Hydrogen supply system and method for liquid hydrogen boil-off gas recovery treatment based on liquid hydrogen transport ship

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogen supply system and method for liquid hydrogen boil-off gas recovery treatment based on a liquid hydrogen transport ship, and the hydrogen supply system comprises a liquid hydrogen spherical tank, a liquid hydrogen treatment system, a liquid hydrogen boil-off gas treatment system and a hydrogen storage tank. A liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank is communicated with a high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasified gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through the liquid hydrogen treatment system; a low-temperature low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank is communicated with a high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through a liquid hydrogen boil-off gas treatment system; liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the liquid hydrogen spherical tank is recycled and stored in the hydrogen storage tank together with liquid hydrogen gasified gas again, so that the problem that the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the liquid hydrogen spherical tank on a liquid hydrogen transport ship cannot be effectively recycled and hydrogen cannot be supplied at present is solved; when hydrogen is supplied to a liquid hydrogen transport ship power system, recycling of low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen evaporated gas is completed with relatively low energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of liquid hydrogen supply, and in particular to a hydrogen supply system and method for recovering and processing liquid hydrogen boil-off gas based on a liquid hydrogen transport ship. Background Art

[0002] Hydrogen is an efficient and clean energy source that can be used for power generation, transportation, heating, and other applications. Since green hydrogen production is concentrated in certain low-cost regions, and hydrogen is mostly consumed far from production sites, liquid hydrogen transportation will be the preferred method for long-distance, large-scale hydrogen transportation.

[0003] During the transport process, liquid hydrogen in liquid hydrogen tanks partially evaporates due to external heat input and the inherent properties of liquid hydrogen, turning it into low-temperature, low-pressure boil-off gas. If this boil-off gas is not promptly processed, it can cause pressure to rise within the tanks, posing a threat to the ship's safety. Venting and recovery are the primary methods for handling boil-off gas. Direct venting of boil-off gas poses safety concerns due to its flammability and explosiveness, wastes hydrogen energy, and is unsafe and uneconomical. Recovery is a more economical and safer method.

[0004] There are two ways to recover liquid hydrogen boil-off gas: reliquefaction and return to the liquid hydrogen storage tank, and use in the ship's gas supply system. The hydrogen reliquefaction process requires large equipment investment and high energy consumption. Given the limited space and energy supply of liquid hydrogen transport ships, recovering liquid hydrogen boil-off gas by reliquefaction is neither economical nor feasible.

[0005] In short, there is currently a problem of not being able to effectively recover and process the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inside the liquid hydrogen spherical tank on the liquid hydrogen transport ship and supply hydrogen. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hydrogen supply system and method based on the recovery and treatment of liquid hydrogen boil-off gas on a liquid hydrogen transport ship, which is used to solve the current problem that the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inside the liquid hydrogen spherical tank on the liquid hydrogen transport ship cannot be effectively recovered and treated and hydrogen supply cannot be carried out.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a hydrogen supply system for recovering and treating liquid hydrogen boil-off gas based on a liquid hydrogen transport ship, comprising a liquid hydrogen spherical tank, a liquid hydrogen processing system, a liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system, and a hydrogen storage tank, all of which are arranged on the liquid hydrogen transport ship, wherein the bottom of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank is provided with a liquid hydrogen outlet, and the top is provided with a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet, and the hydrogen storage tank is provided with a high-temperature liquid hydrogen vaporization gas inlet and a high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet, the liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen vaporization gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through the liquid hydrogen processing system; the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system; wherein the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen processing system and the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas of the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system can exchange heat during their respective transportation processes, and mechanical energy can be transferred between the liquid hydrogen processing system and the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system, and the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inside the liquid hydrogen spherical tank is recovered and processed and stored again in the hydrogen storage tank with the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas.

[0009] Furthermore, the liquid hydrogen processing system includes at least one expander, and the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system includes a low-temperature flow channel, at least one compressor and a high-temperature flow channel. The liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen vaporization gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through the expander of the liquid hydrogen processing system; after the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank is connected to the low-temperature flow channel of the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system, it alternately passes through a compressor and a high-temperature flow channel in sequence, and finally is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank; wherein, an expander of the liquid hydrogen processing system and a compressor of the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system are coaxially connected to form an expansion compressor; the low-temperature flow channel serves as a heat absorption side, and each high-temperature flow channel serves as a heat release side, and a low-temperature flow channel and at least one high-temperature flow channel are packaged together to form a heat exchanger.

[0010] Preferably, the liquid hydrogen processing system includes a liquid hydrogen booster pump, a first heat exchanger, a high-pressure hydrogen cache tank, a multi-stage expander and a second heat exchanger. The liquid hydrogen booster pump, the first heat exchanger, the high-pressure hydrogen cache tank, the multi-stage expander and the second heat exchanger are arranged in sequence from front to back on a pipeline connecting the liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank and the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank.

[0011] Preferably, the first heat exchanger is provided with a high-temperature water inlet and a low-temperature water outlet on the heat release side, and a liquid hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet on the heat absorption side. The high-temperature water inlet and the low-temperature water outlet of the first heat exchanger are respectively used to input hot water on the liquid hydrogen transport ship and to output low-temperature water for reflux to the liquid hydrogen transport ship; the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank is provided with a high-pressure hydrogen inlet and a high-pressure hydrogen outlet; the second heat exchanger is provided with a high-temperature water inlet and a low-temperature water outlet on the heat release side, and a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet on the heat absorption side. The high-temperature water inlet and the low-temperature water outlet of the second heat exchanger are respectively used to input hot water on the liquid hydrogen transport ship and to output high-temperature water for reflux Low-temperature water is supplied to the liquid hydrogen transport ship; the liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank is connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump is connected to the liquid hydrogen inlet of the first heat exchanger through a pipeline, the hydrogen outlet of the first heat exchanger is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen inlet of the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank through a pipeline; the high-pressure hydrogen outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank is connected to the inlet of the multi-stage expander through a pipeline; the outlet of the multi-stage expander is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the second heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the hydrogen outlet of the second heat exchanger is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through a pipeline.

[0012] Furthermore, the multi-stage expander includes several expanders, the inlet of the first expander is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank through a pipeline, the inlet of the next expander is connected to the outlet of the adjacent previous expander through a pipeline, and the outlet of the last expander is connected to the heat absorption side inlet of the second heat exchanger through a pipeline, and the heat absorption side inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger are connected to the high-pressure liquid hydrogen vaporization gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through a pipeline; the liquid hydrogen evaporated gas processing system includes a multi-channel heat exchanger and a multi-stage compression system, the multi-channel heat exchanger includes a low-temperature flow channel and several high-temperature flow channels, wherein the low-temperature flow channel serves as the heat absorption side of the multi-channel heat exchanger, and a low-temperature medium inlet and a high-temperature medium outlet are respectively provided at both ends, and each high-temperature flow channel serves as a heat release side of the multi-channel heat exchanger, and the inlet of each high-temperature flow channel is used to input high-temperature medium, and the outlet is used to output low-temperature medium; the low-temperature medium inlet of the low-temperature flow channel is connected to the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen evaporated gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank through a pipeline The multi-stage compression system includes several compressors, the inlet of the first compressor is connected to the high-temperature medium outlet of the low-temperature flow channel through a pipeline, and the outlet of the first compressor is connected to the inlet of the first high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline; the inlet of the next compressor is connected to the outlet of the previous high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline, and the outlet of the next compressor is connected to the inlet of the next high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline; the inlet of the last compressor is connected to the outlet of the previous high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline, the outlet of the last compressor is connected to the inlet of the last high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline, and the outlet of the last high-temperature flow channel is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen evaporated gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through a pipeline; wherein, the number of the expanders is the same as the number of the compressors, and one expander and one compressor are paired to form an expansion compressor, the expander of each expansion compressor is equipped with a first impeller, the compressor of each expansion compressor is equipped with a second impeller, and the first impeller and the second impeller of each expansion compressor are connected by a rotating shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, the multi-stage expander includes a first-stage expander, a second-stage expander and a third-stage expander. The inlet of the first-stage expander is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank through a pipeline, the inlet of the second-stage expander is connected to the outlet of the first-stage expander through a pipeline, the inlet of the third-stage expander is connected to the outlet of the second-stage expander through a pipeline, and the outlet of the third-stage expander is connected to the inlet of the heat absorption side of the second heat exchanger through a pipeline.

[0014] The multi-channel heat exchanger includes a low-temperature flow channel and a first high-temperature flow channel, a second high-temperature flow channel and a third high-temperature flow channel. The multi-stage compression system includes a first compressor, a second compressor and a third compressor. The low-temperature flow channel, the first compressor, the first high-temperature flow channel, the second compressor, the second high-temperature flow channel, the third compressor and the third high-temperature flow channel are connected in sequence from front to back, and the outlet of the third high-temperature flow channel is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen evaporated gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through a pipeline; wherein, the first-stage expander is coaxially connected to the first compressor to form a first expansion compressor, the second-stage expander is coaxially connected to the second compressor to form a second expansion compressor, and the third-stage expander is coaxially connected to the third compressor to form a third expansion compressor.

[0015] Furthermore, the low-temperature medium inlet and the high-temperature medium outlet of the low-temperature flow channel are respectively used to input low-temperature medium and output high-temperature medium, serving as a heat absorption side; the inlets of the first high-temperature flow channel, the second high-temperature flow channel and the third high-temperature flow channel are respectively used to input high-temperature medium, and the outlets are respectively used to output low-temperature medium, serving as three heat release sides; the low-temperature flow channel, the first high-temperature flow channel, the second high-temperature flow channel and the third high-temperature flow channel are packaged together to form a multi-channel heat exchanger with a heat absorption side and three heat release sides.

[0016] Preferably, the multi-channel heat exchanger is a printed circuit board heat exchanger.

[0017] Furthermore, the hydrogen storage tank is provided with a mixed gas outlet, and the mixed gas outlet is provided with a pressure control valve.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a hydrogen supply method based on the recovery and treatment of liquid hydrogen boil-off gas from a liquid hydrogen carrier, using the above-mentioned hydrogen supply system based on the recovery and treatment of liquid hydrogen boil-off gas from a liquid hydrogen carrier, the method comprising:

[0019] Step A: Liquid hydrogen is output from the liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank and, after being processed by the liquid hydrogen processing system, becomes high-temperature, low-pressure gaseous hydrogen. The high-temperature, low-pressure gaseous hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage tank through the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification inlet on the hydrogen storage tank, including the following specific steps:

[0020] Step A1: After being pressurized by the liquid hydrogen booster pump and heated by the first heat exchanger with hot water on the liquid hydrogen transport ship, the liquid hydrogen is heated to a relatively high temperature and high pressure, and is stored in a high pressure hydrogen buffer tank;

[0021] Step A2: After the relatively high temperature and high pressure hydrogen is expanded step by step through the first-stage expander, the second-stage expander, and the third-stage expander, the pressure and temperature are reduced, and it becomes relatively high temperature and low pressure hydrogen;

[0022] Step A3: The relatively high temperature and low pressure hydrogen is heated by the second heat exchanger and then heated by the hot water on the liquid hydrogen transport ship, becoming high temperature and low pressure hydrogen. The high temperature and low pressure hydrogen is then output from the hydrogen outlet on the heat absorption side of the second heat exchanger and then enters the hydrogen storage tank through the high temperature liquid hydrogen gasification inlet on the hydrogen storage tank.

[0023] Step B: The low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas is output from the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank, and after being processed by the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system, it becomes high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas. The high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas enters the hydrogen storage tank through the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet on the hydrogen storage tank, including the following specific steps:

[0024] Step B1: The low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas is output from the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank, absorbs heat while passing through the low-temperature flow channel, and its temperature rises, turning into higher-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas;

[0025] Step B2: The higher-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas is compressed and pressurized by the first compressor, while its temperature rises, and then releases heat to the low-temperature flow channel when passing through the first high-temperature flow channel. The higher-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas is compressed and pressurized by the second compressor, while its temperature rises, and then releases heat to the low-temperature flow channel when passing through the second high-temperature flow channel. Finally, the higher-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas is compressed and pressurized by the third compressor, while its temperature rises, and then releases heat to the low-temperature flow channel when passing through the third high-temperature flow channel, thereby becoming high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas.

[0026] Step B3: The high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas enters the hydrogen storage tank through the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet on the hydrogen storage tank;

[0027] wherein step A and step B are performed simultaneously, the relatively high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas expands and reduces pressure and temperature when passing through the first-stage expander, and during the expansion process, it drives the first impeller of the first-stage expander to rotate, driving the corresponding rotating shaft to rotate, and the corresponding rotating shaft drives the second impeller of the first compressor to rotate, thereby achieving compression and pressurization of the relatively high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the first compressor; the relatively high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas expands and reduces pressure and temperature when passing through the second-stage expander, and during the expansion process, it drives the first impeller of the second-stage expander to rotate, driving the corresponding rotating shaft to rotate, and the corresponding rotating shaft drives the second impeller of the second compressor to rotate, thereby achieving compression and pressurization of the relatively high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the second compressor; the relatively high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas expands and reduces pressure and temperature when passing through the third-stage expander, and during the expansion process, it drives the first impeller of the third-stage expander to rotate, driving the corresponding rotating shaft to rotate, and the corresponding rotating shaft drives the second impeller of the third compressor to rotate, thereby achieving compression and pressurization of the relatively high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the third compressor;

[0028] Step C: The mixed gas of the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasified gas and the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas stored in the hydrogen storage tank is supplied to the outside through the mixed gas outlet.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] (1) The present invention discloses a hydrogen supply system for recovering and treating liquid hydrogen boil-off gas based on a liquid hydrogen transport ship, comprising a liquid hydrogen spherical tank, a liquid hydrogen treatment system, a liquid hydrogen boil-off gas treatment system and a hydrogen storage tank, all of which are arranged on the liquid hydrogen transport ship, wherein a liquid hydrogen outlet is provided at the bottom of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank and a low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet is provided at the top, and a high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas inlet and a high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet are provided on the hydrogen storage tank, the liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through the liquid hydrogen treatment system; the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank through the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas treatment system; wherein the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen treatment system and the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas of the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas treatment system can exchange heat during their respective transportation processes, and mechanical energy can be transferred between the liquid hydrogen treatment system and the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas treatment system, and the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inside the liquid hydrogen spherical tank is recovered and treated and stored again in the hydrogen storage tank with the liquid hydrogen gasification gas. The present invention successfully recovers and processes the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inside the liquid hydrogen spherical tank and stores it back in the hydrogen storage tank together with the liquid hydrogen gasified gas, thereby solving the current problem of being unable to effectively recover and process the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inside the liquid hydrogen spherical tank on a liquid hydrogen transport ship and to supply hydrogen.

[0031] (2) The present invention discloses a hydrogen supply system for recovering and processing liquid hydrogen boil-off gas based on a liquid hydrogen transport ship. Compared with directly using a compressor to pressurize the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas, the present invention greatly reduces the power consumption of compressing the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas and fully utilizes the hot water on board by providing a combination of a liquid hydrogen booster pump, a first heat exchanger and a multi-stage expansion compressor.

[0032] (3) The present invention discloses a hydrogen supply system for recovering and processing liquid hydrogen boil-off gas based on a liquid hydrogen transport ship. By setting up a multi-channel hydrogen heat exchanger, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas is heat exchanged with the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas at the outlet of each stage of the compressor, thereby heat-exchanging the temperature of the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas to be entered into the inlet of the next stage of the compressor to room temperature, thereby reducing the material requirements, sealing requirements and manufacturing difficulty of the hydrogen compressor.

[0033] (IV) The present invention discloses a hydrogen supply method based on liquid hydrogen boil-off gas recovery and treatment on a liquid hydrogen transport ship, comprising: step A: liquid hydrogen is output from the liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank, and after being processed by the liquid hydrogen processing system, it becomes high-temperature, low-pressure gaseous hydrogen, and the high-temperature, low-pressure gaseous hydrogen enters the hydrogen tank through the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas inlet on the hydrogen storage tank; step B: low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas is output from the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank, and after being processed by the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system, it becomes high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas, and the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas enters the hydrogen tank through the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet on the hydrogen storage tank; wherein, step A and step B are performed simultaneously, and the higher-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen expands and reduces pressure and temperature when passing through the first-stage expander, and during the expansion process, it drives the first impeller of the first-stage expander to rotate. The corresponding rotating shaft is driven to rotate, and the corresponding rotating shaft drives the second impeller of the first compressor to rotate, thereby compressing and pressurizing the higher-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the first compressor; the higher-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas expands and reduces pressure and temperature when passing through the second-stage expander, and during the expansion process, it drives the first impeller of the second-stage expander to rotate, driving the corresponding rotating shaft to rotate, and the corresponding rotating shaft drives the second impeller of the second compressor to rotate, thereby compressing and pressurizing the higher-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the second compressor; the higher-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas expands and reduces pressure and temperature when passing through the third-stage expander, and during the expansion process, it drives the first impeller of the third-stage expander to rotate, driving the corresponding rotating shaft to rotate, and the corresponding rotating shaft drives the second impeller of the third compressor to rotate, thereby compressing and pressurizing the higher-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the third compressor. Step C: The mixed gas of the high-temperature liquid hydrogen vaporized gas and the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas stored in the hydrogen storage tank is supplied to the outside through the mixed gas outlet. The present invention discloses a hydrogen supply method based on the recovery and treatment of liquid hydrogen boil-off gas on a liquid hydrogen carrier. The method comprises the following steps: pressurizing and heating the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas treatment system are achieved through a multi-channel heat exchanger and a multi-stage compressor; pressurizing, gasifying, expanding, cooling and reducing the pressure of the liquid hydrogen are achieved through the liquid hydrogen treatment system; mechanical energy transmission between the liquid hydrogen treatment system and the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas treatment system is achieved through an expander and a compressor in the expansion compressor; the method fully utilizes the pressure energy and thermal energy of the high-temperature and high-pressure liquid hydrogen gasified gas after the liquid hydrogen is gasified by hot water from a waste heat recovery device on board the carrier; and the method fully utilizes the cold energy of the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the liquid hydrogen storage tank, thereby effectively saving energy. The method completes the recovery and utilization of the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas with relatively low energy consumption while supplying hydrogen to the power system of the liquid hydrogen carrier. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a hydrogen supply system for recovering and treating liquid hydrogen boil-off gas based on a liquid hydrogen transport ship, provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2It is a partially enlarged view of the multi-channel heat exchanger provided in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1-Liquid hydrogen spherical tank;

[0038] 2-liquid hydrogen processing system, 21-liquid hydrogen booster pump, 22-first heat exchanger, 23-high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank, 24-multi-stage expander, 241-first-stage expander, 242-second-stage expander, 243-third-stage expander, 25-second heat exchanger;

[0039] 3-liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system, 30-low temperature flow channel, 31-first compressor, 32-first high temperature flow channel, 33-second compressor, 34-second high temperature flow channel, 35-third compressor, 36-third high temperature flow channel;

[0040] 4-Hydrogen storage tank, 40-Mixed gas outlet, 41-Pressure control valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although exemplary embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present invention and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0042] Example 1: A hydrogen supply system based on liquid hydrogen boil-off gas recovery and treatment from a liquid hydrogen carrier

[0043] Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a hydrogen supply system for recovering and processing liquid hydrogen boil-off gas based on a liquid hydrogen transport ship, and its structure is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] refer to Figure 1 The hydrogen supply system for liquid hydrogen boil-off gas recovery and treatment based on a liquid hydrogen transport ship includes a liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1, a liquid hydrogen treatment system 2, a liquid hydrogen boil-off gas treatment system 3 and a hydrogen storage tank 4, all of which are arranged on the liquid hydrogen transport ship.

[0045] The bottom of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1 is provided with a liquid hydrogen outlet, and the top is provided with a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet.

[0046] The hydrogen storage tank 4 is provided with a high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas inlet, a high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet and a mixed gas outlet 40 .

[0047] The liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1 is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4 through the liquid hydrogen processing system 2.

[0048] The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1 is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4 through the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system 3 .

[0049] Among them, the liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen processing system 2 and the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system 3 can exchange heat during their respective transportation processes, and mechanical energy can be transferred between the liquid hydrogen processing system 2 and the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system 3. The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inside the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1 is recovered and processed by the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system 3 and stored again in the hydrogen storage tank 4 with the vaporized liquid hydrogen to be used by the external ship hull.

[0050] As a specific embodiment, the liquid hydrogen processing system 2 includes at least one expander, and the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system 3 includes a low-temperature flow channel 30, at least one compressor and a high-temperature flow channel.

[0051] The liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1 is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4 through the expander of the liquid hydrogen processing system 2.

[0052] After the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1 is connected to the low-temperature flow channel 30 of the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas treatment system 3, it alternately passes through a compressor and a high-temperature flow channel in sequence, and finally is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4.

[0053] Wherein, an expander of the liquid hydrogen processing system 2 and a compressor of the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system 3 are coaxially connected to form an expansion compressor.

[0054] The low-temperature flow channel 30 serves as a heat absorption side, and each high-temperature flow channel serves as a heat release side. A low-temperature flow channel 30 and at least one high-temperature flow channel are packaged together to form a heat exchanger.

[0055] More specifically, the liquid hydrogen processing system 2 includes a multi-stage expander 24, which includes several expanders. The inlet of the first expander is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 23 through a pipeline, the inlet of the next expander is connected to the outlet of the adjacent previous expander through a pipeline, and the outlet of the last expander is connected to the heat absorption side inlet of the second heat exchanger 25 through a pipeline, and the heat absorption side outlet of the second heat exchanger 25 is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4 through a pipeline.

[0056] The liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system 3 includes a multi-channel heat exchanger and a multi-stage compression system. The multi-channel heat exchanger includes a low-temperature flow channel 30 and several high-temperature flow channels. The low-temperature flow channel 30 serves as the heat absorption side of the multi-channel heat exchanger, and a low-temperature medium inlet and a high-temperature medium outlet are respectively provided at both ends. Each high-temperature flow channel serves as a heat release side of the multi-channel heat exchanger. The inlet of each high-temperature flow channel is used to input high-temperature medium, and the outlet is used to output low-temperature medium.

[0057] The low-temperature medium inlet of the low-temperature flow channel 30 is connected to the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1 through a pipeline.

[0058] The multi-stage compression system includes several compressors, the inlet of the first compressor is connected to the high-temperature medium outlet of the low-temperature flow channel 30 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the first compressor is connected to the inlet of the first high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline; the inlet of the next compressor is connected to the outlet of the previous high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline, and the outlet of the next compressor is connected to the inlet of the next high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline; the inlet of the last compressor is connected to the outlet of the previous high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline, and the outlet of the last compressor is connected to the inlet of the last high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline, and the outlet of the last high-temperature flow channel is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen evaporated gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4 through a pipeline.

[0059] Among them, the number of the expanders is the same as the number of the compressors, and one expander and one compressor are paired to form an expansion compressor, the expander of each expansion compressor is equipped with a first impeller, the compressor of each expansion compressor is equipped with a second impeller, and the first impeller and the second impeller of each expansion compressor are connected by a rotating shaft. The expansion compressor is used to realize the mechanical energy transfer between the liquid hydrogen processing system 2 and the liquid hydrogen evaporated gas processing system 3, which means that the mechanical energy generated by the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous hydrogen in the expander driving the first impeller to rotate during the expansion, depressurization and cooling process is transferred to the compressor and converted into driving the second impeller of the compressor to rotate to compress and pressurize the liquid hydrogen evaporated gas.

[0060] Furthermore, the multi-stage expander 24 includes a first-stage expander 241, a second-stage expander 242 and a third-stage expander 243. The inlet of the first-stage expander 241 is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 23 through a pipeline, the inlet of the second-stage expander 242 is connected to the outlet of the first-stage expander 241 through a pipeline, the inlet of the third-stage expander 243 is connected to the outlet of the second-stage expander 242 through a pipeline, the outlet of the third-stage expander 243 is connected to the heat absorption side inlet of the second heat exchanger 25 through a pipeline, and the heat absorption side outlet of the second heat exchanger 25 is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4 through a pipeline.

[0061] The multi-channel heat exchanger includes a low-temperature flow channel 30 and a first high-temperature flow channel 32, a second high-temperature flow channel 34, and a third high-temperature flow channel 36. The multi-stage compression system includes a first compressor 31, a second compressor 33, and a third compressor 35. The low-temperature flow channel 30, the first compressor 31, the first high-temperature flow channel 32, the second compressor 33, the second high-temperature flow channel 34, the third compressor 35, and the third high-temperature flow channel 36 are sequentially connected from front to back. As a specific example of realizing the sequential connection of these devices from front to back, the inlet of the first compressor 31 is connected to the high-temperature medium outlet of the low-temperature flow channel 30 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the first compressor 31 is connected to the inlet of the first high-temperature flow channel 32 through a pipeline; the inlet of the second compressor 33 is connected to the outlet of the first high-temperature flow channel 32 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the second compressor 33 is connected to the inlet of the second high-temperature flow channel 34 through a pipeline; the inlet of the third compressor 35 is connected to the outlet of the second high-temperature flow channel 34 through a pipeline, and the outlet of the third compressor 35 is connected to the inlet of the third high-temperature flow channel 36 through a pipeline.

[0062] The outlet of the third high-temperature flow channel 36 is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4 through a pipeline.

[0063] Among them, the first-stage expander 241 is coaxially connected to the first compressor 31 to form a first expansion compressor, the second-stage expander 242 is coaxially connected to the second compressor 33 to form a second expansion compressor, and the third-stage expander 243 is coaxially connected to the third compressor 35 to form a third expansion compressor.

[0064] As an example of realizing heat exchange of the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas of the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system 3 during transportation, the inlet and outlet of the low-temperature flow channel 30 are respectively used to input low-temperature medium and output high-temperature medium, serving as a heat absorption side; the inlet of the first high-temperature flow channel 32, the second high-temperature flow channel 34 and the third high-temperature flow channel 36 are respectively used to input high-temperature medium and the outlet is respectively used to output low-temperature medium, serving as three heat release sides; the low-temperature flow channel 30, the first high-temperature flow channel 32, the second high-temperature flow channel 34 and the third high-temperature flow channel 36 are packaged together to form a multi-channel heat exchanger with a heat absorption side and three heat release sides.

[0065] When the low-temperature medium passes through the low-temperature flow channel 30, it exchanges heat with the high-temperature medium passing through the first high-temperature flow channel 32, the second high-temperature flow channel 34, and the third high-temperature flow channel 36. The temperature of the originally low-temperature medium increases. After the heated medium flows out of the low-temperature flow channel 30, it enters the first compressor 31 for compression and pressure increase while increasing its temperature. It then enters the first high-temperature flow channel 32 for heat exchange and cooling. It then enters the second compressor 33 for compression and pressure increase while increasing its temperature. It then enters the second high-temperature flow channel 34 for heat exchange and cooling. It then enters the third compressor 35 for compression and pressure increase while increasing its temperature. It then enters the third high-temperature flow channel 36 for heat exchange and cooling before entering the hydrogen storage tank 4. The low-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas, when passing through the low-temperature flow channel 30, exchanges heat with the higher-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas passing through the first high-temperature flow channel 32, the second high-temperature flow channel 34, and the third high-temperature flow channel 36. This causes the temperature of the low-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas to increase. The heated liquid hydrogen boil-off gas then flows out of the low-temperature flow channel 30.

[0066] Multi-channel heat exchangers are known in the art. Specifically, they are printed circuit board heat exchangers (PCHEs), also known as diffusion-bomded compact heat exchangers (DCHEs).

[0067] The printed circuit board heat exchanger (PCBHE) features densely packed channels with semicircular cross-sections. These channels, etched using chemical etching techniques with micron- to millimeter-scale heat transfer units, offer excellent heat transfer performance and high efficiency. These channels allow heat transfer between various hot and cold fluids, including air, helium, natural gas, water, and supercritical carbon dioxide. The PCHE boasts a high heat transfer capacity per unit volume. As a new type of heat exchanger, the PCHE is highly compact and capable of performing heat transfer under harsh conditions, including high temperatures and pressures.

[0068] In order to ensure that the liquid hydrogen flowing out of the liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1 can flow into the inlet of the first-stage expander 241, the liquid hydrogen processing system 2 also includes a liquid hydrogen booster pump 21, a first heat exchanger 22, and a high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 23, which are arranged in sequence from front to back on the pipeline connecting the liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1 and the inlet of the first-stage expander 241.

[0069] The first heat exchanger 22 is provided with a high-temperature water inlet and a low-temperature water outlet on the heat-releasing side, and a liquid hydrogen inlet and a high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen outlet on the heat-absorbing side. The high-temperature water inlet and low-temperature water outlet of the first heat exchanger 22 are used to input hot water from the liquid hydrogen carrier and output low-temperature water for return to the liquid hydrogen carrier, respectively. Specifically, the high-temperature hot water on the liquid hydrogen carrier comes from hot water generated by the boiler or flue gas waste heat recovery device.

[0070] The high-pressure hydrogen cache tank 23 is provided with a high-pressure hydrogen inlet and a high-pressure hydrogen outlet. The liquid inlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump 21 is connected to the liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1 through a pipeline, the liquid outlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump 21 is connected to the liquid hydrogen inlet of the first heat exchanger 22 through a pipeline, and the high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen outlet of the first heat exchanger 22 is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen inlet of the high-pressure hydrogen cache tank 23 through a pipeline.

[0071] The high-pressure hydrogen outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 23 is connected to the inlet of the first-stage expander 241 through a pipeline.

[0072] In order to facilitate the discharge of waste in the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 23, the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 23 is further provided with a drain port, and the drain port of the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 23 is used to discharge the waste inside.

[0073] To further ensure that the medium flowing out of the outlet of the three-stage expander 243 enters the high-temperature liquid hydrogen vaporization gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4, the liquid hydrogen processing system 2 also includes a second heat exchanger 25, which is disposed on the pipeline connecting the outlet of the three-stage expander 243 and the high-temperature liquid hydrogen vaporization gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4. In other words, the liquid hydrogen processing system 2 includes a liquid hydrogen booster pump 21, a first heat exchanger 22, a high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 23, a multi-stage expander 24, and a second heat exchanger 25.

[0074] Among them, the second heat exchanger 25 is provided with a high-temperature water inlet and a low-temperature water outlet on the heat release side, and a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet on the heat absorption side. The high-temperature water inlet and the low-temperature water outlet of the second heat exchanger 25 are respectively used to input hot water on the liquid hydrogen transport ship and to output low-temperature water for return to the liquid hydrogen transport ship.

[0075] The outlet of the three-stage expander 243 is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the second heat exchanger 25 through a pipeline, and the hydrogen outlet of the second heat exchanger 25 is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank 4 through a pipeline.

[0076] In order to output the mixed gas of the high-temperature liquid hydrogen vaporized gas hydrogen and the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas stored in the hydrogen storage tank 4 , the hydrogen storage tank 4 is provided with a mixed gas outlet 40 .

[0077] In order to conveniently control the output of the mixed gas of the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasified gas and the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas stored in the hydrogen storage tank 4 , a pressure control valve 41 is provided at the mixed gas outlet 40 on the hydrogen storage tank 4 .

[0078] In order to facilitate the discharge of waste in the hydrogen storage tank 4, a discharge port is provided on the hydrogen storage tank 4.

[0079] Example 2: A hydrogen supply method based on liquid hydrogen boil-off gas recovery and treatment on a liquid hydrogen carrier

[0080] Embodiment 2 of the present invention provides a hydrogen supply method based on the recovery and treatment of liquid hydrogen boil-off gas from a liquid hydrogen carrier, using the hydrogen supply system based on the recovery and treatment of liquid hydrogen boil-off gas from a liquid hydrogen carrier provided in Embodiment 1. The method includes the following steps:

[0081] Step A: Liquid hydrogen is output from the liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1 and is processed by the liquid hydrogen processing system 2 to become high-temperature, low-pressure gaseous hydrogen. The high-temperature, low-pressure gaseous hydrogen enters the hydrogen tank 4 through the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification inlet on the hydrogen storage tank 4, including the following specific steps:

[0082] Step A1: After being pressurized by the liquid hydrogen booster pump 21, the liquid hydrogen is heated in the first heat exchanger 22 and then exchanges heat with hot water on the liquid hydrogen transport ship to become high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen gas, which is then stored in the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank 23;

[0083] Step A2: The relatively high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen is expanded step by step through the first-stage expander 241, the second-stage expander 242, and the third-stage expander 243, whereby the pressure and temperature are reduced, and the hydrogen is converted into relatively high-temperature and low-pressure hydrogen.

[0084] Step A3: The relatively high temperature and low pressure hydrogen is heated up after heat exchange with the hot water on the liquid hydrogen transport ship in the second heat exchanger 25, and becomes high temperature and low pressure hydrogen. After the high temperature and low pressure hydrogen is output from the hydrogen outlet of the second heat exchanger 25, it enters the hydrogen storage tank 4 through the high temperature liquid hydrogen gasification inlet on the hydrogen storage tank 4.

[0085] After being processed by the liquid hydrogen processing system 2 , the liquid hydrogen becomes high-temperature, low-pressure gaseous hydrogen. The temperature of the hydrogen output from the hydrogen outlet of the second heat exchanger 25 is higher than the temperature of the liquid hydrogen output from the liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1 .

[0086] Step B: The low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas is output from the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1, and is processed by the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system 3 to become high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas. The high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas enters the hydrogen storage tank 4 through the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet on the hydrogen storage tank 4, which includes the following specific steps:

[0087] Step B1: The low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas is output from the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank 1, absorbs heat while passing through the low-temperature flow channel 30, and its temperature rises, turning into a higher-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas;

[0088] Step B2: The relatively high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas is compressed and pressurized by the first compressor 31 while being heated, then enters the first high-temperature flow channel 32 to release heat to the low-temperature flow channel 30, is compressed and pressurized by the second compressor 33 while being heated, then enters the second high-temperature flow channel 34 to release heat to the low-temperature flow channel 30, and finally enters the third high-temperature flow channel 36 to release heat to the low-temperature flow channel 30, becoming a high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas.

[0089] Step B3: The high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas enters the hydrogen storage tank 4 through the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet on the hydrogen storage tank 4 .

[0090] In which, step A and step B are performed simultaneously. The relatively high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas expands and reduces pressure and temperature when passing through the first-stage expander 241. During the expansion process, the first impeller of the first-stage expander 241 is driven to rotate, driving the corresponding rotating shaft to rotate. The corresponding rotating shaft drives the second impeller of the first compressor 31 to rotate, thereby compressing and pressurizing the relatively high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the first compressor 31. The relatively high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas expands and reduces pressure and temperature when passing through the second-stage expander 242. During the expansion process, the first impeller of the second-stage expander 242 is driven to rotate, driving the corresponding rotating shaft to rotate. The corresponding rotating shaft drives the second impeller of the second compressor 33 to rotate, thereby compressing and pressurizing the relatively high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the second compressor 33. The relatively high-temperature, high-pressure hydrogen gas expands and reduces pressure and temperature when passing through the third-stage expander 243. During the expansion process, the first impeller of the third-stage expander 243 is driven to rotate, driving the corresponding rotating shaft to rotate. The corresponding rotating shaft drives the second impeller of the third compressor 35 to rotate, thereby compressing and pressurizing the relatively high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas in the third compressor 35.

[0091] Step C: The mixed gas of the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasified gas and the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas stored in the hydrogen storage tank 4 is supplied to the outside through the mixed gas outlet 40 .

[0092] Specifically, under the pressure regulation effect of the pressure control valve 41 , the mixed gas of the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas and the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas supplies hydrogen to the outside through the mixed gas outlet 40 .

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen supply system for recovering and treating liquid hydrogen boil-off gas from a liquid hydrogen transport ship, characterized in that: The invention comprises a liquid hydrogen spherical tank (1), a liquid hydrogen processing system (2), a liquid hydrogen evaporation gas processing system (3) and a hydrogen storage tank (4), all of which are arranged on a liquid hydrogen transport ship. The bottom of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank (1) is provided with a liquid hydrogen outlet, and the top is provided with a low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen vapor outlet. The hydrogen storage tank (4) is provided with a high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas inlet and a high-temperature liquid hydrogen evaporation gas inlet. The liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank (1) is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank (4) through the liquid hydrogen processing system (2); The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank (1) is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank (4) through the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system (3); The liquid hydrogen in the liquid hydrogen processing system (2) and the liquid hydrogen evaporated gas in the liquid hydrogen evaporated gas processing system (3) can exchange heat during their respective transportation processes, and mechanical energy can be transferred between the liquid hydrogen processing system (2) and the liquid hydrogen evaporated gas processing system (3). The liquid hydrogen evaporated gas inside the liquid hydrogen spherical tank (1) is recovered and processed and stored again in the hydrogen storage tank (4) with the liquid hydrogen vaporized gas.

2. The hydrogen supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The liquid hydrogen processing system (2) includes at least one expander, The liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system (3) comprises a low-temperature flow channel (30), at least one compressor and a high-temperature flow channel, The liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank (1) is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank (4) through the expander of the liquid hydrogen processing system (2); After the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank (1) is connected to the low-temperature flow channel (30) of the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system (3), the gas then alternately passes through a compressor and a high-temperature flow channel, and finally is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank (4); wherein an expander of the liquid hydrogen processing system (2) and a compressor of the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system (3) are coaxially connected to form an expander compressor; The low-temperature flow channel (30) serves as a heat absorption side, and each high-temperature flow channel serves as a heat release side. A low-temperature flow channel (30) and at least one high-temperature flow channel are packaged together to form a heat exchanger.

3. The hydrogen supply system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The liquid hydrogen processing system (2) includes a liquid hydrogen booster pump (21), a first heat exchanger (22), a high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (23), a multi-stage expander (24) and a second heat exchanger (25). The liquid hydrogen booster pump (21), the first heat exchanger (22), the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (23), the multi-stage expander (24) and the second heat exchanger (25) are sequentially arranged from front to back on a pipeline connecting the liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank (1) and the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank (4).

4. The hydrogen supply system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first heat exchanger (22) is provided with a high-temperature water inlet and a low-temperature water outlet on the heat release side, and a liquid hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet on the heat absorption side. The high-temperature water inlet and the low-temperature water outlet of the first heat exchanger (22) are respectively used to input hot water from the liquid hydrogen transport ship and to output low-temperature water for return to the liquid hydrogen transport ship; The high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (23) is provided with a high-pressure hydrogen inlet and a high-pressure hydrogen outlet; The second heat exchanger (25) is provided with a high-temperature water inlet and a low-temperature water outlet on the heat release side, and a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet on the heat absorption side. The high-temperature water inlet and the low-temperature water outlet of the second heat exchanger (25) are respectively used to input hot water from the liquid hydrogen transport ship and to output low-temperature water for return to the liquid hydrogen transport ship; The liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank (1) is connected to the liquid inlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (21) through a pipeline; The liquid outlet of the liquid hydrogen booster pump (21) is connected to the liquid hydrogen inlet of the first heat exchanger (22) through a pipeline; The hydrogen outlet of the first heat exchanger (22) is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen inlet of the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (23) through a pipeline; The high-pressure hydrogen outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (23) is connected to the inlet of the multi-stage expander (24) through a pipeline; The outlet of the multi-stage expander (24) is connected to the hydrogen inlet of the second heat exchanger (25) through a pipeline, and the hydrogen outlet of the second heat exchanger (25) is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank (4) through a pipeline.

5. The hydrogen supply system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The multi-stage expander (24) includes several expanders, the inlet of the first expander is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (23) through a pipeline, the inlet of the next expander is connected to the outlet of the adjacent previous expander through a pipeline, the outlet of the last expander is connected to the heat absorption side inlet of the second heat exchanger (25) through a pipeline, and the heat absorption side inlet and outlet of the second heat exchanger (25) are connected to the high-pressure liquid hydrogen gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank (4) through a pipeline; The liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system (3) includes a multi-channel heat exchanger and a multi-stage compression system, wherein the multi-channel heat exchanger includes a low-temperature flow channel (30) and a plurality of high-temperature flow channels, wherein the low-temperature flow channel (30) serves as a heat absorption side of the multi-channel heat exchanger, and a low-temperature medium inlet and a high-temperature medium outlet are respectively provided at both ends thereof, and each high-temperature flow channel serves as a heat release side of the multi-channel heat exchanger, and the inlet of each high-temperature flow channel is used to input the high-temperature medium, and the outlet is used to output the low-temperature medium; The low-temperature medium inlet of the low-temperature flow channel (30) is connected to the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank (1) through a pipeline; The multi-stage compression system includes a plurality of compressors, wherein the inlet of the first compressor is connected to the high-temperature medium outlet of the low-temperature flow channel (30) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the first compressor is connected to the inlet of the first high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline; the inlet of the next compressor is connected to the outlet of the previous high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline, and the outlet of the next compressor is connected to the inlet of the next high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline; the inlet of the last compressor is connected to the outlet of the previous high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline, and the outlet of the last compressor is connected to the inlet of the last high-temperature flow channel through a pipeline, and the outlet of the last high-temperature flow channel is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen evaporated gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank (4) through a pipeline; The number of the expanders is the same as the number of the compressors, and one expander is paired with one compressor to form an expansion compressor, the expander of each expansion compressor is configured with a first impeller, the compressor of each expansion compressor is configured with a second impeller, and the first impeller and the second impeller of each expansion compressor are connected by a rotating shaft.

6. The hydrogen supply system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The multi-stage expander (24) includes a first-stage expander (241), a second-stage expander (242) and a third-stage expander (243), the inlet of the first-stage expander (241) is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen outlet of the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (23) through a pipeline, the inlet of the second-stage expander (242) is connected to the outlet of the first-stage expander (241) through a pipeline, the inlet of the third-stage expander (243) is connected to the outlet of the second-stage expander (242) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the third-stage expander (243) is connected to the heat absorption side inlet of the second heat exchanger (25) through a pipeline; The multi-channel heat exchanger includes a low-temperature flow channel (30) and a first high-temperature flow channel (32), a second high-temperature flow channel (34) and a third high-temperature flow channel (36); the multi-stage compression system includes a first compressor (31), a second compressor (33) and a third compressor (35); the low-temperature flow channel (30), the first compressor (31), the first high-temperature flow channel (32), the second compressor (33), the second high-temperature flow channel (34), the third compressor (35) and the third high-temperature flow channel (36) are sequentially connected from front to back; the outlet of the third high-temperature flow channel (36) is connected to the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet of the hydrogen storage tank (4) through a pipeline; The first-stage expander (241) is coaxially connected to the first compressor (31) to form a first expansion compressor, the second-stage expander (242) is coaxially connected to the second compressor (33) to form a second expansion compressor, and the third-stage expander (243) is coaxially connected to the third compressor (35) to form a third expansion compressor.

7. The hydrogen supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The low-temperature medium inlet and the high-temperature medium outlet of the low-temperature flow channel (30) are used to input low-temperature medium and output high-temperature medium respectively, serving as a heat absorption side; The inlets of the first high-temperature flow channel (32), the second high-temperature flow channel (34), and the third high-temperature flow channel (36) are respectively used to input high-temperature media, and the outlets are respectively used to output low-temperature media, serving as three heat release sides; The low-temperature flow channel (30), the first high-temperature flow channel (32), the second high-temperature flow channel (34) and the third high-temperature flow channel (36) are packaged together to form a multi-channel heat exchanger with a heat absorption side and three heat release sides.

8. The hydrogen supply system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The multi-channel heat exchanger is a printed circuit board heat exchanger.

9. The hydrogen supply system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage tank (4) is provided with a mixed gas outlet (40), and the mixed gas outlet (40) is provided with a pressure control valve (41).

10. A hydrogen supply method based on the recovery and treatment of liquid hydrogen boil-off gas from a liquid hydrogen carrier, using the hydrogen supply system based on the recovery and treatment of liquid hydrogen boil-off gas from a liquid hydrogen carrier according to claim 9, characterized in that: include: Step A: Liquid hydrogen is output from the liquid hydrogen outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank (1), and after being processed by the liquid hydrogen processing system (2), it becomes high-temperature, low-pressure gaseous hydrogen. The high-temperature, low-pressure gaseous hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage tank (4) through the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas inlet on the hydrogen storage tank (4), which includes the following specific steps: Step A1: After being pressurized by the liquid hydrogen booster pump (21), the liquid hydrogen is heated in the first heat exchanger (22) after being heat exchanged with hot water on the liquid hydrogen transport ship, and is converted into relatively high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen and stored in the high-pressure hydrogen buffer tank (23); Step A2: After the relatively high temperature and high pressure hydrogen is expanded step by step through the first-stage expander (241), the second-stage expander (242) and the third-stage expander (243), the pressure is reduced and the temperature is also reduced, thus becoming relatively high temperature and low pressure hydrogen; Step A3: The relatively high-temperature, low-pressure hydrogen is heated by heat exchange with hot water on the liquid hydrogen transport ship in the second heat exchanger (25) and becomes high-temperature, low-pressure hydrogen. The high-temperature, low-pressure hydrogen is output from the hydrogen outlet on the heat-absorbing side of the second heat exchanger (25) and then enters the hydrogen storage tank (4) through the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification inlet on the hydrogen storage tank (4); Step B: Low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas is output from the low-temperature, low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank (1), and after being processed by the liquid hydrogen boil-off gas processing system (3), it becomes high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas, and the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas enters the hydrogen storage tank (4) through the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet on the hydrogen storage tank (4), comprising the following specific steps: Step B1: The low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas is output from the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid hydrogen boil-off gas outlet of the liquid hydrogen spherical tank (1), absorbs heat when passing through the low-temperature flow channel (30), and its temperature rises, thereby becoming a higher-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas; Step B2: The higher temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas is compressed and pressurized by the first compressor (31) while its temperature rises, and then releases heat to the low temperature flow channel (30) when passing through the first high temperature flow channel (32), and the temperature rises while compressed and pressurized by the second compressor (33), and then releases heat to the low temperature flow channel (30) when passing through the second high temperature flow channel (34), and finally the temperature rises while compressed and pressurized by the third compressor (35), and then releases heat to the low temperature flow channel (30) when passing through the third high temperature flow channel (36), thereby becoming a high temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas; Step B3: The high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas enters the hydrogen storage tank (4) through the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas inlet on the hydrogen storage tank (4); wherein said step A and said step B are performed simultaneously, the high temperature and high pressure hydrogen gas expands and reduces pressure and temperature when passing through the first-stage expander (241), and during the expansion process, it drives the first impeller of the first-stage expander (241) to rotate, driving the corresponding rotating shaft to rotate, and the corresponding rotating shaft drives the second impeller of the first compressor (31) to rotate, thereby achieving compression and pressurization of the high temperature liquid hydrogen evaporation gas in the first compressor (31); the high temperature and high pressure hydrogen gas expands and reduces pressure and temperature when passing through the second-stage expander (242), and during the expansion process, it drives the first impeller of the second-stage expander (242) to rotate, thereby achieving compression and pressurization of the high temperature liquid hydrogen evaporation gas in the first compressor (31); The impeller rotates, driving the corresponding rotating shaft to rotate, and the corresponding rotating shaft drives the second impeller of the second compressor (33) to rotate, thereby achieving compression and pressure increase of the higher temperature liquid hydrogen evaporated gas in the second compressor (33); the higher temperature and high pressure hydrogen expands and reduces pressure and temperature when passing through the three-stage expander (243), and during the expansion process, it drives the first impeller of the three-stage expander (243) to rotate, driving the corresponding rotating shaft to rotate, and the corresponding rotating shaft drives the second impeller of the third compressor (35) to rotate, thereby achieving compression and pressure increase of the higher temperature liquid hydrogen evaporated gas in the third compressor (35); Step C: The mixed gas of the high-temperature liquid hydrogen gasification gas and the high-temperature liquid hydrogen boil-off gas stored in the hydrogen storage tank (4) is supplied to the outside through the mixed gas outlet (40).

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