Improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of water-cooled motors, in particular to an improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor; the motor comprises a shell and a main shaft which passes through the shell in the axial direction; a water cooling seat with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe is fixed to the upper outer wall of the shell; an annular groove on the left and an annular cavity on the right which are in communication with each other are arranged in the shell; the cross section of the annular cavity is larger than that of the annular groove; the annular groove is movably and sealingly connected with an annular plate in the axial direction of the shell; the right side of the annular plate is fixed to the right inner wall of the annular cavity through two elastic spiral plates; the spiral plates are movably and sealingly connected with the inner wall of the annular groove; the extension and retraction lengths of multiple hydraulic micro telescopic cylinders are changed with the change of the rotating speed of the main shaft, so that the paths of the cold flow channel and the backflow channel in the annular groove are adapted to the change of the rotating speed of the main shaft, and the water cooling effect of the motor is met, and the energy-saving purpose is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water-cooled electric motor technology, specifically an improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor. Background Technology

[0002] Three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors are widely used in new energy vehicles, industrial automation equipment, aerospace and other fields due to their advantages such as high efficiency, energy saving and high power density. At present, their cooling methods are mainly divided into two categories: air cooling and liquid cooling. Air cooling systems drive airflow through axial fans or centrifugal fans to exchange heat between the air and the motor surface. However, due to the low specific heat capacity and low heat transfer efficiency of air, it is difficult to meet the heat dissipation requirements under high load conditions, which limits the performance of the motor.

[0003] Liquid cooling uses liquid as the cooling medium and has higher heat dissipation efficiency compared to air cooling. Liquid cooling can be further subdivided into water cooling, oil cooling, and immersion liquid cooling. Oil cooling uses coolants such as mineral oil and synthetic oil to remove heat and has the advantages of good insulation and dual functions of lubrication and cooling, but it has the problems of high cost and complex maintenance. Immersion liquid cooling completely immerses the motor in coolant (such as fluorinated liquid), which has good heat dissipation uniformity, but the system structure is complex and the requirements for coolant are stringent.

[0004] Among various liquid cooling methods, water cooling technology has become the most widely used cooling solution due to water's high specific heat capacity (approximately 4.2 kJ / (kg·℃)), low cost, and abundant resources. Water cooling systems typically employ methods such as creating spiral or S-shaped cooling channels in the motor stator core or casing, or embedding heat-conducting copper pipes, allowing the coolant to circulate within the channels and carry away heat. This cooling method effectively reduces motor temperature rise and ensures stable motor operation.

[0005] However, the internal cooling channel paths of existing water-cooled motors are usually fixed, which can cause problems when the motor operates at different power levels. When the motor is operating at low power, the heat generated is relatively small. At this time, if the cooling channel path is too long, the residence time of the coolant in the channel increases. Since the driving power of the water pump is constant, the high resistance brought about by the long channel will cause the coolant flow rate to decrease, making it difficult for heat to be carried away in time. Instead, heat is more likely to accumulate inside the motor, causing localized overheating. At the same time, the water pump will consume more electrical energy to overcome the resistance of the long channel, reducing the system's energy efficiency.

[0006] Under high-power operation, the heat generated by the motor increases dramatically. If the cooling channel is too short, the contact area and contact time between the coolant and the heat-generating parts of the motor are insufficient. Even if the coolant flow rate is high, it is difficult to quickly remove a large amount of heat, leading to excessively high motor temperature. Prolonged exposure to high temperatures accelerates the aging of the motor winding insulation material, and permanent magnets may experience irreversible demagnetization, severely affecting the motor's performance and lifespan, and even causing safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention proposes an improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor. This invention controls the extension and retraction length of a multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder to change with the rotational speed of the main shaft, thereby adapting the cold flow channel and return flow channel paths in the annular groove to the rotational speed of the main shaft, thus achieving the goal of energy saving while satisfying the water cooling effect of the motor.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by this invention to solve its technical problem is as follows: An improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising a housing and a main shaft passing through the center axially of the housing; a water-cooling base with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the upper outer wall of the housing; the housing interior is provided with an interconnected annular groove on the left and an annular cavity on the right; the cross-section of the annular cavity is larger than the cross-section of the annular groove; the annular groove is movably and sealingly connected to an annular plate in the axial direction of the housing; the right side of the annular plate is connected to the right side of the annular cavity via two elastic spiral plates. The inner wall is fixedly connected; the spiral plate is movably and sealed to the inner wall of the annular groove; the two spiral plates form a spiral-shaped cold flow channel and a return flow channel; the left inner wall of the annular groove is connected to the left side of the annular plate through a folded tube; the left end of the folded tube is connected to the inlet pipe through an inlet hole, and the right end is connected to the cold flow channel through an inlet hole on the annular plate; the outlet pipe is connected to the left inner wall of the annular groove through an outlet hole; the left side of the annular plate is connected to the return flow channel through an outlet hole; the left inner wall of the annular groove and the left side of the annular plate are connected by a multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, one of the spiral plates has a spacer ball protruding from its inner and outer walls along the spiral direction; the annular groove has a folding hole on its left inner wall; the left end of the folding tube is fixed to the left inner wall of the folding hole; the left inner wall of the folding hole is connected to the water inlet hole.

[0010] Preferably, a drive groove is concentrically arranged inside the housing and the main shaft; an annular drive seat is rotatably and sealed inside the drive groove; a first gap is left between the inner edge of the drive seat and the outer wall of the main shaft; the inner edge of the drive seat is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main shaft through an inner ring; a cylinder hole is provided on the left inner wall of the annular groove; the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder is located at the bottom of the cylinder hole; the first gap is connected inside the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder through a first liquid hole; a radial groove is arranged radially inside the drive seat; a radial block is slidably and sealed along the drive seat; a radial spring is supported on the side of the radial block away from the main shaft; the end of the radial groove near the main shaft is connected to the first gap through a second liquid hole; a first air hole is provided through the radial groove away from the main shaft; an outer annular groove is provided on the arc-shaped inner wall of the drive groove facing outward; a second air hole is provided through the outer annular groove radially outward.

[0011] Preferably, an adjusting plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the radial groove; the adjusting plate is provided with vent holes through its inner and outer sides; the adjusting plate is located on the side of the radial block away from the main shaft; the radial spring is connected between the adjusting plate and the radial block; a first threaded hole is provided on the side of the adjusting plate away from the radial block; a stud is threadedly and sealed to the first threaded hole; a cross-shaped groove is provided on the side of the stud away from the main shaft; slots are evenly provided on the inner wall of the radial groove; a groove is provided on the outer wall of the adjusting plate that contacts the radial groove; a locking block is slidably and sealed to the groove; the bottom of the groove is connected to the bottom of the first threaded hole through a third liquid hole.

[0012] Preferably, the number of the second air holes is consistent with the number of the first air holes; the positions of the second air holes and the positions of the first air holes are aligned as the drive seat rotates.

[0013] Preferably, the arc-shaped outer wall of the shell is provided with a second threaded hole; the second threaded hole cuts off the first liquid hole, and the bolt is sealed and connected to the inner thread of the second threaded hole.

[0014] Preferably, the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder is composed of multiple cylinder sleeves and cylinder rods; the multiple cylinder sleeves are nested inside and outside; the inner and outer cylinder sleeves are slidably sealed together; the innermost cylinder sleeve is slidably sealed to the cylinder rod; and the left end of the multiple cylinder sleeves is connected to the first liquid hole.

[0015] Preferably, the outlet hole is located at a lower position within the annular groove.

[0016] Preferably, the annular cavity has a rotating seal connection to the inner arc-shaped wall near its inner side; the rotating seat is fixedly connected to the main shaft; and a heat dissipation ring is uniformly fixedly connected to the outer arc-shaped wall of the rotating seat.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. This invention controls the extension and retraction length of a multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder to change with the rotational speed of the main shaft, thereby making the cold flow channel and return flow channel paths in the annular groove adapt to the rotational speed of the main shaft, thus satisfying the water cooling effect of the motor while achieving energy saving.

[0019] 2. This invention uses the rotation of the main shaft to drive the radial block to move within the radial groove as the drive seat rotates, thereby causing the length of the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder to change directly with the rotation speed of the main shaft. This allows the path lengths of the cold flow channel and return flow channel within the annular groove to be directly adjusted, resulting in a more sensitive and stable response.

[0020] 3. This invention adjusts the position of the adjusting plate in the radial groove, thereby changing the force of the radial spring against the back of the radial block. This adjusts the matching degree between the radial block and the cold flow channel path length after centrifugation, making the cooling effect of the motor more precise. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A stereoscopic view from another perspective;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0026] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 Enlarged view at point D;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the first pore and the second pore in this invention;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the spiral plate in this invention;

[0031] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Enlarged view of point E in the middle.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 11. Annular groove; 12. Annular cavity; 13. Drive groove; 14. Cylinder bore; 15. Second threaded hole; 16. Bolt; 17. Folding hole; 2. Main shaft; 3. Water-cooled base; 31. Inlet pipe; 32. Outlet pipe; 33. Inlet hole; 34. Outlet hole; 4. Annular plate; 41. Folding pipe; 42. Inlet plate hole; 43. Outlet plate hole; 5. Spiral plate; 51. Cold flow channel; 52. Return flow channel; 53. Partition ball; 6. Multi-section hydraulic miniature telescopic cylinder; 61. Cylinder liner. 62. Cylinder rod, 7. Drive seat, 71. First clearance, 72. Inner ring, 73. First liquid hole, 74. Radial groove, 741. Radial block, 75. Radial spring, 76. Second liquid hole, 77. First air hole, 78. Outer ring groove, 79. Second air hole, 791. Adjusting plate, 81. Vent hole, 82. First threaded hole, 83. Stud, 84. Cross groove, 85. Recess, 86. Third liquid hole, 87. Rotary seat, 9. Heat dissipation ring, 91. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0034] Example 1: An improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor includes a housing 1 and a main shaft 2 passing through the center of the housing 1 axially; a water-cooled base 3 with an inlet pipe 31 and an outlet pipe 32 is fixedly connected to the upper outer wall of the housing 1; the housing 1 has an interconnected annular groove 11 on the left and an annular cavity 12 on the right; the cross-section of the annular cavity 12 is larger than the cross-section of the annular groove 11; the annular groove 11 is movably and sealingly connected to an annular plate 4 in the axial direction of the housing 1; the right side of the annular plate 4 is fixedly connected to the right inner wall of the annular cavity 12 by two elastic spiral plates 5; the spiral plates 5 and the annular groove 11 The inner wall is connected by a movable seal; the two spiral plates 5 form a spiral-shaped cold flow channel 51 and a return flow channel 52; the left inner wall of the annular groove 11 is connected to the left side of the annular plate 4 through a folded tube 41; the left end of the folded tube 41 is connected to the inlet pipe 31 through the inlet hole 33, and the right end is connected to the cold flow channel 51 through the inlet plate hole 42 on the annular plate 4; the outlet pipe 32 is connected to the left inner wall of the annular groove 11 through the outlet hole 34; the left side of the annular plate 4 is connected to the return flow channel 52 through the outlet plate hole 43; the left inner wall of the annular groove 11 and the left side of the annular plate 4 are connected by a multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6.

[0035] In this embodiment, one of the spiral plates 5 has a spacer ball 53 protruding from its inner and outer walls along the spiral direction; the annular groove 11 has a folding hole 17 on its left inner wall; the left end of the folding tube 41 is fixed to the left inner wall of the folding hole 17; the left inner wall of the folding hole 17 is connected to the water inlet hole 33.

[0036] A cylindrical working cavity is provided inside the housing 1. The housing 1 can be cut in half axially for machining and then welded together after assembly. The stator is fixed to the inner wall of the working cavity, and the rotor is rotatably connected to the inner side of the stator. The rotor is fixed to the main shaft 2 that passes through the housing 1 axially. The main shaft 2 is rotatably connected to the housing 1 through bearings. After the motor is connected to the power supply and the corresponding driven device is connected, the water inlet pipe 31 and water outlet pipe 32 on the water-cooled base 3 are connected to a water pump with a water source. The water source can be circulated under the action of the water pump. During the operation of the motor, the rotor will rotate inside the stator, and the rotor will drive the main shaft 2 to rotate. During the rotation of the main shaft 2, the corresponding driven device will work. The water source will enter the housing 1 through the water inlet pipe 31 under the action of the water pump. Cold water enters the water-cooled base 3 through the inlet pipe 31 and then through the inlet hole 33. The cold water inside the inlet hole 33 flows through the folded pipe 41 and the inlet plate hole 42 into the cold flow channel 51. The inner and outer edges of the cold flow channel 51 located in the annular groove 11 are closed, allowing the cold water to flow along the spiral-shaped cold flow channel 51. The stator and rotor transfer heat to the outer casing, which in turn transfers heat to the cold water in the cold flow channel 51. The cold water flows along the cold flow channel 51 and enters the annular cavity 12 from the annular groove 11. The inner and outer edges of the cold flow channel 51 located in the annular cavity 12 are open, connecting the portions of the cold flow channel 51 and the return channel 52 within the annular cavity 12. This allows the cold flow channel 51 to flow smoothly. Cold water enters the annular cavity 12 from the annular groove 11 from left to right. The cold water then flows into the return channel 52, which flows from right to left. This return channel also carries away heat as it enters the annular groove 11 from the annular cavity 12, gradually turning into hot water. The hot water flows through the outlet hole 43 into the left side of the annular plate 4, and finally exits through the outlet hole 34 at the left end of the annular groove 11 into the outlet pipe 32. The hot water flowing out of the outlet pipe 32 is cooled and becomes cold water, which then circulates back into the inlet pipe 31. This process repeats. The flow principle of the cold flow channel 51 and the return channel 52 formed by the two spiral plates 5 can be referenced in the patent CN103023219B entitled "Water-cooled Motor". The multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 shortens as the rotational speed of the main shaft 2 increases. When the rotational speed of the main shaft 2 increases, the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 shortens and pulls the annular plate 4 to the left. During the leftward movement of the annular plate 4, the folding tube 41 will be contracted. During the leftward movement of the annular plate 4, the left end of the two spiral plates 5 will be pulled to the left, so that more spiral turns of the spiral plates 5 enter the annular groove 11 from the annular cavity 12. This extends the flow path of the cold flow channel 51 and the return flow channel 52 in the annular groove 11, so that the cold water will flow along the longer path of the cold flow channel 51 and the return flow channel 52, so as to achieve full contact between the cold water and the heat, improve the transfer effect of cold water and heat, and thus meet the heat dissipation effect at high speed.As the rotational speed of the main shaft 2 decreases, the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 extends, causing the annular plate 4 to move to the right. During this movement, the annular plate 4 pulls the folded tube 41 to unfold, and the two spiral plates 5 move to the right at their left ends. This reduces the number of turns of the spiral plates 5 within the annular groove 11, thus shortening the flow path of the cold flow channel 51 and the return flow channel 52 within the annular groove 11. This allows cold water to flow along the shorter paths of the cold flow channel 51 and the return flow channel 52, thereby meeting the cooling requirements of the motor while reducing the operating resistance of the water pump and achieving energy saving. In addition, the shortened paths in the cold flow channel 51 and the return flow channel 52 within the annular groove 11 also allow the heat in the motor to be carried away in a timely manner. The extension length of the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 changes with the rotational speed of the main shaft 2.

[0037] Furthermore, a folding tube 41 is provided on the left side of the annular groove 11 to allow the folding tube 41 to enter the folding hole 17, thereby facilitating the left-side storage of the folding tube 41 and preventing the folding tube 41 from affecting the left-right movement of the annular plate 4. In addition, a spacer ball 53 is fixedly connected to the inner and outer walls of one of the spiral plates 5 along the spiral direction. The spacer ball 53 serves to separate the two spiral plates 5, so that the two spiral plates 5 will not close during the formation of the cold flow channel 51 and the return flow channel 52, thereby satisfying the liquid flow and making the liquid flow smoother. The folding tube 41 can be replaced with a telescopic sleeve.

[0038] This invention controls the extension length of the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 to change with the rotational speed of the main shaft 2, thereby making the paths of the cold flow channel 51 and the return flow channel 52 in the annular groove 11 adapt to the rotational speed of the main shaft 2, thus satisfying the water cooling effect of the motor while achieving energy saving.

[0039] Example 2: A drive groove 13 is concentrically arranged inside the housing 1 and the main shaft 2; an annular drive seat 7 is rotatably and sealed inside the drive groove 13; a first gap 71 is left between the inner edge of the drive seat 7 and the outer wall of the main shaft 2; the inner edge of the drive seat 7 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main shaft 2 through an inner ring 72; a cylinder hole 14 is provided on the left inner wall of the annular groove 11; the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 is located at the bottom of the cylinder hole 14; the interior of the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 is connected to the first gap 71 through a first liquid hole 73; the drive... The drive seat 7 has a radial groove 74 arranged radially inside; the radial groove 74 is slidably and sealingly connected to the radial block 75 along the drive seat 7; the radial block 75 is supported by a radial spring 76 on the side away from the main shaft 2; the end of the radial groove 74 near the main shaft 2 is connected to the first gap 71 through the second liquid hole 77; the end of the radial groove 74 away from the main shaft 2 is provided with a first air hole 78 extending outward; the inner wall of the drive groove 13 is provided with an outer ring groove 79 facing outward; the outer ring groove 79 is provided with a second air hole 791 extending outward radially.

[0040] During the rotation of the main shaft 2, the inner ring 72 will rotate, which in turn will cause the drive seat 7 to rotate within the drive groove 13. The rotation of the drive seat 7 will cause the internal radial blocks 75 to rotate around the main shaft 2. There are multiple radial grooves 74, evenly distributed around the main shaft 2. As the drive seat 7 rotates, the radial blocks 75 within the radial grooves 74 generate centrifugal force. During the accelerated rotation of the drive seat 7, the radial blocks 75, under the action of centrifugal force, will slide away from the main shaft 2 along the radial grooves 74. In this process of moving away from the main shaft 2, the radial blocks 75 will overcome the elastic force of the radial spring 76. The space within the radial groove 74 is divided into an inner diameter groove and an outer diameter groove. As the radial block 75 moves away from the main shaft 2, the space in the inner diameter groove expands, creating negative pressure. Under the action of negative pressure, the liquid inside the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 flows back to the first gap 71 along the first liquid hole 73, and then flows back to the second liquid hole 77 and the inner diameter groove along the first gap 71. As the radial block 75 moves away from the main shaft 2, the space in the outer diameter groove will become smaller. The gas in the outer diameter groove will be compressed and discharged along the first air hole 78, the outer ring groove 79, and the second air hole 791. During the acceleration process of the drive seat 7, the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 shortens, causing the annular plate 4 to move to the left.

[0041] During the deceleration rotation of the drive seat 7, the centrifugal force on the radial block 75 decreases, and the radial spring 76 pushes the radial block 75 to slide along the radial groove 74 close to the main shaft 2. As the radial block 75 approaches the main shaft 2, the inner diameter groove space becomes smaller and the outer diameter groove space becomes larger. External gas will enter the outer diameter groove along the second air hole 791, the outer ring groove 79 and the first air hole 78. The oil in the inner diameter groove will flow into the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 along the second liquid hole 77, the first gap 71 and the first liquid hole 73, causing the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 to extend and drive the annular plate 4 to move to the right.

[0042] This embodiment drives the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 to extend and retract in two ways. One way is that the sensor senses the speed of the motor, and the hydraulic pump drives the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 to extend and retract under the instruction of the sensor. The second way is the driving method in this embodiment. The rotation of the main shaft 2 drives the radial block 75 to move in the radial groove 74 with the rotation of the drive seat 7. This makes the length of the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 change directly with the speed of the main shaft 2. This allows the path length of the cold flow channel 51 and the return flow channel 52 in the annular groove 11 to be directly adjusted, making the response more sensitive and stable.

[0043] Example 3: An adjusting plate 8 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the radial groove 74; the adjusting plate 8 is provided with vent holes 81 through its inner and outer sides; the adjusting plate 8 is located on the side of the radial block 75 away from the main shaft 2; the radial spring 76 is connected between the adjusting plate 8 and the radial block 75; the side of the adjusting plate 8 away from the radial block 75 is provided with a first threaded hole 82; a stud 83 is threadedly and sealed to the inner side of the first threaded hole 82; a cross-shaped groove 84 is provided on the side of the adjusting plate 8 away from the main shaft 2; slots 741 are evenly provided on the inner wall of the radial groove 74; a groove 85 is provided on the outer wall of the adjusting plate 8 that contacts the radial groove 74; a locking block 86 is slidably and sealed to the groove 85; the bottom of the groove 85 is connected to the bottom of the first threaded hole 82 through a third liquid hole 87.

[0044] In this embodiment, the number of the second air holes 791 is consistent with the number of the first air holes 78; the positions of the second air holes 791 and the positions of the first air holes 78 are aligned as the drive seat 7 rotates.

[0045] When a tool such as a Phillips screwdriver is inserted into one of the second air holes 791 and pressed against the arc-shaped outer wall of the drive seat 7, the spindle 2 rotates, causing the drive seat 7 to rotate. The first air hole 78 on the arc-shaped outer wall of the drive seat 7 aligns with the second air hole 791. The tool is inserted into the first air hole 78 and contacts the cross-shaped groove 84 on the stud 83. After the tool is inserted into the cross-shaped groove 84 and rotates, the tool drives the stud 83 to rotate. During the rotation of the stud 83, it moves away from the bottom of the first threaded hole 82, thus creating a negative pressure inside the first threaded hole 82. Under the action of the negative pressure, the locking block 86 moves out of the corresponding locking groove 741 and retracts. Within the groove 85, the adjusting plate 8 is unlocked within the radial groove 74. Subsequently, the adjusting plate 8 is controlled to move within the radial groove 74. As the adjusting plate 8 approaches the main shaft 2, the elastic force of the radial spring 76 against the radial block 75 increases. This requires the radial block 75 to exert a greater centrifugal force to overcome the radial spring 76 and move away from the main shaft 2. Consequently, the main shaft 2 needs a higher rotational speed to move the radial block 75 away from the main shaft 2. This higher rotational speed allows the main shaft 2 to extend the path length of the cold flow channel 51 and the return flow channel 52 within the annular groove 11. Furthermore, during the process of controlling the adjusting plate 8 to move away from the main shaft 2, the radial spring... The reduced elastic force of the radial spring 76 against the radial block 75 allows the radial block 75 to overcome the radial spring 76 and move away from the main shaft 2 with less centrifugal force. This means the main shaft 2 needs a lower rotational speed to move the radial block 75 away from the main shaft 2, thus extending the path length of the cold flow channel 51 and the return flow channel 52 within the annular groove 11 at a lower speed. In this embodiment, adjusting the position of the adjusting plate 8 within the radial groove 74 changes the force of the radial spring 76 against the back of the radial block 75, thereby adjusting the matching degree between the radial block 75 and the path length of the cold flow channel 51 after centrifugal force, thus improving the cooling effect of the motor. The matching is more precise; after the position adjustment of the adjustment plate 8 is completed, the reverse turning tool drives the stud 83 to rotate. During the rotation of the stud 83, it will approach the bottom of the first threaded hole 82, so that the liquid medium in the first threaded hole 82 flows into the groove 85 along the third liquid hole 87, thereby pushing the locking block 86 in the groove 85 into the corresponding slot 741, realizing the locking of the adjustment plate 8; after one of the adjustment plates 8 is adjusted, since the number and position of the second air hole 791 are consistent with the first one, the other adjustment plates 8 can be adjusted without rotating the main shaft 2 again, which is convenient for operation.

[0046] Example 4: The outer wall of the shell 1 is provided with a second threaded hole 15; the second threaded hole 15 cuts off the first liquid hole 73, and the bolt 16 is sealed and connected to the inner thread of the second threaded hole 15.

[0047] Since the first liquid hole 73 is cut off by the second threaded hole 15, the extent to which the bolt 16 end blocks the first liquid hole 73 during the tightening of the bolt 16 will change. The more the first liquid hole 73 is blocked, the more difficult it is for the liquid to flow along the first liquid hole 73. The less the first liquid hole 73 is blocked, the easier it is for the liquid to flow along the first liquid hole 73. In this way, by changing the difficulty of liquid flow in the first liquid hole 73, the extension and retraction sensitivity of the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 with the movement of the radial block 75 is indirectly changed, thus making it suitable for more cooling environments of the electric motor.

[0048] Example 5: The multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder 6 is composed of multiple cylinder sleeves 61 and cylinder rods 62; the multiple cylinder sleeves 61 are nested inside and outside; the inner and outer cylinder sleeves 61 are slidably sealed and connected; the innermost cylinder sleeve 61 is slidably sealed and connected to the cylinder rod 62; the left end of the multiple cylinder sleeves 61 is connected to the first liquid hole 73.

[0049] The two adjacent inner and outer cylinder liners 61 are slidably sealed together. The slidable sealing connection means that they can slide and seal, but will not separate from each other. The specific anti-detachment structure is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. For example, the slider is slidably connected in the groove to prevent detachment. After the liquid flows into the inner side of the multiple cylinder liners 61 along the first liquid hole 73, it will push the multiple cylinder liners 61 and the single cylinder rod 62 to unfold. When the liquid inside the multiple cylinder liners 61 is drawn away, the multiple cylinder liners 61 and the single cylinder rod 62 are folded up. The cylinder rod 62 is fixedly connected to the annular plate 4, and the outermost cylinder liner 61 is fixedly connected to the housing 1.

[0050] Example 6: The outlet hole 43 is located at a lower position within the annular groove 11.

[0051] Water flowing out of the return channel 52 will flow through the outlet hole 43 into the space on the left side of the annular plate 4. Since the outlet hole 43 is located at the lower position of the annular groove 11, it can push the water in the lower space of the annular groove 11 on the left side of the annular plate 4 upward, so that the water in the annular groove 11 on the left side of the annular plate 4 can be discharged smoothly, avoiding the water flow from stagnating in the housing 1, and further ensuring the water cooling effect of the motor.

[0052] Example 7: The inner arc-shaped wall of the annular cavity 12 near the inner side is rotatably sealed to the rotating seat 9; the rotating seat 9 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 2; the outer arc-shaped wall of the rotating seat 9 is uniformly fixed to the heat dissipation ring 91.

[0053] During the rotation of the spindle 2, the rotating base 9 will rotate, and the rotating base 9 will drive the multiple heat dissipation rings 91 on the outer wall to rotate. The cold water in the cold flow channel 51 will enter the annular cavity 12 along the annular groove 11 and flow into the return channel 52. The cold water entering the annular cavity 12 will come into contact with the heat dissipation rings 91, and the heat on the heat dissipation rings 91 will be transferred to the cold water in the annular cavity 12. The faster the spindle 2 rotates, the more heat is generated, and the higher the contact frequency between the heat dissipation rings 91 and the cold water in the annular cavity 12. This allows the heat of the spindle 2 to be transferred to the cold water in the annular cavity 12 more quickly through the heat dissipation rings 91, improving the cooling effect of the motor. In addition, after the cold water in the annular cavity 12 is disturbed, the heat distribution is more uniform, allowing the heat in the water in the annular cavity 12 to be carried away in time, avoiding stagnation of the water in the annular cavity 12, which would affect the water cooling effect.

[0054] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the appendix. Figure 1 The orientations or positional relationships shown are for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description only, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0055] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor, comprising a housing and a main shaft passing through the center axis of the housing; a water-cooling base with an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe is fixedly connected to the upper outer wall of the housing; characterized in that: The housing contains an interconnected annular groove on the left and an annular cavity on the right; the cross-section of the annular cavity is larger than that of the annular groove; the annular groove is movably and sealingly connected to an annular plate in the axial direction of the housing; the right side of the annular plate is fixedly connected to the right inner wall of the annular cavity via two elastic spiral plates; the spiral plates are movably and sealingly connected to the inner wall of the annular groove; the two spiral plates form a spiral-shaped cold flow channel and a return flow channel; the left inner wall of the annular groove is connected to the left side of the annular plate via a folded tube; the left end of the folded tube is connected to the inlet pipe via an inlet hole, and the right end is connected to the cold flow channel via an inlet hole on the annular plate; the outlet pipe is connected to the left inner wall of the annular groove via an outlet hole; the left side of the annular plate is connected to the return flow channel via an outlet hole; the left inner wall of the annular groove and the left side of the annular plate are connected by a multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder. The housing has a drive groove concentrically arranged with the main shaft inside; an annular drive seat is rotatably and sealed within the drive groove; a first gap is left between the inner edge of the drive seat and the outer wall of the main shaft; the inner edge of the drive seat is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main shaft through an inner ring; a cylinder hole is provided on the left inner wall of the annular groove; the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder is located at the bottom of the cylinder hole; the first gap is connected to the inside of the multi-section hydraulic micro telescopic cylinder through a first liquid hole; a radial groove is provided radially inside the drive seat; a radial block is slidably and sealed along the drive seat radially; a radial spring is supported on the side of the radial block away from the main shaft; the end of the radial groove near the main shaft is connected to the first gap through a second liquid hole; a first air hole is provided through the radial groove away from the main shaft; an outer annular groove is provided on the arc-shaped inner wall of the drive groove facing outward; a second air hole is provided through the outer annular groove radially outward.

2. An improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the spiral plates has a spacer ball protruding from its inner and outer walls along the spiral direction; the annular groove has a folding hole on its left inner wall; the left end of the folding tube is fixed to the left inner wall of the folding hole; the left inner wall of the folding hole is connected to the water inlet hole.

3. An improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An adjusting plate is slidably connected to the inner wall of the radial groove; the adjusting plate has vent holes running through its inner and outer sides; the adjusting plate is located on the side of the radial block away from the main shaft; the radial spring is connected between the adjusting plate and the radial block; a first threaded hole is provided on the side of the adjusting plate away from the radial block; a stud is threadedly and sealed to the first threaded hole; a cross-shaped groove is provided on the side of the stud away from the main shaft; slots are evenly distributed on the inner wall of the radial groove; a groove is provided on the outer wall of the adjusting plate that contacts the radial groove; a locking block is slidably and sealed to the groove; the bottom of the groove is connected to the bottom of the first threaded hole through a third liquid hole.

4. An improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of the second air holes is consistent with the number of the first air holes; the positions of the second air holes and the positions of the first air holes are aligned as the drive seat rotates.

5. An improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer arc-shaped wall of the shell is provided with a second threaded hole; the second threaded hole cuts off the first liquid hole, and the bolt is connected to the inner thread of the second threaded hole.

6. An improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-section hydraulic miniature telescopic cylinder is composed of multiple cylinder sleeves and cylinder rods; the multiple cylinder sleeves are nested inside and outside; the inner and outer cylinder sleeves are slidably sealed together; the innermost cylinder sleeve is slidably sealed to the cylinder rod; the left end of the multiple cylinder sleeves is connected to the first liquid hole.

7. An improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outlet hole is located at a lower position within the annular groove.

8. An improved water-cooled three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular cavity is rotatably and sealingly connected to the rotating seat via its arc-shaped inner wall near the inner side; the rotating seat is fixedly connected to the main shaft; and a heat dissipation ring is uniformly fixedly connected to the arc-shaped outer wall of the rotating seat.

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