134. The gas discharged from the air hole 134 will form an air film on the surface of the outer cylinder 131. The air film causes the material in contact with the outer cylinder 131 to separate from the outer cylinder 131.

[0060] When the first disc 106 and the second disc 108 approach the discharge end 103 under the action of gas, they push the material in the mixing pipe 101 into the sealing pipe 110. The material entering the sealing pipe 110 is then discharged from the discharge port 113 under the guidance of the cone 123. When the second disc 108 contacts the push rod 120, it is pushed by the chamfer of the push rod 120 to slide in the third slide groove. The sliding of the push rod 120 pushes the locking block 121 to slide, and the locking block 121 compresses the third spring 122 and gradually slides out of the third slide groove. After the locking block 121 slides out of the third slide groove, the slide tube 115 and the plug tube 116 approach the discharge port 113 under the water pressure of the cleaning liquid in the liquid inlet pipe 111. At the same time, the slide tube 115 pulls the first spring 112 to stretch, and the plug tube 116 gradually seals the discharge port 113 until the discharge port 113 is completely blocked. At this time, the slide tube 115 continues to slide and compress the second spring 117 until the through hole 114 is connected to the mixing tube 101. The cleaning fluid flows out from the through hole 114 and then flows into the mixing tube 101. The cleaning fluid pushes the second disc 108 and the first disc 106 closer to the cavity 124. The cleaning fluid cleans the mixing tube 101. The second disc 108 slides into the cavity 124 under the action of the cleaning fluid. The cleaning fluid also flows into the cavity 124 and then flows from the cavity 124 into the storage tank.

[0061] After rinsing, the inlet pipe 111 stops injecting liquid into the sealing pipe 110, and the first spring 112 pulls the slide pipe 115 and the plug pipe 116 back to their original positions. When the locking block 121 slides into the third sliding groove, the slide pipe 115 stops sliding, and the discharge port 113 connects with the discharge end 103. After the first disc 106 and the second disc 108 are no longer impacted by the cleaning liquid, they come into contact with the inner wall of the mixing pipe 101 again under the action of the first spring 112. At this time, gas is introduced into the cavity 124 again through the pneumatic assembly. The gas pushes the first disc 106 and the second disc 108 to slide in the mixing pipe 101, scraping the cleaning liquid in the mixing pipe 101 clean.

[0062] The present invention also provides a tunnel construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1, during grouting, materials are injected into the mixing pipe 101 through the auxiliary material pipe 102. The materials in the two auxiliary material pipes 102 enter the mixing pipe 101 through the one-way valve. The materials flow and mix towards the discharge end 103 through the static stirring blades. Multiple sets of spiral blades 105 make the materials in the two auxiliary material pipes 102 mix evenly so that they can solidify quickly.

[0064] S2, after grouting is completed, the two auxiliary pipes 102 no longer inject materials into the mixing pipe 101. The two auxiliary pipes 102 are isolated from the mixing pipe 101 under the action of their respective one-way valves. At this time, there is still material discharged from the two auxiliary pipes 102 in the mixing pipe 101. The pneumatic component is started, and the pneumatic component pushes the scraper to slide in the mixing pipe 101 and move closer to the discharge end 103. The first disc 106 and the second disc 108 are impacted by the gas and slide inside the mixing pipe 101 and rotate with the direction of rotation of the spiral blade 105. The first disc 106 and the second disc 108 push the material in the mixing pipe 101 to continue to be discharged. The first disc 106 and the second disc 108 also scrape off the residual material on the inner wall of the mixing pipe 101 and the surface of the spiral blade 105 until the second disc 108 contacts the cone 123.

[0065] S3, the pneumatic component is turned off and the cleaning component is started. The cleaning component introduces cleaning fluid into the mixing pipe 101. When the second disc 108 passes the push rod 120, it pushes the push rod 120 to slide in the third slide groove, thereby causing the locking block 121 to slide out of the third slide groove. At this time, the cleaning fluid in the inlet pipe 111 begins to flow and pushes the slide pipe 115 and the plug pipe 116 closer to the discharge port 113 until the plug pipe 116 blocks the discharge port 113. Under the action of the cleaning fluid, the slide pipe 115 still moves closer to the discharge port 113 until the through hole 114 is connected to the discharge end 103. The cleaning fluid also flows from the through hole 114 to the position of the discharge end 103, and then enters the mixing pipe 101 to push the second disc 108 to reset and place the second disc 108 in the cavity 124, so that the cleaning fluid in the mixing pipe 101 can enter the cavity 124 and be discharged.

[0066] S4, shut down the cleaning component and restart the pneumatic component. The scraper will scrape away the remaining cleaning fluid in the mixing pipe 101.

[0067] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0068] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A grouting device for tunnel shield construction, used for simultaneous grouting during the tunnel boring machine's excavation process, characterized in that, The system includes a grouting mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. The grouting mechanism includes a mixing pipe and an auxiliary material pipe. One end of the mixing pipe is located on the tail of the shield and extends along the tunneling direction of the tunnel boring machine. The other end of the mixing pipe is the discharge end. A static stirring blade is installed inside the mixing pipe. One end of the auxiliary material pipe is connected to the mixing pipe and is located on the side of the static stirring blade away from the discharge end, and is used to inject material into the mixing pipe. The cleaning mechanism includes a scraper, a pneumatic assembly, and a cleaning assembly. The scraper is slidably installed in the mixing pipe along the axial direction and is slidably connected to the static stirring blade. The scraper is located on the side of the auxiliary material pipe away from the discharge end. The pneumatic assembly is used to push the scraper towards the discharge end after grouting is completed. The cleaning assembly is used to introduce cleaning fluid into the mixing pipe from the discharge end when the scraper moves to the discharge end position. The static stirring blade includes multiple... The mixing tube has multiple sets of spiral blades arranged at intervals along its axial direction. The spiral directions of two adjacent sets of spiral blades are opposite, and their two close cross sections are perpendicular to each other. Each set of spiral blades consists of two blades, and the two blades in the same set are spaced apart in the radial direction of the mixing tube and have the same spiral direction. The outer side of each spiral blade is connected to the inner wall of the mixing tube. The scraper includes a first disc, which is rotatably disposed inside the mixing tube and in contact with the inner wall of the mixing tube. The thickness of the first disc in the axial direction of the mixing tube is less than the spacing between the two sets of spiral blades. The first disc has four first grooves, and each spiral blade is slidably connected to the spiral blade through one of the first grooves. Each first groove has a notch, and the first disc located between two sets of spiral blades can rotate relative to the spiral blades through the notch on the first groove.

2. The grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The scraper also includes a second disc, which is rotatably disposed inside the mixing pipe and rotatably connected to the first disc. The second disc is located on the side of the first disc near the discharge end. The second disc has four second grooves. Each spiral blade can be slidably connected to the second disc through a second groove, and the spiral directions of two adjacent sets of spiral blades are opposite. The dimension of the second groove in the circumferential direction of the second disc is greater than the thickness of the spiral blade in the circumferential direction of the second disc.

3. The grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism also includes a sealing pipe, a telescopic pipe, and a liquid inlet pipe. The sealing pipe is sleeved on the mixing pipe, and the discharge end of the mixing pipe is located inside the sealing pipe. The telescopic pipe is set inside the sealing pipe and sleeved on the mixing pipe, and is slidably connected to the sealing pipe and the mixing pipe along its own axial direction. A first spring is provided inside the sealing pipe, and the two ends of the first spring are connected to the sealing pipe and the telescopic pipe respectively. One end of the liquid inlet pipe is set on the sealing pipe and communicates with the sealing pipe, and the liquid inlet pipe is located on the side of the telescopic pipe away from the discharge end. A discharge port is opened on the sealing pipe, and the discharge port is located on the side of the telescopic pipe closer to the discharge end and communicates with the mixing pipe. When the telescopic pipe slides and moves closer to the discharge end, it can block the discharge port. The telescopic pipe is provided with a through hole, and the liquid inlet pipe and the mixing pipe can communicate through the through hole after the discharge port is blocked.

4. The grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, A third groove is provided on the circumference of the mixing pipe, and a push rod is provided in the third groove, which slides along the radial direction of the mixing pipe. The length of the push rod is the same as the wall thickness of the mixing pipe. A locking block is provided on the telescopic pipe, which slides along the radial direction of the sealing pipe. A third spring is provided between the locking block and the telescopic pipe to drive the locking block away from the telescopic pipe. The locking block can be inserted into the third groove through the third spring and abut against the push rod. After abutting against the locking block, the end of the push rod away from the locking block is located in the mixing pipe. The second disc is slidably connected to the push rod.

5. A grouting device for tunnel shield construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The sealing tube contains a cone, which is coaxial with the mixing tube. The cone includes a small end and a large end. The small end is closer to the mixing tube than the large end. There is a gap between the discharge end and the small end of the cone, and the gap is smaller than the thickness of the second disc in the axial direction of the mixing tube.

6. A grouting device for tunnel shield construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mixing pipe has a cavity located on the side of all the spiral blades away from the discharge end. One end of a group of spiral blades near the cavity is located in the cavity, and the radial dimension of the cavity is larger than the diameter of the spiral blades. A magnetic block is provided at one end of the spiral blades located in the cavity, and the first disc is attracted to the magnetic block. A fourth spring is provided in the cavity, and the two ends of the fourth spring abut against the mixing pipe and the first disc, respectively. During the grouting process, the first disc and the second disc are in contact with the inner wall of the mixing pipe.

7. A grouting device for tunnel shield construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The cleaning mechanism also includes an outer cylinder, a baffle, and an air pipe. The outer cylinder is set at the tail of the shield and sleeved on the mixing pipe. The outer cylinder is sealed to the mixing pipe. The outer cylinder has multiple air holes. The baffle is slidably set in the cavity along the extension and retraction direction of the fourth spring. The baffle is connected to the fourth spring. The baffle has an air passage. One end of the air pipe is connected to the inside of the outer cylinder, and the other end of the air pipe is connected to the cavity through the air passage.

8. A grouting device for tunnel shield construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are multiple grouting and cleaning mechanisms. The multiple grouting mechanisms are arranged around the circumference of the shield tail, and each cleaning mechanism corresponds to one grouting mechanism.

9. A tunnel construction method, utilizing a grouting device for tunnel shield construction as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1, During grouting, the material is injected into the mixing pipe through the auxiliary material pipe. The material flows and mixes towards the discharge end through the static stirring blades. S2, after grouting is completed, start the pneumatic component. The pneumatic component pushes the scraper to slide inside the mixing pipe and move towards the discharge end; S3, shut down the pneumatic components and start the cleaning components. The cleaning components introduce cleaning fluid into the mixing pipe. S4, turn off the cleaning component and restart the pneumatic component. The scraper will scrape away the remaining cleaning liquid in the mixing pipe.

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