Storage and distribution method, system and equipment for multi-specification cigarette commodities and storage medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of goods storage business management, in particular to a storage distribution method, system and device for multi-specification cigarette commodities and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, dividing cigarette commodities into high, medium and low demand categories based on the total annual warehouse-out amount, the total annual warehouse-in frequency and the single-time warehouse-in amount peak value of the cigarette commodities; cigarette commodities with high requirements are stored in a mode that the cigarette commodities are stored in a multi-layer warehouse and a three-layer goods shelf warehouse, the peak value storage requirement is met, and the carrying cost is reduced. For the cigarette commodities belonging to the middle demand, resources of the multi-pass warehouse and the standby three-layer shelf warehouse are flexibly allocated according to the warehousing peak value and the warehousing frequency, so that the storage pressure during the incoming peak is relieved, and the overall storage efficiency of the cigarette commodities is also improved; and for low-demand cigarette commodities, single-warehouse storage is adapted according to the form of incoming goods, so that resource waste is avoided, and scientific rationality of cigarette commodity storage and reduction of the overall cost are finally realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of goods storage management, and in particular to a storage and distribution method, system, equipment and storage medium for multi-variety cigarette products. Background Art

[0002] Goods storage is a vital part of business operations. Its significance lies in ensuring the safety of goods, avoiding damage and loss, and ensuring a stable supply. Reasonable storage planning can reduce warehousing costs, improve space utilization, optimize inventory structure, and reduce capital occupation. At the same time, it helps to achieve efficient circulation and precise allocation of goods, thereby improving the overall operational efficiency and competitiveness of the enterprise.

[0003] In the existing technology, the traditional zoning storage method divides areas according to cigarette product categories, which is convenient for management and inventory, but has poor space utilization flexibility and is prone to idle waste; the first-in-first-out storage method is conducive to ensuring product quality and reducing expiration losses, but it has high requirements for information management and improper operation can easily increase the workload; therefore, there is currently a lack of a scientific and effective cigarette product storage solution. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a storage and distribution method, system, equipment and storage medium for multi-standard cigarette products.

[0005] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A storage and distribution method for multi-variety cigarette products includes the following operations:

[0007] S1. Obtain the total annual shipment volume, total annual arrival volume, and peak single arrival volume of different cigarette product specifications, normalize them, and map them into coordinate values ​​to obtain the characteristic positions of different cigarette products; cluster the characteristic positions of all cigarette products based on the probability of initial center selection to obtain several cluster fields; classify the demand of each cigarette product based on the initial center characteristic position corresponding to the cluster field where each cigarette product is located to obtain the demand classification results; the demand classification results include high demand, medium demand, and low demand;

[0008] S2. For high-demand cigarette products, use the first dual-warehouse storage method, which stores cigarette products in both multi-wall warehouses and three-layer shelf warehouses. Then, sort all high-demand cigarette products according to their comprehensive demand values ​​and perform the operation cost minimization process in sequence to determine the number of multi-wall warehouse shelves and three-layer shelf warehouse shelves for each high-demand cigarette product.

[0009] S3. For cigarette products with medium demand, use a second dual-warehouse system with multiple-pass storage and three-tier shelf warehouses as backup. For cigarette products with medium demand and a peak single-entry volume greater than the peak threshold, determine the number of multiple-pass shelves and the number of backup three-tier shelf warehouses based on the predicted storage quantity of the corresponding cigarette products. For all cigarette products with medium demand and a peak single-entry volume not greater than the peak threshold, determine the number of multiple-pass shelves for each product in descending order of the total number of annual entries.

[0010] S4. Cigarette products with low demand are stored in a single warehouse system, and the corresponding number of multi-wall shelves or three-layer shelf shelves is obtained based on the incoming goods form and the predicted storage quantity of cigarette products.

[0011] In S1, during the clustering process based on the probability of selecting the initial center, the method for obtaining the initial center is as follows: the characteristic positions of all cigarette products form a cigarette product characteristic position set; a characteristic position is randomly selected from the cigarette product characteristic position set as the first initial center; based on the selection probability with the first initial center, a characteristic position is selected from the cigarette product characteristic position set as the second initial center; based on the selection probability with the second initial center, a characteristic position is selected from the cigarette product characteristic position set as the third initial center.

[0012] The selection probability of the current feature position and the first initial center in S2 is the ratio of the sum of the squares of the distances between the current feature position and the first initial center to the sum of the squares of the distances of all feature positions and the first initial center.

[0013] In the clustering processing process based on the probability of selecting the initial center, the method for obtaining the clustering field is as follows: all the remaining feature positions in the cigarette product feature position set that do not include the first initial center, the second initial center and the third initial center form a feature position set to be clustered; randomly obtain a feature position in the feature position set to be clustered as the first feature position to be clustered; obtain the distances between the first initial center, the second initial center and the third initial center and the first feature position to be clustered respectively, combine the first feature position to be clustered with the initial center corresponding to the minimum distance value to form a clustering field, and obtain the position average value as the updated center of the clustering field; for the remaining feature positions to be clustered that do not include the first feature position to be clustered in the feature position set to be clustered, sequentially perform the operations of obtaining the distance to the center, combining with the center corresponding to the minimum distance value, and obtaining the updated center, until the last feature position to be clustered forms a clustering field, and obtain several clustering fields.

[0014] In the first dual-warehouse storage method of S2, when cigarette products enter the warehouse, the cigarette products stored in the multi-through warehouse are in the form of piece goods, and the cigarette products stored in the three-layer shelf warehouse are in the form of pallets; when cigarette products are shipped out, they are shipped out in the form of piece goods.

[0015] The operation of minimizing the activity cost in S2 is realized by the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] n1·q1+n2·q2·p=N,

[0018] q1>λ·q2,

[0019] st(n1,n2) is the optimal solution formed by the number of multi-layer racks n1 and the number of three-layer racks n2. is the total cost of equipment operation for multi-pass storage, Q1 is the equipment operation cost per unit path, and X c is the position of the c-th multi-pass shelf in the X-axis direction in the multi-pass position coordinate system, X c is the height of the cth multi-pass shelf, q1 and q2 are the unit storage capacity of the multi-pass shelf and the three-layer shelf, p is the capacity of the piece goods when the piece goods are stored in the form of pallets, N is the predicted storage quantity of cigarette products, λ is the quantity experience coefficient, λ>1.

[0020] The predicted storage quantity of cigarette products is calculated using the following formula:

[0021]

[0022] N i The predicted storage quantity of cigarette products for the i-th cigarette product, S t is the total storage capacity of the warehouse, D i 、D j are the annual total shipment of the i-th cigarette product and the j-th cigarette product, respectively, and J is the total number of cigarette products.

[0023] A storage and allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products, used to implement the above-mentioned storage and allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products, comprises:

[0024] The demand classification result generation module is used to obtain the annual total shipment volume, annual total number of inbound shipments, and peak single inbound shipment volume for different cigarette product specifications. After normalization, these values ​​are mapped into coordinate values ​​to obtain the characteristic locations of different cigarette products. The characteristic locations of all cigarette products are clustered based on the probability of initial center selection to obtain several cluster fields. Based on the initial center characteristic location corresponding to each cigarette product in the cluster field, each cigarette product is classified into demand categories to obtain demand classification results. The demand classification results include high demand, medium demand, and low demand.

[0025] The module for generating the number of shelves for high-demand cigarette products is used to store high-demand cigarette products using the first dual-warehouse storage method, which stores cigarette products in both multi-wall warehouses and three-layer shelf warehouses. It also sorts all high-demand cigarette products according to their comprehensive demand values ​​and performs operation cost minimization processing in sequence to obtain the number of shelves in the multi-wall warehouse and the number of shelves in the three-layer shelf warehouse for each high-demand cigarette product.

[0026] The module for generating the number of shelves for medium-demand cigarette products uses a second dual-warehouse storage method of multi-through storage and a three-layer shelf warehouse as a backup for cigarette products with medium demand. For cigarette products with medium demand and a single storage volume peak greater than a peak threshold, the module obtains the number of multi-through shelves and the number of backup three-layer shelves based on the predicted storage quantity of the corresponding cigarette products. For all cigarette products with medium demand and a single storage volume peak not greater than the peak threshold, the module obtains the number of multi-through shelves for each product in descending order of the total number of annual storage times.

[0027] The module for generating the number of shelves for low-demand cigarette products stores low-demand cigarette products in a single-warehouse storage mode, and obtains the corresponding number of shelves in multi-warehouses or three-layer shelves based on the incoming goods form and predicted storage quantity of cigarette products.

[0028] A storage and distribution device for multi-variety cigarette products comprises a processor and a memory, wherein the processor implements the storage and distribution method for multi-variety cigarette products when executing a computer program stored in the memory.

[0029] A computer-readable storage medium is used to store a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-mentioned storage and allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0031] The present invention provides a storage and allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products. First, the total annual outbound volume, the total annual inbound volume, and the peak value of a single inbound volume of cigarette products are normalized and clustered to perform demand classification, and the cigarette products are divided into high, medium, and low demand categories; then, differentiated storage strategies are adopted for different demand levels; among them, high-demand cigarette products are stored by using a multi-pass warehouse and a three-layer shelf warehouse to store cigarette products. The dual warehouses work together and are combined with operation cost optimization to meet peak storage demand and reduce transportation costs; medium-demand cigarette products are stored according to The peak value and number of warehousing times are taken into consideration, and the resources of multi-pass warehouses and spare three-layer shelf warehouses are flexibly allocated, which not only effectively alleviates the storage pressure during the peak period of incoming goods, but also improves the overall storage efficiency of cigarette products. Low-demand cigarette products are adapted to the single-warehouse storage system according to the incoming goods form to avoid waste of resources. This method constructs a closed-loop storage system from accurate demand identification, resource layer allocation to dynamic strategy adjustment, effectively improves the peak storage response capability, reduces warehouse redundancy and ineffective transportation, and ultimately achieves scientific rationality of cigarette product storage and overall cost reduction through coordinated optimization of storage and transportation links. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] This embodiment provides a storage and allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products, including the following operations:

[0033] S1. Obtain the total annual shipment volume, total annual arrival volume, and peak single arrival volume of different cigarette product specifications, normalize them, and map them into coordinate values ​​to obtain the characteristic positions of different cigarette products; cluster the characteristic positions of all cigarette products based on the probability of initial center selection to obtain several cluster fields; classify the demand of each cigarette product based on the initial center characteristic position corresponding to the cluster field where each cigarette product is located to obtain the demand classification results; the demand classification results include high demand, medium demand, and low demand;

[0034] S2. For high-demand cigarette products, use the first dual-warehouse storage method, which stores cigarette products in both multi-wall warehouses and three-layer shelf warehouses. Then, sort all high-demand cigarette products according to their comprehensive demand values ​​and perform the operation cost minimization process in sequence to determine the number of multi-wall warehouse shelves and three-layer shelf warehouse shelves for each high-demand cigarette product.

[0035] S3. For cigarette products with medium demand, use a second dual-warehouse system with multiple-pass storage and three-tier shelf warehouses as backup. For cigarette products with medium demand and a peak single-entry volume greater than the peak threshold, determine the number of multiple-pass shelves and the number of backup three-tier shelf warehouses based on the predicted storage quantity of the corresponding cigarette products. For all cigarette products with medium demand and a peak single-entry volume not greater than the peak threshold, determine the number of multiple-pass shelves for each product in descending order of the total number of annual entries.

[0036] S4. Cigarette products with low demand are stored in a single warehouse system, and the corresponding number of multi-wall shelves or three-layer shelf shelves is obtained based on the incoming goods form and the predicted storage quantity of cigarette products.

[0037] The specific steps are detailed below.

[0038] S1. Obtain the total annual outbound volume, total annual inbound volume, and peak single inbound volume of different cigarette product specifications, normalize them, and map them into coordinate values ​​to obtain the characteristic positions of different cigarette products; cluster the characteristic positions of all cigarette products based on the probability of initial center selection to obtain several cluster fields; perform demand classification on each cigarette product based on the initial center characteristic position corresponding to the cluster field where each cigarette product is located to obtain the demand classification result.

[0039] By obtaining the total annual outbound volume, total annual inbound volume, and peak single inbound volume of cigarette products of different specifications and normalizing them into feature positions, and then performing demand classification based on initial center selection probability clustering, it is possible to achieve multi-indicator accurate classification of cigarette products in three dimensions: outbound sales volume, inbound frequency, and single inbound volume, and obtain more accurate cigarette product demand classification results, which facilitates the subsequent matching of cigarette products with corresponding storage strategies based on the demand classification results, thereby improving storage efficiency, optimizing space utilization, and reducing management costs.

[0040] First, we collected the total annual shipments, total annual inbound shipments, and peak single inbound shipments for different cigarette product specifications over the previous year as factors influencing cigarette storage. After normalizing the data to achieve uniform data size, we mapped it into coordinate values. This yielded characteristic locations that facilitated visual analysis of sales and incoming shipments of different cigarette product specifications and objectively understood the data structure of cigarette products. The x-, y-, and z-axis values ​​of the characteristic locations were the total annual shipments, total annual inbound shipments, and peak single inbound shipments, respectively.

[0041] Then, the characteristic positions of all cigarette products are clustered based on the probability of initial center selection, and cigarette products with similar characteristic positions and similar demand attributes are classified into one category to obtain several cluster fields.

[0042] The specific operation steps of the clustering process based on the initial center selection probability are as follows.

[0043] In step a, the characteristic positions of all cigarette products form a cigarette product characteristic position set; a characteristic position is randomly selected from the cigarette product characteristic position set as the first initial center; based on the selection probability of each characteristic position in the cigarette product characteristic position set that does not include the first initial center and the first initial center, a characteristic position is selected from the cigarette product characteristic position set as the second initial center; similarly, based on the selection probability of each characteristic position in the cigarette product characteristic position set that does not include the first and second initial centers and the second initial center, a characteristic position is selected from the cigarette product characteristic position set as the third initial center. The greater the selection probability, the greater the probability that the corresponding characteristic position will be selected as the initial center.

[0044] The selection probability of the current feature position and the first initial center is the ratio of the sum of the squared distances between the current feature position and the first initial center to the sum of the squared distances between all feature positions (excluding the first initial center) and the first initial center. Similarly, the selection probability of the current feature position and the second initial center is the ratio of the sum of the squared distances between the current feature position and the second initial center to the sum of the squared distances between all feature positions (excluding the second initial center and the first initial center) and the second initial center.

[0045] Step b: Based on the first initial center, the second initial center and the third initial center, the cigarette product feature positions are concentrated, excluding the remaining feature positions of the initial centers (the first initial center, the second initial center and the third initial center), and clustered to form several cluster fields.

[0046] The clustering processing operation (clustering field acquisition method) is specifically as follows: all remaining feature positions in the cigarette product feature position set that do not include the first initial center, the second initial center, and the third initial center form a feature position set to be clustered; randomly obtain a feature position in the feature position set to be clustered as the first feature position to be clustered; obtain the distances between the first initial center, the second initial center, and the third initial center and the first feature position to be clustered respectively, combine the first feature position to be clustered with the initial center corresponding to the minimum distance value to form a clustering field, and obtain the position average value as the updated center of the clustering field; for the remaining feature positions to be clustered that do not include the first feature position to be clustered in the feature position set to be clustered, sequentially perform the operations of obtaining the distance from the center (initial center or updated center), combining with the center corresponding to the minimum distance value (initial center or updated center), and obtaining the updated center, until the last feature position to be clustered forms a clustering field, and obtains several clustering fields.

[0047] Finally, based on the characteristic position of the initial center in each cluster, each cigarette product is classified into demand categories, resulting in demand classification results. The demand classification results include high demand, medium demand, and low demand. That is, based on the characteristic positions of the first, second, and third initial centers, the cluster is divided into high-demand cigarette product clusters, medium-demand cigarette product clusters, and low-demand cigarette product clusters. The cigarette products in the clusters are correspondingly divided into high demand, medium demand, and low demand.

[0048] For example, if the horizontal, vertical, and vertical coordinates of the characteristic position of the first initial center are greater than the first horizontal coordinate threshold, the first vertical coordinate threshold, and the first vertical coordinate threshold, respectively, it proves that the characteristic position in the cluster field where the first initial center is located has a high annual total shipment volume, annual total number of arrivals, and peak single arrival volume of cigarette products, and market demand is also high. In this case, the cluster field where the first initial center is located is a high-demand cigarette product cluster field. If the horizontal, vertical, and vertical coordinates of the characteristic position of the third initial center are less than the second horizontal coordinate threshold, the second vertical coordinate threshold, and the second vertical coordinate threshold, respectively, it proves that the characteristic position in the cluster field where the third initial center is located has a low annual total shipment volume, annual total number of arrivals, and peak single arrival volume of cigarette products, and market demand is relatively low. In this case, the cluster field where the third initial center is located is a low-demand cigarette product cluster field. The first horizontal coordinate threshold, the first vertical coordinate threshold, and the first vertical coordinate threshold are greater than the second horizontal coordinate threshold, the second vertical coordinate threshold, and the second vertical coordinate threshold, respectively. Naturally, in the clustering results, except for the clusters where the second and third initial centers are located, the remaining cluster, that is, the cluster where the second initial center is located, belongs to the middle zone. The characteristic positions in the cluster correspond to the annual total outbound volume, annual total inbound volume and peak volume of single inbound volume of cigarette products, which are all average, and the market demand is relatively medium. Therefore, the cluster where the second initial center is located is a medium-demand cigarette product cluster.

[0049] By randomly selecting the first initial center from the characteristic position of cigarette products, and determining other initial centers in turn according to the selection probability, and then clustering the remaining characteristic positions, according to the initial center, different specifications of cigarette products are divided into high, medium and low demand based on the multi-dimensional characteristics of annual total outbound volume, annual total number of inbound times and single inbound volume peak. This can avoid the one-sidedness of traditional single indicator classification. At the same time, through the selection probability and clustering processing of the initial center, dynamic matching of demand classification and multi-dimensional outbound sales characteristics is achieved, thereby improving classification accuracy and the ability to characterize the real demand for cigarette products, providing more accurate decision-making basis for subsequent inventory management, supply chain optimization, etc.

[0050] S2. For cigarette products with high demand, use the first double-warehouse storage method of storing cigarette products in both multi-through warehouses and three-layer shelf warehouses, and sort all cigarette products with high demand according to the comprehensive demand value, and perform operation cost minimization processing in sequence to obtain the number of multi-through warehouse shelves and three-layer shelf warehouse shelves for each high-demand cigarette product.

[0051] For high-demand cigarette products with high annual outbound volume, annual inbound volume and peak single inbound volume, the first double-warehouse storage method combining multi-through warehouse and three-layer shelf warehouse is adopted. After sorting by comprehensive demand value, the operation cost is minimized. On the basis of meeting the maximum peak storage demand, it can reduce handling costs, improve transportation utilization rate, and realize scientific and rational storage allocation.

[0052] If cigarettes are in high demand, they are stored using the first dual-warehouse system. In this system, both multi-pass warehouses and three-tiered rack warehouses are used to store cigarettes. Multi-pass warehouses offer high-density storage and rapid access, while three-tiered rack warehouses focus on flexibility and turnover efficiency. The two combine to form a complementary storage network. When peak inbound volume occurs, both warehouses can be expanded simultaneously to accommodate the maximum storage capacity, avoiding storage overflow caused by insufficient capacity in a single warehouse area. This ensures that peak demand can be rigidly met based on the principle of physical space allocation.

[0053] Among them, a multi-pass warehouse contains several three-dimensional shelves, the number of layers of the three-dimensional shelves is greater than the first layer number threshold, the first layer number threshold is greater than 3 layers, or even much greater, the height of each layer is small, not greater than the first layer height threshold, and is used to store small-thickness piece goods, and the distance between the three-dimensional shelves is less than the first distance threshold, and they are densely arranged. Automatic shuttles are used to load and unload goods between the three-dimensional shelves, and the rail-type automatic shuttles can move in the horizontal and vertical directions. Therefore, the multi-pass warehouse has the advantages of high space utilization and outbound efficiency, and low transportation costs. A three-layer shelf warehouse contains several fixed three-layer shelves, each layer height is large, the layer height is greater than the second layer height threshold, the second layer height threshold is greater than the first layer height threshold, or even much greater, the aisles between the shelves are wide, the distance between the shelves is greater than the second distance threshold, the second distance threshold is greater than the first distance threshold, and the arrangement is relatively sparse. The construction cost of a three-layer shelf warehouse is low, and manual forklifts are required to load and unload goods. The operation is more flexible, but the labor cost is higher.

[0054] In the first dual-warehouse storage method, cigarettes are stored in multi-pass warehouses as piece goods when entering the warehouse, and in three-tiered rack warehouses as pallets (one pallet can hold several piece goods). When cigarettes are shipped out, they are shipped as piece goods. This method eliminates the redundant work processes and manual labor caused by the depalletizing and stacking process in the original model, reduces the operating costs of connecting between links, improves the automation level of logistics distribution center operations, optimizes the underlying operation process logic, achieves substantial cost reduction and efficiency improvement, and improves the operational capacity of the logistics distribution center.

[0055] At the same time, all high-demand cigarette products are sorted by their comprehensive demand value, and the operating cost minimization process is performed. This determines the number of multi-layer racks and three-layer racks for each high-demand cigarette product. The comprehensive demand value is the weighted sum of the total annual shipment volume, the total annual shipment volume, and the peak single shipment volume.

[0056] In the process of minimizing the operating cost, the preset scheme corresponding to the minimum operating cost among several preset schemes is used as the optimal allocation scheme to obtain the number of multi-through warehouse shelves and the number of three-layer shelf shelves. Among them, in each preset scheme, there is a preset number of multi-through warehouse shelves and a preset number of three-layer shelf shelves, and according to the shelf position allocation principle of the distance from the multi-through warehouse shelves and the three-layer shelf shelves to their respective exit doors from near to far, the multi-through warehouse shelf number and the three-layer shelf shelf number are pre-selected to determine the operation path of the equipment (automatic shuttle) in the multi-through warehouse, and also to achieve the orderly discharge of different specifications of cigarette products in the multi-through warehouse and the three-layer shelf warehouse. At the same time, according to the order of comprehensive demand value from large to small, the shelf numbers of the remaining shelves in the multi-through warehouse and the three-layer shelf warehouse are pre-selected.

[0057] The above operation cost minimization process is achieved through the following formula:

[0058]

[0059] n1·q1+n2·q2·p=N,

[0060] q1>λ·q2,

[0061] st(n1,n2) is the optimal solution formed by the number of multi-layer racks n1 and the number of three-layer racks n2. is the total cost of equipment operation for multi-pass storage, Q1 is the equipment operation cost per unit path, and X c is the position of the c-th multi-pass shelf in the X-axis direction in the multi-pass position coordinate system, and Z c is the height of the c-th multi-pass rack, X c 、Z cIt reflects the running path of the equipment (automatic shuttle) on the cth multi-through warehouse shelf, q1 and q2 are the unit storage capacity of the multi-through warehouse shelf and the unit storage capacity of the three-layer shelf shelf respectively, p is the piece cargo capacity when the pallet form is used to store piece cargo, N is the predicted storage quantity of cigarette products, λ is the quantity experience coefficient, λ>1, to ensure that the number of multi-through warehouses is greater than that of three-layer shelf warehouses. In the first double-warehouse storage method, multi-through warehouse storage is mainly used, and the buffering role of the three-layer shelf warehouse is played, so that cigarette products with high frequency of handling and large storage requirements are preferentially allocated to the warehouse area with higher handling efficiency, such as multi-through warehouses are suitable for high-frequency entry and exit, and three-layer shelf warehouses are suitable for batch storage), so as to reduce the handling cost of unit cigarette products.

[0062] The predicted storage quantity of the above cigarette products is calculated by the following formula:

[0063]

[0064] N i The predicted storage quantity of cigarette products for the i-th cigarette product, S t is the total storage capacity of the warehouse, D i 、D j They are the annual total shipment of the i-th cigarette product and the j-th cigarette product, respectively, and J is the total number of cigarette products. The ratio of the shipment volume of cigarette products to the total shipment volume can indirectly reflect the sales proportion of cigarette products and the market demand. The storage quantity of each cigarette product can be reasonably planned in combination with the total storage capacity.

[0065] If the annual inventory data of cigarette products is known, the predicted storage quantity of the above cigarette products can be calculated using the following formula:

[0066]

[0067] N i The predicted storage quantity of cigarette products for the i-th cigarette product, S t is the total storage capacity of the warehouse, R i 、R j They are the annual total inventory of the i-th cigarette product and the annual total inventory of the j-th cigarette product, and J is the total number of cigarette products. The ratio of the inventory of cigarette products to the total inventory can clearly reflect the weight of cigarette products in procurement and inventory replenishment, and the storage quantity of cigarette products can be reasonably allocated in combination with the total storage capacity of the warehouse.

[0068] S3. For cigarette products with medium demand, use the second dual-warehouse storage method of multi-through warehouse storage and three-layer shelf warehouse backup; for cigarette products with medium demand and a single storage volume peak greater than the peak threshold, obtain the number of multi-through warehouses and the number of backup three-layer shelf warehouses based on the predicted storage quantity of the corresponding cigarette products; for all cigarette products with medium demand and a single storage volume peak not greater than the peak threshold, obtain the number of multi-through warehouses in descending order of the total number of annual storage times.

[0069] Using the remaining shelves after storing high-demand cigarettes as the primary resource, a differentiated dual-warehouse storage strategy is implemented for complex medium-demand cigarettes. For medium-demand cigarettes with peak single-time incoming volume exceeding a threshold, multi-pass warehouses and spare three-tier shelf warehouses are dynamically allocated based on predicted storage quantities, precisely matching peak storage capacity and effectively alleviating storage pressure during peak incoming volumes. For medium-demand cigarettes with peak volumes below the threshold, multi-pass warehouses are prioritized for allocation in descending order of total annual incoming volume. Leveraging the multi-pass warehouses' automated, high-density storage, and rapid access capabilities, this strategy improves overall cigarette storage efficiency and ensures efficient use of storage resources.

[0070] If cigarette products are in medium demand, the storage method of cigarette products is the second double-warehouse storage method; the second double-warehouse storage method is equipped with a multi-through warehouse and a spare three-layer shelf warehouse. Cigarette products are stored in the multi-through warehouse. Although cigarette products are not stored in the three-layer shelf warehouse, it is still used to cope with inventory pressure and shipment pressure during peak hours.

[0071] In addition, with the remaining shelves after the storage of high-demand cigarette products as the basic resources, cigarette products with medium demand and a single storage volume peak greater than the peak threshold are used. These cigarette products are prone to congestion when they arrive, so it is preferred to obtain the number of multi-pass warehouse shelves and the number of three-layer shelf shelves according to the predicted storage quantity of the corresponding cigarette products. Specifically, for all cigarette products with medium demand and a single storage volume peak greater than the peak threshold, in descending order of the single storage volume peak, the number of multi-pass warehouse shelves is obtained in turn according to the corresponding cigarette product predicted storage quantity and the multi-pass warehouse shelf unit storage capacity; the larger the single storage volume peak of the cigarette product, the closer the multi-pass warehouse shelf is to the exit door; and the number of spare three-layer shelf shelves is obtained in turn according to the corresponding cigarette product predicted storage quantity, the single storage volume peak and the three-layer shelf shelf unit storage capacity; the larger the single storage volume peak of the cigarette product, the closer the spare three-layer shelf shelf is to the exit door.

[0072] The number of spare three-tier racks in the above-mentioned warehouse is calculated according to the following formula:

[0073]

[0074] n′2 is the number of spare three-layer shelves in the i-th cigarette product warehouse, F i ,max、F i , min is the peak value and minimum value of the single storage quantity of the i-th cigarette product, γ is the safety factor (empirical value), and q2 is the unit storage capacity of the three-layer shelf warehouse.

[0075] After all medium-demand cigarette products with a single incoming volume peak greater than the peak threshold are allocated, all cigarette products with medium demand and a single incoming volume peak not greater than the peak threshold will be allocated based on the remaining multi-pass shelves and three-layer shelves. At this time, the pressure on handling the incoming cigarette product volume is small. The number of multi-pass shelves for each product is obtained in descending order of the total annual incoming volume, which reflects the frequency of incoming goods. The greater the total annual incoming volume, the closer the corresponding multi-pass shelf is to the outbound door. This improves handling efficiency, reduces labor costs, and saves handling costs. At this time, the number of multi-pass shelves is obtained based on the predicted storage quantity of cigarette products and the unit storage capacity of the multi-pass shelves.

[0076] S4. Cigarette products with low demand are stored in a single warehouse system, and the corresponding multi-warehouse quantity or three-layer shelf warehouse quantity is obtained based on the incoming goods form and the predicted storage quantity of cigarette products.

[0077] The remaining shelves after storing high- and medium-demand cigarette products are used as basic resources, and a single-warehouse storage method is adopted for low-demand cigarette products. Based on the incoming goods form and predicted storage quantity of cigarette products, multi-through warehouses or three-layer shelf warehouses are flexibly selected for storage to achieve efficient allocation of warehouse resources and scientific planning of storage solutions.

[0078] The remaining shelves after storing high-demand and medium-demand cigarettes are used as the primary resource. For low-demand cigarettes, single-warehouse storage is used. Single-warehouse storage can be multi-layer or three-tiered. If cigarettes arrive on pallets, they are stored on three-tiered shelves; if cigarettes arrive in piece form, they are stored in multi-layered warehouses.

[0079] In addition, for cigarette products arriving in pallet or piece form, the corresponding number of multi-pass racks or three-tier racks is determined based on the predicted storage quantity of each cigarette product, in descending order of annual shipment volume. For cigarette products with larger annual shipment volumes, the closer their multi-pass racks or three-tier racks are to the shipment door.

[0080] To verify the effectiveness of this allocation method, experiments were conducted on cigarette products of different specifications. The clustering results are shown in Table 1, and the storage results are shown in Table 2.

[0081] Table 1. Summary of clustering results of cigarette products of different specifications

[0082]

[0083] Table 2. Summary of storage results of cigarettes of different specifications

[0084]

[0085]

[0086] This embodiment provides a storage and allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products, which is used to implement the above-mentioned storage and allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products, including:

[0087] The demand classification result generation module is used to obtain the annual total shipment volume, annual total number of inbound shipments, and peak single inbound shipment volume for different cigarette product specifications. After normalization, these values ​​are mapped into coordinate values ​​to obtain the characteristic locations of different cigarette products. The characteristic locations of all cigarette products are clustered based on the probability of initial center selection to obtain several cluster fields. Based on the initial center characteristic location corresponding to each cigarette product in the cluster field, each cigarette product is classified into demand categories to obtain demand classification results. The demand classification results include high demand, medium demand, and low demand.

[0088] The module for generating the number of shelves for high-demand cigarette products is used to store high-demand cigarette products using the first dual-warehouse storage method, which stores cigarette products in both multi-wall warehouses and three-layer shelf warehouses. It also sorts all high-demand cigarette products according to their comprehensive demand values ​​and performs operation cost minimization processing in sequence to obtain the number of shelves in the multi-wall warehouse and the number of shelves in the three-layer shelf warehouse for each high-demand cigarette product.

[0089] The module for generating the number of shelves for medium-demand cigarette products uses a second dual-warehouse storage method of multi-through storage and a three-layer shelf warehouse as a backup for cigarette products with medium demand. For cigarette products with medium demand and a single storage volume peak greater than a peak threshold, the module obtains the number of multi-through shelves and the number of backup three-layer shelves based on the predicted storage quantity of the corresponding cigarette products. For all cigarette products with medium demand and a single storage volume peak not greater than the peak threshold, the module obtains the number of multi-through shelves for each product in descending order of the total number of annual storage times.

[0090] The module for generating the number of shelves for low-demand cigarette products stores low-demand cigarette products in a single-warehouse storage mode, and obtains the corresponding number of shelves in multi-warehouses or three-layer shelves based on the incoming goods form and predicted storage quantity of cigarette products.

[0091] This embodiment provides a storage and allocation device for multi-variety cigarette products, including a processor and a memory, wherein the processor implements the above-mentioned storage and allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products when executing a computer program stored in the memory.

[0092] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the above-mentioned storage and allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products.

[0093] This embodiment provides a storage allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products. First, the total annual outbound volume, the total annual inbound volume, and the peak value of a single inbound volume of cigarette products are normalized and clustered to perform demand classification, and the cigarette products are divided into high, medium, and low demand categories. Then, differentiated storage strategies are adopted for different demand levels. Among them, high-demand cigarette products are stored by using a multi-pass warehouse and a three-layer shelf warehouse to store cigarette products. The dual warehouses work together and are combined with operation cost optimization to meet peak storage demand and reduce transportation costs. Medium-demand cigarette products are stored according to The peak value and number of warehousing times are taken into consideration, and the resources of multi-pass warehouses and spare three-layer shelf warehouses are flexibly allocated, which not only effectively alleviates the storage pressure during the peak period of incoming goods, but also improves the overall storage efficiency of cigarette products. Low-demand cigarette products are adapted to the single-warehouse storage system according to the incoming goods form to avoid waste of resources. This method constructs a closed-loop storage system from accurate demand identification, resource layer allocation to dynamic strategy adjustment, effectively improves the peak storage response capability, reduces warehouse redundancy and ineffective transportation, and ultimately achieves scientific rationality of cigarette product storage and overall cost reduction through coordinated optimization of storage and transportation links.

Claims

1. A storage and distribution method for multi-variety cigarettes, characterized in that: The following operations are included: S1. Obtain the total annual shipment volume, total annual arrival volume, and peak single arrival volume of different cigarette product specifications, normalize them, and map them into coordinate values ​​to obtain the characteristic positions of different cigarette products; cluster the characteristic positions of all cigarette products based on the probability of initial center selection to obtain several cluster fields; classify the demand of each cigarette product based on the initial center characteristic position corresponding to the cluster field where each cigarette product is located to obtain the demand classification results; the demand classification results include high demand, medium demand, and low demand; S2. For high-demand cigarette products, use the first dual-warehouse storage method, which stores cigarette products in both multi-wall warehouses and three-layer shelf warehouses. Then, sort all high-demand cigarette products according to their comprehensive demand values ​​and perform the operation cost minimization process in sequence to determine the number of multi-wall warehouse shelves and three-layer shelf warehouse shelves for each high-demand cigarette product. S3. For cigarette products with medium demand, a second dual storage system with multiple storage areas and three-tiered shelf storage as backup is used for storage. For cigarette products with medium demand and a single storage volume peak greater than the peak threshold, the number of multi-pass shelves and spare three-layer shelves are obtained based on the predicted storage quantity of the corresponding cigarette products; For all cigarette products with medium demand and a single storage volume peak not exceeding the peak threshold, obtain the number of multi-pass shelves for each product in descending order of the total number of annual storage times; S4. Cigarette products with low demand are stored in a single warehouse system, and the corresponding number of multi-wall shelves or three-layer shelf shelves is obtained based on the incoming goods form and the predicted storage quantity of cigarette products.

2. The storage and distribution method for multi-variety cigarette products according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, in the clustering process based on the probability of selecting the initial center, the method for obtaining the initial center is: The characteristic positions of all cigarette products form a cigarette product characteristic position set; a characteristic position is randomly selected from the cigarette product characteristic position set as the first initial center; based on the selection probability with the first initial center, a characteristic position is selected from the cigarette product characteristic position set as the second initial center; based on the selection probability with the second initial center, a characteristic position is selected from the cigarette product characteristic position set as the third initial center.

3. The storage and distribution method for multi-variety cigarette products according to claim 2, characterized in that: In S2, the selection probability of the current feature position and the first initial center is the ratio of the sum of the squares of the distances between the current feature position and the first initial center to the total sum of the squares of the distances between all feature positions and the first initial center.

4. The storage and distribution method for multi-variety cigarette products according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the clustering process based on the probability of initial center selection, the clustering field is obtained as follows: All remaining feature positions in the cigarette product feature position set excluding the first initial center, the second initial center, and the third initial center form the feature position set to be clustered; Randomly obtain a feature position in the set of feature positions to be clustered as the first feature position to be clustered; obtain the distances between the first initial center, the second initial center, and the third initial center and the first feature position to be clustered respectively, combine the first feature position to be clustered with the initial center corresponding to the minimum distance value to form a cluster field, and obtain the position average value as the update center of the cluster field; For the remaining feature positions to be clustered that do not include the first feature position to be clustered in the feature position set to be clustered, the operations of obtaining the distance from the center, combining with the center corresponding to the minimum distance value, and updating the center are sequentially performed until the last feature position to be clustered forms a cluster field, thereby obtaining several cluster fields.

5. The storage and distribution method for multi-variety cigarette products according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the first dual-warehouse storage method of S2, when cigarette products enter the warehouse, the cigarette products stored in the multi-through warehouse are in the form of piece goods, and the cigarette products stored in the three-layer shelf warehouse are in the form of pallets; when cigarette products are shipped out, they are shipped out in the form of piece goods.

6. The storage and distribution method for multi-variety cigarette products according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the operation of minimizing the activity cost is realized by the following formula: n1·q1+n2·q2·p=N, q1>λ·q2, st(n1,n2) is the optimal solution formed by the number of multi-layer racks n1 and the number of three-layer racks n2. is the total cost of equipment operation for multi-pass storage, Q1 is the equipment operation cost per unit path, and X c is the position of the c-th multi-pass shelf in the X-axis direction in the multi-pass position coordinate system, X c is the height of the cth multi-pass shelf, q1 and q2 are the unit storage capacity of the multi-pass shelf and the three-layer shelf, p is the capacity of the piece goods when the piece goods are stored in the form of pallets, N is the predicted storage quantity of cigarette products, λ is the quantity experience coefficient, λ>1.

7. The storage and distribution method for multi-variety cigarette products according to claim 6, characterized in that: The predicted storage quantity of cigarette products is calculated using the following formula: N i The predicted storage quantity of cigarette products for the i-th cigarette product, S t is the total storage capacity of the warehouse, D i 、D j are the annual total shipment of the i-th cigarette product and the j-th cigarette product, respectively, and J is the total number of cigarette products.

8. A storage and allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products, used to implement the storage and allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: The demand classification result generation module is used to obtain the annual total shipment volume, annual total number of inbound shipments, and peak single inbound shipment volume for different cigarette product specifications. After normalization, these values ​​are mapped into coordinate values ​​to obtain the characteristic locations of different cigarette products. The characteristic locations of all cigarette products are clustered based on the probability of initial center selection to obtain several cluster fields. Based on the initial center characteristic location corresponding to each cigarette product in the cluster field, each cigarette product is classified into demand categories to obtain demand classification results. The demand classification results include high demand, medium demand, and low demand. The module for generating the number of shelves for high-demand cigarette products is used to store high-demand cigarette products using the first dual-warehouse storage method, which stores cigarette products in both multi-wall warehouses and three-layer shelf warehouses. It also sorts all high-demand cigarette products according to their comprehensive demand values ​​and performs operation cost minimization processing in sequence to obtain the number of shelves in the multi-wall warehouse and the number of shelves in the three-layer shelf warehouse for each high-demand cigarette product. The module for generating the number of shelves for medium-demand cigarette products uses a second dual-warehouse storage method of multi-through storage and a three-layer shelf warehouse as a backup for cigarette products with medium demand. For cigarette products with medium demand and a single storage volume peak greater than a peak threshold, the module obtains the number of multi-through shelves and the number of backup three-layer shelves based on the predicted storage quantity of the corresponding cigarette products. For all cigarette products with medium demand and a single storage volume peak not greater than the peak threshold, the module obtains the number of multi-through shelves for each product in descending order of the total number of annual storage times. The module for generating the number of shelves for low-demand cigarette products stores low-demand cigarette products in a single-warehouse storage mode, and obtains the corresponding number of shelves in multi-warehouses or three-layer shelves based on the incoming goods form and predicted storage quantity of cigarette products.

9. A storage and distribution device for multi-standard cigarette products, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and a memory, wherein when the processor executes the computer program stored in the memory, the storage and allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that Used to store a computer program, wherein when the computer program is executed by a processor, the storage and allocation method for multi-variety cigarette products according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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