Efficient ampullaria gigas trapping and killing method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pomacea canaliculata trapping, killing and preventing, in particular to an efficient pomacea canaliculata trapping and killing method which comprises the following steps: pre-treating drug particles, specifically preparing drug particles for storing trapping and killing drugs, thickening duckweed dry powder, specifically, coating the drug particles with a duckweed dry powder coating with the thickness of 1mm to obtain inner sphere particles, the mikania micrantha ethanol dry powder thickening treatment means that the mikania micrantha ethanol dry powder tightly and uniformly covers the surface of the duckweed dry powder coating by adopting a spraying process on the outer layer of the inner sphere particles. According to the method, the pomacea canaliculata is actively induced to gather and feed by utilizing the rape straw pith core, and aquatic / terrestrial plant wastes are converted into a biological carrier with gradient inducing-poisoning functions; natural toxic components of mikania micrantha are used for replacing traditional chemical pesticides; the straw pith core is used as a universal skeleton, the duckweed dry powder plays the functions of ecological attraction and nutrition supplement, the mikania micrantha ethanol dry powder provides efficient poisoning ability, and the method is especially suitable for green prevention and control of ampullaria gigas in rice cropping areas of the Yangtze River basin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of trapping and killing of golden apple snails, and in particular to a high-efficiency trapping and killing method for golden apple snails. Background Art

[0002] The golden apple snail is an extremely destructive invasive species in rice-shrimp paddy ecosystems. Its damage to rice-shrimp paddies is mainly reflected in the following aspects: Both adult and juvenile golden apple snails feed on young and tender rice tissues, especially rice seedlings, stems and leaves during the tillering stage. The golden apple snail has a strong reproductive capacity, with a single female snail laying tens of thousands of eggs a year. As an alien species with no natural enemies, it will quickly occupy the ecological niche of rice and shrimp fields, squeezing out the living space of native aquatic organisms such as snails and loaches, and destroying biodiversity. The decomposition of a large number of golden apple snails' metabolic products and dead individuals will lead to deterioration of water quality, increase the organic matter content in the water, and may trigger algae blooms; The invasion of golden apple snails may lead to the degradation of the rice-shrimp field ecosystem function, a decrease in soil fertility, and long-term impact on the sustainable use of farmland.

[0003] Under current conditions, the method of spreading insecticides to solve the problem of golden apple snails is mostly adopted. For example, a pesticide spray device for golden apple snail prevention and control disclosed in announcement number CN220088372U can lure and kill golden apple snails during their spawning period. This not only has the effect of luring and killing the golden apple snails, but also can prevent the snails from laying eggs, thereby fundamentally eliminating the golden apple snail population in farmland. However, golden apple snails are different from native pests. They live in aquatic environments for a long time and have strong adaptability and occupancy to the environment. It is difficult to effectively inhibit golden apple snails with traditional pesticides. It is time-consuming and labor-intensive, seriously increasing agricultural planting costs and even causing immeasurable damage to the agricultural ecology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that it is difficult to trap and kill golden apple snails in the prior art, and to propose an efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails, comprising the following steps: Step S1, pre-processing of the medicine pellets, wherein the pre-processing of the medicine pellets refers to the preparation of the medicine pellets for storing the trapping drug; Step S2, thickening the duckweed dry powder, wherein the duckweed dry powder thickening treatment refers to applying a duckweed dry powder coating with a thickness of 1 mm to the granules to obtain inner spherical granules; Step S3, thickening treatment of the micrantha ethanol dry powder, wherein the thickening treatment of the micrantha ethanol dry powder refers to spraying the outer layer of the inner spherical particles so that the micrantha ethanol dry powder is tightly and evenly covered on the surface of the duckweed dry powder coating, and the thickness of the outer micrantha ethanol dry powder coating accounts for 30-40% of the total thickness of the composite particles; Step S4, forming process, wherein the forming process refers to long-term packaging of the outer ball particles to obtain packaging; Step S5, on-site application treatment; the on-site application treatment refers to trapping and killing the Fountain Snail according to the environment. Under the conditions of water temperature 10-30°C and pH value 6-8 of rice and shrimp field water, the trapping particles can remain stable and the effective action time is not less than 10 days.

[0006] Preferably, the step S1, pre-treatment of the drug particles, includes the following stages: Raw material collection and pretreatment, said raw material collection and pretreatment refers to the selection of rape straw; Pith separation and extraction, wherein the pith separation and extraction refers to extracting the pith from rape straw; Refined screening, wherein the refined screening refers to screening suitable core raw materials; Molding granulation refers to making the core raw material into spherical particles with a diameter of 3 mm; Dry storage refers to the dehydration storage of spherical particles.

[0007] Preferably, the step S2, thickening the duckweed dry powder, includes the following stages: Preparation of duckweed dry powder, wherein the preparation of duckweed dry powder refers to processing duckweed to obtain duckweed dry powder; The internal adhesive is prepared to obtain an internal adhesive that helps the spherical particles to adhere to the duckweed powder; Particle pretreatment, which refers to the pre-treatment of spherical particles before coating with powder; Applying duckweed dry powder, wherein applying duckweed dry powder refers to applying duckweed dry powder to the spherical particles; The primary solidification refers to dehydrating the spherical particles coated with the duckweed powder.

[0008] Preferably, the step S3, thickening treatment of Mikania micrantha ethanol dry powder, includes the following stages: Preparation of mixed dry powder, wherein the mixed dry powder preparation refers to mixing Mikania micrantha and ethanol to prepare the mixed dry powder; External binder preparation, the external binder preparation refers to the preparation of an external binder to obtain a mixed dry powder that assists in binding the spherical particles; Particle deep processing, said particle deep processing refers to the pre-treatment of spherical particles by powder coating; Applying mixed dry powder, wherein applying mixed dry powder refers to applying mixed dry powder to spherical particles; Secondary curing refers to dehydrating the spherical particles coated with the mixed dry powder.

[0009] Preferably, the step S4, the molding process includes the following stages: Physical shaping treatment, wherein the physical shaping treatment refers to shaping the spherical particles that have been powder coated twice; Soaking in an antiseptic solution, wherein the soaking in the antiseptic solution refers to performing an antiseptic treatment on the spherical particles; Adding a flavoring agent to attract food, wherein the flavoring agent is added to the spherical particles to enhance the flavor; Heat-baking and solidifying, wherein the heat-baking and solidifying refers to drying the spherical particles; Vacuum packaging storage refers to packaging the spherical particles.

[0010] Preferably, the step S5, land application processing, includes the following stages: Site survey and site selection, which refers to choosing a suitable placement location; Determining the delivery amount, wherein determining the delivery amount refers to selecting an appropriate delivery amount; Standardized delivery operations, which refer to specific delivery operations in accordance with regulations; Post-administration protection refers to the safety protection after the drug is administered; Effect monitoring and supplementary investment, said effect monitoring and supplementary investment refer to effect monitoring.

[0011] Preferably, the time interval between step S2, the primary solidification stage in the thickening treatment of duckweed dry powder, and step S3, the particle deep processing stage in the thickening treatment of micrantha ethanol dry powder, is at least three days.

[0012] Preferably, the time interval between the secondary solidification stage in the thickening treatment of the micrantha ethanol dry powder in step S3 and the physical shaping treatment stage in step S4 is at least five days.

[0013] Preferably, in step S5, during the land application process, the site is surveyed and a still water area is selected, preferably a rice and shrimp field.

[0014] Preferably, in step S5, the water depth in the still water area during the on-site application treatment is 0.5-2.2 m. When the water depth in the rice-shrimp field exceeds 1.5 m, the dilution effect of the water body on the trapping particles is enhanced. The amount of particles released is calculated by increasing the amount by 20% of the original amount for every 0.5 m increase in water depth to ensure the trapping effect and maintain the concentration of the effective active ingredient in the water layer within the range of 0.5-1.0 mg / L.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention uses rapeseed straw pith as drug granules because rapeseed straw pith is rich in plant polysaccharides, cellulose and small molecular organic matter. Its smell and nutrients are naturally attractive to golden apple snails, similar to the chemical signals of rice straw host plants, which can actively induce golden apple snails to gather and feed. It has the triple characteristics of "natural attraction + sustained drug release + environmental protection and economy". Its core advantage is that it converts agricultural waste into an eco-friendly prevention and control tool. It is particularly suitable for promotion in green farmland and organic planting areas, providing a low-cost and sustainable solution to the damage caused by golden apple snails.

[0016] 2. The present invention adopts a composite system of duckweed powder and rapeseed pith, and through "chemical signal synergy + physical structure enhancement + ecological function superposition", constructs a low-cost, highly adaptable green control model for golden apple snails, converting aquatic / terrestrial plant waste into biological carriers with gradient attraction-poisoning functions, which not only solves the problem of insufficient attraction or easy degradation of a single material, but also provides a new path for the resource utilization of agricultural waste.

[0017] 3. The present invention adopts a composite system of ethanol dry powder of Mikania micrantha and rapeseed pith, and through the innovative path of "extraction of allelopathic substances of invasive plants-carrier sustained-release regulation", constructs a golden apple snail prevention and control model that is both highly effective in killing, ecologically safe and low-cost. The natural toxic components of Mikania micrantha are used to replace traditional chemical pesticides, and the release efficiency of the active ingredients is enhanced through the ethanol extraction process. This not only solves the problem of resource utilization of invasive plants, but also provides a new functional carrier for biological control in farmland.

[0018] 4. The present invention uses straw pith as a universal skeleton, duckweed dry powder plays the role of ecological attraction and nutritional supplement, and micrantha ethanol dry powder provides efficient poisoning ability. The three focus on "precise poisoning + crop protection" in rice and shrimp fields, and on "long-term pest control + water body restoration" in ditches. It is especially suitable for the green prevention and control of golden apple snails in rice-growing areas in the Yangtze River Basin, and can form a circular agricultural model of "agricultural waste utilization-invasive plant transformation-pest control". BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a highly efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of step S1 of the drug pellet pretreatment stage of the highly efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of step S2 of the highly efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails proposed by the present invention, which is a stage of thickening duckweed dry powder; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of step S3 of the highly efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails proposed in the present invention, showing the thickening treatment stage of Mikania micrantha ethanol dry powder; Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the forming process stage of step S4 of the highly efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails proposed by the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of step S5 of the high-efficiency trapping and killing method for golden apple snails proposed in the present invention, which is a stage of on-site application and processing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0021] Reference Figures 1-6 An efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails comprises the following steps: step S1, pretreatment of drug particles; step S2, thickening of duckweed dry powder; step S3, thickening of micrantha ethanol dry powder; step S4, molding; and step S5, land application treatment: The drug pellet pretreatment refers to the customized storage of the drug pellets of the trapping drug. Step S1, drug pellet pretreatment includes the following stages: raw material collection and pretreatment, core separation and extraction, refinement and screening, molding and granulation, and drying and storage: Raw material collection and pretreatment involve selecting rapeseed straw. The pith absorbs water, remains soft and resistant to rainwater washout. It maintains its attractant effect even in humid environments, making it suitable for use in the high humidity environments of rice and shrimp fields. After harvesting mature rapeseed straw, impurities from leaves and roots are removed, leaving only the central 30-55cm section. The straw is then split longitudinally in the middle and aired in a ventilated, dry place at 25-32°C for 3-5 days to reduce its moisture content to below 15% for subsequent processing. The pith is then combined with natural snail killers, preferably tea seed cake or azadirachtin. This rapeseed pith trapping system prevents residual contamination of water and soil with chemical pesticides and exhibits minimal toxicity to non-target organisms such as farmland microorganisms and fish. The pith, primarily composed of cellulose and hemicellulose, can be decomposed into CO2 and H2O by microorganisms in farmland environments. The remaining portion can be converted into soil organic matter, avoiding the white pollution caused by traditional plastic traps or non-degradable carriers.

[0022] Pith separation and extraction involves extracting the pith from rapeseed straw. Dried rapeseed straw is cut into 5-7cm sections, and the intact pith is removed using a small stripping tool. Alternatively, the straw can be cut into segments and placed in a grinder to separate the pith fibers. A blower is then used to remove the thin impurities from the outer skin of the pulverized straw. Steroid compounds like β-sitosterol found in grass and cruciferous plant straw are highly attractive to golden apple snails. As a cruciferous plant tissue, rapeseed pith has a composition similar to that of rice straw. Refined screening involves selecting suitable pith core raw materials, mixing the pith core with white sugar at a weight ratio of 20:1, grinding the mixture in a grinder, and then screening it with a 500-mesh sieve to select pith core powder that meets the particle size requirement of 2.85-3.67mm. This ensures that the subsequent molded particles are uniform in size and that the pith core has a sponge-like porous structure (porosity of up to 60%-70%), which can be loaded with snail-killing drugs through immersion or adsorption. Molding granulation involves shaping the core material into spherical particles with a diameter of 3mm. The drug is slowly released as the core degrades, extending the duration of action (lasting 7-10 days). Compared to direct pesticide spraying, this reduces the amount of drug used and the risk of loss. The selected core powder is added with an appropriate amount of adhesive, preferably edible colloid or natural plant gum, in a weight ratio of 35.5:1.85. The core powder and adhesive are thoroughly stirred and extruded into strips using an extruder and spheronizer. The mixture is then cut into spherical particles with a diameter of 3mm. Precise control of machine parameters ensures consistent particle size. Dry storage involves dehydrating the spherical pellets. The pellets are spread flat on a baking tray and placed in a drying oven at 40-50°C until the moisture content is below 8% to prevent mold and deterioration. After drying, the pellets are cooled to room temperature, weighed, and packaged. Each package weighs 180-185g and is vacuum-packed in waterproof paper. The pellets are stored in a cool, dry place at 5-8.5°C. The traps are deployed before the golden apple snail's breeding season (April-June), allowing for the 15-20-day trapping period before the pith rots to concentrate on trapping and killing adult snails and egg masses, thus reducing the population base.

[0023] After the rapeseed planting season ends, the remaining pith is returned to the field, which not only kills the golden apple snails but also increases soil organic matter, achieving the dual benefits of "prevention and control - fertilizing the field".

[0024] The duckweed dry powder thickening treatment refers to applying a duckweed dry powder coating with a thickness of 1 mm to the granules to obtain inner spherical granules. Step S2, the duckweed dry powder thickening treatment includes the following stages: duckweed dry powder preparation, internal binder preparation, granule pretreatment, duckweed dry powder coating, and primary curing: Duckweed powder preparation involves processing duckweed to obtain dry duckweed powder. First, fresh duckweed is collected, impurities and attached aquatic organisms removed, and rinsed with running water for 1-3 hours until no visible impurities remain. Next, the washed duckweed is spread flat on a clean tray and placed in a drying machine, where it is dried at 50-60°C for 3.5-5 hours until completely dehydrated. The mixture is then mixed with salt in a weight ratio of 30:2.5. This mixture is then ground into a fine powder using a grinder. Finally, it is sieved through an 800-mesh sieve to remove larger particles, resulting in a uniform, dry duckweed powder for later use.

[0025] Using duckweed powder can achieve: When dried, duckweed powder absorbs moisture from the air, maintains the moisture content of the pith, and delays decay; When wet, the duckweed powder swells to form a gelatinous matrix that slows down the decomposition of the pith fibers, extending the baiting period from 7-10 days to 12-15 days.

[0026] The internal binder is prepared to help the spherical particles adhere to the duckweed powder. A suitable natural binder is selected, preferably starch glue or sodium alginate solution, and mixed in a ratio of 1:5 starch to water or 1:10 sodium alginate to water. During this process, the binder is added while stirring to ensure full dissolution, resulting in an internal binder with the appropriate viscosity for subsequent even adhesion to the surface of the spherical particles. Particle pretreatment involves powder coating the spherical particles. 3mm spherical particles of rapeseed straw pith are placed in a clean glass container. A 0.15-0.26mm thick adhesive solution is evenly coated on the surface of the spherical particles by spraying or soaking them. This provides a medium for the duckweed powder to adhere to. Vibration and gentle stirring are used to prevent the particles from sticking to each other. Rapeseed pith contains plant polysaccharides and steroids, while duckweed powder contains amino acids, fatty acids, and chlorophyll degradation products. The combined odor and nutritional signals of the two create a composite attractant system that is closer to the natural food source of the golden apple snail. Applying duckweed powder involves coating the spherical particles with the powder. Prepare a 50L aluminum alloy container, pour the pretreated spherical particles into it, and add a sufficient amount of duckweed powder. Duckweed powder has a large surface area of ​​approximately 200 m² / g and contains a large amount of cellulose microfibrils and pectin. This allows for the absorption of snailicides through hydrogen bonding, increasing the drug loading per unit area of ​​the pith from 15-20 mg / g to 30-40 mg / g. Rotate the aluminum alloy container horizontally at 120-155 rpm, or gently stir with a stirring tool, causing the spherical particles to tumble in the duckweed powder, ensuring that the powder adheres evenly to the particle surface. Continue this process for 5-8 hours until a coating of duckweed powder approximately 1 mm thick forms on the particle surface.

[0027] In view of the fact that golden apple snails like humidity, they are mainly deployed in hidden places such as the water inlets of rice and shrimp fields and cracks in the ridges, or made into "bait sticks" and inserted into shallow water areas, which makes operation easy.

[0028] Primary curing involves dehydrating the granules coated with duckweed powder. The granules are then spread flat on a drying rack or baking tray and left to dry naturally in a well-ventilated environment, or placed in a drying oven at 40-50°C for 2-3 hours to solidify the internal adhesive and ensure the duckweed powder adheres firmly to the granule surface. After drying, the granules are collected, packaged, and stored to prevent moisture from affecting the coating. Duckweed grows in water for a long time, and its powder contains hydrolysis-resistant polysaccharides. When applied to the pith, it forms a hydrophobic protective layer. Under continuous rainfall, the pith's structural retention rate increases from 50% to 80%, preventing the attractant from softening due to soaking.

[0029] The thickening treatment of the micrantha ethanol dry powder refers to the use of a spraying process on the outer layer of the inner ball particles so that the micrantha ethanol dry powder is tightly and evenly covered on the surface of the duckweed dry powder coating. The thickness of the outer micrantha ethanol dry powder coating accounts for 30-40% of the total thickness of the composite particles. Step S3, the thickening treatment of the micrantha ethanol dry powder includes the following stages: mixed dry powder preparation, external binder preparation, particle deep treatment, mixed dry powder coating, and secondary curing: Preparation of the mixed dry powder involves mixing Mikania micrantha with ethanol. Mikania lactone damages the epithelial cells of the digestive tract of the golden apple snail and inhibits digestive enzyme activity, resulting in a 60% decrease in amylase and lipase activity. Quercetin interferes with neurotransmitter transmission, resulting in decreased motility and an 85% inhibition of feeding behavior. Collect an appropriate amount of Mikania micrantha and rinse under running water for 2.8-3.5 hours to remove impurities. Then air dry or oven dry at 40-50°C. The dried Mikania micrantha powder was crushed into powder and placed in a sealed container. The powder was then mixed with ethanol at a weight ratio of 18.46:2.63. As an organic solvent, ethanol has an extraction efficiency of fat-soluble allelopathic substances that is more than 3 times higher than that of water, increasing the concentration of active ingredients in the Mikania dry powder from 2-3% (extracted with water) to 6-8%. The ethanol dry powder forms tiny droplets upon contact with water, slowly releasing the dissolved active ingredients. When contacted with the golden apple snail, the ethanol powder directly penetrates the epidermis, accelerating the action rate by 50% compared to solid powder. The following data and information were obtained through comparative experiments:

[0030] It can be seen that: 1) The concentrations in Groups D (6.75%) and E (5.63%) were significantly higher than the 2-3% of the water extraction, with Group D closest to the target range of 6-8%. Group A (1.52%) was lower than the water extraction concentration, possibly indicating it was the control group or the treatment was ineffective. Group B (2.8%) remained within the water extraction range. 2) The release rate increased with increasing concentration (A / E group < B group < C group < D group), with group D having the fastest release rate (8.95 m2 / h) and groups A and E having very low release rates (<0.05 m2 / h). A high release rate may accelerate the effect of the active ingredient, but too rapid a release may shorten the effective duration. 3) Concentration was negatively correlated with the survival rate of the golden apple snails: the survival rate of group D (concentration 6.75%) was only 1.25%, indicating a significant inhibitory effect; the survival rates of groups A and E exceeded 93%, showing almost no inhibitory effect; the survival rates of groups B and C gradually decreased with increasing concentration, indicating that the concentration of the active ingredient is the key factor affecting the survival of the golden apple snails; 4) The survival rates of groups B and C gradually decreased with increasing concentration, indicating that the concentration of active ingredients is the key factor affecting the survival of golden apple snails.

[0031] Therefore, we can conclude that: To address the problem of rapid release in Group D, we can try adding sustained-release carriers (such as porous materials, polymer coatings) to delay the release while maintaining high concentrations. Compared with the reasons for the low release rate in Group E (such as crystallization of ingredients and dense particle structure), we can optimize the crushing or extraction process to improve the release efficiency.

[0032] In addition, the sustained effect of Group D in the actual environment was tested, and the impact on non-target organisms was evaluated to ensure ecological safety.

[0033] Soak for 24 hours to allow the active ingredients to fully dissolve. Then remove the ethanol through a vacuum distillation process. The specific operation is as follows: Pour the ethanol extract into the distillation flask through the funnel to avoid splashing the liquid onto the wall of the flask; First turn on the vacuum pump, wait until the system vacuum reaches 90kPa, then turn on the water bath heating to prevent the liquid from boiling out when the vacuum is not drawn; Adjust the heating temperature according to the vacuum degree. When the vacuum degree is 90kPa, the boiling point of ethanol is about 45℃. The water bath temperature is set to 50-60℃, leaving a temperature difference of 5-10℃ to ensure distillation efficiency. Turn on the magnetic stirrer, slowly increase the temperature, and observe the liquid in the distillation flask. When continuous bubbles appear, start recording the distillate outflow time. The ethanol vapor is condensed into liquid and flows into the receiving flask; The boiling point range of the ethanol fraction is relatively narrow, about 40-55°C under reduced pressure. Continue to collect until about 10-20 mL of liquid remains in the distillation flask to avoid evaporation to dryness and carbonization of the extract; First turn off the water bath heating, keep the vacuum pump running, and let the liquid in the distillation flask cool to room temperature; Open the vacuum cock slowly and release the pressure in stages, that is, open it slightly first, and then fully open it after the system pressure is balanced with the atmospheric pressure to avoid rapid influx of air and splashing of liquid; Turn off the vacuum pump and dismantle the device. The receiving bottle contains the recovered ethanol, and the residual liquid in the distillation bottle is the concentrated micrantha extract.

[0034] The remaining material was ground into fine dry powder again, and a 900-mesh sieve was used to sieve out the uniform powder for later use.

[0035] The ethanol residue in the dry powder can act as a cosolvent to maintain the dissolved state of the active ingredient in the pores of the pith; the hydrophilic groups of the pith form hydrogen bonds with the polar components in the dry powder, extending the drug release period from 12-15 days of duckweed dry powder to 15-20 days.

[0036] The external binder preparation refers to the preparation of an external binder to assist in bonding the spherical particles to the mixed powder. An adhesive that is compatible with the ethanol component and has good adhesion is selected, preferably sodium carboxymethyl cellulose. Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and water are mixed in a weight ratio of 1:8 and slowly added while stirring for 30 minutes until completely dissolved. This creates an external binder with the appropriate viscosity to ensure it effectively bonds the Mikania micrantha ethanol powder to the particle surface. During the ethanol drying process, a nano-scale crystalline layer forms on the surface of the Mikania micrantha powder, mechanically interlocking with the porous structure of the pith, increasing the unit area loading from 30-40 mg / g of duckweed powder to 50-60 mg / g. Deep particle treatment refers to the pre-powdering treatment of spherical particles. The spherical particles coated with duckweed powder are placed in a glass container. The prepared adhesive solution is evenly sprayed on the surface of the particles by spraying to form a wet layer with a thickness of 0.12-0.18mm on the surface of the particles, creating conditions for the adhesion of the ethanol powder of the medicinal herb Mikania micrantha. The glass container is gently shaken by an ultrasonic instrument to prevent the particles from being excessively wet and causing adhesion. Applying the mixed powder involves applying the mixed powder to the spherical particles. The treated spherical particles are then poured into a rotating drum along with a sufficient amount of Mikania micrantha ethanol powder. The drum is then rotated at 350-400 rpm, causing the particles to continuously roll. During this process, the Mikania micrantha ethanol powder gradually adheres to the particle surface. The coating thickness is continuously checked and replenished as needed until a uniform 1mm thick coating is formed. The volatile components (such as terpenes) in the ethanol powder diffuse through the air up to 2-3 meters, increasing the attraction radius by 50% compared to duckweed powder, attracting apple snails from greater distances. Secondary curing involves dehydrating the granules coated with the mixed dry powder. These granules are then spread flat on a perforated tray and placed in a well-ventilated, dry place to dry naturally for 2-3 days, or in a drying oven at 40°C for 12-15 hours. After drying, the granules are inspected for quality, and those with uneven coatings or damage are removed. Acceptable granules are then sealed and stored. Mikania allelopathic substances also inhibit the eggs of golden apple snails, reducing their hatchability by 80%. This can be combined with other biological measures, such as duck-rice farming and the release of natural enemies.

[0037] The molding process refers to the long-term packaging of the outer ball particles to obtain the packaging. Step S4, the molding process includes the following stages: physical shaping treatment, soaking in preservative solution, adding food attractant and flavor enhancer, heat drying and solidification, and vacuum packaging and storage: Physical shaping refers to the shaping of the spherical particles that have been powdered twice. The spherical particles coated with micrantha ethanol powder are placed in a special mold with a mold aperture that matches the diameter of the particles. A hydraulic press is used to apply 5-8MPa pressure to the mold and maintain the pressure for 10-15 minutes. This allows the particles to be fixed in shape under pressure, enhancing structural stability and preventing deformation during subsequent processing. Soaking in a preservative solution involves preserving the spherical particles. Prepare a composite preservative solution by dissolving 0.5% potassium sorbate, 0.3% sodium benzoate, and an appropriate amount of a botanical preservative in water (preferably 0.2% rosemary extract) in a suitable mass ratio, and stir thoroughly. Completely immerse the shaped spherical particles in the preservative solution for 2-3 hours to allow the preservative to fully penetrate the particles, inhibiting microbial growth and extending shelf life. Adding flavoring agents to attractants refers to adding flavor to the spherical particles. Natural food materials that apple snails like to eat are collected, preferably corn and sweet potatoes, dried and crushed, and then mixed with natural spices with special aromas, preferably cloves and cinnamon, in a powdered form at a weight ratio of 7:3. Then, an appropriate amount of amino acid attractants, preferably glycine and alanine, are added to make the apple snail flavoring attractant. The flavoring attractant is evenly sprayed on the surface of the preservative-treated spherical particles, and the particles are turned while spraying to ensure that the flavoring agent is evenly attached. Thermal curing involves drying the spherical particles. The flavored spherical particles are spread flat on a baking tray and placed in a hot air circulation oven set to 60-70°C for 1-2 hours. Heating further solidifies the preservatives, allowing the flavoring agent to penetrate the particles and completing a secondary shaping process, enhancing their hardness and stability. Vacuum packaging storage refers to the packaging of spherical particles. After the spherical particles cool to room temperature, they are sealed and packaged using a vacuum packaging machine to remove air from the packaging bag, reduce the impact of oxygen on the particles, prevent oxidation and deterioration, and microbial contamination. The packaged particles are stored in a cool and dry place for later use.

[0038] On-site application treatment involves trapping and killing Fountain Snails based on the environment. Under conditions of a water temperature of 10-30°C and a pH of 6-8 in rice and shrimp paddies, the trapping particles remain stable and effective for at least 10 days. Step S5, on-site application treatment, includes the following stages: site survey and site selection, determining the release quantity, standardizing release operations, post-release protection, effect monitoring, and re-release: Site survey and site selection refers to choosing a suitable placement location. In rice and shrimp fields, focus on surveying areas near ridges, water inlets, drainage outlets, and weedy corners. For still water ditches, check sections with slow water flow, turbid water, and a lot of silt at the bottom as the main placement points. Mark the selected points with markers, preferably colorful flags or wooden stakes, to ensure accurate placement. The pith retains the fiber skeleton of the straw and can be fixed in the soil after insertion into the rice and shrimp fields (insertion depth 5-10cm) to prevent drifting with the water flow. Its pores provide habitats for benthic organisms in the rice and shrimp fields (such as earthworms and mayfly larvae), maintaining the integrity of the ecological chain, and its biocompatibility is 80% higher than that of plastic carriers. Determining the release rate means choosing the appropriate number of traps to be released, based on the area of ​​the rice-shrimp field and the stagnant water ditch, and the density of the golden apple snails. For areas with a high density of 5-10 golden apple snails per square meter, 3-5 kg ​​of trapping granules per mu should be released in the rice-shrimp field, and 0.5-1 kg of trapping granules should be released every 10 meters in the stagnant water ditch. For areas with a low density of less than 5 snails per square meter, the release rate should be reduced by 20%-30% to avoid waste and ensure effectiveness. Standardized release operations refer to specific release operations carried out in accordance with regulations. In rice-shrimp fields, release should be carried out within 3-7 days after rice transplanting, with the trapping particles evenly scattered in the shallow water layer of the field surface at marked points. In still water ditches, the particles should be placed in small piles on banks, depressions, or near rock crevices where the current is relatively gentle. This ensures that the particles are not easily washed away by the current and are easy for the golden apple snails to feed on. The fibrous structure of the pith resists the impact of the current through an "anchoring effect," reducing the loss rate by 70% compared to direct release of powder. After being deposited on the channel bottom, a biofilm forms on the surface of the pith, increasing the probability of contact with the crawling path of the golden apple snail by three times, and the density of apple snails on the ditch wall accounts for 65%; Post-delivery protection refers to the safety precautions implemented after drug delivery. After delivery, a fine filter with a pore size of less than 1mm is installed at the water inlet of the rice and shrimp fields to prevent external golden apple snails from entering the fields with the water flow. A fence approximately 30cm high is set up around the delivery area in the still water ditch to prevent livestock and poultry from accidentally ingesting the trap particles and to prevent unintentional damage by humans. Some duckweed dry powder has a density close to that of water (0.95-1.0 g / cm³) and can float in the ditch water layer, increasing the probability of contact with golden apple snail juveniles living 5-10cm below the water surface by 60%. The straw pith acts as a submerged carrier, forming a "suspended-sinking" three-dimensional trapping network. Effect monitoring and re-dosing refer to monitoring effectiveness. Three to five days after application, random sampling is conducted across different areas of rice-shrimp fields and still water ditches. Each plot covers 1 square meter in the rice-shrimp fields, and each 10-meter section in the ditches forms a monitoring section. The snail mortality and survival rates are monitored. If a significant number of snails remain, re-dosing is conducted at the original application site and surrounding areas at a rate of 50% of the initial application to continuously control the snail population. The micrantha lactones (6-8%) in micrantha ethanol powder can achieve an effective concentration of 0.5-1.0 mg / L in the aquatic layer of rice-shrimp fields, inhibiting the snail's feeding by 90% within 48 hours. This is over three times more effective than the simple attractant effect of duckweed powder. This product is particularly suitable for emergency control during the tillering stage of rice-shrimp fields (when the snails are feeding aggressively), reducing rice stalk damage to below 10%. The microbial community in the water of rice-shrimp fields can completely degrade the residual ethanol (≤0.5%) in the dry powder within 3-5 days, and the ethanol volatilization process has no significant effect on the respiration of rice roots, which is safer than the methanol extraction process.

[0039] The interval between the primary solidification stage in the thickening process of duckweed dry powder and step S3, and the particle deep processing stage in the thickening process of Mikania micrantha ethanol dry powder, is at least three days to ensure the solidification strength. The following four groups of experiments show that:

[0040] It can be seen that: 1) Group C → Group D: Extending the curing time by 2 days, the curing strength increased by 16.7% (60.58% → 70.68%), and the humidity decreased by 56% (35.28% → 15.31%), with significant benefits per unit time (strength increased by 8.35% per day); Group D → Group E: After an additional 2 days, the intensity only increased by 25.05%, the humidity decreased by 5.1%, and the efficiency per unit time dropped sharply (the daily intensity increased by 12.5%, but it was close to the intensity ceiling), and the time cost increased significantly. 2) The humidity of Group D was 15.31%, which was lower than the safe storage humidity for dry powder (20%), while the humidity of Group C was 35.28%, which was still in a semi-dry state and could lead to the risk of microbial growth or agglomeration.

[0041] If the production cycle is tight, Group C for 3 days (intensity ≥ 60%) is acceptable, but auxiliary drying (such as 40°C hot air) is required to quickly reduce the humidity to below 15% to simulate the effect of Group D; 3) Avoid short intervals between Groups A and B: Insufficient strength may lead to increased particle breakage (measured breakage rates for Group A > 30%, for Group D < 5%). Be cautious when selecting Group E: A 7-day interval may cause degradation of active ingredients (e.g., the loss rate of ethanol extract of Mikania micrantha reached 12%), requiring simultaneous testing of ingredient stability.

[0042] Therefore, the 5-day interval in Group D is the optimal standard, achieving the best balance between cure strength (70.68%), moisture content (15.31%), and production cycle (5 days). In practical applications, this "basic time control + auxiliary process" approach can be flexibly adapted to meet production capacity requirements, but the core indicators of moisture content ≤ 15% and strength ≥ 70% must be maintained to avoid deviation from the optimal range.

[0043] The interval between the secondary curing stage in the thickening treatment of micrantha ethanol dry powder and the physical shaping treatment stage in step S4 is at least five days to ensure that the coatings on both the inner and outer sides are completely cured and formed. The following four groups of experiments show that:

[0044] It can be seen that: 1) Group 2 → Group 3: Extended by 2.5 days, the curing strength increased from 36.28% to 71.63% (an increase of 97.4%), and the humidity decreased from 75.36% to 34.28% (a decrease of 54.5%), with significant benefits per unit time (daily strength increased by 38.96%). Group 3 → Group 4: After an additional 3 days, the strength increased by only 19.52%, the humidity decreased by 19.08%, and the benefit per unit time decreased (the strength increased by 6.5% per day). It may also cause excessive volatilization of ethanol residues (the loss rate of active ingredients increased by 8%). 2) Although the humidity of Group 3 (34.28%) was higher than that of Group D (15.31%), it was still within the reasonable range for the secondary curing stage (the coating needs to maintain a humidity of 10%-40% to avoid cracking during curing). However, the humidity of Group 2 (75.36%) exceeded the critical value (bubbles are likely to form in the coating when the humidity is >50%). 3) Strictly adhere to a 5-day interval, combined with 45°C hot air circulation (twice a day), to quickly reduce humidity to below 30% and simultaneously increase strength to 75%+. If time is tight, a "two-group 2.5-day + UV curing (8 hours)" combination can be used to increase strength to 60%, but additional testing of coating uniformity is required (UV exposure may cause surface-internal curing differences >10%). 4) Avoid short intervals between the first and second groups: Insufficient curing may cause the coating to peel off (the measured peeling rate of the first group is >40%, and the third group is <3%); 8 days may cause dry powder to agglomerate (the agglomeration rate reaches 12%). It is recommended to turn the material every 3 days to keep it loose.

[0045] Therefore, three sets of 5-day intervals represent the optimal time standard for secondary curing and physical setting, achieving a golden balance between cure strength (71.63%), humidity control (34.28%), and production cycle (5 days). In practical applications, this can be flexibly adjusted through "basic time control + auxiliary curing technology," but it is necessary to ensure that the strength is ≥70% and the humidity is ≤35% to avoid coating failure due to insufficient time or component deterioration due to excessive time.

[0046] In the land application treatment, the site selection is to select the still water area, the water depth of the still water area is 0.5-2.2m, to avoid excessive sinking of the drug due to water depth, rice and shrimp fields are preferred. When the water depth of the rice and shrimp fields exceeds 1.5m, the dilution effect of the water body on the trapping particles is enhanced. The release amount is calculated by increasing the particle release amount by 20% of the original release amount for every 0.5m increase in water depth to ensure the trapping effect, so as to maintain the concentration of effective active ingredients in the water layer within the range of 0.5-1.0mg / L.

[0047] It should be noted that the specific models and specifications of the crusher, blower, spheronizer, magnetic stirrer, ultrasonic instrument, rotary drum, drying box, hydraulic press, hot air circulation oven, and vacuum packaging machine need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it is not repeated here.

[0048] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient method for trapping and killing golden apple snails, characterized in that: Described trapping method comprises the following steps: Step S1, pre-processing of the medicine pellets, wherein the pre-processing of the medicine pellets refers to the preparation of the medicine pellets for storing the trapping drug; Step S2, thickening the duckweed dry powder, wherein the duckweed dry powder thickening treatment refers to applying a duckweed dry powder coating with a thickness of 1 mm to the granules to obtain inner spherical granules; Step S3, thickening treatment of the micrantha ethanol dry powder, wherein the thickening treatment of the micrantha ethanol dry powder refers to spraying the outer layer of the inner spherical particles so that the micrantha ethanol dry powder is tightly and evenly covered on the surface of the duckweed dry powder coating, and the thickness of the outer micrantha ethanol dry powder coating accounts for 30-40% of the total thickness of the composite particles; Step S4, forming process, wherein the forming process refers to long-term packaging of the outer ball particles to obtain packaging; Step S5, on-site application treatment; the on-site application treatment refers to trapping and killing the Fountain Snail according to the environment. Under the conditions of water temperature 10-30°C and pH value 6-8 of rice and shrimp field water, the trapping particles can remain stable and the effective action time is not less than 10 days.

2. The method for efficiently trapping and killing golden apple snails according to claim 1, wherein: Said step S1, the pretreatment of the medicine particles comprises the following stages: Raw material collection and pretreatment, said raw material collection and pretreatment refers to the selection of rape straw; Pith separation and extraction, wherein the pith separation and extraction refers to extracting the pith from rape straw; Refined screening, wherein the refined screening refers to screening suitable core raw materials; Molding granulation refers to making the core raw material into spherical particles with a diameter of 3 mm; Dry storage refers to the dehydration storage of spherical particles.

3. The efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S2, thickening the duckweed powder, includes the following stages: Preparation of duckweed dry powder, wherein the preparation of duckweed dry powder refers to processing duckweed to obtain duckweed dry powder; The internal adhesive is prepared to obtain an internal adhesive that helps the spherical particles to adhere to the duckweed powder; Particle pretreatment, which refers to the pre-treatment of spherical particles before coating with powder; Applying duckweed dry powder, wherein applying duckweed dry powder refers to applying duckweed dry powder to the spherical particles; The primary solidification refers to dehydrating the spherical particles coated with the duckweed powder.

4. The efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S3, thickening treatment of Mikania micrantha ethanol dry powder, includes the following stages: Preparation of mixed dry powder, wherein the mixed dry powder preparation refers to mixing Mikania micrantha and ethanol to prepare the mixed dry powder; External binder preparation, the external binder preparation refers to the preparation of an external binder to obtain a mixed dry powder that assists in binding the spherical particles; Particle deep processing, said particle deep processing refers to the pre-treatment of spherical particles by powder coating; Applying mixed dry powder, wherein applying mixed dry powder refers to applying mixed dry powder to spherical particles; Secondary curing refers to dehydrating the spherical particles coated with the mixed dry powder.

5. The efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4, the molding process includes the following stages: Physical shaping treatment, wherein the physical shaping treatment refers to shaping the spherical particles that have been powder coated twice; Soaking in an antiseptic solution, wherein the soaking in the antiseptic solution refers to performing an antiseptic treatment on the spherical particles; Adding a flavoring agent to attract food, wherein the flavoring agent is added to the spherical particles to enhance the flavor; Heat-baking and solidifying, wherein the heat-baking and solidifying refers to drying the spherical particles; Vacuum packaging storage refers to packaging the spherical particles.

6. The efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the land application processing includes the following stages: Site survey and site selection, which refers to choosing a suitable placement location; Determining the delivery amount, wherein determining the delivery amount refers to selecting an appropriate delivery amount; Standardized delivery operations, which refer to specific delivery operations in accordance with regulations; Post-administration protection refers to the safety protection after the drug is administered; Effect monitoring and supplementary investment, said effect monitoring and supplementary investment refer to effect monitoring.

7. The efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails according to claim 4, characterized in that: The time interval between step S2, the primary solidification stage in the thickening treatment of duckweed dry powder, and step S3, the particle deep processing stage in the thickening treatment of micrantha ethanol dry powder, is at least three days.

8. The efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails according to claim 5, characterized in that: The time interval between the secondary solidification stage in the thickening treatment of the micrantha ethanol dry powder in step S3 and the physical shaping treatment stage in step S4 is at least five days.

9. The efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, during the land application process, the site is surveyed and a still water area is selected, preferably a rice and shrimp field.

10. The efficient trapping and killing method for golden apple snails according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S5, the water depth in the still water area during the on-site application treatment is 0.5-2.2 m. When the water depth in the rice and shrimp fields exceeds 1.5 m, the dilution effect of the water body on the trapping particles is enhanced. The amount of particles released is calculated by increasing the amount by 20% of the original amount for every 0.5 m increase in water depth to ensure the trapping effect and maintain the concentration of the effective active ingredient in the water layer within the range of 0.5-1.0 mg / L.

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