Rice huller air cylinder system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a rice huller air cylinder system and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of air cylinder control systems. The data collection module is used for monitoring and obtaining working diameter change data of rubber rollers, a rotating center distance between rotating center points of the two rubber rollers, piston position data and air pressure data which are located on the two sides of a piston and used for pushing the piston to move, and pilot run data are obtained based on pilot run of the rice huller; and a data processing unit, an execution unit and a micro-withdrawal protection unit are arranged in the piston control module. The optimal pressure range is established through the trial operation data, the pressure applying trend during piston displacement is calculated in real time through the predicted acting force expression, and the air pressure on the two sides of the piston is dynamically adjusted in combination with the pressure stabilizing mode and the adjusting mode, so that the rubber roller gap is always stabilized within the optimal distance range; meanwhile, the force applied to the rice by the piston can be within the optimal pressure range, and the problem of unshelling instability caused by dynamic fluctuation of the diameter of the rubber roller is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cylinder control systems, and in particular to a rice huller cylinder system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The rice huller mainly relies on mechanical or simple pneumatic methods to control the gap and pressure of a pair of rubber rollers to squeeze, rub and tear the rice, thereby removing the husk.

[0003] For example, the patent publication number is "CN120083737A", and its name is "Automated Cylinder Clamping System and Method". The above system includes: a map drawing module for drawing up a three-dimensional clamping force distribution map; a risk prediction module for synchronously predicting the deformation offset risk value during the clamping process; a model calculation module for generating a dynamic attenuation coefficient; and a cylinder adjustment module for dynamically adjusting the multi-stage buffer valve opening and servo boost rate of the automated cylinder group through an adaptive control strategy until the clamping force error stabilizes within a preset threshold. The above patent solves the technical problems of unstable clamping force and low workpiece clamping accuracy caused by environmental interference and system errors during the automated cylinder clamping process, and achieves the technical effect of improving clamping force stability, reducing deformation risk, and improving clamping accuracy through dynamic compensation and adaptive adjustment.

[0004] When the above patent applies force to an object, in a continuous working state, not only deformation will occur, but also the wear of the clamp will occur. The wear of the clamp will cause the movement of the contact surface between the clamp and the workpiece to deviate from the ideal position when clamping the workpiece, resulting in instability in the clamping of the workpiece. Similarly, the rubber roller will continue to wear due to friction (causing a decrease in diameter), and will also undergo thermal expansion due to heat generated by high-speed rotation (causing an increase in diameter). These two effects are in opposite directions but exist at the same time and change dynamically, making it difficult to maintain a constant actual working gap between the rubber rollers (i.e., the shelling gap). The reduction in the working gap will also affect the force applied by the rubber roller to the rice, affecting the use of the rice huller. For this reason, a rice huller cylinder system and a control method thereof have been invented. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a rice huller cylinder system and a control method thereof to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a rice huller cylinder system, the cylinder system comprising:

[0007] Data collection module: monitors and obtains data on the change in the working diameter of the rubber roller, the center distance between the rotation centers of the two rubber rollers, the piston position data, and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston used to push the piston to move. Based on the trial operation of the rice huller, the trial operation data is obtained;

[0008] Piston control module: internally equipped with a data processing unit, an execution unit and a micro-retraction protection unit;

[0009] Data processing unit: processes the test run data through data analysis to obtain the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between hulling rate and broken rice rate, and obtains the gap data between the two rubber rollers during the hulling process;

[0010] Obtaining air pressure action surface data on both sides of the piston, and establishing an expression for the force acting on the piston based on the air pressure action surface data and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston;

[0011] Establish a prediction force expression with piston displacement as input variable;

[0012] Based on the predicted force expression and the actual force expression, a positioning expression set for adjusting the air pressure is established;

[0013] Execution unit: set with voltage stabilization mode and adjustment mode;

[0014] Pressure stabilization mode: Based on the diameter change data and the rotation center distance of the rubber roller, the piston displacement and the gap data between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers are calculated. The air pressure data is input into the force expression to obtain the force. It is judged whether the force is within the optimal pressure range. If it is within the optimal pressure range, no operation is performed. If it is not within the optimal pressure range, the adjustment mode is triggered.

[0015] Adjustment mode: adjust the air pressure on both sides of the piston and control the piston movement through the positioning expression set;

[0016] Micro-retraction protection unit: Based on the threshold algorithm and combined with the optimal pressure range and the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston, the applied pressure threshold and the allowable air pressure threshold are calculated respectively. When the force obtained by the force expression exceeds the applied pressure threshold or the air pressure inside the cylinder is greater than the allowable air pressure threshold, the micro-retraction protection unit is activated.

[0017] Furthermore, the force expression on the piston includes:

[0018] ;

[0019] in, Indicates the initial air pressure No. 1 on the piston side, Indicates the initial air pressure of No. 2 on the other side of the piston, yes The effective area of ​​the piston on one side, yes The effective area of ​​the piston on one side, The structure connected to the piston and the force exerted by the piston body on the piston, is the force on the piston;

[0020] described Including the friction between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder , establish the force acting on the piston and The second association includes , Represents friction and The correlation equation between .

[0021] Furthermore, the predicted force expression includes:

[0022] ;

[0023] in is the piston displacement, is the predicted air pressure on one side of the piston after the predicted movement of the piston, is the initial position of the piston relative to the air pressure on one side, is the relative position of the piston after the predicted movement, is the predicted pressure No. 2 on the other side of the piston after the predicted movement of the piston, is the position of the piston relative to the air pressure on the other side, is the position of the piston relative to the air pressure on the other side after the piston moves, It is the structure that connects with the piston after the piston displacement is input and the force exerted by the piston body on the piston, wherein , , is the gas behavior index.

[0024] Furthermore, the positioning expression set includes:

[0025] Create expression one ;

[0026] Expression 2 ;

[0027] Subtract expression 1 from expression 2 to get expression 3 ;

[0028] in , is the friction force No. 1 in Expression 1, is the friction force No. 2 in Expression 2, and The specific value of is obtained by combining the number 2 and the expression 1 and expression 2. is the initial pressure value of No. 1 after the movement. The initial pressure of No. 2 is the pressure value of No. 2 after moving, based on Establish and The third association is used for adjustments between them.

[0029] Furthermore, the optimal pressure range is established and , , Indicates the forces acting on both sides of the piston in the working state;

[0030] The threshold algorithm includes:

[0031] Obtain the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston and establish a safety factor σ, with a value range of σ being 0.9-0.8. Multiply σ by the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston to obtain the allowable air pressure threshold.

[0032] Obtain the maximum value N of the optimal pressure range and use N as the pressure threshold.

[0033] Furthermore, the trial operation data includes fluctuation data during the operation of the piston, change data of the air pressure on both sides of the piston during the movement of the piston, piston position data, hulling rate and broken rice rate, and a one-to-one correspondence is established between the change data of the air pressure on both sides of the piston, the piston position data, the hulling rate and the broken rice rate based on the time axis.

[0034] Furthermore, the micro-backoff protection unit includes a pressure relief mode and a backoff mode;

[0035] The pressure relief mode includes using a positioning expression set for achieving a fixed piston position but reduced gas pressure, the positioning expression set including:

[0036] in accordance with ;

[0037] ;

[0038] get ;

[0039] Combined with the optimal pressure range and Restrictions based on and Get the pressure relief on both sides of the piston, is the modification amount of the initial air pressure of No. 1, is the modification amount to the initial air pressure of No. 2;

[0040] The fallback mode includes:

[0041] Based on a set of positioning expressions , , In order to adjust the piston displacement value so that the gap between the outer wall of the rubber roller is within the optimal spacing range, and As output, and Modify the air pressure value and adjust it according to the optimal pressure range. and To restrict, adjust mode and fallback mode, the operations are the same.

[0042] A rice huller cylinder control method adopts the above-mentioned rice huller cylinder system, characterized in that the control method includes:

[0043] Monitor and obtain data on the change in the working diameter of the rubber roller, the distance between the rotational centers of the two rubber rollers, the position of the piston, and the air pressure on both sides of the piston used to push the piston to move, and obtain trial operation data based on the trial operation of the rice huller;

[0044] The test run data was processed through data analysis to obtain the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between hulling rate and broken rice rate, and the gap data between the two rubber rollers during the hulling process was obtained;

[0045] Obtaining air pressure action surface data on both sides of the piston, and establishing an expression for the force acting on the piston based on the air pressure action surface data and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston;

[0046] Establish a prediction force expression with piston displacement as input variable;

[0047] Based on the predicted force expression and the actual force expression, a positioning expression set is established to adjust the gas pressure while keeping the piston position unchanged.

[0048] Because the predicted force is not within the optimal pressure range, the air pressure on both sides of the piston is adjusted through the cylinder. After the adjustment, the predicted force calculated based on the predicted force expression meets the optimal pressure range.

[0049] The applied pressure threshold and the allowable air pressure threshold are calculated based on the threshold algorithm and combined with the optimal pressure range and the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston. When the force obtained in the force expression exceeds the applied pressure threshold or the air pressure inside the cylinder is greater than the allowable air pressure threshold, the micro-retraction protection method is enabled.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] The rice huller cylinder system and its control method solve the problem of nonlinear diameter change of the rubber roller due to wear and thermal expansion through dynamic air pressure prediction and feedback control. The system establishes the optimal pressure range (M, N) based on the test operation data and uses the predicted force expression The pressure trend during piston displacement is calculated in real time, and the air pressure on both sides of the piston is dynamically adjusted in combination with the pressure stabilization mode and the adjustment mode, so that the gap between the rubber rollers is always stable within the optimal spacing range. At the same time, the force applied by the piston on the rice can be within the optimal pressure range, solving the problem of unstable shelling caused by dynamic fluctuations in the rubber roller diameter.

[0052] The overload risk is predicted through a threshold algorithm, and the air pressure on both sides of the piston is monitored in real time. The air pressure on both sides of the piston is kept within the allowable air pressure threshold to ensure protection of the cylinder structure. When any threshold is exceeded, the pressure relief mode (fixing the piston position and reducing the pressure) or the retraction mode (controlling the piston displacement and reducing the pressure) is automatically triggered to avoid deformation or rupture of the rubber roller due to over-extrusion, thereby ensuring the service life of the rubber roller.

[0053] Based on the comparison between predicted and actual forces, a positioning expression set is established. In the pressure stabilization mode, the displacement is obtained according to the diameter change data, and the predicted force is obtained by inputting the predicted expression. If the predicted value deviates from the optimal range, the system automatically triggers the adjustment mode to make millisecond-level precise adjustments to the air pressure on both sides to keep the gap between the rubber rollers within the optimal spacing range. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of adjusting the piston position and the air pressure on both sides of the piston according to the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2 A graph of the set of positioning expressions for the present invention;

[0056] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] like Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a rice huller cylinder system, the cylinder system comprising:

[0059] Data collection module: monitors and obtains data on the change in the working diameter of the rubber roller, the center distance between the rotation centers of the two rubber rollers, the piston position data, and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston used to push the piston to move. Based on the trial operation of the rice huller, the trial operation data is obtained;

[0060] Piston control module: internally equipped with a data processing unit, an execution unit and a micro-retraction protection unit;

[0061] Data processing unit: processes the test run data through data analysis to obtain the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between hulling rate and broken rice rate, and obtains the gap data between the two rubber rollers during the hulling process;

[0062] Obtaining air pressure action surface data on both sides of the piston, and establishing an expression for the force acting on the piston based on the air pressure action surface data and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston;

[0063] Establish a prediction force expression with piston displacement as input variable;

[0064] Based on the predicted force expression and the actual force expression, a positioning expression set for adjusting the air pressure is established;

[0065] Execution unit: set with voltage stabilization mode and adjustment mode;

[0066] Pressure stabilization mode: Based on the diameter change data and the rotation center distance of the rubber roller, the piston displacement and the gap data between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers are calculated. The air pressure data is input into the force expression to obtain the force. It is judged whether the force is within the optimal pressure range. If it is within the optimal pressure range, no operation is performed. If it is not within the optimal pressure range, the adjustment mode is triggered.

[0067] Adjustment mode: adjust the air pressure on both sides of the piston and control the piston movement through the positioning expression set;

[0068] Micro-retraction protection unit: Based on the threshold algorithm and combined with the optimal pressure range and the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston, the applied pressure threshold and the allowable air pressure threshold are calculated respectively. When the force obtained by the force expression exceeds the applied pressure threshold or the air pressure inside the cylinder is greater than the allowable air pressure threshold, the micro-retraction protection unit is activated.

[0069] The force expressions on the piston include:

[0070] ;

[0071] in, Indicates the initial air pressure No. 1 on the piston side, Indicates the initial air pressure of No. 2 on the other side of the piston, yes The effective area of ​​the piston on one side, yes The effective area of ​​the piston on one side, The structure connected to the piston and the force exerted by the piston body on the piston, is the force on the piston;

[0072] Including the friction between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder , establish the force acting on the piston and The second association includes , Represents friction and The correlation equation between .

[0073] The predicted force expressions include:

[0074] ;

[0075] in is the piston displacement, is the predicted air pressure on one side of the piston after the predicted movement of the piston, is the initial position of the piston relative to the air pressure on one side, is the relative position of the piston after the predicted movement, is the predicted pressure No. 2 on the other side of the piston after the predicted movement of the piston, is the position of the piston relative to the air pressure on the other side, is the position of the piston relative to the air pressure on the other side after the piston moves, It is the structure that connects with the piston after the piston displacement is input and the force exerted by the piston body on the piston, wherein , , is the gas behavior index.

[0076] The set of positioning expressions includes;

[0077] Create expression one ;

[0078] Expression 2 ;

[0079] Subtract expression 1 from expression 2 to get expression 3 ;

[0080] in , is the friction force No. 1 in Expression 1, is the friction force No. 2 in Expression 2, and The specific value of is obtained by combining the number 2 and the expression 1 and expression 2. is the initial pressure value of No. 1 after the movement. The initial pressure of No. 2 is the pressure value of No. 2 after moving, based on Establish and The third association is used for adjustments between them.

[0081] Establishing the optimal pressure range and , , Indicates the forces acting on both sides of the piston in the working state;

[0082] Thresholding algorithms include:

[0083] Obtain the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston and establish a safety factor σ, with a value range of σ being 0.9-0.8. Multiply σ by the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston to obtain the allowable air pressure threshold.

[0084] Obtain the maximum value N of the optimal pressure range and use N as the pressure threshold.

[0085] The trial operation data includes the fluctuation data during the operation of the piston, the change data of the air pressure on both sides of the piston during the movement of the piston, the piston position data, the hulling rate and the broken rice rate. A one-to-one correspondence is established between the change data of the air pressure on both sides of the piston, the piston position data, the hulling rate and the broken rice rate based on the time axis.

[0086] The micro-recession protection unit includes pressure relief mode and fallback mode;

[0087] Pressure relief mode involves using a set of positioning expressions that achieve a fixed piston position but reduced gas pressure. The positioning expression set includes:

[0088] in accordance with ;

[0089] ;

[0090] get ;

[0091] Combined with the optimal pressure range and Restrictions based on and Get the pressure relief on both sides of the piston, is the modification amount of the initial air pressure of No. 1, is the modification amount to the initial air pressure of No. 2;

[0092] Fallback modes include:

[0093] Based on a set of positioning expressions , , In order to adjust the piston displacement value so that the gap between the outer wall of the rubber roller is within the optimal spacing range, and As output, and Modify the air pressure value and adjust it according to the optimal pressure range. and To restrict, adjust mode and fallback mode, the operations are the same.

[0094] A rice huller cylinder control method adopts the above-mentioned rice huller cylinder system, characterized in that the control method includes:

[0095] Monitor and obtain data on the change in the working diameter of the rubber roller, the distance between the rotational centers of the two rubber rollers, the position of the piston, and the air pressure on both sides of the piston used to push the piston to move, and obtain trial operation data based on the trial operation of the rice huller;

[0096] The test run data was processed through data analysis to obtain the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between hulling rate and broken rice rate, and the gap data between the two rubber rollers during the hulling process was obtained;

[0097] Obtaining air pressure action surface data on both sides of the piston, and establishing an expression for the force acting on the piston based on the air pressure action surface data and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston;

[0098] Establish a prediction force expression with piston displacement as input variable;

[0099] Based on the predicted force expression and the actual force expression, a positioning expression set is established to adjust the gas pressure while keeping the piston position unchanged.

[0100] Because the predicted force is not within the optimal pressure range, the air pressure on both sides of the piston is adjusted through the cylinder. After the adjustment, the predicted force calculated based on the predicted force expression meets the optimal pressure range.

[0101] The applied pressure threshold and the allowable air pressure threshold are calculated based on the threshold algorithm and combined with the optimal pressure range and the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston. When the force obtained in the force expression exceeds the applied pressure threshold or the air pressure inside the cylinder is greater than the allowable air pressure threshold, the micro-retraction protection method is enabled.

[0102] The rice huller's cylinder system uses a constant pressure system. Therefore, when adjusting the piston pressure, the air pressure on both sides of the piston is maintained stable. A constant pressure system is a device that maintains constant internal pressure through a closed-loop feedback control mechanism. Its core feature is pressure stability. By continuously adjusting the flow rate or energy input, it offsets the effects of external load changes and ensures that the output pressure always approaches the set value. It regulates and maintains constant pressure within the cylinder through pressure reducing valves, pressure gauges, and automatic control devices (such as PLCs), ensuring the stability and efficiency of the hulling process. A PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) is a digital computing and operating electronic system designed specifically for industrial environments. It uses programmable memory to execute instructions such as logical operations, sequential control, timing, counting, and arithmetic operations to achieve automated control of machinery or production processes. The rice huller includes a cylinder device with an internal cylinder. The cylinder is slidably connected to a piston used to move the rubber rollers and thereby control the distance between the two rollers. Air control components are located on both sides of the cylinder to control the air pressure on both sides of the piston to move the piston.

[0103] The micro-retreat protection method uses the pressure relief mode and retraction mode in the micro-retreat protection unit to protect the cylinder and the rubber roller. A connecting structure is provided between the piston and the rubber roller, and the synchronous movement between the rubber roller and the piston can be achieved through the connecting structure. At the same time, a fixed rubber roller and a movable rubber roller are provided on the rice hulling machine. The rubber roller connected to the connecting structure is a movable rubber roller. The gap between the two rubber rollers is adjusted by the movement of the piston. At the same time, during the shelling process, the diameter of the rubber roller changes due to wear and thermal expansion. The continuous friction between the two rubber rollers and the rice husks causes the surface material of the rubber roller to gradually lose, causing its diameter to continue to decrease. The two rubber rollers generate a lot of heat during high-speed rotation and friction, causing the rubber roller material to expand due to heat, causing its diameter to increase. The above two diameter changes are coupled with each other, so that the actual working diameter of the rubber roller becomes A nonlinear and unpredictable variable continuously collects the working diameter change data of the rubber roller on the data collection module. The gap data includes the distance data between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers and the spacing data between the rotation centers of the two rubber rollers. The gap data between the rotation centers of the two rubber rollers and the working diameter change data of the rubber rollers can be used to obtain the gap data between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers. Similarly, too high elasticity will cause large elastic deformation of the rubber roller, increase the generated heat, and reduce other mechanical properties of the rubber. Too low elasticity may lead to an increase in broken rice and affect the shelling efficiency. Therefore, the surface of the rubber roller is also elastic, which will cause the diameter of the rubber roller to change under working conditions. The spacing data between the rotation centers of the two rubber rollers and the working diameter change data of the rubber rollers can be used to calculate the gap data between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers.

[0104] It is the force exerted by the rubber roller, connecting structure and piston on the piston. This force includes gravity, friction and other forces acting on the piston. It can be obtained through analysis and calculation during the trial operation data. The trial operation data is obtained by setting different gaps and different S specific values ​​to analyze the rice hulling situation and broken rice rate, and processing the trial operation data to clarify the appropriate S specific value range and the appropriate gap range. The value is not constant. Based on the test run data, the static friction and dynamic friction of the piston can be obtained. Based on the piston position data, it can be judged whether the piston is moving and adjusted according to the movement of the piston. The static friction and kinetic friction values ​​are determined by the piston's movement direction and connection position. The positive and negative, The positive and negative values ​​of the friction force will also change with the direction of piston movement. When the piston moves, its specific value will change, but it is only the switch between static friction and dynamic friction. At the same time, the gravity of the piston and its connection structure must be taken into account. For the sake of convenience in calculation, the influence of the gravity of the piston and its connection structure on the piston will be reduced. Except This is the force exerted by the rubber roller and the connecting structure on the piston. This part can be obtained by analyzing the data during the trial operation. Except The force exerted by the rubber roller and the connecting structure on the piston is fixed. At the same time, in the design of the rice husker, the moving rubber roller in the rice husker also requires a motor to realize the rotation between the moving rubber rollers. Therefore, during the design process, the moving direction of the rubber roller is made perpendicular to the gravity direction of the rubber roller, thereby eliminating the influence of the gravity of the rubber roller and the connecting structure on the piston, so that the force expression on the piston is will always be equal to , so as to facilitate subsequent calculations, data analysis uses mathematical methods to analyze a large amount of data in order to obtain the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between hulling rate and broken rice rate. There is existing technology for data analysis, and the air pressure action surface data includes the gas action area and the gas volume.

[0105] The shelling in this application refers to the removal of the rice husk. The distance between the working outer walls of the two rubber rollers can be obtained based on the working diameter change data of the rubber roller and the gap data between the two rubber rollers. Based on the change in the actual working diameter of the rubber roller, the distance between the two rubber rollers and the distance between their outer walls will also change during operation. If the gap between the two rubber rollers is too large, the grains cannot be effectively squeezed and torn, thereby reducing the shelling efficiency. If the gap is too small, the grains may be stuck or damaged, affecting the stability of the equipment operation. The change in the gap between the rubber rollers is determined by the movement control of the piston.

[0106] During the feeding process of rice, the greater the feeding speed, the greater the squeezing effect on the rubber roller, which is then transmitted to the piston, causing the piston to have a tendency to move or even move. Due to the movement of the piston, the air pressure on both sides of the piston changes, and the gas inside the cylinder exerts a force through the piston, the connecting structure and the rubber roller. This force is used to assist in hulling the rice. In the initial state, at this time When the pressure is zero, the piston moves and the air pressure changes to achieve a reaction force on the rice.

[0107] In the actual shelling process, the rice exerts a force on the rubber roller, which causes the rubber roller and the piston to move away from the rice. The movement of the piston causes the air pressure inside the cylinder to change, and the air pressure exerts a force on the piston, establishing middle, As the input quantity, ΔL is zero when the rice husker is not in operation. When the rice husker is in operation, that is, when husking, the rice exerts a force on the rubber roller, which causes the piston to move. At this time, the input quantity is based on the movement of the piston. , thus obtaining , In order to exert the force of gas on rice, the cylinder system needs to maintain a stable squeezing pressure on the rice. During the shelling process, when the movable rubber roller is subjected to the reaction force of the rice, it can generate a reaction force through a small displacement, and the piston moves, thereby changing the air pressure on both sides of the piston, thereby achieving pressure on the rice.

[0108] At the same time, the distance between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers will also change under working conditions. Due to wear and heat generated during processing, the spacing between the two rubber rollers will change. The spacing change data between the two rubber rollers is obtained. By adjusting the position of the piston, the spacing between the two rubber rollers is kept within the optimal spacing range, and at the same time it needs to be kept within the optimal pressure range. A piston movement amount is established to restore the spacing between the two rubber rollers to the initial state. The piston movement amount is input as an input into the predicted force expression to obtain the predicted force. The piston movement is achieved by adjusting the air pressure on both sides of the piston so that the incoming air pressure can meet the predicted force. Combined with the constant pressure expression, a is equal to the predicted force, thus calculating and The relevance of and The relationship between them is combined with the principle of proximity to achieve air pressure adjustment.

[0109] During shelling, the rice causes the piston to move 0.1 mm, and shelling is achieved in this state. The pressure applied to the piston when the movement is 0.1 mm is obtained. Considered as 0.1 mm, the , equal , Indicates the actual force on the piston, so that M≤ ≤N, the optimal pressure range is established by M and N, that is, under the current air pressure on both sides of the piston, when M≤ ≤N, it means it is in the optimal pressure range.

[0110] The maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston is the allowable air pressure of the structure. That is, if the air pressure on both sides of the piston exceeds the allowable air pressure, it will damage the piston and its structure and affect the use of the piston and its structure. The piston moves inside the cylinder. Therefore, an allowable air pressure threshold needs to be set for the air pressure inside the cylinder. The maximum allowable air pressure inside the cylinder is obtained by the setting parameters of the cylinder device, and a safety factor σ is established. The value range of σ is 0.9-0.8. σ is multiplied by the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston to obtain the allowable air pressure threshold. The cylinder is protected in advance by the safety factor.

[0111] By real-time detection of the air pressure on both sides of the piston and combining it with the force expression, the pressure exerted by the gas on the piston is obtained. The gap between the two rubber rollers in the rice huller is usually controlled between 0.5 and 0.8 mm. The specific value needs to be adjusted according to the rice variety. At this time, under the working state, the gap between the two rubber rollers is 0.7, but at this time, by setting the air pressure on both sides of the piston, it has a tendency to move towards the gap of 0.6. By adjusting the air pressure, the piston movement is realized to achieve the effect of the gap having a tendency to move towards 0.6 mm, so that the gap can be maintained within the appropriate gap, while ensuring the pressure on the rice, ensuring that the gap is established. Move the piston, adjust the air pressure on both sides of the piston, apply pressure to one side of the piston, or reduce pressure on the other side of the piston, or do both at the same time.

[0112] Other ways of applying pressure is equal to zero, is equal to zero, m and n are the values ​​of the gap between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers, and Respectively represent the forces acting on the piston at points m and n, m and n represent the distances between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers, which are 0.7 mm and 0.6 mm, respectively. Establish the expression It refers to the air pressure on both sides of the adjustment piston when the gap between the outer wall of the rubber roller is 0.7 mm. and It is to adjust the air pressure value on both sides of the piston. According to the piston and its structural dimensions, the air pressure required is controlled by the air control component and monitored in real time to avoid unstable adjustment during the movement of the piston. and Adjust the air pressure on both sides of the piston and combine it with the predicted force expression , Equal to 0.1 mm Substituting into the calculation, we know and Specific values ​​of , calculate the corresponding and Value, at this time , , but at this time is a specific value, equal , and then combined with the calculation to obtain and The relationship between the pressure threshold and the optimal pressure range is established. and The value range of is obtained from the value range based on the principle of proximity and The specific value of .

[0113] The gap between the two rubber rollers will tend to move from 0.7 mm to 0.6 mm, but due to the presence of rice, the gap between the two rubber rollers can never reach 0.6 mm. The change in the working diameter of the rubber rollers is not considered here, but due to the presence of air pressure, the gap between the two rubber rollers will always have a tendency to move towards 0.6 mm. This trend acts on the rice to achieve rice shelling.

Claims

1. A rice huller cylinder system, characterized in that: The cylinder system comprises: Data collection module: monitors and obtains data on the change in the working diameter of the rubber roller, the center distance between the rotation centers of the two rubber rollers, the piston position data, and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston used to push the piston to move. Based on the trial operation of the rice huller, the trial operation data is obtained; Piston control module: internally equipped with a data processing unit, an execution unit and a micro-retraction protection unit; Data processing unit: processes the test run data through data analysis to obtain the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between hulling rate and broken rice rate, and obtains the gap data between the two rubber rollers during the hulling process; Obtaining air pressure action surface data on both sides of the piston, and establishing an expression for the force acting on the piston based on the air pressure action surface data and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston; Establish a prediction force expression with piston displacement as input variable; Based on the predicted force expression and the actual force expression, a positioning expression set for adjusting the air pressure is established; Execution unit: set with voltage stabilization mode and adjustment mode; Pressure stabilization mode: Based on the diameter change data and the rotation center distance of the rubber roller, the piston displacement and the gap data between the outer walls of the two rubber rollers are calculated. The air pressure data is input into the force expression to obtain the force. It is judged whether the force is within the optimal pressure range. If it is within the optimal pressure range, no operation is performed. If it is not within the optimal pressure range, the adjustment mode is triggered. Adjustment mode: adjust the air pressure on both sides of the piston and control the piston movement through the positioning expression set; Micro-retraction protection unit: Based on the threshold algorithm and combined with the optimal pressure range and the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston, the applied pressure threshold and the allowable air pressure threshold are calculated respectively. When the force obtained by the force expression exceeds the applied pressure threshold or the air pressure inside the cylinder is greater than the allowable air pressure threshold, the micro-retraction protection unit is activated.

2. A rice huller cylinder system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The force expression on the piston includes: ； in, Indicates the initial air pressure No. 1 on the piston side, Indicates the initial air pressure of No. 2 on the other side of the piston, yes The effective area of ​​the piston on one side, yes The effective area of ​​the piston on one side, The structure connected to the piston and the force exerted by the piston body on the piston, is the force on the piston; described Including the friction between the piston and the inner wall of the cylinder , establish the force acting on the piston and The second association includes , Represents friction and The correlation equation between .

3. A rice huller cylinder system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The predicted force expression includes: ； in is the piston displacement, is the predicted air pressure on one side of the piston after the predicted movement of the piston, is the initial position of the piston relative to the air pressure on one side, is the relative position of the piston after the predicted movement, is the predicted pressure No. 2 on the other side of the piston after the predicted movement of the piston, is the position of the piston relative to the air pressure on the other side, is the position of the piston relative to the air pressure on the other side after the piston moves, It is the structure that connects with the piston after the piston displacement is input and the force exerted by the piston body on the piston, wherein , , is the gas behavior index.

4. A rice huller cylinder system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning expression set includes: Create expression one ; Expression 2 ; Subtract expression 1 from expression 2 to get expression 3 ; in , is the friction force No. 1 in Expression 1, is the friction force No. 2 in Expression 2, and The specific value of is obtained by combining the number 2 and the expression 1 and expression 2. is the initial pressure value of No. 1 after the movement. The initial pressure of No. 2 is the pressure value of No. 2 after moving, based on Establish and The third association is used for adjustments between them.

5. The rice huller cylinder system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Establishing the optimal pressure range and , , Indicates the forces acting on both sides of the piston in the working state; The threshold algorithm includes: Obtain the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston and establish a safety factor σ, with a value range of σ being 0.9-0.

8. Multiply σ by the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston to obtain the allowable air pressure threshold. Obtain the maximum value N of the optimal pressure range and use N as the pressure threshold.

6. The rice huller cylinder system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trial operation data includes fluctuation data during the operation of the piston, change data of the air pressure on both sides of the piston during the movement of the piston, piston position data, hulling rate and broken rice rate, and a one-to-one correspondence is established between the change data of the air pressure on both sides of the piston, the piston position data, the hulling rate and the broken rice rate based on the time axis.

7. The rice huller cylinder system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The micro-backoff protection unit includes a pressure relief mode and a backoff mode; The pressure relief mode includes using a positioning expression set for achieving a fixed piston position but reduced gas pressure, the positioning expression set including: in accordance with ; ； get ; Combined with the optimal pressure range and Restrictions based on and Get the pressure relief on both sides of the piston, is the modification amount of the initial air pressure of No. 1, is the modification amount to the initial air pressure of No. 2; The fallback mode includes: Based on a set of positioning expressions , , In order to adjust the piston displacement value so that the gap between the outer wall of the rubber roller is within the optimal spacing range, and As output, and Modify the air pressure value and adjust it according to the optimal pressure range. and To restrict, adjust mode and fallback mode, the operations are the same.

8. A rice huller cylinder control method, using a rice huller cylinder system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The control method includes: Monitor and obtain data on the change in the working diameter of the rubber roller, the distance between the rotational centers of the two rubber rollers, the position of the piston, and the air pressure on both sides of the piston used to push the piston to move, and obtain trial operation data based on the trial operation of the rice huller; The test run data was processed through data analysis to obtain the optimal spacing range and optimal pressure range for achieving a balance between hulling rate and broken rice rate, and the gap data between the two rubber rollers during the hulling process was obtained; Obtaining air pressure action surface data on both sides of the piston, and establishing an expression for the force acting on the piston based on the air pressure action surface data and the air pressure data on both sides of the piston; Establish a prediction force expression with piston displacement as input variable; Based on the predicted force expression and the actual force expression, a positioning expression set is established to adjust the gas pressure while keeping the piston position unchanged. Because the predicted force is not within the optimal pressure range, the air pressure on both sides of the piston is adjusted through the cylinder. After the adjustment, the predicted force calculated based on the predicted force expression meets the optimal pressure range. The applied pressure threshold and the allowable air pressure threshold are calculated based on the threshold algorithm and combined with the optimal pressure range and the maximum allowable air pressure on both sides of the piston. When the force obtained in the force expression exceeds the applied pressure threshold or the air pressure inside the cylinder is greater than the allowable air pressure threshold, the micro-retraction protection method is enabled.

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