A high-flux reverse osmosis membrane, its preparation method and application

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of membrane separation technology, specifically to a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane, its preparation method, and its applications. The invention involves sequentially contacting a porous base membrane with an aqueous solution and an organic solution via interfacial polymerization to form a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane. The organic phase solution comprises a polyacrylamide monomer, a co-solvent, and an alkane solvent. The co-solvent is one or more compounds containing both a single ester functional group and a single ether functional group. The use of this specific co-solvent allows for increased water transport channels and reduced water transport resistance while maintaining a high desalination rate, thereby significantly improving the water flux of the reverse osmosis membrane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of membrane separation technology, specifically to a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane, its preparation method, and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, reverse osmosis membranes are widely used in water treatment and seawater desalination. For reverse osmosis membranes, increasing the permeate flux while maintaining a high desalination rate has always been a research hotspot and direction in this field. A typical reverse osmosis membrane structure consists of a bottom layer of polyester nonwoven fabric, a middle layer of polysulfone ultrafiltration membrane, and an upper separation layer.

[0003] Currently, polyamide composite membranes prepared by interfacial polymerization using polyacrylamide chlorides as organic monomers and polyamines as aqueous monomers are the most commonly used reverse osmosis membranes. When preparing the polyamide functional layer through interfacial polymerization, non-polar solvents such as n-hexane are often used as the oil phase solvent. On the one hand, n-hexane is immiscible with water, forming a stable two-phase system that provides a clear reaction interface for the polymerization reaction. On the other hand, n-hexane can effectively dissolve oil phase monomers (such as benzoyl chloride), ensuring sufficient dispersion and reactivity of the monomers. However, non-polar solvents have limited solubility for polyacrylamide chlorides (such as terephthaloyl chloride and isophthaloyl chloride), resulting in insufficient monomer concentration in the oil phase and making it difficult to obtain high-flux reverse osmosis membranes.

[0004] Existing technologies often use co-solvents, such as ethyl acetate, γ-valerol, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl formate, acetone, and diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, as co-solvents to increase the solubility of acyl chloride monomers in the oil phase, promote the diffusion of polyamine monomers into the organic phase, and improve the interfacial morphology during interfacial polymerization reactions, thereby increasing the water flux of the membrane (e.g., CN114950165A, CN111569675A, CN105169971A, CN101524626A, CN115318110A). However, the above solvent systems have limited effect on increasing the flux of reverse osmosis membranes, and further increasing the flux leads to a significant decrease in desalination rate. Although both ethers and esters can be used as oil phase additives, when they are used in combination, the difference in polarity and solubility of esters and ethers in oil phase monomer molecules leads to instability of the solvent system. During interfacial polymerization, a stable interfacial layer cannot be formed, and the mixed solvent has a certain swelling effect on the base membrane, making it impossible to obtain a high-performance reverse osmosis membrane.

[0005] To significantly increase the water flux of reverse osmosis membranes while maintaining their high desalination rate, it is necessary to further optimize the preparation method of reverse osmosis membranes. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The primary objective of this invention is to provide a method for preparing a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane that is simple, low-cost, and easy to mass-produce.

[0007] The second objective of this invention is to provide a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane that can significantly increase the water flux of the reverse osmosis membrane while maintaining a high desalination rate.

[0008] The third objective of this invention is to provide an application of a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane, which has broad application prospects.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0010] A method for preparing a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane involves sequentially contacting a porous base membrane with an aqueous phase solution and an organic phase solution to form a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane via interfacial polymerization. The organic phase solution comprises a polyacrylamide monomer, a co-solvent, and an alkane solvent. The co-solvent is one or more compounds that simultaneously contain a single ester functional group and a single ether functional group.

[0011] Preferably, the co-solvent is selected from ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol methyl ether propionate, ethylene glycol methyl ether butyrate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether propionate, 2-ethoxyethyl isobutyrate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether valerate, ethylene glycol propyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol propyl ether propionate, ethylene glycol propyl ether butyrate, ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol butyl ether propionate, ethylene glycol butyl ether butyrate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether propionate, propylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, etc. One or more of the following: glycol ethyl ether propionate, propylene glycol propyl ether acetate, propylene glycol propyl ether propionate, propylene glycol butyl ether acetate, propylene glycol butyl ether propionate, butylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, pentanediol ethyl ether acetate, hexanediol ethyl ether acetate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, propyl 3-ethoxypropionate, propyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, ethyl 4-methoxybutyrate, ethyl 4-ethoxybutyrate, propyl 4-methoxybutyrate, and propyl 4-ethoxybutyrate. It is worth noting here that ether ester cosolvents containing three or more functional groups include diethylene glycol methyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol methyl ether propionate, diethylene glycol methyl ether butyrate, diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol ethyl ether propionate, diethylene glycol ethyl ether butyrate, diethylene glycol propyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol propyl ether propionate, diethylene glycol propyl ether butyrate, diethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol butyl ether propionate, diethylene glycol butyl ether butyrate, diethylene glycol pentyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol hexyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol methyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol dicarboxylate, diethylene glycol diacetate, diethylene glycol dibutyrate, and triethylene glycol diacetate. While these cosolvents can improve reverse osmosis membrane flux as oil-phase cosolvents, their high hydrophilicity can easily disrupt the oil-water interface, leading to a decrease in reverse osmosis membrane rejection.

[0012] Preferably, the concentration of the co-solvent in the organic phase solution is 0.01-50 wt%.

[0013] Preferably, the concentration of the polyacrylamide chloride monomer in the organic phase solution is 0.01-5 wt%; the polyacrylamide chloride monomer is selected from one or more of the following: trimesoyl chloride, terephthaloyl chloride, isophthaloyl chloride, biphenyl dicarboxylate chloride, biphenyl tricarboxylate chloride, biphenyl tetracarboxylate chloride, naphthalene dicarboxylate chloride, naphthalene tricarboxylate chloride, naphthalene tetracarboxylate chloride, malonyl chloride, succinicoyl chloride, glutaryl chloride, and adipyl chloride.

[0014] Preferably, the alkane solvent is selected from one or more of hexaane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, IsoparC, IsoparE, IsoparG, IsoparH, IsoparL, and IsoparM.

[0015] Preferably, the aqueous solution comprises a polyamine monomer and water; the concentration of the polyamine monomer in the aqueous solution is 0.5-10 wt%; the polyamine monomer is selected from one or more of o-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, 1,3,5-triaminobenzene, diaminotoluene, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, butanediamine, diaminocyclohexane, and piperazine.

[0016] Preferably, the contact time between the porous base membrane surface and the aqueous solution is 1-300 s; the contact time between the porous base membrane surface and the organic solution is 1-300 s.

[0017] Preferably, the porous base membrane is made of one of the following materials: polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyimide, polyetherimide, polyacrylonitrile, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetherketone, and polyaryletherketone.

[0018] A high-flux reverse osmosis membrane is prepared using the above-described preparation method.

[0019] The above-mentioned high-flux reverse osmosis membranes are used in the field of water treatment.

[0020] The beneficial technical effects of this invention are as follows:

[0021] First, this invention adds a co-solvent containing both a single ester functional group and a single ether functional group to the organic phase solution necessary for interfacial polymerization. This co-solvent, used in conjunction with alkanes, ensures solubility of the oil phase monomers, promotes interfacial layer formation, and avoids the instability of the solvent system when multiple solvents (such as n-hexane + ether + ester solvents) are mixed. Furthermore, the polarity of the co-solvent is similar to that of the polyacrylamide chloride, avoiding the swelling effect of the solvent system on the membrane. Both ether and ester functional groups are hydrophilic; to maintain a more stable water-oil interface, ether-ester co-solvents with a single ether or ester functional group are superior to other co-solvents containing both ether and ester functional groups. The use of this specific co-solvent helps to increase water transport channels and reduce water transport resistance while maintaining a high desalination rate, thereby significantly improving the water flux of the reverse osmosis membrane.

[0022] Secondly, the reverse osmosis membrane obtained by this invention has excellent water flux and desalination rate, with the preferred reverse osmosis membrane having a water flux of up to 71 L·m -2 ·h -1 The desalination rate reached 99.7%.

[0023] In addition, the preparation method of the high-flux reverse osmosis membrane of the present invention is simple, requiring only the addition of a co-solvent to the oil phase, resulting in low cost and ease of large-scale production. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 These are scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the reverse osmosis membrane surfaces obtained in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5, with a magnification of 50,000; where AF are SEM images of the reverse osmosis membrane surfaces obtained in Examples 1-6, and GK are SEM images of the reverse osmosis membrane surfaces obtained in Comparative Examples 1-5. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following is a further detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with specific preferred embodiments, and it should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For those skilled in the art, various simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all such modifications and substitutions should be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Specific conditions not specified in the embodiments are performed according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise specified, all reagents or instruments used are conventional products obtained through commercial channels.

[0026] Example

[0027] Example 1

[0028] This embodiment provides a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane, the specific preparation process of which is as follows:

[0029] (1) Preparation of aqueous solution

[0030] m-phenylenediamine, camphor sulfonic acid, and triethylamine were added sequentially to deionized water to prepare a homogeneous and transparent aqueous solution. The concentrations of each component in the aqueous solution were as follows: 3.2 wt% m-phenylenediamine, 3 wt% camphor sulfonic acid, and 2 wt% triethylamine.

[0031] (2) Preparation of organic phase solution

[0032] Tristyroyl chloride and 2-ethoxyethyl isobutyrate were added to Isopar G organic solvent to prepare a homogeneous and transparent organic phase solution. The concentrations of each component in the organic phase solution were as follows: 0.2 wt% tristyroyl chloride and 1 wt% 2-ethoxyethyl isobutyrate.

[0033] (3) Contact the surface of the polysulfone membrane with the aqueous solution prepared in step (1) for 10s, remove the excess aqueous solution on the surface, and contact the membrane layer formed by the aqueous solution with the organic solution prepared in step (2) to undergo interfacial polymerization reaction for 10s. After the reaction is completed, remove the excess organic solution on the surface to obtain the nascent reverse osmosis membrane.

[0034] (4) Heat-treat the nascent reverse osmosis membrane in a 90℃ oven for 6 minutes.

[0035] Example 2

[0036] This embodiment provides a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane, the specific preparation process of which is as follows:

[0037] (1) Preparation of aqueous solution

[0038] m-phenylenediamine, camphor sulfonic acid, and triethylamine were added sequentially to deionized water to prepare a homogeneous and transparent aqueous solution. The concentrations of each component in the aqueous solution were as follows: 3.2 wt% m-phenylenediamine, 3 wt% camphor sulfonic acid, and 2 wt% triethylamine.

[0039] (2) Preparation of organic phase solution

[0040] Tristyroyl chloride and ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate were added to decane organic solvent to prepare a homogeneous and transparent organic phase solution. The concentrations of each component in the organic phase solution were as follows: 0.2 wt% tristyroyl chloride and 0.2 wt% ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate.

[0041] (3) Contact the surface of the polysulfone membrane with the aqueous solution prepared in step (1) for 20s, remove the excess aqueous solution on the surface, and contact the membrane layer formed by the aqueous solution with the organic solution prepared in step (2) to undergo interfacial polymerization reaction for 10s. After the reaction is completed, remove the excess organic solution on the surface to obtain the nascent reverse osmosis membrane.

[0042] (4) Heat-treat the nascent reverse osmosis membrane in a 90℃ oven for 6 minutes.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] This embodiment provides a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane, the specific preparation process of which is as follows:

[0045] (1) Preparation of aqueous solution

[0046] m-phenylenediamine, camphor sulfonic acid, and triethylamine were added sequentially to deionized water to prepare a homogeneous and transparent aqueous solution. The concentrations of each component in the aqueous solution were as follows: 3.2 wt% m-phenylenediamine, 3 wt% camphor sulfonic acid, and 2 wt% triethylamine.

[0047] (2) Preparation of organic phase solution

[0048] Tristyroyl chloride and ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate were added to decane organic solvent to prepare a homogeneous and transparent organic phase solution. The concentrations of each component in the organic phase solution were as follows: 0.2 wt% tristyroyl chloride and 0.5 wt% ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate.

[0049] (3) Contact the surface of the polysulfone membrane with the aqueous solution prepared in step (1) for 20s, remove the excess aqueous solution on the surface, and contact the membrane layer formed by the aqueous solution with the organic solution prepared in step (2) to undergo interfacial polymerization reaction for 10s. After the reaction is completed, remove the excess organic solution on the surface to obtain the nascent reverse osmosis membrane.

[0050] (4) Heat-treat the nascent reverse osmosis membrane in a 90℃ oven for 6 minutes.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] This embodiment provides a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane, the specific preparation process of which is as follows:

[0053] (1) Preparation of aqueous solution

[0054] Diaminotoluene, camphor sulfonic acid, and triethylamine were added sequentially to deionized water to prepare a homogeneous and transparent aqueous solution. The concentrations of each component in the aqueous solution were as follows: 1 wt% diaminotoluene, 3 wt% camphor sulfonic acid, and 2 wt% triethylamine.

[0055] (2) Preparation of organic phase solution

[0056] Naphthalene dicarboxylate chloride and ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate were added to Isopar M organic solvent to prepare a homogeneous and transparent organic phase solution. The concentrations of each component in the organic phase solution were as follows: 3 wt% naphthalene dicarboxylate chloride and 3 wt% ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate.

[0057] (3) Contact the surface of the polysulfone membrane with the aqueous solution prepared in step (1) for 100s, remove the excess aqueous solution on the surface, and contact the membrane layer formed by the aqueous solution with the organic solution prepared in step (2) to undergo interfacial polymerization reaction for 100s. After the reaction is completed, remove the excess organic solution on the surface to obtain the nascent reverse osmosis membrane.

[0058] (4) Heat-treat the nascent reverse osmosis membrane in an oven at 110°C for 4 minutes.

[0059] Example 5

[0060] This embodiment provides a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane, the specific preparation process of which is as follows:

[0061] (1) Preparation of aqueous solution

[0062] m-phenylenediamine, camphor sulfonic acid, and triethylamine were added sequentially to deionized water to prepare a homogeneous and transparent aqueous solution. The concentrations of each component in the aqueous solution were as follows: 5 wt% m-phenylenediamine, 3 wt% camphor sulfonic acid, and 2 wt% triethylamine.

[0063] (2) Preparation of organic phase solution

[0064] Isophthaloyl chloride and ethylene glycol butyl ether butyrate were added to Isopar C organic solvent to prepare a homogeneous and transparent organic phase solution. The concentrations of each component in the organic phase solution were as follows: 5 wt% isophthaloyl chloride and 10 wt% ethylene glycol butyl ether butyrate.

[0065] (3) Contact the surface of the polysulfone membrane with the aqueous solution prepared in step (1) for 200s, remove the excess aqueous solution on the surface, and contact the membrane layer formed by the aqueous solution with the organic solution prepared in step (2) to undergo interfacial polymerization reaction for 200s. After the reaction is completed, remove the excess organic solution on the surface to obtain the nascent reverse osmosis membrane.

[0066] (4) Heat-treat the nascent reverse osmosis membrane in an oven at 130°C for 1 minute.

[0067] Example 6

[0068] This embodiment provides a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane, the specific preparation process of which is as follows:

[0069] (1) Preparation of aqueous solution

[0070] p-phenylenediamine, camphor sulfonic acid, and triethylamine were added sequentially to deionized water to prepare a homogeneous and transparent aqueous solution. The concentrations of each component in the aqueous solution were as follows: 5 wt% p-phenylenediamine, 3 wt% camphor sulfonic acid, and 2 wt% triethylamine.

[0071] (2) Preparation of organic phase solution

[0072] Tristyroyl chloride and ethyl 3-methoxypropionate were added to Isopar C organic solvent to prepare a homogeneous and transparent organic phase solution. The concentrations of each component in the organic phase solution were as follows: 5 wt% tristyroyl chloride and 7 wt% ethyl 3-methoxypropionate.

[0073] (3) Contact the surface of the polysulfone membrane with the aqueous solution prepared in step (1) for 10s, remove the excess aqueous solution on the surface, and contact the membrane layer formed by the aqueous solution with the organic solution prepared in step (2) to undergo interfacial polymerization reaction for 300s. After the reaction is completed, remove the excess organic solution on the surface to obtain the nascent reverse osmosis membrane.

[0074] (4) Heat-treat the nascent reverse osmosis membrane in an oven at 150°C for 0.5 min.

[0075] Comparative Example 1

[0076] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that 2-ethoxyethyl isobutyrate was not added to the organic phase solution, while all other aspects remained the same as in Example 1.

[0077] Comparative Example 2

[0078] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the co-solvent in the organic phase solution is 1 wt% methyl isobutyrate, while the rest are the same as in Example 1.

[0079] Comparative Example 3

[0080] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the co-solvent in the organic phase solution is 1 wt% diethyl ether, while the rest are the same as in Example 1.

[0081] Comparative Example 4

[0082] The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the co-solvent in the organic phase solution is 0.42 wt% diethyl ether and 0.58 wt% methyl isobutyrate, while the rest are the same as in Example 1.

[0083] Comparative Example 5

[0084] The difference between this comparative example and Example 3 is that the co-solvent in the organic phase solution is 0.5 wt% diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, while the rest are the same as in Example 3.

[0085] Test Example 1

[0086] The performance of the reverse osmosis membranes obtained in all examples and comparative examples was tested. In this experiment, a cross-flow filtration device was used to test the water flux and desalination rate of the reverse osmosis membranes. The effective membrane area of ​​a single rectangular test unit was 42 cm². A sodium chloride solution with a mass concentration of 32 g / L (3.2 wt%) was used as the feed liquid, and the feed liquid temperature was controlled at 25.0 ± 0.2 °C. After a 3-hour pre-compression treatment at an operating pressure of 800 psi (5.5 MPa), filtrate was collected for 30 minutes. The volume of filtrate produced per unit time and per unit membrane area was defined as the water flux (LMH). The desalination rate (%) was calculated as (feed liquid conductivity - filtrate conductivity) / feed liquid conductivity × 100%. The results of the water flux and desalination rate for each reverse osmosis membrane are shown in Table 1.

[0087] Table 1. Performance test results of reverse osmosis membranes in different embodiments and comparative examples.

[0088]

[0089] As shown in Table 1, the reverse osmosis membrane obtained by this invention has excellent permeability and selectivity, with water flux exceeding 50 L·m⁻¹. -2 ·h -1 The desalination rate is higher than 99.4%. Compared with the reverse osmosis membranes obtained by adding no ether ester solvents to the organic phase in Comparative Example 1, adding only methyl isobutyrate (an ester solvent) to the organic phase in Comparative Example 2, adding only diethyl ether (an ether solvent) to the organic phase in Comparative Example 3, or adding both diethyl ether and methyl isobutyrate to the organic phase in Comparative Example 4, the reverse osmosis membrane obtained by adding 2-ethoxyethyl isobutyrate to the organic phase in Example 1 of this invention can significantly increase the water flux of the reverse osmosis membrane while maintaining a high desalination rate. Compared with the addition of diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate to the organic phase in Comparative Example 5, the reverse osmosis membrane obtained by adding ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate to the organic phase in Example 3 of this invention can maintain an even higher desalination rate.

[0090] Test Example 2

[0091] The surfaces of the reverse osmosis membranes obtained in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5 were observed using a scanning electron microscope. The results are shown in [reference needed]. Figure 1 .

[0092] Figure 1 These are scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the reverse osmosis membrane surfaces obtained in Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-5, at a magnification of 50,000; where AF are SEM images of the reverse osmosis membrane surfaces obtained in Examples 1-6, and GK are SEM images of the reverse osmosis membrane surfaces obtained in Comparative Examples 1-5. Observation Figure 1 As shown in Figure G, the reverse osmosis membrane obtained in Comparative Example 1 without the addition of a co-solvent exhibits a typical small "nodular" structure on its surface. (Observation...) Figure 1As can be seen from the AF, the reverse osmosis membranes obtained by using ether ester co-solvents in the organic phase of Examples 1-6 showed more "blade"-like structures on their surface.

[0093] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. The basic principles and main features of the present invention have been described above with specific implementation schemes. Based on the present invention, some modifications or substitutions can be made, but these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane, comprising sequentially contacting a porous base membrane with an aqueous phase solution and an organic phase solution for interfacial polymerization to form a polyamide reverse osmosis membrane, characterized in that, The organic phase solution comprises a polyacrylamide monomer, a co-solvent, and an alkane solvent, wherein the co-solvent is one or more compounds containing both a single ester functional group and a single ether functional group.

2. The method for preparing a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The co-solvent is selected from ethylene glycol methyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol methyl ether propionate, ethylene glycol methyl ether butyrate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether propionate, 2-ethoxyethyl isobutyrate, ethylene glycol ethyl ether valerate, ethylene glycol propyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol propyl ether propionate, ethylene glycol propyl ether butyrate, ethylene glycol butyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol butyl ether propionate, ethylene glycol butyl ether butyrate, propylene glycol methyl ether acetate, propylene glycol methyl ether propionate, propylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, and propylene glycol. One or more of the following: diethyl ether propionate, propylene glycol propyl ether acetate, propylene glycol propyl ether propionate, propylene glycol butyl ether acetate, propylene glycol butyl ether propionate, butylene glycol diethyl ether acetate, pentanediol diethyl ether acetate, hexanediol diethyl ether acetate, ethyl 3-methoxypropionate, propyl 3-ethoxypropionate, propyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, ethyl 4-methoxybutyrate, ethyl 4-ethoxybutyrate, propyl 4-methoxybutyrate, and propyl 4-ethoxybutyrate.

3. The method for preparing a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the co-solvent in the organic phase solution is 0.01-50 wt%.

4. The method for preparing a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the polyacrylamide chloride monomer in the organic phase solution is 0.01-5 wt%; the polyacrylamide chloride monomer is selected from one or more of the following: pyromellitic terephthaloyl chloride, isophthaloyl chloride, biphenyl dicarboxylate chloride, biphenyl tricarboxylate chloride, biphenyl tetracarboxylate chloride, naphthalene dicarboxylate chloride, naphthalene tricarboxylate chloride, naphthalene tetracarboxylate chloride, malonyl chloride, succinic acid chloride, glutaryl chloride, and adipyl chloride.

5. The method for preparing a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The alkane solvent is selected from one or more of hexaane, heptane, octane, nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, Isopar C, Isopar E, Isopar G, Isopar H, Isopar L, and Isopar M.

6. The method for preparing a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aqueous solution comprises a polyamine monomer and water; the concentration of the polyamine monomer in the aqueous solution is 0.5-10 wt%; the polyamine monomer is selected from one or more of o-phenylenediamine, m-phenylenediamine, p-phenylenediamine, 1,3,5-triaminobenzene, diaminotoluene, ethylenediamine, propylenediamine, butanediamine, diaminocyclohexane, and piperazine.

7. The method for preparing a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The contact time between the porous base membrane surface and the aqueous solution is 1-300s; the contact time between the porous base membrane surface and the organic solution is 1-300s.

8. The method for preparing a high-flux reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 1, characterized in that, The porous base membrane is made of one of the following materials: polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyimide, polyetherimide, polyacrylonitrile, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetherketone, and polyaryletherketone.

9. A high-flux reverse osmosis membrane, characterized in that, It is prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1-8.

10. The application of the high-flux reverse osmosis membrane according to claim 9 in the field of water treatment.

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