Control method, device and medium for electrically heated pyrolysis furnace, electrically heated pyrolysis furnace

Abstract

The application discloses a control method and device of an electric heating pyrolysis furnace, a medium and the electric heating pyrolysis furnace. The electric heating pyrolysis furnace is provided with a heat storage module on the side wall of the furnace chamber. The heat storage module is made of a ceramic heat storage material. The control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace comprises the following steps: dynamically acquiring the current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace; in the case that the fluctuation value of the current power is greater than the preset power fluctuation value threshold, determining the target feeding rate of the reactants in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to the difference between the current furnace temperature of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and the preset furnace temperature and the current residual heat of the heat storage module; and controlling the electric heating pyrolysis furnace to feed based on the target feeding rate. The application realizes that the electric heating pyrolysis furnace can maintain normal reaction even in the case of temperature fluctuation in the pyrolysis process based on the ceramic heat storage material.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of thermal storage material energy sources, and particularly relates to a control method, device and medium of an electric heating pyrolysis furnace and the electric heating pyrolysis furnace. BACKGROUND

[0002] The electric heating pyrolysis technology is a kind of thermochemical conversion technology widely applied in the fields of solid waste, sludge, biomass and the like, and can realize efficient pyrolysis of materials through external power supply to generate biochar, oil and gas products with economic value. The conventional electric heating pyrolysis furnace mainly adopts resistance or induction heating. When fluctuating renewable energy such as abandoned wind or abandoned light is used as the power source, the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is obviously affected by unstable power input, which can easily lead to unstable temperature in the furnace, reduced pyrolysis reaction efficiency and difficultly guaranteed product quality. The conventional electric heating pyrolysis furnace can improve temperature fluctuation by adjusting power in the case of power fluctuation, but at least part of the product quality will be affected in the process of power adjustment. SUMMARY

[0003] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a control method of an electric heating pyrolysis furnace, an electric heating pyrolysis furnace, a device and a medium, and to solve the technical problem that the conventional electric heating pyrolysis furnace cannot effectively adapt to power fluctuation in the pyrolysis process, thereby affecting the product quality.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides a control method of an electric heating pyrolysis furnace, a side wall of a furnace chamber of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is provided with a heat storage module, the heat storage module is made of ceramic heat storage material, and the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace comprises the following steps:

[0005] Dynamically acquiring a current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace;

[0006] In the case that a fluctuation value of the current power is greater than a preset power fluctuation threshold value, determining a target feeding rate of a reactant in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to a difference between a current furnace temperature of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and a preset furnace temperature and a current residual heat of the heat storage module;

[0007] Controlling the electric heating pyrolysis furnace to feed based on the target feeding rate.

[0008] In a feasible embodiment, the step of determining the target feeding rate of the reactant in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to the difference between the current furnace temperature of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and the preset furnace temperature and the current residual heat of the heat storage module comprises:

[0009] Constructing a feeding rate calculation model based on a preset residual heat of the heat storage module, a low calorific value of a preset reactant and a thermal conductivity of the preset reactant;

[0010] According to the difference between the current furnace temperature of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and the preset furnace temperature, the current residual heat of the heat storage module, and the feed rate calculation model, the target feed rate is determined.

[0011] In a feasible embodiment, before the step of dynamically acquiring the current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, it further includes:

[0012] A prediction model is constructed based on historical power data of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace;

[0013] According to the prediction model, the preset power fluctuation value threshold is determined.

[0014] In a feasible embodiment, after the step of dynamically acquiring the current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, it further includes:

[0015] In the case where the fluctuation value of the current power is a positive fluctuation value, the current power is reduced;

[0016] In the case where the fluctuation value of the current power is a negative fluctuation value, the current power is increased.

[0017] In a feasible embodiment, the ceramic heat storage material includes at least one of alumina, zirconia, and silicon nitride.

[0018] In a feasible embodiment, the heat storage module includes at least one heat storage unit, and before the step of dynamically acquiring the current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, it further includes:

[0019] According to the specific heat capacity of the ceramic heat storage material and the preset target sensible heat storage of the heat storage module, the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material is determined;

[0020] According to the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material and the preset mass of the heat storage unit, the number of heat storage units is determined;

[0021] According to the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material and the number of heat storage units, the ceramic heat storage material is made into the heat storage module.

[0022] In a feasible embodiment, before the step of determining the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material according to the specific heat capacity of the ceramic heat storage material and the preset target sensible heat storage of the heat storage module, it further includes:

[0023] According to the fluctuation amplitude of the power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace within a single fluctuation period, the missing heat of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is determined;

[0024] According to the unit heat demand of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and the yield of the target reaction, the required heat of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is determined;

[0025] determine a fluctuation amount of heat in a single fluctuation period according to the missing heat of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace in the single fluctuation period and the required heat of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace;

[0026] determine a target sensible heat storage of a preset heat storage module according to the fluctuation amount, wherein the target sensible heat storage is greater than the fluctuation amount.

[0027] Embodiments of the present application provide an electric heating pyrolysis furnace, which is applied to the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, wherein the electric heating pyrolysis furnace comprises a hearth and a side wall, the heat storage module is installed on the side wall of the hearth, the heat storage modules are uniformly distributed along the side wall, and the heat storage modules are made of ceramic heat storage materials.

[0028] In an available embodiment, the ceramic heat storage materials comprise at least one of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide and silicon nitride.

[0029] And / or, a coverage of the heat storage modules on the side wall of the hearth meets a preset coverage range.

[0030] And / or, a volume proportion of the heat storage modules meets a preset volume proportion range of the hearth.

[0031] Embodiments of the present application provide a control device, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and the computer program is configured to implement the steps of the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace.

[0032] Embodiments of the present application provide a computer readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and the computer program is executable on a processor to implement the steps of the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace.

[0033] The embodiment of the present application provides a control method of an electric heating pyrolysis furnace, a side wall of a hearth of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is provided with a heat storage module, the heat storage module is made of ceramic heat storage material, the ceramic heat storage material has good heat storage performance, and when power fluctuation of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace leads to power change, the heat storage module can play a buffering role. When the power is increased, the heat storage module can absorb the excess heat for storage; when the power is reduced, the heat storage module can release the stored heat, thereby maintaining the stability of the reaction temperature of reactants in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace. Meanwhile, the embodiment of the present application realizes real-time monitoring of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace by dynamically obtaining the current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, in the case that the absolute value of the fluctuation value of the current power is greater than the preset power fluctuation value threshold, it is indicated that the power fluctuation has reached a degree that may affect the pyrolysis process, the electric heating pyrolysis furnace determines the target feeding rate of the reactants in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to the current furnace temperature difference value and the current residual heat of the heat storage module, so that the target feeding rate of the reactants in the furnace matches the current temperature in the furnace, and the electric heating pyrolysis furnace controls feeding based on the target feeding rate. When the power fluctuation of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace leads to unstable power, the pyrolysis process of the reactants in the furnace will be affected due to the change of the temperature, in the case that the temperature in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is increased, the target feeding rate of the reactants in the furnace is increased, and the time of the reactants in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is shortened, so that the reactants in the furnace can be fully reacted at a higher reaction temperature, and excessive heating of the products is avoided; in the case that the temperature in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is reduced, the target feeding rate of the reactants in the furnace is reduced, and the time of the reactants in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is prolonged, so that the reactants in the furnace can obtain sufficient heat for full reaction at the current temperature in the furnace, and the normal progress of the pyrolysis reaction and the stability of the product quality are ensured. The embodiment of the present application is based on the ceramic heat storage material, and combines the multi-parameter setting of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, so that when the power fluctuation occurs in the pyrolysis process of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, the electric heating pyrolysis furnace can maintain the normal progress of the pyrolysis reaction in the furnace, so that the product quality is stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings incorporated into the specification and constituting a part of the specification show embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the present application.

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows, and obviously, other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 The flowchart provided by the embodiment of the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace of the present application is shown in the figure;

[0037] Figure 2Logic diagram of the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure One ;

[0038] Figure 3 Logic diagram of the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure Two ;

[0039] Figure 4 Logic diagram of the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure Three ;

[0040] Figure 5 Heat storage and release curve of the ceramic heat storage material provided by an embodiment of the present application

[0041] Figure 6 Electric heating pyrolysis furnace provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure One ;

[0042] Figure 7 Electric heating pyrolysis furnace provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure Two ;

[0043] Figure 8 Structure diagram of the electronic device involved in the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace of the present application.

[0044] Explanation of the reference signs:

[0045] 10, furnace shell; 20, furnace chamber; 30, heat storage module

[0046] 301, heat storage unit; 40, electric heating wire

[0047] The purposes, functional features and advantages of the present application will be further explained in combination with the embodiments and with reference to the drawings. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the technical solutions of the present application, and are not used to limit the present application.

[0049] In order to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the following will be described in detail in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0050] The main solution of the embodiment of the application is that a heat storage module is arranged on the side wall of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, the heat storage module is made of ceramic heat storage material, and the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace comprises the following steps: dynamically obtaining a current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace; in the case that an absolute value of a fluctuation value of the current power is greater than a preset power fluctuation value threshold, determining a target feeding rate of reactants in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to a current temperature difference value of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and a current residual heat of the heat storage module; and controlling the electric heating pyrolysis furnace to feed based on the target feeding rate.

[0051] Since the conventional electric heating pyrolysis furnace and other devices for pyrolysis reaction cannot effectively adapt to the temperature change caused by power fluctuation in the pyrolysis process, the conventional technology usually adopts the means of increasing heating power or adding heavy wall structure to enhance thermal inertia, which improves the temperature stability of the furnace body to a certain extent, but significantly increases the energy consumption and equipment cost, and cannot effectively adapt to the rapid and frequent temperature change under the condition of fluctuating power.

[0052] The embodiment of the present application provides a control method of an electric heating pyrolysis furnace, a side wall of a hearth of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is provided with a heat storage module, the heat storage module is made of ceramic heat storage material, the ceramic heat storage material has good heat storage performance, when power fluctuation of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace leads to power change, the heat storage module can play a buffering role. When the power is increased, the heat storage module can absorb the excess heat for storage; when the power is reduced, the heat storage module can release the stored heat, so that the reaction temperature stability of reactants in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is maintained. Meanwhile, the embodiment of the present application realizes real-time monitoring of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace by dynamically obtaining the current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, in the case that the absolute value of the fluctuation value of the current power is greater than the preset power fluctuation value threshold, it is indicated that the power fluctuation has reached a degree that may affect the pyrolysis process, the electric heating pyrolysis furnace determines the target feeding rate of the reactants in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to the current furnace temperature difference value and the current residual heat of the heat storage module, so that the target feeding rate of the reactants in the furnace matches the current temperature in the furnace, and the electric heating pyrolysis furnace controls feeding based on the target feeding rate. When the power fluctuation of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace leads to unstable power, the pyrolysis process of the reactants in the furnace will be affected due to the change of the temperature, in the case that the temperature in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is increased, the target feeding rate of the reactants in the furnace is increased, and the time of the reactants in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is shortened, so that the reactants in the furnace can fully react under the condition of higher reaction temperature, and excessive heating of the products is avoided; in the case that the temperature in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is reduced, the target feeding rate of the reactants in the furnace is reduced, and the time of the reactants in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is prolonged, so that the reactants in the furnace can obtain sufficient heat for full reaction under the current temperature in the furnace, and the normal progress of the pyrolysis reaction and the quality stability of the products are ensured. The embodiment of the present application is based on the ceramic heat storage material, and combines the multi-parameter setting of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, so that when the power fluctuation occurs in the pyrolysis process of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, the electric heating pyrolysis furnace can maintain the normal progress of the pyrolysis reaction in the furnace, so that the quality of the products is stable. Further, the number and mass of the heat storage modules required can be calculated according to the physical properties of the ceramic heat storage material and the heat required in the actual pyrolysis process, and the heat storage modules are installed, so that the setting of the heat storage modules is more suitable for the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace. The embodiment of the present application is based on the ceramic heat storage material, and combines the multi-parameter setting of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, so that when the power fluctuation occurs in the pyrolysis process of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, the electric heating pyrolysis furnace can maintain the normal progress of the pyrolysis reaction in the furnace, so that the quality of the products is stable.

[0053] It should be noted that the execution subject of the embodiment can be a computing service device with data processing, network communication and program running functions, such as a tablet computer, a personal computer, a mobile phone, a control device of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace or an electronic device capable of realizing the above functions. The control device of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is taken as an example to describe the embodiment and the following embodiments.

[0054] Based on this, the first embodiment of the present application provides a control method of an electric heating pyrolysis furnace, referring to Figure 1 The side wall of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is provided with a heat storage module made of ceramic heat storage material, and the method comprises the following steps S10-S30:

[0055] Step S10, dynamically acquiring the current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace;

[0056] In a feasible embodiment, the side wall of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is provided with a heat storage module made of ceramic heat storage material for absorbing or releasing heat, and the power data of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace can be acquired in real time or according to a preset time interval. For example, the preset time interval can be 1s or 1min.

[0057] Optionally, the current power refers to the actual power consumption of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace at a certain moment. The current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is calculated by collecting high-frequency current, voltage and power grid load prediction signals at a certain moment.

[0058] Optionally, the electric heating pyrolysis furnace can establish a short-time power prediction model according to historical power data, for realizing the prediction of power fluctuation within a short time under wind and light fluctuating power input conditions. Specifically, high-precision current and voltage sensors are used to collect current and voltage data at a frequency of 10 times per second. For the power grid load prediction signal, the latest prediction information is acquired every 5min through data interaction with the power grid dispatching system. According to the collected current and voltage data, the current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is calculated, and then the power fluctuation amplitude is calculated according to the power difference between the current power and the average power within the collection time. Based on the historical power data curve, a short-time power trend model is constructed by using time series analysis method. The power data of each hour in the past week is collected, and the model is trained and the parameters are adjusted through the historical data, so that the model can better fit the power change trend, thereby predicting the power change in the future short time (such as the next 1-2 hours). In the data processing process, in order to eliminate the influence of instantaneous interference on the power data, a sliding window filtering method is used. A sliding window with a length of 10 data points is set to smooth the power data. For each newly collected data point, the average value of the data in the window is calculated as the filtered power value. According to the filtered power data and the power grid load prediction signal, the "peak-valley" state of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is accurately judged. The power peak threshold P high and the power valley threshold P low When the filtered power value is greater than P high and the power grid load prediction is in the peak period, it is judged as the power peak state; when the filtered power value is less than P lowAnd the power trough state is judged when the power grid load prediction is in the low valley period. Through the power monitoring and prediction process, the production load is increased in the power trough period, and the production intensity is appropriately reduced in the power peak period, thereby reducing the energy cost and improving the production efficiency and stability. At the same time, the accurate prediction of power fluctuation also provides strong support for equipment maintenance and fault warning.

[0059] In another possible embodiment, before the step S10 dynamically acquires the current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, it further includes:

[0060] Step S101, constructing a prediction model based on the historical power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace;

[0061] Step S102, determining a preset power fluctuation value threshold according to the prediction model.

[0062] In a possible embodiment, the preset power fluctuation value threshold can be obtained by simulating prediction according to the prediction model constructed according to the historical power data of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, and is dynamically adjusted.

[0063] The prediction model constructed by the historical power data in this embodiment can predict the preset power fluctuation threshold in a short time, so that the preset power fluctuation threshold is more suitable for the actual pyrolysis reaction process.

[0064] In a possible embodiment, in addition to optimizing the preset power fluctuation value threshold, other gain coefficients can also be optimized. Specifically, a set of online parameter acquisition and calibration and threshold and gain optimization processes can be used. In terms of online parameter acquisition and calibration, first, the thermal physical property calibration is performed, and the PLC controls the electric heating pyrolysis furnace to automatically collect the temperature curve and power input curve of each heat storage module according to each complete "peak-trough" cycle, and then calculates the equivalent specific heat capacity C p , thermal inertia factor τ H of the used ceramic heat storage material, etc. H The τ

[0065] can be determined according to the following formula: H = (C p ×ΔT1) / Q loss

[0066] Wherein, C p is the effective heat capacity of the heat storage unit, ΔT1 is the temperature difference buffer interval, and Q loss is the heat loss per unit time.

[0067] Meanwhile, under a small number of sample working conditions such as no-load, half-load, full-load, etc., the upstream raw material heat value measurement is compared with near-infrared or Kalvin meter to generate a "raw material heat response curve". Then, data preprocessing is performed, and the current temperature and current power data collected are smoothed by a sliding window and outliers are removed. Then, the current heat loss coefficient U and the sensible heat buffer efficiency η are fitted by the rolling least squares method. In the threshold and gain optimization process, the recommended threshold ΔP1 (over-supply), ΔP2 (under-supply) and gain k1 (heating duty cycle coefficient), k2 (feed rate proportionality coefficient) are loaded as initial parameters when the PLC is shipped. After each power "peak-valley" cycle, the latest obtained C p , τ H , U, η and the raw material heat response curve are used to perform gradient descent or genetic algorithm iteration to minimize the temperature overshoot and energy consumption fluctuation as the objective function, and ΔP1, ΔP2, k1, k2 are used as variables to optimize the new preset power fluctuation value threshold and gain input into the PLC. If the temperature fluctuation increases or the steady-state deviation is abnormal after optimization, it will automatically roll back to the last stable parameter set and record an alarm log.

[0068] Step S20, in the case that the absolute value of the current power fluctuation value is greater than the preset power fluctuation value threshold, determining the target feed rate of the reactant in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to the current furnace temperature difference of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and the current residual heat of the heat storage module;

[0069] In a feasible embodiment, during the operation of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, when it is detected that the absolute value of the current power fluctuation value exceeds the preset power fluctuation value threshold, in order to ensure the stable operation of the pyrolysis furnace and the normal progress of the pyrolysis process, a suitable reactant feed rate, i.e. the target feed rate, needs to be determined in combination with the current furnace temperature difference that the electric heating pyrolysis furnace needs to reach and the existing residual heat of the heat storage module. By adjusting the target feed rate of the reactant, the pyrolysis furnace can still maintain a relatively stable pyrolysis reaction environment under the condition of large power fluctuation.

[0070] Optionally, the current power fluctuation value refers to the difference between the current power and the rated power, which can be positive or negative, wherein the positive value indicates that the current power is greater than the rated power, and the negative value indicates that the current power is less than the rated power.

[0071] Optionally, the preset power fluctuation value threshold refers to a pre-set value for judging the allowed power fluctuation range, and the power needs to be adjusted when the preset power fluctuation value is greater than the preset power fluctuation value threshold. For example, if the rated power is 100 kW and the fluctuation threshold is ±10 kW, the current power fluctuation value is +12 kW, and the power required by the electric heating pyrolysis furnace needs to be adjusted.

[0072] Optionally, the current furnace temperature refers to the difference between the actual temperature of the pyrolysis furnace. The preset furnace temperature refers to the temperature set by the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to the pyrolysis requirements of the reactants. For example, if the preset temperature is 800℃ and the current temperature is 750℃, the furnace temperature difference is -50℃.

[0073] Optionally, thermocouples or infrared temperature measurement units are arranged at key positions in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace to obtain temperature data at various positions in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace. The key positions refer to positions that have a greater impact on the pyrolysis reaction, have complex temperature changes, or are representative of the overall temperature distribution. For example, near the feed inlet of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, the temperature change of the reactants when they first enter the furnace cavity will affect the initial pyrolysis process; the temperature near the discharge outlet is related to the final state of the products; the temperature difference between the center region and the region near the furnace wall can be large due to different heat transfer modes and heat loss conditions, which can reflect the spatial distribution of the temperature in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and form temperature field data. Heat conduction is one of the main ways of heat transfer in the pyrolysis furnace, and its process follows the heat conduction equation. In order to facilitate analysis and calculation, the heat conduction equation is simplified, some secondary factors in the pyrolysis process are ignored, and the main influencing factors are considered. According to the obtained temperature field data, the temperature gradient and heat loss condition are analyzed using the simplified heat conduction. Based on the analysis results of the temperature gradient and the heat loss condition, the temperature field distribution in the pyrolysis furnace in the future period of time is predicted using the simplified heat conduction model. The predicted temperature field distribution information is provided to the controller, and the controller can adjust the operating parameters of the pyrolysis furnace in advance, such as heating power, feed rate, etc., based on this information, to ensure that the temperature distribution in the pyrolysis furnace is always in an ideal state, and to improve the efficiency and quality of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0074] Optionally, the current remaining heat of the heat storage module refers to the actual heat stored in the heat storage module at a certain time. The heat storage module can absorb excess heat when the pyrolysis furnace has high power, and release heat when the power is low, thereby stabilizing the temperature in the furnace. For example, the maximum heat storage capacity of the heat storage module is 1000kJ, and after a period of operation, it is measured by the heat monitoring device that the heat storage module currently stores 600kJ of heat, so the current remaining heat of the heat storage module is 600kJ.

[0075] Optionally, the target feed rate refers to the feed rate of the reactants calculated according to the target furnace temperature difference and the current remaining heat of the heat storage module, etc., which is suitable for the current operating state of the pyrolysis furnace. For example, after calculation, it is determined that the target feed rate of the reactants under the current conditions is 50kg / h, i.e. 50kg of reactants need to be added to the electric heating pyrolysis furnace per hour. Optionally, the target feed rate v = v0 + f(ΔT, Q s ). Wherein, v0 is the initial feed rate, ΔT is the current furnace temperature difference, Q sa current residual heat of the heat storage module.

[0076] In another possible embodiment, the step S20 of determining the target feeding rate of the reactant in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to the difference between the current furnace temperature and the preset furnace temperature of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and the current residual heat of the heat storage module comprises:

[0077] In step S210, a feeding rate calculation model is constructed based on the preset residual heat of the heat storage module, the low-grade heat of the preset reactant and the thermal conductivity of the preset reactant.

[0078] In step S220, the target feeding rate is determined according to the difference between the current furnace temperature and the preset furnace temperature of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, the current residual heat of the heat storage module and the feeding rate calculation model.

[0079] In a possible embodiment, the feeding rate calculation model is constructed by comprehensively considering the preset residual heat of the heat storage module, the low-grade heat of the preset reactant and the thermal conductivity of the preset reactant, and the target feeding rate is determined by combining the difference between the current furnace temperature and the preset furnace temperature of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and the current residual heat of the heat storage module, so as to ensure that the pyrolysis furnace is stably operated at a suitable feeding rate.

[0080] Optionally, the preset residual heat refers to a heat value that the heat storage module should reserve at a certain moment, which is determined based on the operation demand and process requirement of the pyrolysis furnace and is used to construct the feeding rate calculation model.

[0081] Optionally, the low-grade heat of the preset reactant refers to the heat released after deducting the latent heat of vaporization of water vapor when unit mass or unit volume of fuel is completely combusted, which reflects the actual available heat of the fuel.

[0082] Optionally, the thermal conductivity of the preset reactant refers to the ability of a material to conduct heat. The greater the thermal conductivity, the faster the heat exchange rate inside the electric heating pyrolysis furnace or with the environment.

[0083] Optionally, the feeding rate calculation model is used to determine the relationship between the target feeding rate and the preset residual heat of the heat storage module, the low-grade heat of the preset reactant and the thermal conductivity of the preset reactant, and also includes the relationship with the current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, wherein the current power can affect the current furnace temperature difference. The constructed feeding rate calculation model is v=f(P,Q s ,H), wherein P is the current power and H is the current low-grade heat of the raw material of the reactant (kJ / kg).

[0084] The present embodiment ensures the stable operation of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace within the process requirement range by considering the preset residual heat, avoiding the impact of pyrolysis reaction caused by excessive or insufficient heat; secondly, the actual available heat of the reactants is accurately evaluated by using the low calorific value parameter, the matching of energy input and material consumption is optimized, and the economic efficiency of the pyrolysis process is improved; then, the influence of heat exchange efficiency on the feeding rate is dynamically reflected by the thermal conductivity, and the adaptability to the change of material characteristics is enhanced; finally, the multi-parameter collaborative regulation is realized by combining the current power and the difference between the current furnace temperature and the preset furnace temperature, and the temperature uniformity of the pyrolysis reaction is ensured.

[0085] Step S30, controlling the electric heating pyrolysis furnace to feed based on the target feeding rate.

[0086] In a feasible embodiment, an executable signal (such as voltage, pulse frequency or opening percentage) is generated based on the target feeding rate, the signal is usually transmitted to the motor driver by PLC (Programmable Logic Controller), the material flow is adjusted by mechanical or electrical devices, the actual feeding rate is monitored by weighing sensor, flow meter or visual detection device, and compared with the target value, and the execution mechanism parameter is dynamically adjusted.

[0087] The embodiment provides a control method of an electric heating pyrolysis furnace. The electric heating pyrolysis furnace is provided with a heat storage module on a side wall. The heat storage module is made of ceramic heat storage material. The control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace comprises the following steps: dynamically obtaining a current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace; in the case that an absolute value of a fluctuation value of the current power is greater than a preset power fluctuation value threshold, determining a target feeding rate of reactants in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to a current furnace temperature difference value of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and a current residual heat of the heat storage module; and controlling the electric heating pyrolysis furnace to feed based on the target feeding rate. In the embodiment, the heat storage module is made of ceramic heat storage material. The ceramic heat storage material has good heat storage performance. When the power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace fluctuates and changes, the heat storage module can play a buffering role. When the power increases, the heat storage module can absorb excess heat for storage. When the power decreases, the heat storage module can release the stored heat, thereby maintaining the stability of the reaction temperature of the reactants in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace. In the embodiment, the current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace can be dynamically obtained, thereby realizing real-time monitoring of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace. In the case that the absolute value of the fluctuation value of the current power is greater than the preset power fluctuation value threshold, it is indicated that the power fluctuation has reached a degree that may affect the pyrolysis process. The electric heating pyrolysis furnace determines the target feeding rate of the reactants in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to the current furnace temperature difference value and the current residual heat of the heat storage module, so that the target feeding rate of the reactants in the furnace matches the current temperature in the furnace, and the electric heating pyrolysis furnace feeds based on the target feeding rate. When the power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace fluctuates and is unstable, the pyrolysis process of the reactants in the furnace will be affected by the change in temperature. In the case that the temperature in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace increases, the target feeding rate of the reactants in the furnace is increased, so that the reactants in the furnace can fully react at a higher reaction temperature and avoid excessive heating to affect the product. In the case that the temperature in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace decreases, the target feeding rate of the reactants in the furnace is reduced, so that the reactants in the furnace can fully react under the current temperature in the furnace and ensure the normal progress of the pyrolysis reaction and the stability of the product quality. In the embodiment, the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is based on the ceramic heat storage material and combined with the multi-parameter setting of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, so that the electric heating pyrolysis furnace can maintain the normal progress of the pyrolysis reaction in the furnace when the power fluctuates during the pyrolysis process of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, thereby stabilizing the product quality.

[0088] Based on the first embodiment, the second embodiment of the application is provided. In the second embodiment, the same or similar contents as the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and will not be described in detail. The fluctuation value of the current power includes a positive fluctuation value and a negative fluctuation value. The method further comprises the following steps.

[0089] In the case that the fluctuation value of the current power is a positive fluctuation value, the current power is reduced.

[0090] Step A20, in the case of the current power fluctuation value being a negative fluctuation value, increasing the current power.

[0091] In an available embodiment, different treatments are carried out for the current power fluctuation of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace. By judging whether the current power fluctuation value is a positive fluctuation value or a negative fluctuation value, the operation of reducing or increasing the current power is respectively taken, so as to ensure the power stability of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, and further ensure the stable operation of the pyrolysis furnace. In the case of the current power being a positive fluctuation value, reducing the current power can make the power return to a suitable range, ensure the stable operation of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, and avoid the adverse effects caused by the excessively high power. In the case of the current power being a negative fluctuation value, increasing the current power can make the electric heating pyrolysis furnace reach a suitable power level, and ensure the normal progress of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0092] Optionally, the positive fluctuation value refers to the difference between the current power and the rated power when the current power is greater than the rated power, that is, the current power consumed by the electric heating pyrolysis furnace exceeds the expected or set level, which will cause problems such as increased energy consumption and overheated equipment.

[0093] Optionally, the negative fluctuation value refers to the difference between the rated power and the current power when the current power is less than the rated power, which indicates that the current power consumed by the pyrolysis furnace is lower than the expected or set level, which may cause the pyrolysis reaction to be insufficient and affect the effect of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0094] Optionally, referring to Figure 2 , the current current and voltage of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace are collected, the fluctuation value ΔP of the current power is calculated, and the fluctuation value ΔP of the current power is compared with the preset power fluctuation value threshold, wherein the current power is P, the rated power is P rated , and the preset power fluctuation value threshold is ±10%. In the case of the current power fluctuation value being greater than +10%, the duty cycle of the heating of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is reduced, that is, the proportion of the heating time is reduced. In the case of the current power fluctuation value being less than -10%, the duty cycle of the heating of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is increased, that is, the proportion of the heating time is increased. Further, on the basis of adjusting the heating duty cycle, the feeding rate can also be adjusted to make the pyrolysis reaction proceed normally. In the case of the current power fluctuation value being greater than +10%, on the basis of reducing the heating duty cycle of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, the target feeding rate v is obtained according to v = v0·g(ΔP), the feeding rate is increased, and the heat accumulation of the reactants is promoted. In the case of the current power fluctuation value being less than -10%, on the basis of increasing the heating duty cycle of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, the target feeding rate v is obtained according to v = v0·g(ΔP), the feeding rate is reduced, v0 is the original feeding rate, the time of the reactants passing through the core heating area of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is lengthened, and the reaction proceeds normally.

[0095] Optionally, referring to Figure 3, the current current and voltage of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace are collected, the fluctuation value ΔP of the current power is calculated, and the fluctuation value ΔP of the current power is compared with the preset power fluctuation value threshold, wherein the current power is P, the rated power is P rated , and the preset power fluctuation value threshold is ±10%. In the case that the absolute value of the fluctuation value of the current power is greater than 10%, the heating duty cycle of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is adjusted, and the temperature of the pyrolysis reaction is adjusted in advance by adjusting the power. Further, the current furnace temperature difference value ΔT and the current residual heat Q s of the heat storage module are obtained by the thermocouple or infrared temperature measurement unit arranged in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace. s The target feeding rate v is calculated according to v=v0+f(ΔT, Q

[0096] Optionally, referring to Figure 4 , the electric heating pyrolysis furnace collects data within t time, including the current power P of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, the current furnace temperature T, the current residual heat Q s of the heat storage module, and the current low calorific value H of the raw material of the reactant. The parameters in the feeding rate calculation process are optimized by least square fitting, and the target feeding rate v is calculated according to v=v0[1+α·ΔP-β·Q s / Q max ], v0 is the original feeding rate, and after one complete “peak-valley” cycle, the new α and β are input into the control parameters of the PLC, and the control parameters in the PLC are continuously optimized, so that the feeding calculation model is automatically updated.

[0097] The embodiment compares the fluctuation value of the current power with the preset power fluctuation value threshold, adjusts the heating duty cycle of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace in advance according to the comparison result, adjusts the feeding rate on the basis of adjusting the heating duty cycle, so that the feeding rate of the reactant adapts to the reaction temperature under the current power. In addition, the embodiment can adjust the heating duty cycle of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace in advance according to the comparison of the fluctuation value of the current power with the threshold, and determine the target feeding rate of the reactant on the basis of adjusting the heating duty cycle combined with the current furnace temperature difference value and the residual heat of the heat storage module, so that the pyrolysis reaction process of the reactant can proceed normally. Further, by collecting the data in the pyrolysis reaction process of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, the control parameters in the PLC are optimized and updated by least square fitting, so that the feeding rate calculation model is continuously optimized in the pyrolysis reaction process, and is more suitable for the actual pyrolysis reaction process.

[0098] Based on the first embodiment of the present application, the third embodiment of the present application is provided, in which the same or similar contents as the above embodiments can be referred to the above description, and the subsequent will not be described in detail. The heat storage module includes at least one heat storage unit, before the step of dynamically obtaining the current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace in step S10, it also includes:

[0099] Step B10, determining the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material according to the specific heat capacity of the ceramic heat storage material and the preset target sensible heat storage of the heat storage module;

[0100] Step B20, determining the number of heat storage units according to the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material and the preset mass of the heat storage unit;

[0101] Step B30, the ceramic heat storage material is made into a heat storage module according to the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material and the number of heat storage units.

[0102] Optionally, the preset target sensible heat storage of the heat storage module refers to the total amount of heat that the heat storage module can store or provide.

[0103] Optionally, the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material refers to the mass of the ceramic heat storage material that needs to be set in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace.

[0104] Optionally, the heat storage unit refers to a component of the heat storage module, and the heat storage module includes at least one heat storage unit.

[0105] Optionally, the preset mass of the heat storage unit refers to the fixed mass of a single heat storage unit determined according to actual demand and process conditions in the design stage of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace.

[0106] Optionally, the number of heat storage units refers to the quotient of the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material and the mass of each preset heat storage unit.

[0107] Optionally, the total mass m of the heat storage module is cer which can be determined according to the following formula:

[0108]

[0109] Wherein, c is the specific heat capacity of the ceramic heat storage material (unit: kJ·kg -1 ·K -1 ), Q stor is the target sensible heat storage of the heat storage module (unit: J), T max is the current temperature of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace (unit: ℃), T min is the lowest temperature acceptable for reaction (unit: ℃).

[0110] Optionally, the number n of heat storage units can be determined according to the following formula:

[0111] n=mcer / m unit

[0112] wherein, m unit is the mass of each heat storage unit (unit: kg).

[0113] In another possible embodiment, before the step of determining the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material according to the specific heat capacity of the ceramic heat storage material and the target sensible heat storage of the preset heat storage module, further comprising:

[0114] Step C10, determining the missing heat of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to the fluctuation amplitude of the power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace in a single fluctuation period;

[0115] Step C20, determining the required heat of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to the unit heat requirement of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and the yield of the target reaction;

[0116] Step C30, determining the fluctuation amount of heat in a single fluctuation period according to the missing heat of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace in a single fluctuation period and the required heat of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace;

[0117] Step C40, determining the target sensible heat storage of the preset heat storage module according to the fluctuation amount, wherein the target sensible heat storage of the heat storage module is greater than the fluctuation amount.

[0118] Optionally, the power fluctuation refers to the phenomenon that the power input is unstable during the heating process of the pyrolysis device, especially when the wind, light and other fluctuating renewable energy sources are used as the power source, the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is more obviously affected by the unstable power input. The power fluctuation can be the fluctuation of photovoltaic caused by the cloud cluster passing or the existence of shadow. The single fluctuation period refers to the time when the cloud cluster passes or the shadow exists.

[0119] Optionally, the missing heat of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace can be the reduced energy compared with the case that the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is not fluctuated due to the power fluctuation.

[0120] Optionally, the required heat of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace refers to the heat consumed by the electric heating pyrolysis furnace to maintain the normal progress of the target reaction in a single fluctuation period.

[0121] Optionally, the fluctuation amount of heat in a single fluctuation period refers to the sum of the missing heat of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and the required heat of the target reaction in the pyrolysis device in a single fluctuation period.

[0122] Optionally, the target sensible heat storage Q stor of the ceramic heat storage material can be determined according to the following formula:

[0123] Q stor =S(Q PV +Qprod )

[0124] wherein Q PV is the missing heat (unit: J) of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, Q prod is the required heat (unit: J) of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, and S is a safety redundancy coefficient.

[0125] Optionally, the safety redundancy coefficient refers to a coefficient that needs to be considered in the case of meeting the fluctuation amount and aging and heat loss in the production process. Optionally, S is 1.1-1.3.

[0126] Optionally, the fluctuation amplitude of the power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace in a single fluctuation period refers to the ratio of the power reduction of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace in a single fluctuation period.

[0127] Optionally, the unit heat requirement of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace refers to the heat absorbed in the process of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace for each unit amount (such as the amount of substance, unit mass, etc.) of the target reaction completed.

[0128] Optionally, the yield of the target reaction refers to the actual yield of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace per unit time.

[0129] Optionally, the missing heat Q PV can be determined according to the following formula:

[0130] Q PV = ΔP PV P R t d

[0131] wherein ΔP PV is the fluctuation amplitude of the power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace in a single fluctuation period (unit: %), and optionally, ΔP PV may be 10%-25%; P R is the rated electric power of a single electric heating pyrolysis furnace (unit: kW), and t d is a single fluctuation period (unit: s).

[0132] Optionally, the required heat Q prod of the target reaction can be determined according to the following formula:

[0133]

[0134] wherein, is the feed rate of the reactant (unit: kg·h -1 ); and q u is the unit heat requirement (unit: MJ·kg -1 ) of the target reaction.

[0135] Optionally, taking the production of straw biochar in an electric heating pyrolysis furnace as an example, the process of determining the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material and the number of heat storage units is as follows:

[0136] Step D10, missing heat Q of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace PV Determined according to the following formula:

[0137] Q PV =ΔP PV P R t d =0.15×150×120≈2.7MJ

[0138] Where ΔP PV is 15%, P R is 150kW, and t d is 120s.

[0139] Step D20, required heat Q of the target reaction (preparation of straw biochar) in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace prod Determined according to the following formula:

[0140]

[0141] Where, is 50kg·h -1 , q u is 1.5MJ·kg -1 , and t d is 120s.

[0142] Step D30, target sensible heat storage Q of the heat storage module stor Can be determined according to the following formula:

[0143] Q stor =S(Q PV +Q prod )=1.20×(2.7+2.5)≈6.2MJ

[0144] Where S is 1.20.

[0145] Step D40, total mass m of the heat storage module cer Can be determined according to the following formula:

[0146]

[0147] Where, in the case of using honeycomb Al2O3 as the ceramic heat storage material, the specific heat capacity c is 0.89kJ·kg -1 ·K -1 .

[0148] Step D50, the number n of heat storage modules can be determined according to the following formula:

[0149] n=m cer / m unit =50 / 2=25

[0150] wherein, m unit is the mass of each heat storage module (kg), 2kg.

[0151] The embodiment simulates the total mass of the heat storage material and the number of heat storage units in different configurations by targeting different ceramic heat storage materials or power fluctuation characteristics, forming a scheme for providing heat for the target reaction during power fluctuation based on ceramic heat storage materials suitable for different application scenarios.

[0152] The embodiment of the present application also provides an electric heating pyrolysis furnace, which applies the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace as described above, wherein the electric heating pyrolysis furnace comprises a hearth and a side wall, the heat storage module is installed on the side wall of the hearth, the heat storage module is uniformly distributed along the side wall, and the heat storage module is made of ceramic heat storage material.

[0153] In a feasible embodiment, the ceramic heat storage material comprises at least one of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide and silicon nitride.

[0154] And / or, the coverage rate of the heat storage module on the side wall of the hearth meets a preset coverage rate range.

[0155] And / or, the volume ratio of the heat storage module meets a preset volume ratio range of the hearth.

[0156] Optionally, the ceramic heat storage material refers to a kind of material taking ceramic as a matrix and using the physical properties of ceramic material to store heat energy. Its heat storage capacity mainly depends on the specific heat capacity of the material and the temperature range that can be reached.

[0157] Optionally, the ceramic heat storage material can be prepared by high-temperature sintering forming, extrusion forming, multi-stage step sintering and the like. The ceramic material provides linear heat storage and heat release curve, and responds quickly to small power fluctuations within 1-5 min, and can quickly enter the heat release mode to provide heat for the ongoing reaction. Referring to Figure 5 , which are the heat storage and heat release curves of aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide and silicon nitride within 100s, the abscissa is time t (s), and the ordinate is the heat Q (kJ) of the ceramic material. Within 0-50s, it is a heat storage process, which can realize fast heat storage within 0-50s; within 50-100s, it is a heat release process, which realizes fast heat release within 50-100s. It responds quickly to small power fluctuations.

[0158] Optionally, referring to Figure 6 , the electric heating pyrolysis furnace comprises an outer furnace shell 10, a hearth 20, a heat storage module 30, a heat storage unit 301 and an electric heating wire 40.

[0159] Optionally, the heat storage modules are evenly distributed along the side wall;

[0160] Optionally, the coverage of the heat storage modules on the side wall of the hearth is greater than or equal to a preset coverage threshold;

[0161] Optionally, the volume proportion of the heat storage modules meets a preset volume proportion range of the hearth.

[0162] In a feasible embodiment, the heat storage modules are detachably installed, and can be flexibly combined and detached according to the actual needs of the pyrolysis reaction.

[0163] Optionally, the heat storage modules are installed on the side wall of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace through a ring embedding and interlayer clamping manner. The ring embedding refers to setting a circumferential embedding groove on the side wall, and embedding the ceramic heat storage modules into the embedding groove at equal intervals. Then, a thin high-thermal-conductivity ceramic pad plate (thickness of 3-10 mm) is arranged between the reactants and the heating element to form a transient heat flow interception layer, thereby reducing the direct heat shock of power fluctuation on the materials. In addition, a cerium oxide reflective coating can be additionally attached to the surface of the ceramic heat storage module to improve the radiation heat feedback rate. The detachment manner of the heat storage modules includes detachment through a dovetail groove and a rotating lock spring pin combination, and detachment through a quick-release handle, a wedge-shaped block locking, a buckle type spring claw, and high-temperature magnetic adsorption.

[0164] Optionally, the electric heating pyrolysis furnace can be a box-type electric heating pyrolysis furnace, as shown in Figure 7 The furnace shell 10 and the hearth 20 are cuboids or cubes, and the electric heating wire 40 and the heat storage unit 301 are usually arranged in layers inside. The internal space of the box-type electric heating pyrolysis furnace is relatively regular, which is convenient for installing various components required for pyrolysis. Moreover, the cubic structure is relatively simple in the process of construction and installation, which can reduce the manufacturing cost. Due to the regular internal space, the flow of hot gas in the furnace is relatively stable, which is conducive to achieving a more uniform pyrolysis effect. When processing some blocky or granular materials, it can ensure that the materials can be heated more uniformly at each position, thereby improving the efficiency and quality of pyrolysis. In a feasible embodiment, the heat load of each region of the hearth side wall can be different (such as higher temperature near the combustion zone). By evenly distributing the heat storage modules, local overheating or heat concentration can be avoided, and the overall temperature field of the hearth can be stabilized.

[0165] Optionally, the coverage rate refers to the percentage of the total area or perimeter of the side wall of the furnace covered by the heat storage module. The preset coverage rate threshold refers to the minimum percentage of the total area or perimeter of the side wall of the furnace covered by the heat storage module, which is calculated to ensure that the furnace can effectively utilize the heat storage module for heat storage and release under different working conditions, maintain the stability of the overall temperature field of the furnace, and meet the system thermal efficiency requirements. Preferably, the preset coverage rate threshold is 70% to 85%. For example, the coverage rate can be ≥70% of the perimeter of the side wall of the furnace.

[0166] Optionally, during installation, the heat storage module and the heating wire are arranged alternately, so that the heat generated by the heating wire can be more uniformly transferred to the heat storage module; the ΔT of the heat conduction layer is <5℃ (during the rated power production process), the ΔT of the heat conduction layer refers to the temperature difference between the two ends of the heat conduction layer, and controlling the ΔT of the heat conduction layer to be <5℃ can ensure that the entire production process is carried out in a stable temperature environment, thereby improving the quality and production efficiency of the product; further, if it is necessary to arrange a smaller number of heat storage modules for economic reasons, the heat storage modules are preferentially arranged at the lower part of the side wall of the furnace. In the furnace, hot air naturally flows upward, resulting in relatively lower temperature at the lower part of the furnace and relatively higher temperature at the upper part of the furnace. Therefore, the heat loss at the lower part of the furnace is relatively more. Arranging the heat storage modules at the lower part of the side wall of the furnace can more effectively absorb and store the lost heat.

[0167] Optionally, the volume ratio refers to the proportion of the heat storage module to the volume of the furnace. A suitable volume ratio can enable the heat storage module to effectively absorb and store the heat generated in the furnace, avoid excessive heat loss, and at the same time, timely release the stored heat when needed, maintain the stability of the temperature in the furnace, and thereby improve the pyrolysis reaction efficiency of the entire electric heating pyrolysis furnace. Preferably, the preset volume ratio range is 10% to 30%.

[0168] The present embodiment sets the furnace body, the furnace, and the heat storage module based on the ceramic heat storage material, stores or releases heat based on the heat change process caused by the point, and provides stable reaction temperature conditions for the reaction in the device, so that the reaction in the device can proceed normally under the action of the heat storage module in the case of power fluctuation of the device.

[0169] In a feasible embodiment, a tubular electric heating pyrolysis furnace is used for the pyrolysis reaction, the electric heating pyrolysis furnace has an inner diameter of 0.6 m and a length of 3 m, and the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is divided into three sections for independent temperature control. The ceramic heat storage material is a-Al2O3, the porosity of the ceramic heat storage material is 45% to 55%, the ceramic heat storage material is made into a heat storage module, the heat storage module includes at least one heat storage unit, the size of the heat storage unit is 100 mm x 100 mm x 90 mm, and the weight of the heat storage unit is 2.8 ± 0.3 kg. According to the calculation, 32 heat storage units are needed, and the 32 heat storage units are arranged in two layers along the side wall and have a coverage rate of about 75% on the side wall. The heat storage unit is installed or removed through dovetail guide grooves and pull ring spring pins. Eight thermocouples are used for temperature measurement and sampling in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, and the sampling cycle is 1-2 s; the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is fed by a variable frequency screw. The power collection frequency of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is set to be greater than or equal to 10 Hz, and ΔP, k1 and k2 are calculated, which are updated automatically once a day, and the current heat storage capacity of the heat storage module is updated every 30 s. In the case of a power amplitude of 20%, the temperature amplitude of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace without the heat storage module is ±33-35℃, and the reaction is not completely pyrolyzed and carbon deposition occurs; in the case of the heat storage module, the target feed rate is adjusted based on the current furnace temperature difference and the current heat storage capacity of the heat storage module, and the temperature amplitude of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is less than or equal to ±8℃, and the product distribution is stable, that is, under the condition of power failure (P=0), the furnace temperature can be maintained at the preset furnace temperature within 31 min.

[0170] In a feasible embodiment, four Si3N4 (single block 3 kg) modules are hung outside the electric heating pyrolysis furnace in parallel with the Al2O3 in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, and are installed through dovetail grooves and spring pins. The control equipment sets the thermal failure rate U, the current remaining heat Q of the heat storage module, the current raw material low calorific value H of the reactant, and the coefficients a and β to be updated every 15 min and to be continuously optimized and adjusted according to the pyrolysis process, wherein the target feed rate v can be determined by the following function: s

[0171] v=v0[1+α·ΔP-β·Q s / Q max ]

[0172] wherein Q max is the maximum heat storage capacity of the heat storage module, and v0 is the original feed rate.

[0173] In the case of a power amplitude of 30%, the temperature amplitude of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is less than or equal to ±6℃, that is, under the condition of power failure (P=0), the furnace temperature can be maintained stable within 40 min.

[0174] ​In a feasible embodiment, in the case of detecting that the heat storage module needs to be repaired or replaced, a high-temperature quick-release maintenance scheme can be used to replace the heat storage module without interrupting the operation of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace. The quick-release structure uses stainless steel spring pins and inverted trapezoidal guide grooves, and can be operated without disassembling the furnace cover. During maintenance, the third heating section is first paused and N2 is introduced for cooling. Within 8 minutes, the temperature of the side wall of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is reduced to below 140°C, and then the heat storage module is disassembled and installed at a speed of 25-30 s / block. Then, the power heating duty ratio of the third heating section is gradually increased, so that the electric heating pyrolysis furnace can normally proceed with the pyrolysis process. The pyrolysis reaction does not stop during the replacement of the heat storage module. When the furnace temperature drops, the pyrolysis process is resumed within 2 minutes through heat release of the heat storage body and feed adjustment.

[0175] The present application provides a control method and device for an electric heating pyrolysis furnace. The control device comprises at least one processor and a memory in communication with the at least one processor. The memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, and the instructions are executed by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the control in Embodiment I.

[0176] Reference will now be made to Figure 8 which shows a structural diagram of a control device suitable for implementing the embodiments of the present application. The control device in the embodiments of the present application can include, but is not limited to, mobile terminals such as mobile phones, notebook computers, digital broadcast receivers, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), PADs (Portable Application Descriptions), PMPs (Portable Media Players), and vehicle terminals (such as vehicle navigation terminals), and fixed terminals such as digital TVs and desktop computers. Figure 8 The control device shown is only an example and should not limit the functions and use range of the embodiments of the present application.

[0177] As Figure 8As shown, the control device can include a processing apparatus 1001 (e.g., a central processing unit, a graphics processing unit, etc.) that can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to programs stored in a read-only memory 1002 or loaded from a storage apparatus 1003 into a random access memory 1004. Various programs and data required for operation of the control device are also stored in the random access memory 1004. The processing apparatus 1001, the read-only memory 1002, and the random access memory 1004 are connected to each other through a bus 1005. An input / output interface 1006 is also connected to the bus. Generally, the following systems can be connected to the input / output interface 1006: input apparatuses 1007 including, for example, a touch panel, a touch pad, a keyboard, a mouse, an image sensor, a microphone, an accelerometer, a gyroscope, etc.; output apparatuses 1008 including, for example, a liquid crystal display (LCD), a speaker, a vibrator, etc.; the storage apparatus 1003 including, for example, a magnetic tape, a hard disk, etc.; and a communication apparatus 1009. The communication apparatus 1009 can allow the control device to perform wireless or wired communication with other devices to exchange data. Although the control device having various systems is shown in the figure, it should be understood that all of the illustrated systems are not required to be implemented or possessed. More or less systems can be alternatively implemented or possessed.

[0178] In particular, according to embodiments of the present disclosure, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts can be implemented as a computer software program. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure include a computer program product comprising a computer program carried on a computer readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the methods illustrated by the flowcharts. In such embodiments, the computer program can be downloaded and installed from a network by a communication apparatus, or installed from the storage apparatus 1003, or installed from the read-only memory 1002. When the computer program is executed by the processing apparatus 1001, the above-mentioned functions defined in the methods of the embodiments of the present disclosure are performed.

[0179] The control device provided by the present disclosure can solve the technical problems of the control by using the control in the above embodiments. Compared with the prior art, the control device provided by the present disclosure has the same beneficial effects as the control provided by the above embodiments, and other technical features in the control device are the same as the features disclosed in the above embodiment method, which will not be described here.

[0180] It should be understood that parts of the present disclosure can be realized by hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the description of the above embodiments, specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics can be combined in any appropriate manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0181] The above merely provides a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

[0182] The present application provides a computer readable storage medium having stored thereon computer readable program instructions (i.e. computer programs) for performing the control in the above-described embodiments.

[0183] The computer readable storage medium provided by the present application may, for example, be a U disk, but is not limited to an electric, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system or device, or any combination thereof. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium can include, but are not limited to, an electric connection having one or more conductive wires, a portable computer disk, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination thereof. In the present embodiment, the computer readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system or device. The program code contained on the computer readable storage medium can be transmitted by any suitable medium, including but not limited to an electric wire, an optical cable, an RF (Radio Frequency), etc., or any suitable combination thereof.

[0184] The above-described computer readable storage medium can be contained in the control device, or can exist separately without being assembled into the control device.

[0185] The above-described computer readable storage medium carries one or more programs, which, when executed by the control device, cause the control device to control.

[0186] Computer program code for carrying out operations of the present application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, Smalltalk, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code can execute entirely on the user's computer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computer or entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or the connection can be made to an external computer (for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).

[0187] The flow diagrams and the block diagrams in the drawings are illustrations of architectures, functionalities, and operations of possible implementations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flow diagrams or block diagrams can represent a module, a segment, or a portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the blocks can occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may

[0188] The modules involved in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in the form of software or in the form of hardware. In some cases, the name of the module does not constitute a limitation on the module itself.

[0189] The readable storage medium provided by the present application is a computer readable storage medium, which stores computer readable program instructions (i.e. computer programs) for performing the above control, and can solve the technical problems of the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace. Compared with the prior art, the computer readable storage medium provided by the present application has the same beneficial effects as the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace provided by the above embodiments, and will not be described here.

[0190] The application further provides a computer program product comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace.

[0191] The computer program product provided by the application can solve the technical problem of the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the computer program product provided by the application are the same as those of the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace provided by the above-mentioned embodiments, and are not described here.

[0192] The above is only some embodiments of the application, and does not limit the patent scope of the application. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the content of the application specification and drawings, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the patent protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A control method of an electrically heated pyrolysis furnace, characterized by, The side wall of the furnace chamber of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is provided with a heat storage module, the heat storage module is made of ceramic heat storage material, and the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace comprises the following steps: According to the fluctuation amplitude of the power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace in a single fluctuation period, the missing heat of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is determined; According to the unit heat demand of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and the yield of the target reaction, the required heat of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is determined; According to the missing heat of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace in a single fluctuation period and the required heat of the target reaction in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, the fluctuation amount of heat in a single fluctuation period is determined; According to the fluctuation amount, the target sensible heat storage amount of the preset heat storage module is determined, wherein the target sensible heat storage amount is greater than the fluctuation amount; According to the specific heat capacity of the ceramic heat storage material and the target sensible heat storage amount of the preset heat storage module, the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material is determined; According to the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material and the mass of the preset heat storage unit, the number of the heat storage units is determined; According to the total mass of the ceramic heat storage material and the number of the heat storage units, the ceramic heat storage material is made into the heat storage module, wherein the heat storage module comprises at least one heat storage unit; The current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is dynamically obtained; In the case that the fluctuation value of the current power is a positive fluctuation value, the current power is reduced; In the case that the fluctuation value of the current power is a negative fluctuation value, the current power is increased; In the case that the fluctuation value of the current power is greater than a preset power fluctuation value threshold, according to the difference between the current furnace temperature of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and a preset furnace temperature and the current residual heat of the heat storage module, the target feeding rate of the reactant in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace is determined; The electric heating pyrolysis furnace is controlled to feed based on the target feeding rate.

2. The control method of the electrically heated pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized by, The step of determining the target feeding rate of the reactant in the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to the difference between the current furnace temperature of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and a preset furnace temperature and the current residual heat of the heat storage module comprises: Based on the preset residual heat of the heat storage module, the low calorific value of the preset reactant and the thermal conductivity of the preset reactant, a feeding rate calculation model is constructed; According to the difference between the current furnace temperature of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace and a preset furnace temperature, the current residual heat of the heat storage module and the feeding rate calculation model, the target feeding rate is determined.

3. The control method of the electrically heated pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, characterized by, Before the step of dynamically obtaining the current power of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, it further comprises: Based on the historical power data of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace, a prediction model is constructed; According to the prediction model, the preset power fluctuation value threshold is determined.

4. An electrically heated pyrolysis furnace characterized by The electric heating pyrolysis furnace is applied to the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the electric heating pyrolysis furnace comprises a furnace chamber and a side wall, the heat storage module is installed on the side wall of the furnace chamber, the heat storage modules are uniformly distributed along the side wall, and the heat storage modules are made of ceramic heat storage material.

5. The electrically heated pyrolysis furnace of claim 4, wherein, The ceramic heat storage material comprises at least one of alumina, zirconia and silicon nitride; And / or, the coverage rate of the heat storage module on the side wall of the furnace chamber meets a preset coverage rate range; And / or, the volume proportion of the heat storage module meets a preset volume proportion range of the hearth.

6. A control device characterized by comprising: The control device comprises a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, and the computer program is configured to implement the steps of the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. A computer readable storage medium characterized by The computer readable storage medium stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor to implement the steps of the control method of the electric heating pyrolysis furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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