Production and application method of composite microbial deodorant
Through the combination of composite bacterial flora and a two-stage fermentation process, combined with modified biological fillers and extracellular enzyme decomposition, the odor of landfills and garbage transfer stations is efficiently removed, solving the problem of inactivation of existing biological deodorants in high temperature and high pH environments, and achieving efficient and economical odor control effects.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510890993.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-30
AI Technical Summary
Existing biological deodorizers cannot effectively remove odors from places such as landfills and garbage transfer stations, especially in leachate environments with a pH greater than 8.5 or a temperature greater than 45°C, where they are easily inactivated. In addition, existing technology and equipment require large investments and high costs, making them difficult to adapt to the treatment of odors from unorganized emissions.
The process uses a composite bacterial community, a two-stage fermentation process and a multi-path odor mineralization technology. Through the composite bacterial community, Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and actinomycetes are mixed in a specific proportion, combined with peppermint oil and ethanol solution for fermentation to form a highly active bacterial solution. The odor is then adsorbed by modified biological fillers and decomposed by extracellular enzymes to achieve multi-path mineralization of the odor.
It achieves efficient odor removal in the landfill leachate environment, with an H2S removal rate of ≥99% and a VOCs removal rate of ≥95%. The bacterial agent maintains high activity in a high temperature and high pH environment, and the continuous deodorization time is ≥30 days, which reduces production costs and reduces the risk of secondary pollution.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biological deodorant preparation, in particular to a production and application method of a composite microbial deodorant. Background Art
[0002] Technologies for treating malodorous gases such as H2S, NH3, and mercaptans generated by domestic waste disposal fall into three main categories: physical and chemical methods, biological methods, and emerging technologies. Emerging technologies, such as plasma decomposition and photocatalytic oxidation, are highly efficient but require significant equipment investment and are difficult to adapt to the unorganized emissions characteristics of landfills.
[0003] Traditional physical and chemical methods are facing elimination due to their inability to meet standards, secondary pollution, or high costs. Meanwhile, the annual increase in complaints about malodorous landfills is forcing industry upgrades, while the promotion of incineration processes is squeezing out the biological deodorization market. Currently, landfill odors are emitted in an unorganized manner, with dispersed sources and large fluctuations in concentration. 95% of existing technologies require centralized collection systems, resulting in a surge in application costs. Biological deodorizers also have low survival rates and are easily inactivated in leachate environments with a pH greater than 8.5 or a temperature greater than 45°C.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a composite biological deodorant that can meet the requirements of removing odors in places such as landfills and garbage transfer stations. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the current biological deodorizers cannot meet the requirements for removing odors in places such as garbage dumps and garbage transfer stations.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: a method for producing and applying a composite microbial deodorant, characterized by comprising the following steps: composite microbial compatibility, a two-stage fermentation process and multi-path odor mineralization;
[0007] The composite bacterial flora is prepared by mixing Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Actinomycetes and Lactobacillus plantarum in a ratio of 1:0.5-1; 2:0.3-2:1; 5:0.2-5:1 in terms of viable bacterial count.
[0008] Two-stage fermentation process:
[0009] Primary fermentation: pure culture at 37±1℃ for 48-72 hours, control dissolved oxygen ≥5mg / L, obtain viable cell count ≥10 10 CFU / mL of basic bacterial solution;
[0010] Secondary fermentation: Add molasses and peppermint oil-ethanol solution to the basic bacterial solution and culture under light at 28-32℃ for 24-36 hours;
[0011] Multi-path odor mineralization: Fermentation products are applied to the odor treatment system to simultaneously degrade the odor through the following mechanisms:
[0012] The hydrophobic odor is adsorbed and dissolved by the modified biological filler;
[0013] Extracellular enzymes decompose thiol compounds;
[0014] Bacteria metabolize H2S, NH3, and VOCs into S 0 / SO4 2 -, N2, CO2 / H2O.
[0015] In the composite bacterial flora compatibility step, the bacterial flora achieves synergistic efficiencies through a metabolite exchange network, specifically: Lactobacillus plantarum secretes lactic acid / acetic acid to maintain a pH of 4.5-5.5; Rhodopseudomonas palustris utilizes light energy to oxidize H2S and generate electron donors; Saccharomyces cerevisiae synthesizes B vitamins to promote enzyme production by actinomycetes; and actinomycetes secrete alkylsulfatase to cleave thiol bonds.
[0016] In the secondary fermentation, peppermint oil induces the bacterial community to synthesize heat shock protein HSP70, so that the inactivation rate of the bacterial agent in an environment of pH 8.5-12 is less than or equal to 10%, and the metabolic efficiency is maintained at a high temperature of 80°C or more.
[0017] The odor treatment system adopts a single-reactor partition design and is achieved through micro-oxygen gradient control: in the aerobic zone, Rhodopseudomonas palustris oxidizes H2S; in the anoxic zone, Saccharomyces cerevisiae degrades VOCs; and each functional zone isolates metabolic products through a semipermeable membrane.
[0018] The bacterial agent uses odor degradation products as a nutrient source, self-proliferates in a landfill leachate environment, and continuously deodorizes for 30 days or more.
[0019] The modified biological filler is a hydrophobic diatomaceous earth-polyurethane composite carrier with a specific surface area of ≥500m 2 / g, and the adsorption capacity for mercaptans is ≥150mg / g.
[0020] A composite microbial deodorant, characterized in that: after storage at room temperature for 6 months, the viable bacteria count decay rate is ≤15%, and the embedding material cost accounts for ≤10%.
[0021] The invention discloses an application of a deodorant in the treatment of leachate from a garbage incineration plant, characterized in that: under the conditions of pH 10-12 and temperature 80-85°C, the H2S removal rate is ≥99%, and the VOCs removal rate is ≥95%.
[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
[0023] (1) The present invention constructs a full-chain biological deodorization system consisting of a composite bacterial community, a hierarchical fermentation process, and a multi-path odor mineralization process, which allows four types of functional bacteria to synergistically cover all malodorous substances, achieving bacterial species innovation;
[0024] (2) Using a dual-stage fermentation combined with a peppermint oil-enhanced formula to enhance bacterial activity and mass transfer efficiency;
[0025] (3) The three-stage degradation of adsorption, cell lysis and metabolism is integrated to achieve the complete mineralization of odor into harmless substances;
[0026] (4) The self-proliferating bacterial community forms a sustainable deodorizing microcirculation, which simultaneously inhibits pathogens and improves the environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the composite bacterial strain synergistic enhancement technology of the present invention.
[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the multi-mechanism odor elimination path in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0030] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are simplified schematic diagrams that illustrate the basic structure of the present invention in a schematic manner.
[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integral connection; mechanical connection, electrical connection; direct connection, or indirect connection through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.
[0032] Figure 1 and Figure 2 The production and application method of a composite microbial deodorant shown is characterized by comprising the following steps: composite microbial compatibility, a two-stage fermentation process, and multi-path odor mineralization;
[0033] The composite bacterial flora is prepared by mixing Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Actinomycetes and Lactobacillus plantarum in a ratio of 1:0.5-1; 2:0.3-2:1; 5:0.2-5:1 in terms of viable bacterial count.
[0034] Two-stage fermentation process:
[0035] Primary fermentation: pure culture at 37±1℃ for 48-72 hours, control dissolved oxygen ≥5mg / L, obtain viable cell count ≥10 10 CFU / mL of basic bacterial solution;
[0036] Secondary fermentation: Add molasses to the base bacterial solution to a final concentration of 3-8 wt%, then mix with a peppermint oil-ethanol solution (peppermint oil 0.05-0.2 vol%, ethanol 1-3 vol%), and incubate at 28-32°C under light for 24-36 hours;
[0037] Multi-path odor mineralization: Fermentation products are applied to the odor treatment system to simultaneously degrade the odor through the following mechanisms:
[0038] Hydrophobic odor is adsorbed and dissolved by modified biological filler (gas phase mass transfer efficiency ≥ 80%);
[0039] Extracellular enzymes decompose thiol compounds (alkyl sulfatase activity ≥ 200 U / mg);
[0040] Bacteria metabolize H2S, NH3, and VOCs into S 0 / SO4 2 -, N2, CO2 / H2O (mineralization rate ≥98%).
[0041] In the composite bacterial flora compatibility step, the bacterial flora achieves synergistic efficiencies through a metabolite exchange network, specifically: Lactobacillus plantarum secretes lactic acid / acetic acid to maintain a pH of 4.5-5.5; Rhodopseudomonas palustris utilizes light energy to oxidize H2S and generate electron donors; Saccharomyces cerevisiae synthesizes B vitamins to promote enzyme production by actinomycetes; and actinomycetes secrete alkylsulfatase to cleave thiol bonds.
[0042] In the secondary fermentation, peppermint oil induces the bacterial community to synthesize heat shock protein HSP70, so that the inactivation rate of the bacterial agent in an environment of pH 8.5-12 is less than or equal to 10%, and the metabolic efficiency is maintained at a high temperature of 80°C or more.
[0043] The odor treatment system adopts a single-reactor partition design and is achieved through micro-oxygen gradient control: in the aerobic zone (DO2-4mg / L), Rhodopseudomonas palustris oxidizes H2S; in the anoxic zone (DO0.2-0.5mg / L), Saccharomyces cerevisiae degrades VOCs; each functional zone isolates metabolic products through a semipermeable membrane.
[0044] The bacterial agent uses odor degradation products (sulfate, organic acid) as nutrient sources, self-proliferates in the garbage leachate environment, and continuously deodorizes for ≥30 days.
[0045] The modified biological filler is a hydrophobic diatomaceous earth-polyurethane composite carrier with a specific surface area of ≥500m 2 / g, and the adsorption capacity for mercaptans is ≥150mg / g.
[0046] A composite microbial deodorant, characterized in that: after storage at room temperature for 6 months, the viable bacterial count decay rate is ≤15%, and the embedding material cost accounts for ≤10%.
[0047] The invention discloses an application of a deodorant in the treatment of leachate from a garbage incineration plant, characterized in that: under the conditions of pH 10-12 and temperature 80-85°C, the H2S (≤1000ppm) removal rate is ≥99%, and the VOCs removal rate is ≥95%.
[0048] Product trial production stage
[0049] (1) Strain screening and optimization verification
[0050] High-throughput screening: Based on whole-genome sequencing data, high-throughput screening technology is used to verify the metabolic pathways of candidate strains, focusing on testing core indicators such as the antibacterial ability of Lactobacillus plantarum and the hydrogen sulfide oxidation efficiency of Rhodopseudomonas palustris (target 98%) to ensure that the screened strains meet theoretical expectations. Symbiotic system verification: In the laboratory, complex environments such as simulated landfills and farms are simulated, and metabolite detection (such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) is used to verify the stable operation of the "metabolite exchange network" between different strains. Synergistic effects such as the promotion of actinomycete enzyme activity by brewer's yeast and the efficiency of actinomycete cleavage of large organic molecules are evaluated.
[0051] Strain stability test: Culture the strain for a long time under different temperature (-5℃~45℃) and pH (3~9) conditions, monitor its activity decay rate and genetic stability to ensure that the core function is not degraded.
[0052] (2) Fermentation process pilot verification
[0053] Optimization of secondary fermentation parameters: Through orthogonal experiments, the temperature (35℃~39℃) and time (12h~24h) of the primary fermentation and the addition ratio of molasses and peppermint oil-ethanol solution in the secondary fermentation were systematically adjusted. The number of viable bacteria (target ≥1010CFU / mL) and the expression level of stress-resistant protein were used as core indicators to determine the optimal fermentation process parameters.
[0054] Verification of self-sustaining metabolic cycle: In a closed reactor, using real odor components (such as hydrogen sulfide and ammonia) as the only nutrient source, monitor the survival cycle of the bacterial community, accumulation of metabolites and odor degradation efficiency to verify whether it can achieve stable self-sustaining for more than 30 days.
[0055] Pilot-scale expansion: Build 500L to 1000L fermentation tanks to test the effects of engineering parameters such as temperature control, dissolved oxygen level, and stirring speed on fermentation results during scale-up production, and solve problems such as mass transfer and heat dissipation in large-scale production.
[0056] (3) Performance testing and optimization
[0057] Multi-target deodorization efficiency test: In an environmental chamber simulating landfills and sewage treatment plants, typical malodorous substances such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and methyl mercaptan are quantitatively added. Dynamic monitoring equipment is used to evaluate the degradation rate and removal rate of each odor component by different bacterial strain combinations (the goal is to cover more than 90% of odor components).
[0058] Long-term deodorization performance evaluation: Conduct continuous operation tests for more than 12 weeks to simulate load fluctuations under actual operating conditions and verify the deodorization stability and biofilm regeneration ability of the bacterial flora in long-term operation.
[0059] (4) Safety, environmental protection and compliance assessment
[0060] Biosafety testing: Entrust a third-party organization (such as the Guangdong Provincial Microbiological Analysis and Testing Center) to conduct acute toxicity tests and skin / eye irritation tests to verify the safety of the product to humans and environmental organisms (such as fish and algae) to ensure there is no risk of secondary contamination.
[0061] Verification of antibacterial effect: Inoculate pathogens such as Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in a simulated environment, verify the product's antibacterial ability through colony counting method, ensure the killing rate is greater than 99%, and obtain a test report issued by Shanghai Ingel.
[0062] Environmental compliance certification: Based on standards such as the Emission Standard of Odor Pollutants (GB 14554-93), the composition and concentration of exhaust gases emitted by products after use are tested to ensure compliance with environmental requirements.
[0063] 5. Cost control and scale feasibility verification
[0064] Raw material substitution verification: By purchasing sugar production waste (molasses) in batches to replace industrial carbon sources, the impact of different batches of raw materials on fermentation results is compared to evaluate the feasibility of reducing costs by 30% and the stability of product quality.
[0065] Scaled production cost accounting: Based on pilot data, detailed calculation of the entire process costs including fermentation equipment investment, energy consumption, labor, packaging, etc., and formulation of cost control plans for the mass production stage.
[0066] User scenario pilot verification: Conduct a three-month pilot application in one or two real landfills and farms to collect customer feedback, optimize product usage plans, and verify the adaptability and commercial feasibility of the technology in actual complex environments.
[0067] Through the research and development of Type A biological deodorant technology products, innovative composite bacteria synergistic enhancement technology and two-stage fermentation process, the overall performance of the product is comprehensively improved. In terms of deodorization efficiency, an innovative combination of four functional bacteria was designed, and three parallel degradation pathways were established to achieve the simultaneous removal of more than 90% of odor components such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and mercaptans. The efficiency of hydrogen sulfide oxidation by Rhodopseudomonas palustris reached 98%. In terms of bacterial activity and persistence, a two-stage fermentation process was adopted to increase the viable bacterial count in the basic bacterial liquid to 1010 CFU / mL, and the survival period of the viable bacteria was extended to more than 30 days through a self-sustaining metabolic cycle. At the mechanism level, the three-phase synergistic technology of gas-liquid mass transfer, extracellular enzyme degradation and intracellular mineralization was integrated to not only efficiently decompose stubborn odorous substances, but also achieve a kill rate of over 99% for Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus through metabolic acid production and secretion of antibiotics, thus interrupting the odor cycle. In terms of environmental adaptability and economy, the production cost was reduced by 30% through low-cost nutrient design. At the same time, it was tested and certified by authoritative institutions to ensure that the product is free of secondary pollution, achieving multiple breakthroughs in deodorization performance, environmental friendliness and economic benefits.
[0068] With the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention as a guide, and with reference to the above description, relevant personnel are fully capable of making various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for producing and using a composite microbial deodorant, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Complex bacterial flora, dual-stage fermentation process and multi-path odor mineralization; The composite bacterial flora is prepared by mixing Rhodopseudomonas palustris, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Actinomycetes and Lactobacillus plantarum in a ratio of 1:0.5-1; 2:0.3-2:1; 5:0.2-5:1 in terms of viable bacterial count. Two-stage fermentation process: Primary fermentation: pure culture at 37±1℃ for 48-72 hours, control dissolved oxygen ≥5mg / L, obtain viable cell count ≥10 10 CFU / mL of basic bacterial solution; Secondary fermentation: Add molasses and peppermint oil-ethanol solution to the basic bacterial solution and culture under light at 28-32℃ for 24-36 hours; Multi-path odor mineralization: Fermentation products are applied to the odor treatment system to simultaneously degrade the odor through the following mechanisms: The hydrophobic odor is adsorbed and dissolved by the modified biological filler; Extracellular enzymes decompose thiol compounds; Bacteria metabolize H2S, NH3, and VOCs into S 0 / SO4 2 -, N2, CO2 / H2O.
2. The method for producing a composite microbial deodorant according to claim 1, wherein: In the composite bacterial flora compatibility step, the bacterial flora achieves synergistic efficiencies through a metabolite exchange network, specifically: Lactobacillus plantarum secretes lactic acid / acetic acid to maintain a pH of 4.5-5.5; Rhodopseudomonas palustris utilizes light energy to oxidize H2S and generate electron donors; Saccharomyces cerevisiae synthesizes B vitamins to promote enzyme production by actinomycetes; and actinomycetes secrete alkylsulfatase to cleave thiol bonds.
3. The method for producing a composite microbial deodorant according to claim 1, wherein: In the secondary fermentation, peppermint oil induces the bacterial community to synthesize heat shock protein HSP70, so that the inactivation rate of the bacterial agent in an environment of pH 8.5-12 is less than or equal to 10%, and the metabolic efficiency is maintained at a high temperature of 80°C or more.
4. The method for producing a composite microbial deodorant according to claim 1, wherein: The odor treatment system adopts a single-reactor partition design and is achieved through micro-oxygen gradient control: in the aerobic zone, Rhodopseudomonas palustris oxidizes H2S; in the anoxic zone, Saccharomyces cerevisiae degrades VOCs; and each functional zone isolates metabolic products through a semipermeable membrane.
5. The method for producing a composite microbial deodorant according to claim 1, wherein: The bacterial agent uses odor degradation products as a nutrient source, self-proliferates in a landfill leachate environment, and continuously deodorizes for 30 days or more.
6. The method for producing a composite microbial deodorant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified biological filler is a hydrophobic diatomaceous earth-polyurethane composite carrier with a specific surface area of ≥500m 2 / g, and the adsorption capacity for mercaptans is ≥150mg / g.
7. A composite microbial deodorant prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: After 6 months of storage at room temperature, the viable bacterial count decay rate is ≤15%, and the embedding material cost accounts for ≤10%.
8. Use of the deodorant according to claim 7 in treating leachate from a waste incineration plant, characterized in that: Under the conditions of pH 10-12 and temperature 80-85℃, the H2S removal rate is ≥99% and the VOCs removal rate is ≥95%.