Aseismic building structural assembly and method of use

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of anti-seismic structure, and discloses an anti-seismic building structure assembly and a use method. The assembly comprises a base, a top plate, a damping and shock-absorbing mechanism, a steel cable assembly, a supporting mechanism, a spherical hinge supporting assembly and a supporting column. The spherical hinge supporting assembly is fixedly arranged at a central position between the base and the top plate. The damping and shock-absorbing mechanism and the steel cable assembly are fixedly arranged at the periphery between the base and the top plate. The supporting mechanism is fixedly arranged between the base and the top plate. The supporting mechanism comprises a hexagonal rubber plate, and a multi-edge shear frame is embedded in the hexagonal rubber plate. A plurality of supporting columns are detachably fixedly arranged on the inner side of the supporting mechanism between the base and the top plate. The anti-seismic toughness is greatly improved through the cooperation of multiple anti-seismic mechanisms. Through the multi-dimensional cooperation of the damping and shock-absorbing mechanism, the steel cable assembly, the supporting mechanism, the spherical hinge supporting assembly and the supporting column, an integrated anti-seismic system of flexible buffering-rigid constraint-intelligent energy consumption is formed. The anti-seismic buffering performance of a house or a building is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of earthquake-resistant structural technology, and more specifically, to an earthquake-resistant building structural component and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] An earthquake, also known as a seismic event or ground vibration, is a natural phenomenon caused by the rapid release of energy in the Earth's crust, generating seismic waves. Generally speaking, earthquakes are divided into longitudinal and transverse seismic waves, with transverse seismic waves being the most destructive. Most buildings employ rigid earthquake-resistant construction, reinforcing the foundation with steel bars or columns, which can mitigate earthquake damage to some extent. However, it does not reduce the sensation of vibration felt by people inside the building; they will still experience strong shaking and dizziness. Some earthquake-resistant components only provide damping and cushioning for vertical vibrations, which can be inconvenient to use.

[0003] Existing technology publication CN216142219U discloses an earthquake-resistant building structure component, which includes a support base, a steel column, a support column, a vertical seismic spring, and a support steel plate. The support base is fixed to the foundation. The lower end of the steel column is fixedly connected to the middle of the upper surface of the support base. The lower end of the support column is inserted into a blind hole on the upper surface of the steel column and slidably connected to the side wall of the blind hole. The upper end is connected to the middle of the lower surface of the support steel plate. The vertical seismic spring is located at the bottom of the blind hole on the upper surface of the steel column. The upper end of the vertical seismic spring is connected to the lower end of the support column, and the lower end is connected to the steel column. The upper part of the support steel plate fixes the building's support beam. This utility model utilizes springs to buffer the impact of seismic waves on the building and absorb the energy of seismic waves, effectively reducing the destructive force of seismic waves and solving the problem of poor seismic resistance of wooden buildings. Using this earthquake-resistant building structure component can improve the seismic resistance of wooden houses and ensure the safety of people's lives and property.

[0004] While the existing technical solutions described above can achieve the relevant beneficial effects through their structures, they still have the following drawbacks: 1. Existing technologies rely on rigid constraints to reduce earthquake damage, failing to mitigate damage caused by earthquakes in both the horizontal and vertical directions. 2. Structural components are mostly welded or integrally cast, non-disassembled, and cannot be quickly assembled into support bases of different sizes. Adaptation to different building requirements necessitates redesign, resulting in low installation efficiency; replacement or repair requires complete dismantling, leading to long maintenance cycles. Therefore, we propose an earthquake-resistant building structural component and its application method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] 1. The technical problems to be solved.

[0006] The purpose of this application is to provide a seismic-resistant building structure component and its usage method, which solves the technical problems mentioned in the background art and realizes a significant improvement in seismic toughness through the synergy of multiple seismic-resistant mechanisms: through the multi-dimensional synergy of damping and shock absorption mechanisms, steel cable components, support mechanisms, ball joint support components and support columns, an integrated seismic-resistant system of flexible buffering, rigid constraint and intelligent energy dissipation is formed; thus improving the technical effect of improving the seismic buffering performance of houses or buildings.

[0007] 2. Technical solution.

[0008] This application provides a seismic-resistant building structure component, including: a base, a top plate, a damping and shock absorption mechanism, a steel cable assembly, a support mechanism, a ball joint support assembly, and a support column.

[0009] A ball joint support assembly is detachably fixed at the center between the base and the top plate.

[0010] The base and top plate are detachably fixed with a damping and shock absorption mechanism and a steel cable assembly.

[0011] A support mechanism is detachably fixed between the base and the top plate; the support mechanism includes a hexagonal rubber plate, and a polygonal shear frame is embedded in the hexagonal rubber plate.

[0012] Multiple support columns are detachably fixed inside the support mechanism between the base and the top plate.

[0013] Several earthquake-resistant building structural components are detachably and fixedly connected to form a large-area base, which effectively supports the house or building.

[0014] The above technical solution uses a damping shock absorption mechanism, steel cable assembly, support mechanism, ball joint support assembly and support column to fix the base and top plate together, thereby achieving multiple seismic resistance performance and improving the seismic resistance of the house or building.

[0015] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, support columns are fixedly installed at the four corners of the base, and a base plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the support columns. The base plate is fixedly connected to the four support columns. Mounting holes are provided on the support columns. Several reinforcing bar holes are provided on the base plate.

[0016] The above technical solutions are used to fix two adjacent earthquake-resistant building structural components together using mounting holes, screws, nuts, etc.

[0017] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the ball joint support assembly includes a lower ball seat, a spherical pivot, a pivot rod, an upper ball seat, a pivot hole, and a fixed mounting plate.

[0018] The lower ball seat is detachably fixed at the center of the upper part of the base, and a rubber shock-absorbing pad is installed between the lower ball seat and the base. The upper ball seat is detachably fixed on the lower ball seat.

[0019] A rotating rod is fixedly installed on the spherical swivel, and a rotating hole is provided on the upper spherical seat.

[0020] The spherical rotary seat is rotatably positioned between the lower ball seat and the upper ball seat; the rotating rod is movably positioned within the rotating hole.

[0021] A mounting plate is fixedly installed at the upper end of the rotating rod. This mounting plate is detachably fixed to the top plate, and a rubber damping pad is placed between the mounting plate and the top plate. A high-damping rubber pad is placed between the mounting plate and the top plate, with a diamond-pattern embossed on its surface to increase the coefficient of friction and prevent relative slippage during vibration. The rubber damping pad is made of nitrile rubber, a high-damping material.

[0022] The above technical solution uses a ball joint support assembly to fix the base and top plate together. In the event of an earthquake, a small angle of rotation between the base and top plate is allowed, and the rubber shock-absorbing pads cushion the damage caused by the earthquake.

[0023] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the support mechanism includes a hexagonal rubber plate, and a polygonal shear frame is embedded in the hexagonal rubber plate.

[0024] The polygonal shear frame includes hexagonal support plates, connecting rods, and corner plates; there are two hexagonal support plates; there are multiple connecting rods and corner plates; multiple connecting rods are connected by corner plates to form a hexagonal shear frame; the upper and lower ends of the shear frame are hinged to the hexagonal support plates. The polygonal shear frame is set inside a hexagonal rubber plate.

[0025] The hexagonal rubber sheet is integrally molded from high-damping nitrile rubber. 3% graphene nanosheets and two layers of basalt fiber mesh are added to the rubber matrix, followed by vulcanization.

[0026] The above technical solution achieves seismic damping and buffering effects through hexagonal rubber plates and polygonal shear frames. During an earthquake, the shear frame absorbs horizontal seismic forces through hexagonal rhomboid deformation, the connecting rods bear the combined action of axial force and shear force, and the corner plates transmit torque and guide the deformation direction, realizing a synergistic effect of steel frame guiding deformation and rubber matrix buffering energy dissipation. This improves the seismic energy dissipation and buffering effect.

[0027] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the damping and shock absorption mechanism includes a cross-shaped universal joint, a magnetorheological damper, a buffer column, and a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy spring.

[0028] The fixed end of the rheological damper is detachably fixed with a cross-shaped universal joint.

[0029] A buffer column is fixedly installed on the movable rod of the magnetorheological damper; the buffer column is made of rubber material.

[0030] A nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy spring is fitted on the outside of the buffer column.

[0031] The other end of the buffer column is detachably fixed with a cross-shaped universal joint.

[0032] The upper and lower universal joints are detachably and fixedly connected to the base and the top plate, respectively.

[0033] The above technical solution improves the shock resistance by combining the cross-shaped universal joint, magnetorheological damper, buffer column, and nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy spring.

[0034] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the support column is made of rubber material and has a lead core embedded inside, with a steel core rope embedded inside the lead core.

[0035] The outer rubber matrix of the support column is made of high-damping EPDM rubber, with 3% graphene nanosheets and 2% carbon black added to the rubber matrix. It is vulcanized at 160 degrees Celsius to ensure efficient energy dissipation through elastic deformation during minor earthquakes.

[0036] The lead core is made of industrial lead rods with a purity of 99.9%. The lead core runs through the axis of the column and absorbs energy through plastic flow during moderate to major earthquakes, forming an elastic-plastic dual energy dissipation system with the rubber.

[0037] The innermost layer is equipped with a steel core rope that runs through the column axially to enhance the vertical tensile bearing capacity and prevent the column from being pulled apart during a major earthquake.

[0038] The surface of the column is provided with several annular protrusions at intervals, which cooperate with the grooves on the inner side of the support mechanism to increase lateral friction and improve the torsional stiffness of the overall structure.

[0039] Two layers of basalt fiber cloth are wound around the outer layer of the rubber column using a spiral winding process. The fiber direction is at a 45-degree angle to the axial direction. Pre-tension is used to form a circumferential constraint, which limits the radial expansion rate of the column.

[0040] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, a protective cover is provided around the base and top plate to prevent debris from entering.

[0041] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, the steel cable assembly includes a spiral steel cable, a rubber support sleeve, and a basalt fiber reinforced composite material sleeve.

[0042] Multiple wave-shaped damping rings are installed on the spiral steel cable. The wave-shaped damping rings are made of Q235 steel and have a hot-dip galvanized surface treatment.

[0043] The spiral cable is made of high-strength galvanized steel strand. The surface of the cable is phosphated and then hot-dip galvanized.

[0044] The wave-shaped damping rings are stamped from 3mm thick Q235 steel plates, with one ring installed every 300mm along the cable axis, and fixed to the cable by inner ring clamps. The surface of the damping rings is hot-dip galvanized.

[0045] A rubber support sleeve is installed on the outside of the spiral steel cable; a basalt fiber reinforced composite material sleeve is installed on the outside of the rubber support sleeve.

[0046] The above technical solutions improve the buffering and seismic resistance effect by using spiral steel cables, rubber support sleeves, wave-shaped damping rings, and basalt fiber reinforced composite material sleeves.

[0047] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, two screw holes are staggered at each of the four corners of the top plate; grooves are formed on the upper and lower sides of each of the four corners of the top plate, and the grooves correspond to the screw holes respectively. Friction buffer plates are installed between two adjacent top plates or bases.

[0048] The friction buffer pad adopts a metal-rubber composite structure, with a core layer of 3 mm thick nitrile rubber and upper and lower stainless steel plates with laser-engraved diamond patterns on the surface. The rubber layer and the metal layer are bonded together through a hot vulcanization process.

[0049] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, a monitoring mechanism is provided between the base and the top plate. The monitoring mechanism monitors the operation of the earthquake-resistant building structure components and promptly detects any abnormalities. The monitoring mechanism includes...

[0050] Data collection module: Collects data on earthquake-resistant building structural components, building data, historical earthquake data, and geological data, and annotates the data as a reference sample.

[0051] Data acquisition module: Deploys a high-precision sensor network; collects data on the core components and key parts of earthquake-resistant building structures.

[0052] Environmental data acquisition module: Temperature and humidity sensors and corrosion rate sensors are installed inside the protective cover to monitor the aging effects on steel components and rubber.

[0053] Data transmission module: It adopts a hybrid wired and wireless transmission. Key parameters are transmitted to the central control terminal in real time through shielded cables, while secondary parameters are uploaded periodically through LoRa wireless modules, reducing wiring complexity.

[0054] Data processing unit: Equipped with an edge computing terminal and a built-in seismic wave recognition algorithm, it can determine the earthquake magnitude and automatically switch the monitoring frequency within three seconds.

[0055] Comprehensive Assessment Unit: Combining monitoring data from various modules and sensor data, it comprehensively assesses the operation of earthquake-resistant building structural components, accurately identifies abnormal situations, and predicts potential risks.

[0056] Alarm module: Includes an alarm device with three threshold settings. When the monitored value exceeds the warning threshold, it will alert maintenance personnel through audible and visual alarms and remote push notifications. When the alarm threshold is reached, it will automatically cut off unnecessary loads to reduce secondary risks.

[0057] Control Center: Network connected to the data collection module, data acquisition module, environmental data acquisition module, data transmission module, data processing unit, comprehensive evaluation unit, and alarm module.

[0058] This invention provides a method for using an earthquake-resistant building structure, comprising the following steps.

[0059] S1. Fix and connect several bases and top plates together.

[0060] S2. The base and top plate are fixedly connected by a damping and shock absorption mechanism, steel cable assembly, support mechanism, ball joint support assembly, polygonal shear frame and support column to achieve multiple seismic resistance performance and improve the seismic resistance of the house or building.

[0061] S3. The data collection module of the monitoring agency collects data on earthquake-resistant building structural components, building data, historical earthquake data, and geological data, and annotates the data as reference samples.

[0062] S4. The data acquisition module collects data on the core components and key parts of earthquake-resistant building structures by deploying a high-precision sensor network.

[0063] S5, the environmental data acquisition module monitors the aging of steel components and rubber through temperature and humidity sensors and corrosion rate sensors.

[0064] S6, the data processing unit performs seismic wave identification.

[0065] S7. The comprehensive assessment unit combines monitoring data from various modules and sensor data to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the operation of earthquake-resistant building structural components, accurately identify abnormal situations, and predict potential risks.

[0066] S8. When an abnormal situation or potential risk is detected, the alarm module will issue an alarm in a timely manner.

[0067] 3. Beneficial effects.

[0068] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages.

[0069] 1. This invention significantly improves seismic toughness through the synergistic effect of multiple seismic resistance mechanisms: A multi-dimensional synergy of damping and shock absorption mechanisms, steel cable assemblies, support mechanisms, ball joint support assemblies, and support columns forms an integrated seismic resistance system of flexible buffering, rigid constraint, and intelligent energy dissipation. The ball joint support assembly allows the base and top plate to rotate omnidirectionally at small angles, achieving bidirectional buffering in conjunction with upper and lower rubber damping pads, absorbing vertical impact energy. The hexagonal rubber plate and polygonal shear frame of the support mechanism synergistically dissipate energy through rhombic deformation, increasing the dissipation rate of horizontal seismic forces. The damping and shock absorption mechanism provides graded responses for small, medium, and large earthquakes, and the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy springs can automatically reset after a large earthquake, reducing residual structural deformation. The steel cable assemblies and support columns form a tension-compression complementary constraint, limiting excessive structural displacement and improving overall lateral stiffness.

[0070] 2. The base uses C40 reinforced concrete and a Q355B steel frame, which improves compressive strength and bending stiffness. The top plate adopts a steel-concrete composite structure, and the epoxy resin coating on the surface improves wear resistance and adapts to long-term load impact. The nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy spring has a high degree of deformation recovery, and the reset accuracy after a major earthquake is less than two millimeters, avoiding functional failure caused by permanent deformation of traditional springs.

[0071] 3. The support column adopts a composite structure of rubber, lead core, and steel core rope. The lead core has a high plastic elongation rate, which can absorb the plastic energy dissipation of moderate to major earthquakes, while the steel core rope enhances the vertical tensile bearing capacity and prevents the column from breaking.

[0072] 4. Graded response adapts to all earthquake magnitudes, enhancing structural safety: Precise adaptation is achieved for different earthquake intensities: During minor earthquakes, the elastic deformation of the buffer column rubber mainly dissipates energy, and the micro-rotation of the cross shaft universal joint reduces the vibration transmitted by the rigid structure; During moderate earthquakes, the magnetorheological damper enhances energy dissipation through magnetic field regulation, and the tension constraint of the steel cable assembly limits displacement, preventing the structure from entering the elastoplastic stage; During major earthquakes, the damper enters a strong energy dissipation state, and the support mechanism and support column yield together, absorbing the earthquake input energy through plastic deformation, protecting the main structure from collapse.

[0073] 5. Modular design with excellent adaptability and maintainability: Components are detachably connected through screw holes, grooves and bolts, which can be quickly spliced ​​into a large-area support base to adapt to different building scales and improve installation efficiency; key components adopt standardized interfaces, shortening the replacement cycle and reducing operation and maintenance costs.

[0074] 6. Intelligent monitoring and early warning, achieving full life cycle controllability: The monitoring agency captures the structural response in real time through a high-precision sensor network, and the data processing unit quickly determines the earthquake level based on the CNN model; the three-level alarm mechanism links to cut off unnecessary loads, reduce secondary risks, and reduce post-earthquake structural repair costs. Attached Figure Description

[0075] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of an earthquake-resistant building structure component disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0076] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an earthquake-resistant building structure component disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0077] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a ball joint support assembly of an earthquake-resistant building structure component disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0078] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a polygonal shear frame of an earthquake-resistant building structural component disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0079] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a damping and shock absorption mechanism for an earthquake-resistant building structure component disclosed in a preferred embodiment of this application.

[0080] Reference numerals: 1. Base; 2. Top plate; 3. Damping and shock absorption mechanism; 4. Cable assembly; 5. Support mechanism; 6. Ball joint support assembly; 7. Support column; 8. Polygonal shear frame; 11. Support column; 12. Base plate; 13. Mounting hole; 21. Screw hole; 22. Slot; 31. Cross-shaft universal joint; 32. Magnetorheological damper; 33. Buffer column; 34. Nickel-titanium based shape memory alloy spring; 41. Helical cable; 42. Rubber support sleeve; 43. Basalt fiber reinforced composite material sleeve; 61. Lower ball seat; 62. Spherical rotating seat; 621. Rotating rod; 63. Upper ball seat; 631. Rotating hole; 64. Fixed mounting plate; 81. Hexagonal support plate; 82. Connecting rod; 83. Angle plate. Detailed Implementation

[0081] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0082] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This application provides an earthquake-resistant building structure component, including: a base 1, a top plate 2, a damping and shock absorption mechanism 3, a steel cable assembly 4, a support mechanism 5, a ball joint support assembly 6, and a support column 7.

[0083] A detachable ball joint support assembly 6 is fixedly installed at the center between the base 1 and the top plate 2. The base 1 is prefabricated from C40 reinforced concrete, with an internally embedded Q355B steel frame and a pre-reserved circular groove at the center. It contains a flange base with a positioning pin, which precisely connects with the ball joint support assembly 6. The top plate 2 adopts a steel and concrete composite structure. The base layer is a Q235B steel plate, which is laser-cut. The upper part is filled with 80 mm thick C30 fine stone concrete, which is mixed with polypropylene fiber and coated with epoxy resin wear-resistant coating.

[0084] A damping and shock absorption mechanism 3 and a steel cable assembly 4 are detachably fixed around the periphery between the base 1 and the top plate 2; a support mechanism 5 is detachably fixed between the base 1 and the top plate 2; the support mechanism 5 includes a hexagonal rubber plate, and a polygonal shear frame 8 is embedded in the hexagonal rubber plate. Multiple support columns 7 are detachably fixed inside the support mechanism 5 between the base 1 and the top plate 2.

[0085] Several earthquake-resistant building structural components are detachably and fixedly connected to form a large-area base, which effectively supports the house or building.

[0086] In this technical solution, the base 1 and the top plate 2 are fixedly connected by the damping and shock absorption mechanism 3, the steel cable assembly 4, the support mechanism 5, the ball joint support assembly 6 and the support column 7, so as to achieve multiple seismic resistance performance and improve the seismic resistance of the house or building.

[0087] Furthermore, support columns 11 are fixedly installed at the four corners below the base 1, and a base plate 12 is fixedly connected below the support columns 11. The base plate 12 is fixedly connected to the four support columns 11.

[0088] The support column 11 has mounting holes 13. The base plate 12 has several reinforcing bar holes.

[0089] In this technical solution, two adjacent earthquake-resistant building structure components are fixedly connected together using mounting holes 13 and screws and nuts.

[0090] Reference Figure 3 The ball joint support assembly 6 includes a lower ball seat 61, a spherical swivel seat 62, a swivel rod 621, an upper ball seat 63, a swivel hole 631, and a fixed mounting plate 64.

[0091] The lower ball seat 61 is detachably and fixedly mounted at the center of the upper part of the base 1, and a rubber shock-absorbing pad is provided between the lower ball seat 61 and the base 1. The upper ball seat 63 is detachably and fixedly mounted on the lower ball seat 61; a rotating rod 621 is fixedly mounted on the spherical swivel seat 62, and a rotating hole 631 is provided on the upper ball seat 63.

[0092] The spherical swivel joint 62 is rotatably positioned between the lower ball joint 61 and the upper ball joint 63; the rotating rod 621 is movably positioned within the rotating hole 631. The spherical swivel joint 62 is forged from 20CrMnTi alloy steel, with a carburized and quenched surface. Three spiral oil grooves are machined into the spherical surface, and lithium-based grease is incorporated to reduce the coefficient of rotational friction. The rotating rod 621 is integrally forged with the spherical swivel joint, and an annular groove is machined into the rod body. A polyurethane buffer ring is fitted inside the groove. When the rotating rod collides radially with the rotating hole 631, the buffer ring can absorb more than 50% of the impact energy. The rotating hole 631 is located at the center of the upper ball joint, and a bronze sleeve is inlaid in the inner wall of the hole. An axial oil groove is machined on the surface of the bronze sleeve, and grease is periodically replenished through a grease nipple to ensure smooth rotation of the rotating rod.

[0093] A mounting plate 64 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the rotating rod 621. The mounting plate 64 is detachably fixed to the top plate 2, and a rubber damping pad is installed between the mounting plate 64 and the top plate 2. A high-damping rubber pad is installed between the mounting plate 64 and the top plate. The surface of the rubber pad is embossed with a diamond pattern to increase the coefficient of friction and prevent relative slippage during vibration. The contact surfaces of the rubber pad with the mounting plate and the top plate are coated with neoprene rubber adhesive to ensure integrated force bearing. The rubber damping pad is made of nitrile rubber, which is a high-damping material.

[0094] In this technical solution, the base 1 and the top plate 2 are fixedly connected by a ball joint support assembly 6. During an earthquake, a small angle of rotation between the base 1 and the top plate 2 is allowed, with rubber shock-absorbing pads cushioning the damage caused by the earthquake. The lower ball seat 61 and the spherical rotating seat 62 are connected to the base 1 by M20 high-strength bolts, with annular ribs around the bolt holes to enhance local bearing capacity. When an earthquake causes horizontal or vertical vibrations, the spherical rotating seat 62 can rotate omnidirectionally along the hemispherical grooves of the upper and lower ball seats; during horizontal vibrations, the rotating rod 621 oscillates around the center of the ball, and the gap between the rotating rod and the rotating hole 631 provides space for rotation, while the bronze sleeve prevents wear caused by direct metal-to-metal friction; during vertical impacts, the bottom rubber shock-absorbing pad absorbs energy through compression deformation, while the top rubber pad simultaneously stretches to buffer, forming a two-way shock absorption effect.

[0095] Reference Figure 4 The support mechanism 5 includes a hexagonal rubber plate, and a polygonal shear frame 8 is embedded in the hexagonal rubber plate; the polygonal shear frame 8 includes a hexagonal support plate 81, a connecting rod 82 and a corner plate 83.

[0096] There are two hexagonal support plates 81; there are multiple connecting rods 82 and angle plates 83.

[0097] Multiple connecting rods 82 are connected by angle plates 83 to form a hexagonal shear frame; both the upper and lower ends of the shear frame are hinged to hexagonal support plates 81. The polygonal shear frame 8 is set inside a hexagonal rubber plate.

[0098] The hexagonal rubber sheet is integrally molded from high-damping nitrile rubber with a Shore hardness of 60±5; the edges are rounded to reduce stress concentration. 3% graphene nanosheets and two layers of basalt fiber mesh are added to the rubber matrix, and after vulcanization, the tensile strength is ≥12MPa and the elongation at break is ≥400%, improving energy dissipation capacity. The upper and lower surfaces of the hexagonal rubber sheet have pre-set grooves that fit into the raised structure of the hexagonal support plate 81. The inner walls of the grooves are coated with polyurethane adhesive, and the vulcanization process achieves an integrated bond between the rubber and the metal support plate, preventing relative slippage.

[0099] In this technical solution, a seismic damping effect is achieved through a hexagonal rubber plate and a polygonal shear frame 8. During an earthquake, the shear frame absorbs horizontal seismic forces through hexagonal rhomboid deformation, the connecting rods bear the combined action of axial force and shear force, and the corner plates transmit torque and guide the deformation direction, achieving a synergistic effect of the steel frame guiding deformation and the rubber matrix buffering energy dissipation. This improves the seismic energy dissipation and buffering effect.

[0100] Reference Figure 5 The damping and shock absorption mechanism 3 includes a cross-shaped universal joint 31, a magnetorheological damper 32, a buffer column 33, and a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy spring 34.

[0101] The fixed end of the magnetorheological damper 32 is detachably fixed with a cross-shaft universal joint 31.

[0102] A buffer column 33 is fixedly installed on the movable rod of the magnetorheological damper 32; the buffer column 33 is made of rubber material; a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy spring 34 is sleeved on the outside of the buffer column 33.

[0103] The other end of the buffer column 33 is detachably fixed with a cross shaft universal joint 31; the upper and lower cross shaft universal joints 31 are detachably fixedly connected to the base 1 and the top plate 2 respectively.

[0104] The universal joint 31 is forged from 40Cr alloy steel. Both ends of the universal joint are connected to the universal joint fork via needle roller bearings. The outer ring of the bearings is carburized and quenched to ensure wear resistance. The universal joint 31 is connected to the embedded parts of the base 1 and the top plate 2 via M20 high-strength bolts. A grease fitting is installed at the center of the universal joint 31's universal joint; lithium-based grease is periodically injected to prevent rigid jamming.

[0105] The working cylinder of magnetorheological damper 32 is made of seamless steel pipe and filled with magnetorheological fluid. The base fluid is silicone oil containing 50μm carbonyl iron particles at a mass fraction of 35%. Six damping holes are opened on the piston head, and three sets of enameled wire coils are wound around the hole walls. The magnetic field strength is controlled by an external DC24V power supply, achieving stepless adjustment of the damping coefficient. The piston rod of magnetorheological damper 32 is chrome-plated and uses a polyurethane U-shaped sealing ring to achieve dynamic sealing. Six heat dissipation fins are welded to the outer wall of the working cylinder.

[0106] The buffer column 33 is molded from high-damping nitrile rubber in a cylindrical shape with a central through-hole. It is fitted onto the movable rod of the magnetorheological damper. The outer surface of the buffer column 33 is machined with annular grooves to enhance lateral deformation capacity. 2% carbon nanotubes (50μm in length) are added to the rubber matrix of the buffer column 33 to increase tensile strength and elongation at break, allowing it to absorb high-frequency vibration energy through elastic deformation during minor earthquakes. Fifteen-millimeter-thick steel plates are vulcanized and bonded to both ends of the buffer column 33. The central hole of the steel plate is interference-fitted with the movable rod to ensure uniform force transmission and prevent peeling between the rubber and metal surfaces.

[0107] The nickel-titanium based shape memory alloy spring 34 is made of nickel-titanium alloy wire with a diameter of six millimeters and has a maximum recoverable deformation of 8%. Stainless steel lugs are welded to both ends of the spring and it is connected to the end plate of the buffer column by bolts. It is pre-compressed by ten millimeters during installation and expands and contracts synchronously with the buffer column during earthquake deformation. After a major earthquake, it can restore its original shape through its own shape memory effect.

[0108] In this technical solution, the shock-resistant effect of buffering energy dissipation is improved through the synergistic action of the universal joint 31, magnetorheological damper 32, buffer column 33, and nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy spring 34. The multi-component linkage logic is as follows.

[0109] During minor earthquakes, the horizontal acceleration is less than 0.1g. The universal joint 31 allows for a small rotation of five degrees. The magnetorheological damper 32 coil is not energized (damping coefficient 0.3kN•s / m). Energy is mainly absorbed by the elastic deformation of the rubber of the buffer column 33. The nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy spring 34 is in the austenitic phase, providing stable preload and assisting the rubber in restoring its position.

[0110] During a moderate earthquake, with accelerations between 0.1g and 0.3g, the universal joint rotation angle increases to 15 degrees, a 1.5A current is applied to the magnetorheological damper, the magnetic field strength reaches 0.8T, and the damping coefficient rises to 1.5kN•s / m. Energy is dissipated through the shear yielding of the magnetorheological fluid particle chains; the compression of the buffer column reaches 10 to 30 millimeters, and the rubber enters the nonlinear deformation stage; the alloy spring begins to stretch / compress, sharing part of the load through elastic force.

[0111] During a major earthquake, the acceleration is greater than 0.3g, the universal joint rotates to its limit angle of 30 degrees, the damper current increases to 3 amperes (magnetic field strength 1.5T), the damping coefficient reaches 3.0kN•s / m, and it enters a state of strong energy dissipation; the compression of the buffer column exceeds 30 millimeters, and the rubber is close to its limit deformation; the alloy spring temperature rises to above 35 degrees due to severe deformation, triggering a martensitic phase transformation, the elastic modulus drops sharply, allowing for greater deformation and absorbing energy, and after the earthquake, the temperature drops and the austenitic phase is restored, driving the mechanism to reset.

[0112] Furthermore, the support column 7 is made of rubber material with an embedded lead core, and a steel core rope is embedded inside the lead core. The outer rubber matrix of the support column 7 is made of high-damping EPDM rubber with a Shore hardness of 70±5. 3% graphene nanosheets and 2% carbon black are added to the rubber matrix, and it is vulcanized at 160 degrees Celsius to ensure efficient energy dissipation through elastic deformation during minor earthquakes.

[0113] The lead core is made of 99.9% pure industrial lead rod, which runs through the column axis and has 10mm thick copper plates embedded at both ends to prevent direct contact between the lead core and the rubber, thus avoiding electrochemical corrosion. The lead core has a yield strength ≤10MPa and a plastic elongation ≥30%. During moderate to severe earthquakes, it absorbs energy through plastic flow, forming an elastic-plastic dual energy dissipation system with the rubber.

[0114] The innermost layer is equipped with a steel core rope that runs through the column axially to enhance the vertical tensile bearing capacity and prevent the column from being pulled apart during a major earthquake.

[0115] The surface of the column is provided with several annular protrusions at intervals, which cooperate with the grooves on the inner side of the support mechanism 5 to increase lateral friction and improve the torsional stiffness of the overall structure.

[0116] Two layers of basalt fiber cloth are wound around the outer layer of the rubber column using a spiral winding process, with the fiber direction at a 45-degree angle to the axial direction. Pre-tensioning creates circumferential constraints, limiting the radial expansion rate of the column. Epoxy resin is applied between the basalt fiber cloth and the rubber to ensure coordinated deformation and prevent fiber cloth peeling.

[0117] In this technical solution, the top of the support column 7 is connected to the top plate 2 using a Q355B steel plate as a transition flange. The bottom surface of the flange is bonded to the rubber column through a vulcanization process. Four oblong holes are opened on the top surface of the flange, which are connected to the pre-embedded parts of the top plate with M20 high-strength bolts to accommodate lateral displacement during earthquakes. The bottom end of the support column 7 is connected to the base 1 by a ball joint with a positioning pin. The outer shell of the ball joint is vulcanized integrally with the rubber column, and the core is fixed to the base with bolts to avoid additional bending moment caused by the settlement of the base. The contact surface of the ball joint is inlaid with a polytetrafluoroethylene plate to ensure flexible rotation. A nitrile rubber buffer pad is installed between the flange and the top plate / base. The surface of the buffer pad is embossed with a diamond pattern, which increases friction to prevent slippage and absorbs vertical impact energy through elastic deformation.

[0118] Furthermore, protective covers are installed around the base 1 and top plate 2 to prevent debris from entering. The protective covers adopt a modular assembly structure and are made of 1.5mm thick high-strength polyethylene board, which has impact resistance, weather resistance, and lightweight characteristics, avoiding additional structural loads. The protective covers can also be replaced with other materials, such as non-woven fabric or waterproof cloth.

[0119] Reference Figure 2 The steel cable assembly 4 includes a spiral steel cable 41, a rubber support sleeve 42, and a basalt fiber reinforced composite material sleeve 43.

[0120] Multiple wave-shaped damping rings are provided on the spiral steel cable 41. The wave-shaped damping rings are made of Q235 steel and have a hot-dip galvanized surface treatment.

[0121] The spiral steel cable 41 is made of high-strength galvanized steel strand. The surface of the cable is phosphated and then hot-dip galvanized.

[0122] The waveform damping ring is stamped from a 3mm thick Q235 steel plate (wave height 15mm, wavelength 50mm), and one is installed every 300mm along the cable axis, fixed to the cable by an inner ring clamp. The surface of the damping ring is hot-dip galvanized, and a 0.5mm thick nitrile rubber sheet is pasted on the inside of the waveform. During small earthquakes, energy is dissipated through the elastic deformation of the waveform, and during moderate earthquakes, the waveform undergoes plastic buckling, further dissipating vibration energy.

[0123] A rubber support sleeve 42 is provided on the outside of the spiral steel cable 41; a basalt fiber reinforced composite material sleeve 43 is provided on the outside of the rubber support sleeve 42.

[0124] The rubber support sleeve 42 is made of neoprene rubber extrusion molding, with a spiral groove machined on the inner surface to match the lay length of the spiral steel cable. It is tightly bonded to the steel cable with polyurethane adhesive to prevent relative slippage. The rubber support sleeve 42 has annular reinforcing ribs every 200 mm axially to enhance radial stiffness; it also incorporates 1.5% carbon black and 0.5% antioxidant to improve aging resistance. The basalt fiber reinforced composite sleeve 43 is made of basalt fiber and vinyl ester resin through winding molding, with an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the rubber support sleeve. It employs a circumferential + spiral composite winding process. The basalt fiber reinforced composite sleeve 43 has a thickened design within 50 mm at both ends, with an internal metal ring, bonded to the sleeve with epoxy resin adhesive to improve the force transmission efficiency at the connection node.

[0125] In this technical solution, the buffering and seismic resistance effect is improved by using a spiral steel cable 41, a rubber support sleeve 42, a wave-shaped damping ring, and a basalt fiber reinforced composite material sleeve 43.

[0126] Furthermore, two screw holes 21 are staggered at each of the four corners of the top plate 2; grooves 22 are provided on the upper and lower sides of each of the four corners of the top plate 2, and the grooves 22 correspond to the screw holes 21 respectively.

[0127] The friction buffer uses a metal-rubber composite structure. The core layer is 3mm thick nitrile rubber, and the upper and lower surfaces are 0.5mm thick stainless steel plates, made of 304 stainless steel, with laser-engraved diamond patterns on the surface. The rubber and metal layers are bonded together through a hot vulcanization process. During an earthquake, horizontal vibrations cause relative slippage between adjacent components. The buffer increases frictional resistance through the stainless steel pattern, while the elastic deformation of the rubber layer absorbs some kinetic energy, reducing noise from rigid impacts. When temperature changes cause structural expansion and contraction, the rubber layer can compensate for displacement through slight compression / tension, preventing bolt connections from loosening due to stress accumulation.

[0128] In this technical solution, two adjacent top plates 2 are fixedly connected via bolt holes 21, countersunk grooves 22, and bolt nuts. Friction buffer plates are installed between two adjacent top plates 2 or base 1. This design avoids interference between bolts when adjacent top plates are spliced, and at the same time, it distributes the connection load evenly to the steel plate base layer by distributing the stress points, reducing local stress concentration.

[0129] Furthermore, a monitoring mechanism is installed between the base 1 and the top plate 2. The monitoring mechanism monitors the operation of the seismic building structural components and promptly detects any abnormalities. The monitoring mechanism includes...

[0130] Data collection module: Collects data on earthquake-resistant building structural components (including design drawings and materials), building data, historical earthquake data, and geological data, and annotates the data as a reference sample.

[0131] The design drawings include 3D models of each component, detailed drawings of connection nodes, and seismic verification reports (such as design thresholds for maximum damping force of dampers and breaking force of steel cables).

[0132] Material performance data include Shore hardness of rubber, yield strength of steel, and plastic elongation of lead core.

[0133] Historical databases include.

[0134] Building data: total structural weight, load distribution (live load / dead load), foundation type.

[0135] Historical earthquake data: regional earthquake intensity records and seismic wave spectrum characteristics (peak acceleration, dominant period) over the past fifty years.

[0136] Geological data: characteristic values ​​of foundation bearing capacity, soil type, and groundwater level depth, updated quarterly.

[0137] Data acquisition module: Deploys a high-precision sensor network; collects data on core components and key parts of earthquake-resistant building structures; monitoring indicators include: horizontal / vertical vibration acceleration, overall displacement and structural natural frequency.

[0138] Environmental data acquisition module: Temperature and humidity sensors and corrosion rate sensors are installed inside the protective cover to monitor the aging effects on steel components and rubber.

[0139] Data transmission module: It adopts a hybrid wired and wireless transmission. Key parameters are transmitted to the central control terminal in real time through shielded cables, while secondary parameters are uploaded periodically through LoRa wireless modules, reducing wiring complexity.

[0140] Data Processing Unit: Equipped with an edge computing terminal and a built-in seismic wave recognition algorithm, it can determine earthquake magnitude and automatically switch monitoring frequencies within three seconds. It utilizes an NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX edge terminal, supporting parallel data processing from multiple sensors; a built-in temperature control module ensures stable operation under extreme conditions during earthquakes. It performs seismic wave recognition; based on a CNN convolutional neural network model (training samples ≥ 100,000 seismic wave data points), it extracts waveform features (peak value, period, rise slope), determining earthquake magnitude within three seconds with an accuracy ≥ 95%.

[0141] Comprehensive Assessment Unit: Combining monitoring data from various modules and sensor data, it comprehensively assesses the operation of earthquake-resistant building structural components, accurately identifies abnormal situations, and predicts potential risks.

[0142] Alarm module: Includes an alarm device with three threshold settings. When the monitored value exceeds the warning threshold, it will notify the maintenance personnel through audible and visual alarms and remote push notifications (SMS + APP notifications). When the alarm threshold is reached, it will automatically cut off unnecessary loads to reduce secondary risks.

[0143] Control Center: Network connected to the data collection module, data acquisition module, environmental data acquisition module, data transmission module, data processing unit, comprehensive evaluation unit, and alarm module.

[0144] Furthermore, the data acquisition module collects data from the core components of earthquake-resistant building structures; this includes the following:

[0145] A triaxial accelerometer (using MEMS technology) is installed at the center and four corners of the top plate 2; four sets of laser displacement gauges are symmetrically arranged between the base 1 and the top plate 2 to capture relative displacement in real time. This determines whether the structure has entered the elastoplastic stage and verifies the overall working efficiency of the seismic resistance system.

[0146] For the ball joint support assembly 6, strain gauges are installed at the connecting bolts between the lower ball seat 61 and the base 1 to monitor the vertical bearing capacity of the ball joint; a displacement sensor is embedded in the annular groove of the rotating rod 621 to record the rotation angle and avoid the risk of jamming caused by excessive displacement.

[0147] For the damping and shock absorption mechanism 3, a pressure sensor is built into the piston chamber of the magnetorheological damper 32 to monitor the change of damping force; a fiber optic grating sensor is attached to the surface of the buffer column 33 to measure the rubber shear strain and evaluate the energy dissipation efficiency; and tension sensors are installed at both ends of the nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy spring 34 to track the preload decay.

[0148] For the steel cable assembly 4, a tension sensor is integrated at the anchor position of the spiral steel cable 41 to monitor cable force fluctuations in real time; strain gauges are arranged on the outer surface of the basalt fiber reinforced composite sleeve 43 to monitor circumferential constraint stress and avoid sleeve cracking caused by over-constraint.

[0149] For the support mechanism 5 and the support column 7, a strain sensor is installed at the midpoint of the connecting rod 82 of the polygonal shear frame 8 to capture plastic deformation; a piezoelectric sensor is built into the hexagonal rubber plate to monitor changes in shear modulus; a displacement gauge is implanted at the top of the lead core of the support column 7 to record the amount of plastic compression of the lead core. A wireless torque sensor is installed at the connecting bolt to monitor the loss of preload.

[0150] Furthermore, the comprehensive assessment unit combines monitoring data from various modules and sensor data to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the operation of earthquake-resistant building structural components, accurately identify abnormal situations, and predict potential risks, including the following steps.

[0151] 1. Data Preprocessing: This involves integrating real-time sensor data from the data acquisition module (including horizontal / vertical acceleration, displacement, and natural frequency); integrating temperature, humidity, and corrosion rate data from the environmental data module; accessing baseline data from the data collection module (design thresholds, material performance parameters, historical seismic response records, and geological data); and synchronizing the seismic magnitude assessment results and timestamps from the data processing unit. Data cleaning and standardization are then performed, including: removing sensor outliers and using a moving average method to repair short-term missing values; standardizing data from different units; and aligning data according to spatial dimensions.

[0152] 2. Establish a benchmark system.

[0153] 2.1 Static baseline setting: Based on the design drawing data, establish a component-parameter-threshold mapping table; based on the material performance parameters, set the material aging critical value.

[0154] 2.2. Calibrate the dynamic benchmark: Based on historical earthquake data, establish an earthquake magnitude-structural response correlation model; and revise the benchmark by combining geological data.

[0155] 3. Real-time status assessment.

[0156] 3.1 Single-parameter threshold verification: Compare real-time data with static benchmarks. If the current damping force of the damper is less than the design threshold, it is marked as insufficient damping force. Compare real-time data with dynamic benchmarks. If the current horizontal acceleration is greater than the historical peak average of earthquakes of the same magnitude, it is marked as abnormal response. Perform environmental parameter verification. If the temperature and humidity are greater than the rubber aging acceleration threshold, it is marked as material aging risk.

[0157] 3.2 Multi-parameter collaborative verification: Cross-validation of associated parameters; if the horizontal displacement exceeds the limit and the natural frequency decreases by 5%, combined with insufficient damping force, it is determined to be a decrease in the stiffness of the support structure; the weights are dynamically adjusted based on the earthquake level. During a major earthquake, displacement and damper response are verified first; under normal conditions, the focus is on monitoring cable tension and rubber aging indicators. The multi-parameter collaborative verification model is as follows.

[0158] S=[w1△x / T x +w2△f / f0+w3(1-F current / F design )]+a(△x / T x )(△f / f0)β.

[0159] Β = 1 + 0.01(T-25) + 0.005(H-60); where S is the comprehensive anomaly score, dimensionless, used to quantify the overall anomaly degree of the support structure; a higher score indicates a higher risk. w1, w2, and w3 are the displacement weight, natural frequency weight, and damping force weight, respectively, adaptively adjusted according to the earthquake state; normal state (no earthquake): w1 = 0.3, w2 = 0.4, w3 = 0.3; moderate earthquake state: w1 = 0.4, w2 = 0.2, w3 = 0.4; major earthquake state: w1 = 0.5, w2 = 0.1, w3 = 0.4. Δx is the displacement exceeding the limit (unit: mm), i.e., the deviation between the real-time monitored displacement and the design allowable displacement. T x This is the displacement threshold (unit: mm), the maximum allowable displacement deviation in the design. Δf is the natural frequency drop, i.e., the difference between the initial frequency and the current frequency. f0 is the initial natural frequency, the reference frequency after the structure is installed. F current This is the current damping force, the damper output force monitored in real time. F design This is the design damping force, the rated maximum output of the damper. α is the synergistic amplification factor, dimensionless, used to amplify the combined risk of displacement exceeding limits and natural frequency decrease; its effect is weak when a single parameter is abnormal, but it significantly improves the score when there is a synchronous abnormality. β is the environmental correction factor (dimensionless), reflecting the superimposed effect of temperature and humidity on structural performance. T is the real-time ambient temperature; H is the real-time relative humidity.

[0160] 4. In-depth source tracing of anomalies.

[0161] 4.1 Anomaly Location and Classification: Based on spatially bound data, locate abnormal components; classify them according to anomaly type.

[0162] Structural anomalies (such as excessive displacement or sudden changes in natural frequency, which may be caused by loose connectors or broken steel cables).

[0163] Material abnormalities (such as decreased rubber hardness, steel corrosion, which may be due to environmental aging or fatigue wear).

[0164] Environmentally induced anomalies (such as high temperature causing the performance of magnetorheological fluid to degrade, indirectly leading to a decrease in damping force).

[0165] 4.2 Root cause analysis.

[0166] Access historical maintenance records: If a component's buffer post was replaced three months ago, the current insufficient damping force may be due to the new rubber not reaching its optimal performance, excluding aging.

[0167] Based on geological data: if the groundwater level has risen by 0.5m recently and the foundation settlement monitoring value is greater than 5mm, the abnormal displacement may be related to foundation deformation, rather than a problem with the structure itself.

[0168] Simulation verification: The anomaly is determined by inverting the CNN model of the data processing unit to determine whether it is caused by the special spectrum of seismic waves.

[0169] 5. Risk prediction.

[0170] 5.1 Short-term risk assessment.

[0171] Based on environmental data trends: if the corrosion rate continues to rise, it is predicted by linear fitting that it will reach the critical value of 0.1 mm / year in two months, triggering an early warning for steel corrosion protection and maintenance.

[0172] Based on the degradation trend of structural parameters: if the natural frequency decreases by 0.2Hz per month (the initial design value is 5Hz), it is predicted to drop below the safety threshold after three months, which is judged as a risk of insufficient support stiffness.

[0173] 5.2 Long-term life assessment.

[0174] Constructing a material aging model: Combining temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet radiation, the Arrhenius equation is used to predict the lifespan of rubber.

[0175] Based on earthquake probability: combined with the regional seismic intensity zoning map, it is predicted that if an earthquake of intensity 6 or higher occurs within the next three years, the current damper performance may lead to insufficient energy dissipation, posing a risk of structural damage.

[0176] 6. Assessment Result Output: Generate a comprehensive assessment report, quantifying the output according to component health, risk level, and scope of impact; if the risk level is medium, push the alarm module to trigger an early warning (audio-visual + APP notification); if the risk level is high, link the alarm module to initiate a level 2 response and generate a maintenance plan; long-term risks are synchronized to the building operation and maintenance system and included in the annual overhaul plan.

[0177] This technical solution achieves a three-tiered progression from passively detecting anomalies to proactively predicting failures through real-time data verification benchmarks, anomaly correlation analysis for location, and trend modeling for risk prediction. This ensures that seismic-resistant components are always under control, extends their service life, and reduces the probability of sudden failures.

[0178] Furthermore, the data processing unit performs seismic wave identification, including the following steps.

[0179] 1. Hardware Initialization and Environment Adaptation: Upon launching the NVIDIA Jetson Xavier NX edge computing terminal, the preset system drivers and sensor interface protocols are automatically loaded. The built-in temperature control module is activated, and the cooling fan automatically starts when the temperature exceeds 65 degrees Celsius by monitoring the terminal's core temperature in real time.

[0180] 2. Parallel access of multi-sensor data: Establish a multi-channel data receiving link to receive key parameters such as vibration acceleration and structural displacement through shielded cables, while receiving secondary parameters such as temperature, humidity and corrosion rate through LoRa wireless modules.

[0181] Data offloading processing: The edge terminal has an eight-core CPU and an NVIDIA Volta architecture GPU. It uses multi-threaded parallel technology to allocate key parameters to the GPU for high-speed computing and secondary parameters to the CPU for lightweight processing, thus avoiding data congestion.

[0182] 3. Raw data preprocessing: Preprocess the data, including noise filtering and data standardization.

[0183] Noise filtering: For high-frequency data such as vibration acceleration, wavelet threshold denoising algorithm is used to eliminate environmental interference and preserve the characteristic frequency band of seismic waves.

[0184] Data standardization: Transform sensor data of different magnitudes into feature vectors with uniform dimensions to ensure that the data format input to the model is consistent.

[0185] 4. Seismic wave identification and grade determination.

[0186] 4.1 Constructing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) Model: The pre-trained CNN model is called (the training samples cover 100,000 earthquake wave data of different intensities, including natural earthquakes and artificially simulated earthquake waves). The model includes an input layer, three convolutional layers (extracting local waveform features), two pooling layers (dimensionality reduction and noise reduction), a fully connected layer (feature fusion), and an output layer (earthquake magnitude classification).

[0187] 4.2 Feature Extraction: Key features of seismic waves are automatically extracted through the model, including peak ground acceleration (maximum vibration amplitude), dominant period (vibration period with concentrated energy), and rise slope (vibration intensity growth rate).

[0188] 4.3 Earthquake Severity Determination: The model performs inference calculations on the input preprocessed data and outputs the corresponding earthquake severity level, including micro-earthquakes, minor earthquakes, moderate earthquakes, and major earthquakes. The classification standard refers to the "China Earthquake Intensity Scale".

[0189] 5. Dynamic switching of monitoring frequency: Strategy adjustment based on earthquake level.

[0190] If the earthquake is determined to be non-vibrational / minor, maintain the initial monitoring frequency.

[0191] If the tremor is determined to be minor (0.05g ≤ acceleration < 0.1g), increase the sampling frequency of the key parameters to both sides of the Hz; maintain the secondary parameters at one Hz.

[0192] If the earthquake is determined to be moderate or major, the sampling frequency of key parameters is increased to 500 Hz, and the sampling frequency of secondary parameters is temporarily increased to 10 Hz. Data acquisition is encrypted to capture the structural response during the peak earthquake phase.

[0193] 6. Results Output: Generates earthquake magnitude determination results (including peak ground acceleration, dominant period and other characteristic parameters), which are transmitted to the comprehensive evaluation unit in real time via the internal bus to provide a basis for structural anomaly assessment.

[0194] This invention provides a method for using an earthquake-resistant building structure, comprising the following steps.

[0195] S1. Fix and connect several bases 1 and top plates 2 together.

[0196] S2. The base 1 and the top plate 2 are fixedly connected by the damping and shock absorption mechanism 3, the steel cable assembly 4, the support mechanism 5, the ball joint support assembly 6, the polygonal shear frame 8 and the support column 7 to achieve multiple seismic resistance performance and improve the seismic resistance of the house or building.

[0197] S3. The data collection module of the monitoring agency collects data on earthquake-resistant building structural components, building data, historical earthquake data, and geological data, and annotates the data as reference samples.

[0198] S4. The data acquisition module collects data on the core components and key parts of earthquake-resistant building structures by deploying a high-precision sensor network.

[0199] S5, the environmental data acquisition module monitors the aging of steel components and rubber through temperature and humidity sensors and corrosion rate sensors.

[0200] S6, the data processing unit performs seismic wave identification.

[0201] S7. The comprehensive assessment unit combines monitoring data from various modules and sensor data to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the operation of earthquake-resistant building structural components, accurately identify abnormal situations, and predict potential risks.

[0202] S8. When an abnormal situation or potential risk is detected, the alarm module will issue an alarm in a timely manner.

[0203] The working principle of this invention's earthquake-resistant building structure component is as follows: Several bases 1 and a top plate 2 are fixedly connected together; the bases 1 and top plate 2 are fixedly connected through a damping and shock-absorbing mechanism 3, a steel cable assembly 4, a support mechanism 5, a ball joint support assembly 6, a polygonal shear frame 8, and support columns 7, achieving multiple earthquake-resistant performance and improving the earthquake resistance of the building or structure. A data collection module collects data from the earthquake-resistant building structure component, building data, historical earthquake data, and geological data, and annotates the data as reference samples. A data acquisition module collects data from the core components and key parts of the earthquake-resistant building structure component by deploying a high-precision sensor network; an environmental data acquisition module monitors the aging of steel components and rubber through temperature and humidity sensors and corrosion rate sensors. A data processing unit identifies seismic waves; a comprehensive evaluation unit combines the monitoring data from each module and the sensor data to comprehensively evaluate the operation of the earthquake-resistant building structure component, accurately identify abnormal situations, and predict potential risks. When an abnormal situation or potential risk is detected, an alarm module promptly issues an alarm.

[0204] This invention significantly enhances seismic resilience through the synergistic effect of multiple seismic resistance mechanisms: a multi-dimensional synergy of damping and shock absorption mechanisms, cable assemblies, support mechanisms, spherical hinge support assemblies, and support columns forms an integrated seismic resistance system of flexible buffering, rigid constraint, and intelligent energy dissipation; the spherical hinge support assembly allows for small-angle omnidirectional rotation of the base and top plate, achieving bidirectional buffering in conjunction with upper and lower rubber damping pads, absorbing vertical impact energy; the hexagonal rubber plate and polygonal shear frame of the support mechanism synergistically dissipate energy through rhomboid deformation, increasing the dissipation rate of horizontal seismic forces; the damping and shock absorption mechanism provides graded responses for small, medium, and large earthquakes, and the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy springs can automatically reset after a large earthquake, reducing residual structural deformation; the cable assemblies and support columns form a tension-compression complementary constraint, limiting excessive structural displacement and improving overall lateral stiffness.

[0205] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for using a seismic-resistant building structural component, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Fix several bases and top plates together; S2. The base and top plate are fixedly connected by a damping and shock absorption mechanism, steel cable assembly, support mechanism, ball joint support assembly, polygonal shear frame and support column to achieve multiple seismic resistance performance. S3. The monitoring agency's data collection module collects data on earthquake-resistant building structural components, building data, historical earthquake data, and geological data, and annotates the data; S4. The data acquisition module collects data on the core components and key parts of earthquake-resistant building structural components. S5, Environmental Data Acquisition Module monitors the aging of steel components and rubber; S6. The data processing unit performs seismic wave identification to determine the earthquake situation and magnitude. S7. The comprehensive assessment unit combines monitoring data from various modules and sensor data to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the operation of earthquake-resistant building structural components and predict potential risks. S8. When an abnormal situation or potential risk is detected, the alarm module will issue an alarm in a timely manner. Step S6 includes the following steps: S61, Hardware initialization and environment adaptation; S62, Parallel access of multi-sensor data; S63. Raw data preprocessing: Preprocessing the data, including noise filtering and data standardization; S64. Seismic wave identification and grade determination; S65. Dynamic switching of monitoring frequency: Strategy adjustment based on earthquake magnitude: S66. Output Results: Generate earthquake magnitude determination results and transmit them to the comprehensive evaluation unit in real time via the internal bus; The ball joint support assembly includes a lower ball seat, a spherical swivel, a rotating rod, an upper ball seat, a rotating hole, and a fixed mounting plate. The lower ball seat is detachably and fixedly positioned above the center of the base, and a rubber shock-absorbing pad is provided between the lower ball seat and the base. The upper ball seat is detachably and fixedly mounted on the lower ball seat. A rotating rod is fixedly mounted on the spherical swivel, and a rotating hole is provided on the upper ball seat. The spherical swivel is rotatably positioned between the lower ball seat and the upper ball seat. The rotating rod is movably positioned within the rotating hole. A fixed mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the rotating rod, and the fixed mounting plate is detachably and fixedly mounted on the top plate, with a rubber shock-absorbing pad provided between the fixed mounting plate and the top plate. The polygonal shear frame includes a hexagonal support plate, connecting rods, and corner plates; there are two hexagonal support plates; there are multiple connecting rods and corner plates; multiple connecting rods are connected by corner plates to form a hexagonal shear frame; the upper and lower ends of the shear frame are hinged to the hexagonal support plate; the polygonal shear frame is set inside a hexagonal rubber plate; the hexagonal rubber plate is integrally molded from high-damping nitrile rubber.

2. The method of using the earthquake-resistant building structure component according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S7 includes the following steps: S71. Data Preprocessing: Access data from the data acquisition module and environmental data module; retrieve baseline data from the data collection module; synchronize earthquake magnitude determination results and timestamps; perform data cleaning and standardization. S72. Construct a benchmark system; S73. Real-time status assessment: including single-parameter threshold verification and multi-parameter collaborative verification; S74. In-depth anomaly tracing: including anomaly localization and classification and root cause analysis; S75, Risk Prediction; S76. Assessment Result Output: Generate a comprehensive assessment report, quantifying the output according to component health, risk level, and scope of impact.

3. The method of using the earthquake-resistant building structure component according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S72 includes the following steps: S72.1 Static baseline setting: Based on the design drawing data, establish a mapping table of components, parameters and thresholds; based on the material performance parameters, set the material aging critical value; S72.2, Calibrate the dynamic benchmark: Based on historical earthquake data, establish a correlation model between earthquake magnitude and structural response; and revise the benchmark by combining geological data.

4. The method of using the earthquake-resistant building structure component according to claim 2, characterized in that: Step S 75 includes the following steps: S75.1 Short-term risk assessment: including risk assessment based on environmental data trends and structural parameter degradation trends; S75.2 Long-term life assessment: S75.2.1 Constructing a material aging model: Combining temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet radiation, the Arrhenius equation is used to predict the life of rubber; S75.2.2 Based on earthquake probability: Combine regional seismic intensity zoning maps to predict the structural damage risk within the next three years.

5. The method of using the earthquake-resistant building structure component according to claim 4, characterized in that: Step S64 includes the following steps: S64.1 Constructing a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) model; S64.2 Feature Extraction: Key features of seismic waves are automatically extracted from the model, including peak acceleration, dominant period, and rise slope; S64.3, Grade Determination: The model performs inference calculations on the input preprocessed data and outputs the corresponding earthquake grade.

6. The method of using the earthquake-resistant building structure component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The damping and shock absorption mechanism includes a cross-shaped universal joint, a magnetorheological damper, a buffer column, and a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy spring; The fixed end of the magnetorheological damper is detachably and fixedly equipped with a cross-shaft universal joint; a buffer column is fixedly installed on the movable rod of the magnetorheological damper; the buffer column is made of rubber material; a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy spring is sleeved on the outside of the buffer column; a cross-shaft universal joint is detachably and fixedly installed on the other end of the buffer column; the upper and lower cross-shaft universal joints are detachably and fixedly connected to the base and the top plate, respectively.

7. The method of using the earthquake-resistant building structure component according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support column is made of rubber material with a lead core embedded inside, and a steel core rope is embedded inside the lead core; the outer rubber matrix of the support column is made of high-damping EPDM rubber, with graphene nanosheets and carbon black added to the rubber matrix, and vulcanized at 160 degrees Celsius; the outer layer of the support column is wrapped with two layers of basalt fiber cloth. The cable assembly includes a helical cable, a rubber support sleeve, and a basalt fiber reinforced composite material sleeve. Multiple wave-shaped damping rings are installed on the helical cable, which are made of Q235 steel and hot-dip galvanized. The helical cable uses high-strength galvanized steel strand. The cable surface is phosphated and then hot-dip galvanized. A rubber support sleeve is installed on the outside of the helical cable. A basalt fiber reinforced composite material sleeve is installed on the outside of the rubber support sleeve.

8. The method of using the earthquake-resistant building structure component according to claim 1, characterized in that: A monitoring mechanism is installed between the base and the top plate. The monitoring mechanism includes: Data collection module: Collects data on earthquake-resistant building structural components, building data, historical earthquake data, and geological data, and annotates the data as a reference sample; Data acquisition module: Deploys a high-precision sensor network; collects data on core components and key parts of earthquake-resistant building structures; Environmental data acquisition module: Temperature and humidity sensors and corrosion rate sensors are installed inside the protective cover to monitor the aging effects on steel components and rubber. Data transmission module: Employs a hybrid wired and wireless transmission approach; Data processing unit: Equipped with an edge computing terminal, with a built-in seismic wave identification algorithm to determine the earthquake magnitude and automatically switch the monitoring frequency; Comprehensive assessment unit: Combining monitoring data from various modules and sensor data, it comprehensively assesses the operation of earthquake-resistant building structural components and predicts potential risks; Alarm module: includes the alarm device; Control Center: Network connected to the data collection module, data acquisition module, environmental data acquisition module, data transmission module, data processing unit, comprehensive evaluation unit, and alarm module.

9. A seismic-resistant building structural component employing the method of using any one of the seismic-resistant building structural components according to claims 1-8, comprising: The base, top plate, damping and shock absorption mechanism, steel cable assembly, support mechanism, ball joint support assembly, and support column are characterized by: A ball joint support assembly is detachably fixed at the center position between the base and the top plate; A damping and shock absorption mechanism and a steel cable assembly are detachably fixed around the base and the top plate; A support mechanism is detachably fixed between the base and the top plate; the support mechanism includes a hexagonal rubber plate, in which a multi-sided shear frame is embedded; multiple support columns are detachably fixed inside the support mechanism between the base and the top plate. Several earthquake-resistant building structural components are detachably and fixedly connected to form a large-area base, which effectively supports the house or building.

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