High-performance annular isomeric magnesium-titanium composite material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-performance annular isomeric magnesium-titanium composite material which is characterized in that a titanium or titanium alloy preform is constructed by regulating and controlling the spatial arrangement of a titanium or titanium alloy pipe, a magnesium alloy blank is heated and melted to fill gaps of the titanium or titanium alloy preform, and the compact magnesium-titanium composite material is obtained after heat preservation and cooling. In addition, the invention further discloses a preparation method of the magnesium-titanium composite material, titanium or titanium alloy pipes with different outer diameters are arranged in a concentric circle mode and placed in a crucible, a magnesium alloy blank is placed at the upper end of the crucible, the magnesium alloy blank is cooled and solidified after being heated and subjected to heat preservation in a well type resistance furnace, extrusion deformation is introduced, and the magnesium-titanium composite material is obtained. The high-performance annular isomeric magnesium-titanium composite material is obtained. According to the method, a prefabricated body is constructed by regulating and controlling the spatial arrangement of titanium or titanium alloy pipes, then magnesium alloy is melted and filled to achieve primary compounding of magnesium and titanium, finally extrusion deformation is introduced and regulated and controlled in the microstructure, and the high-performance annular isomeric magnesium-titanium composite material is obtained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of magnesium-titanium composite materials, and in particular relates to a high-performance cyclic isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Magnesium alloy is the lightest metal structural material with a density of about 1.8g / cm 3 , is widely used in transportation, aerospace, electronics 3C and other fields. Magnesium alloy has a close-packed hexagonal crystal structure, and only two independent slip systems are activated at room temperature, which makes its plasticity poor. Magnesium alloy has high specific strength and specific stiffness, but the disadvantages of low absolute strength and poor plasticity limit its application in the field of lightweighting. Although magnesium alloy has excellent development potential, its application is still far less than that of steel and aluminum alloys. At present, the comprehensive mechanical properties of magnesium alloys can be improved by adding alloying elements, introducing severe plastic deformation, and compounding. However, alloying is limited by material costs, and severe plastic deformation has high requirements for equipment and processes.

[0003] While single metal materials cannot meet real-world design and application requirements, composite materials can complement each other's performance advantages, becoming an effective reinforcement method. Titanium and its alloys offer advantages such as low density, high specific strength, and excellent corrosion resistance, making them excellent lightweight materials. The realization of magnesium-titanium composites not only improves the overall performance of composite materials but also maintains their lightweight advantages, further expanding the material's application range. Research has shown that the type, spatial arrangement, and size of reinforcements all affect the mechanical properties of composite materials.

[0004] Therefore, for magnesium-titanium composites, the design and introduction of titanium or titanium alloy reinforcements are also crucial. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing technologies and provide a method for preparing a high-performance annular heterogeneous magnesium-titanium composite material. This method uses a configurational design to arrange titanium or titanium alloy tubes of different outer diameters in concentric circles. The magnesium alloy is then melted and used to fill the gaps between the titanium or titanium alloy tubes. After cooling, a densely bonded magnesium-titanium composite material is obtained. Extrusion deformation is then introduced into the magnesium-titanium composite material to fully control the microstructure of the magnesium matrix and titanium reinforcement, resulting in a high-performance magnesium-titanium composite material with synergistically improved strength and plasticity.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a high-performance annular heterogeneous magnesium-titanium composite material, characterized in that the magnesium-titanium composite material is constructed by regulating the spatial arrangement of titanium or titanium alloy tubes to construct a titanium or titanium alloy preform, and then the magnesium alloy billet is heated and melted to fill the gaps in the titanium or titanium alloy preform, and after insulation and cooling, a dense magnesium-titanium composite material is obtained, and then the dense magnesium-titanium composite material is extruded and deformed.

[0007] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a high-performance cyclic isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Arrange titanium or titanium alloy tubes of different outer diameters in concentric circles and fix their relative positions to obtain a structured titanium or titanium alloy preform;

[0009] Step 2: placing the structured titanium or titanium alloy preform obtained in step 1 into a crucible and placing a magnesium alloy billet on top of the crucible;

[0010] Step 3: placing the crucible containing the structured titanium or titanium alloy preform and the magnesium alloy billet in step 2 in a pit-type resistance furnace and introducing argon gas, then heating to melt the magnesium alloy billet and fill the gaps in the structured titanium or titanium alloy preform, keeping the temperature, and then cooling and solidifying to obtain a dense magnesium-titanium composite material;

[0011] Step 4: Introducing extrusion deformation into the dense magnesium-titanium composite material obtained in step 3 to obtain a high-performance cyclic isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material.

[0012] The present invention designs the distribution pattern of titanium or titanium alloy tubes so that the titanium or titanium alloy tubes are distributed in concentric circles, thereby achieving control of the spatial structure and constructing titanium or titanium alloy preforms with different spatial characteristics. By utilizing the large difference in melting points between magnesium alloy and titanium or titanium alloy, the magnesium alloy is melted to fill the gaps in the titanium or titanium alloy tubes, thereby obtaining a densely bonded magnesium-titanium composite material. In addition, in order to further regulate the microstructure of the magnesium alloy matrix and the titanium or titanium alloy reinforcement, the present invention introduces plastic deformation into the magnesium-titanium composite material through an extrusion process, utilizes the interaction between magnesium and titanium to optimize the microstructure, and thereby obtains excellent mechanical properties.

[0013] The above method is characterized in that the titanium or titanium alloy tube in step 1 has a wall thickness of 1 mm to 2 mm and an outer diameter of 10 mm to 40 mm. By controlling the size of the titanium or titanium alloy tube, the present invention uses titanium or titanium alloy tubes with thinner walls, thereby ensuring the performance of the high-performance annular heterogeneous magnesium-titanium composite material. At the same time, the outer diameters of the titanium or titanium alloy tubes of different outer diameters are selected to meet a gradient distribution, thereby fully utilizing interlayer interactions to improve the microstructure and thereby enhance the performance of the annular heterogeneous magnesium-titanium composite material.

[0014] The above method is characterized in that the crucible in step 2 is a graphite crucible with an inner diameter of 30 mm to 60 mm. The present invention adjusts the inner diameter of the crucible based on the outer diameter of the titanium alloy preform so that a magnesium alloy layer is also present in the gap between the titanium or titanium alloy tube and the crucible. The thickness of the outermost magnesium alloy layer is controlled to thereby achieve control of the outer diameter of the dense magnesium-titanium composite material. In the present invention, the height of the interior of the crucible is greater than the height of the titanium or titanium alloy tube.

[0015] The above method is characterized in that the heating temperature in step 3 is 670°C to 800°C and the holding time is 30 minutes to 60 minutes. By controlling the heating temperature to be higher than the melting point of the magnesium alloy, the present invention ensures that the magnesium alloy is fully melted. The longer holding time promotes the effective filling of gaps by the magnesium alloy liquid and promotes element diffusion at the interface, thereby improving the performance of the cyclic isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material.

[0016] The above method is characterized in that the extrusion deformation temperature in step 4 is 300°C to 400°C, and the extrusion ratio is 9 to 36. The present invention controls the extrusion deformation parameters to promote not only deformation but also dynamic recrystallization of the magnesium alloy, thereby improving the performance of the cyclic isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material.

[0017] The above method is characterized in that the high-performance annular isomeric magnesium-titanium composite material in step 4 has a compressive strength of not less than 500 MPa and a compression fracture elongation of not less than 20%.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The present invention realizes effective control of the preform in three-dimensional space by designing the arrangement of titanium or titanium alloy tubes, and adjusts the proportion of different magnesium and titanium components in the preform by selecting different titanium or titanium alloy tube wall thicknesses and outer diameters. Then, through melting, insulation, cooling and extrusion deformation, a high-performance annular heterogeneous magnesium-titanium composite material is obtained.

[0020] 2. The present invention utilizes the difference in melting points between magnesium and titanium, uses high-melting-point titanium or titanium alloy pipes as the skeleton support, and melts the low-melting-point magnesium alloy to fill the gap, thereby achieving good bonding of the magnesium-titanium composite material. At the same time, magnesium alloy and titanium or titanium alloy containing different elemental components are selected, and the element diffusion and reaction during the smelting process are used to improve the bonding interface quality.

[0021] 3. The present invention utilizes the extrusion process to introduce plastic deformation into the dense magnesium-titanium composite material, and regulates the microstructure of the dense magnesium-titanium composite material by changing the extrusion process parameters, thereby improving its comprehensive mechanical properties.

[0022] 4. The preparation method of the high-performance cyclic isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material of the present invention has a novel design concept, a simple preparation process, and low cost, and can achieve efficient preparation of the high-performance magnesium-titanium composite material.

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the structured titanium preform in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section of the dense magnesium-titanium composite material in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the longitudinal section of the dense magnesium-titanium composite material in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a metallographic image of the cross section of the high-performance annular isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material obtained in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional SEM image of the high-performance cyclic isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material obtained in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 Graphs showing the compressive stress-strain curves of the dense magnesium-titanium composite material and the high-performance annular isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material obtained in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Example 1

[0031] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Arrange TA1 titanium tubes with a wall thickness of 1 mm and outer diameters of 10 mm and 20 mm in concentric circles and fix their relative positions to obtain a structured TA1 titanium preform. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Step 2: Place the structured TA1 titanium preform obtained in step 1 into a graphite crucible with an inner diameter of 30 mm and place an AZ31 magnesium alloy billet on the upper end thereof;

[0034] Step 3: Place the crucible containing the structured TA1 titanium preform and AZ31 magnesium alloy billet obtained in step 2 in a pit-type resistance furnace and introduce argon gas into the furnace body. Then, heat it to 800°C to melt the AZ31 magnesium alloy billet and fill the gap between the structured TA1 titanium preforms. After keeping the temperature for 60 minutes, cool and solidify to obtain a dense magnesium-titanium composite material with a diameter of 30 mm. Figure 2 and Figure 3 ;

[0035] Step 4: Introduce extrusion deformation into the dense magnesium-titanium composite material obtained in step 3, with an extrusion temperature of 300° C. and an extrusion ratio of 18, to obtain a high-performance annular heterogeneous magnesium-titanium composite material with an outer diameter of 7 mm.

[0036] Figure 4 The cross-sectional metallographic image of the high performance annular isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material obtained in this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 4 It can be seen that the magnesium-titanium interface is well bonded.

[0037] Figure 5 The cross-sectional SEM image of the high performance cyclic isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material obtained in this embodiment is shown in FIG. Figure 5 It can be seen that after extrusion deformation, the TA1 tube wall is serrated and meshes with AZ31.

[0038] Figure 6 The compression stress-strain curves of the dense magnesium-titanium composite material and the high-performance annular isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material obtained in this embodiment are shown in FIG. Figure 6 It can be seen that the compression performance of the high-performance annular heterogeneous magnesium-titanium composite material is significantly improved after the introduction of extrusion deformation.

[0039] After testing, it was found that the magnesium and titanium materials in the high-performance annular heterogeneous magnesium-titanium composite material prepared in this embodiment were meshed with each other and metallurgically bonded due to the aluminum element diffusion interface. The grains in AZ31 and TA1 were significantly refined, achieving synergistic improvement in strength and toughness. The compressive strength was not less than 500 MPa, and the compressive fracture elongation was not less than 20%.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0042] Step 1: Arrange TC4 titanium alloy tubes with a wall thickness of 2 mm and outer diameters of 20 mm and 40 mm in concentric circles and fix their relative positions to obtain a structured TC4 titanium alloy preform;

[0043] Step 2: placing the structured TC4 titanium alloy preform obtained in step 1 into a graphite crucible with an inner diameter of 60 mm and placing an AZ91 magnesium alloy billet on the upper end thereof;

[0044] Step 3: Place the crucible containing the structured TC4 titanium alloy preform and the AZ91 magnesium alloy billet obtained in step 2 in a pit-type resistance furnace and introduce argon gas into the furnace body. Then, heat it to 670°C to melt the AZ91 magnesium alloy billet and fill the gaps in the structured TC4 titanium alloy preform. Keep it warm for 30 minutes and then cool and solidify to obtain a dense magnesium-titanium composite material with a diameter of 60 mm.

[0045] Step 4: Introduce extrusion deformation into the dense magnesium-titanium composite material obtained in step 3, with an extrusion temperature of 400° C. and an extrusion ratio of 36 to obtain a high-performance annular heterogeneous magnesium-titanium composite material with an outer diameter of 10 mm.

[0046] After testing, it was found that the magnesium and titanium materials in the high-performance annular heterogeneous magnesium-titanium composite material prepared in this embodiment were meshed with each other and metallurgically bonded due to the aluminum element diffusion interface. The grains in AZ91 and TC4 were significantly refined, achieving synergistic improvement in strength and toughness. The compressive strength was not less than 500 MPa, and the compressive fracture elongation was not less than 20%.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] This embodiment includes the following steps:

[0049] Step 1: Arrange TC4 titanium alloy tubes with a wall thickness of 2 mm and outer diameters of 20 mm and 40 mm in concentric circles and fix their relative positions to obtain a structured TC4 titanium alloy preform;

[0050] Step 2: placing the structured TC4 titanium alloy preform obtained in step 1 into a graphite crucible with an inner diameter of 60 mm and placing a ZK61 magnesium alloy billet on the upper end thereof;

[0051] Step 3: Place the crucible containing the structured TC4 titanium alloy preform and the ZK61 magnesium alloy billet obtained in step 2 in a pit-type resistance furnace and introduce argon gas into the furnace body. Then, heat it to 700°C to melt the ZK61 magnesium alloy billet and fill the gap between the structured TC4 titanium alloy preforms. Keep it warm for 40 minutes and then cool and solidify to obtain a dense magnesium-titanium composite material with a diameter of 60 mm.

[0052] Step 4: Introduce extrusion deformation into the dense magnesium-titanium composite material obtained in step 3, with an extrusion temperature of 350° C. and an extrusion ratio of 36, to obtain a high-performance annular heterogeneous magnesium-titanium composite material with an outer diameter of 10 mm.

[0053] After testing, it was found that the magnesium-titanium materials in the high-performance annular isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material prepared in this embodiment had good intermeshing interface bonding, the grains in ZK61 and TC4 were significantly refined, and synergistic improvement in strength and toughness was achieved, with a compressive strength of not less than 500 MPa and a compressive fracture elongation of not less than 20%.

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent variation made to the above embodiment based on the technical essence of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-performance cyclic isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material, characterized in that: The magnesium-titanium composite material is obtained by regulating the spatial arrangement of titanium or titanium alloy tubes to construct a titanium or titanium alloy preform, then heating and melting the magnesium alloy billet to fill the gaps in the titanium or titanium alloy preform, insulating and cooling to obtain a dense magnesium-titanium composite material, and then extruding and deforming the dense magnesium-titanium composite material.

2. A method for preparing a high-performance cyclic isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Arrange titanium or titanium alloy tubes of different outer diameters in concentric circles and fix their relative positions to obtain a structured titanium or titanium alloy preform; Step 2: placing the structured titanium or titanium alloy preform obtained in step 1 into a crucible and placing a magnesium alloy billet on top of the crucible; Step 3: placing the crucible containing the structured titanium or titanium alloy preform and the magnesium alloy billet in step 2 in a pit-type resistance furnace and introducing argon gas, then heating to melt the magnesium alloy billet and fill the gaps in the structured titanium or titanium alloy preform, keeping the temperature, and then cooling and solidifying to obtain a dense magnesium-titanium composite material; Step 4: Introducing extrusion deformation into the dense magnesium-titanium composite material obtained in step 3, thereby obtaining a high-performance cyclic isomerized magnesium-titanium composite material.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The titanium or titanium alloy tube in step 1 has a wall thickness of 1 mm to 2 mm and an outer diameter of 10 mm to 40 mm.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The crucible in step 2 is a graphite crucible, and the inner diameter of the crucible is 30 mm to 60 mm.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The heating temperature in step 3 is 670° C. to 800° C., and the insulation time is 30 min to 60 min.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The temperature of the extrusion deformation in step 4 is 300° C. to 400° C., and the extrusion ratio is 9 to 36.

7. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The high-performance annular isomeric magnesium-titanium composite material in step 4 has a compressive strength of not less than 500 MPa and a compression fracture elongation of not less than 20%.

Images