Voltage regulation methods, devices and intelligent terminals for low-voltage distribution areas

Abstract

This invention provides a voltage regulation method, device, and intelligent terminal for low-voltage distribution areas, belonging to the field of power system technology. The method includes: upon detecting a voltage exceedance in the low-voltage distribution area, acquiring the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area; based on the current operating parameters, calculating an optimal voltage regulation strategy using a preset voltage regulation model. The preset voltage regulation model is an optimization model established under preset constraints, with the optimization objectives of minimizing losses and maximizing voltage regulation rewards. The optimal voltage regulation strategy includes the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic-storage operator, the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic-storage user, and the predicted voltage of each node within the low-voltage distribution area; and performing voltage regulation on the power grid based on the optimal voltage regulation strategy. This method can alleviate the contradiction between the economic efficiency of voltage regulation by various parties and the overall voltage regulation stability, and reduce the deviation between the theoretical optimization of the voltage regulation strategy and actual operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system technology, specifically to a voltage regulation method for a low-voltage distribution area, a voltage regulation device for a low-voltage distribution area, a smart terminal, a machine-readable storage medium, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] Distribution substations, serving as the "last mile" of power transmission, typically have a radial structure. With the large-scale grid connection of residential photovoltaic (PV) systems, the traditional low-voltage distribution network, previously a "single-source" network, transforms into a "multi-source" network, fundamentally altering the power flow distribution characteristics. Due to the volatility, intermittency, and randomness of PV power generation, distribution substations will face issues such as voltage exceeding limits and fluctuations, and three-phase imbalances after the grid connection of residential PV systems.

[0003] To address the issue of voltage exceeding limits, the current centralized or distributed control methods employ dynamic partitioning of clusters and multi-timescale control. While this approach can ensure voltage stability, it overlooks the cost associated with control, making the trade-off between economic efficiency and stability more prominent and leading to discrepancies between theoretical optimization and actual operation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a voltage regulation method for a low-voltage distribution area, a voltage regulation device for a low-voltage distribution area, a smart terminal, a machine-readable storage medium, and an electronic device. This voltage regulation method for a low-voltage distribution area can alleviate the contradiction between the economic efficiency of voltage regulation by various parties and the overall stability of voltage regulation, and reduce the deviation between the theoretical optimization of voltage regulation strategy and actual operation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this application provides a voltage regulation method for a low-voltage distribution area, wherein the low-voltage distribution area includes a photovoltaic-storage operator, photovoltaic-storage users, ordinary users, and a power grid, wherein the photovoltaic-storage operator, photovoltaic-storage users, and ordinary users are respectively connected to the power grid, the photovoltaic-storage operator and the power grid supply power to the ordinary users and the photovoltaic-storage users, and the photovoltaic-storage users supply power to themselves; the voltage regulation method for the low-voltage distribution area includes:

[0006] If a voltage over-limit is detected in the low-voltage distribution area, the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area are obtained;

[0007] Based on the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area, the optimal voltage regulation strategy is calculated using a preset voltage regulation model. The preset voltage regulation model is an optimization model established under preset constraints with the optimization objectives of minimizing losses and maximizing voltage regulation rewards. The optimal voltage regulation strategy includes the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator, the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic and energy storage user, and the predicted voltage of each node in the low-voltage distribution area.

[0008] Based on the optimal voltage regulation strategy, the voltage of the power grid is regulated.

[0009] In this embodiment, the optimal voltage regulation strategy further includes the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the photovoltaic storage operator and the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the photovoltaic storage user; the voltage regulation method for the low-voltage distribution area further includes:

[0010] The voltage regulation incentive unit price of the photovoltaic storage operator and the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the photovoltaic storage user are sent to the corresponding photovoltaic storage operator and photovoltaic storage user, respectively.

[0011] In this embodiment of the application, the optimization objective of the preset voltage regulation model is:

[0012]

[0013] in, This represents the voltage over-limit risk value. For the economic losses of photovoltaic and energy storage operators, Incentives for photovoltaic and energy storage operators to participate in voltage regulation. For the economic losses of all optical storage users, , For the economic losses of individual optical storage users, Voltage regulation rewards will be offered to all photovoltaic and energy storage users. , Voltage regulation rewards are offered to individual photovoltaic and energy storage users. The variance of revenue for all photovoltaic storage users. , , , These represent the preference weights for each optimization term. For the total number of all regular users, This refers to the total number of all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the area.

[0014] In this embodiment of the application, the variance of revenue for all optical storage users is:

[0015] .

[0016] In this embodiment of the application, the voltage over-limit risk value is expressed as:

[0017] ,

[0018] in, This is the upper limit of the voltage limit. This represents the upper limit of the voltage warning range. Let N be the voltage warning limit for the nth node, where N is the number of nodes in the low-voltage distribution area. This represents the risk value for voltage exceeding the limit.

[0019] In this embodiment of the application, the economic loss of the optical storage operator is the sum of the first cost and the second cost;

[0020] The first cost is the sum of the equipment loss and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the photovoltaic equipment of the photovoltaic storage operator, the equipment loss costs of photovoltaic reactive power regulation of the photovoltaic storage operator, and the curtailment losses of the photovoltaic storage operator;

[0021] The second cost is the sum of the equipment loss and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the energy storage equipment of the photovoltaic and energy storage operators, the equipment loss costs of the active power regulation of the energy storage of the photovoltaic and energy storage operators, and the active power losses of the active power regulation of the energy storage of the photovoltaic and energy storage operators.

[0022] In this embodiment of the application, the equipment loss and maintenance cost caused by the voltage fluctuation to the photovoltaic equipment of the photovoltaic storage operator is the product of the degree of voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic storage operator's node and the maintenance cost of the photovoltaic equipment per unit voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic storage operator.

[0023] The equipment loss cost of photovoltaic reactive power regulation for photovoltaic energy storage operators is the product of the reactive power of photovoltaic equipment participating in voltage regulation and the equipment cost per unit reactive power voltage regulation for photovoltaic energy storage operators.

[0024] The curtailment loss of the photovoltaic-storage operator is the product of the power loss of the photovoltaic-storage operator and the current electricity price of the photovoltaic-storage operator. The power loss of the photovoltaic-storage operator is the sum of the photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic-storage operator per unit time minus the photovoltaic power supply of the photovoltaic-storage operator and the power stored in the photovoltaic-storage operator's energy storage.

[0025] In this embodiment of the application, the equipment loss and maintenance cost caused by the voltage fluctuation to the energy storage equipment of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator is the product of the degree of voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator node and the energy storage equipment maintenance cost per unit voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator.

[0026] The equipment loss cost of the photovoltaic-storage operator's active power regulation is the product of the active power of the energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation and the equipment cost per unit of active power voltage regulation.

[0027] The active power loss of the photovoltaic-storage operator's energy storage active power regulation is the product of the active power of the photovoltaic-storage operator's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation and the operator's current electricity transaction price.

[0028] In this embodiment of the application, the economic loss of a single optical storage user is the sum of the third cost and the fourth cost;

[0029] The third cost is the sum of the equipment loss and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the photovoltaic equipment of photovoltaic storage users, the equipment loss costs of photovoltaic reactive power regulation of photovoltaic users, and the curtailment losses of photovoltaic storage users.

[0030] The fourth cost is the sum of the equipment loss and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the energy storage equipment of photovoltaic and energy storage users, the equipment loss costs of active power regulation of energy storage for photovoltaic and energy storage users, and the active power losses of active power regulation of energy storage for photovoltaic and energy storage users.

[0031] In this embodiment of the application, the equipment loss and maintenance cost caused by the voltage fluctuation to the photovoltaic equipment of the photovoltaic storage user is the product of the degree of voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic storage user node and the maintenance cost of the photovoltaic equipment per unit voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic storage user.

[0032] The equipment loss cost of photovoltaic reactive power regulation for photovoltaic users is the product of the reactive power of photovoltaic equipment participating in voltage regulation and the equipment cost per unit reactive power of voltage regulation for photovoltaic users.

[0033] The curtailment loss of photovoltaic power storage users is the product of the photovoltaic active power loss of photovoltaic power storage users and the current electricity purchase price of users. The photovoltaic active power loss of photovoltaic power storage users is the sum of the photovoltaic power generation of photovoltaic power storage users per unit time minus the power supplied to themselves by photovoltaic power storage users and the power stored in photovoltaic power storage users.

[0034] In this embodiment of the application, the equipment loss and maintenance cost caused by the voltage fluctuation to the energy storage equipment of the photovoltaic-storage user is the product of the degree of voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic-storage user node and the maintenance cost of the energy storage equipment per unit voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic-storage user.

[0035] The equipment loss cost of active power regulation for photovoltaic-storage users is the product of the active power of the energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation and the equipment cost per unit of active power voltage regulation for photovoltaic-storage users.

[0036] The active power loss of the photovoltaic-storage user's energy storage active power regulation is the product of the active power of the photovoltaic-storage user's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation and the user's current electricity purchase price.

[0037] In this embodiment of the application, the reward for the photovoltaic and energy storage operator to participate in voltage regulation is the sum of the reactive power reward and the active power reward for the photovoltaic and energy storage operator to participate in voltage regulation, and the reward for a single photovoltaic and energy storage user to participate in voltage regulation is the sum of the reactive power reward and the active power reward for the photovoltaic and energy storage user to participate in voltage regulation.

[0038] In the embodiments of this application, the preset constraints include: photovoltaic reactive power output constraints, power transmission constraints, power flow constraints, energy storage capacity and power constraints, voltage constraints, and incentive unit price constraints.

[0039] In this embodiment of the application, the power transmission constraints include constraints on the transmission of photovoltaic power from the operator to the user, constraints on the transmission of energy storage power from the operator to the user, constraints on the transmission of photovoltaic power from the operator to the energy storage, constraints on the transmission of photovoltaic power from the j-th photovoltaic-energy storage user to its own power supply, constraints on the transmission of energy storage power from the j-th photovoltaic-energy storage user to its own power supply, and constraints on the transmission of photovoltaic power from the photovoltaic power storage user to its own energy storage device.

[0040] In this embodiment of the application, the user has a first priority in the photovoltaic power transmission transaction of the operator, the operator's photovoltaic power has a third priority in the power supply transaction of the photovoltaic-storage user, and the operator's photovoltaic power has a first priority in the power supply transaction of the ordinary user. The constraints on the transmission of photovoltaic power from the operator to the user are as follows:

[0041] ,

[0042] in, The photovoltaic power generation capacity per unit time of the operator. For the external power supply needs of all ordinary users, To meet the external power supply needs of all photovoltaic and energy storage users, For the total number of all regular users, This refers to the total number of all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the area. This refers to the power output of the operator's photovoltaic system to all ordinary users in the distribution area. This refers to the power output of the photovoltaic system provided by the operator to all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the distribution area.

[0043] In this embodiment of the application, the user has a first priority in the operator's energy storage power transmission transaction, the operator's energy storage has a fourth priority in the power supply transaction of the photovoltaic energy storage user, and the operator's energy storage has a second priority in the power supply transaction of the ordinary user. The constraints on the operator's energy storage power transmission to the user are as follows:

[0044] ,

[0045] in, The photovoltaic power generation capacity per unit time of the operator. For the external power supply needs of all ordinary users, To meet the external power supply needs of all photovoltaic and energy storage users, For the total number of all regular users, This refers to the total number of all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the area. , These represent the lower and upper limits of energy storage capacity for operators. This represents the total remaining power of the operator's energy storage devices. The energy storage capacity of the operator provides power to all ordinary users in the distribution area. This provides the power supply for all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the distribution area to the operator's energy storage system.

[0046] In this embodiment of the application, the operator's energy storage has a second priority in the operator's photovoltaic power transmission transaction, and the constraints on the operator's photovoltaic storage to energy storage are:

[0047] ,

[0048] in, The photovoltaic power generation capacity per unit time of the operator. For the external power supply needs of all ordinary users, To meet the external power supply needs of all photovoltaic and energy storage users, For the total number of all regular users, This refers to the total number of all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the area. , These represent the lower and upper limits of energy storage capacity for operators. This represents the total remaining power of the operator's energy storage devices. This refers to the power output from photovoltaic to energy storage for operators.

[0049] In this embodiment of the application, the photovoltaic-storage user has a first priority in the photovoltaic power transmission transaction of the photovoltaic-storage user, the photovoltaic power of the photovoltaic-storage user has a first priority in the power supply transaction of the photovoltaic-storage user, and the constraint on the photovoltaic power transmission of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user to its own power supply is:

[0050] ,

[0051] in, For the total power supply demand of the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user, Photovoltaic power generation per unit time. The photovoltaic power transmitted to the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user is the power supplied to itself.

[0052] In this embodiment of the application, the photovoltaic-storage user has a first priority in the photovoltaic-storage user energy storage power transmission transaction, and the photovoltaic-storage user's energy storage has a second priority in the photovoltaic-storage user's power supply transaction. The constraint on the power of the energy storage power transmitted by the j-th photovoltaic-storage user to its own power supply is as follows:

[0053] ,

[0054] in, For the total power supply demand of the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user, Photovoltaic power generation per unit time. , Let be the lower limit and upper limit of the energy storage capacity for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, respectively. Let the remaining power of the energy storage device of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user be denoted as . The energy storage power of the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user is transferred to its own power supply.

[0055] In this embodiment of the application, the photovoltaic energy storage user's energy storage has a second priority in the photovoltaic power transmission transaction of the photovoltaic energy storage user, and the constraint on the photovoltaic power transmission of the photovoltaic energy storage user to its own energy storage device is as follows:

[0056] ,

[0057] in, For the total power supply demand of the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user, Photovoltaic power generation per unit time. , Let be the lower limit and upper limit of the energy storage capacity for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, respectively. Let the remaining power of the energy storage device of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user be denoted as . Let be the power from photovoltaic to energy storage for the j-th photovoltaic-energy storage user.

[0058] In this embodiment of the application, the power supply demand required by the j-th photovoltaic and energy storage user is the total power supply demand of the photovoltaic and energy storage user minus the power supply power provided by the photovoltaic and energy storage of the photovoltaic and energy storage user to itself.

[0059] In this embodiment of the application, the power flow constraint is:

[0060] ,

[0061] ,

[0062] in, , This refers to the number of nodes within the distribution area. , These represent the active power load demand and reactive power load demand of node n within the transformer area, respectively. , They are node n and The real and imaginary parts of the elements in the admittance matrix. It is node n and The phase angle difference between them , They are the nth node and the nth node respectively. The voltage of each node, , The first The active and reactive power output of each node.

[0063] In the embodiments of this application, when When the node is a photovoltaic-storage operator node, the active power output by the photovoltaic-storage operator node is the sum of the total power supplied by the photovoltaic-storage operator to the user and the total active power of the photovoltaic-storage operator's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation. The reactive power output by the photovoltaic-storage operator node is the total reactive power of the photovoltaic equipment of the photovoltaic-storage operator participating in voltage regulation.

[0064] In the embodiments of this application, when At that time, the node is a photovoltaic-storage user node, the active power output by the photovoltaic-storage user node is the active power of the photovoltaic-storage user's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation, and the reactive power output by the photovoltaic-storage user node is the reactive power of the photovoltaic equipment of the photovoltaic-storage user participating in voltage regulation.

[0065] In the embodiments of this application, when At that time, the node is a regular user node, and the active power and reactive power output by the regular user node are both 0.

[0066] In this embodiment of the application, the energy storage capacity and power constraints are as follows:

[0067] ,

[0068] in, , These represent the lower and upper limits of energy storage capacity for operators. This represents the total remaining power of the operator's energy storage devices. , This sets the lower and upper limits for the energy storage capacity of operators. For the operator's photovoltaic to energy storage power, The energy storage capacity of the operator provides power to all ordinary users in the distribution area. This provides the power supply for all photovoltaic and energy storage users to the operator's energy storage system. The total active power of the operator's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation;

[0069] ,

[0070] in, , Let be the lower limit and upper limit of the energy storage capacity for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, respectively. Let the remaining power of the energy storage device of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user be denoted as . The power supplied to the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user by the energy storage system. , Let the lower and upper limits of the energy storage power of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user be denoted as . Let j be the power from photovoltaic to energy storage for the j-th photovoltaic-energy storage user. Let be the active power of the energy storage device of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user participating in voltage regulation.

[0071] A second aspect of this application provides a voltage regulation device for a low-voltage distribution area, the low-voltage distribution area including a photovoltaic-storage operator, photovoltaic-storage users, ordinary users, and a power grid, wherein the photovoltaic-storage operator, photovoltaic-storage users, and ordinary users are respectively connected to the power grid, the photovoltaic-storage operator and the power grid supply power to the ordinary users and the photovoltaic-storage users, and the photovoltaic-storage users supply power to themselves; the voltage regulation device for the low-voltage distribution area includes:

[0072] The acquisition module is used to acquire the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area when a voltage over-limit is detected in the low-voltage distribution area.

[0073] The calculation module is used to calculate the optimal voltage regulation strategy based on the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area using a preset voltage regulation model. The preset voltage regulation model is an optimization model established under preset constraints with the optimization objectives of minimizing losses and maximizing voltage regulation rewards. The optimal voltage regulation strategy includes the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic storage operator, the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic storage user, and the predicted voltage of each node in the low-voltage distribution area.

[0074] The control module is used to regulate the voltage of the power grid based on the optimal voltage regulation strategy.

[0075] In this embodiment, the optimal voltage regulation strategy further includes the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the photovoltaic storage operator and the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the photovoltaic storage user; the voltage regulation device of the low-voltage distribution area further includes:

[0076] The sending module is used to send the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the optical storage operator and the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the optical storage user to the corresponding optical storage operator and optical storage user, respectively.

[0077] A third aspect of this application provides a smart terminal applied to a low-voltage distribution area, wherein the smart terminal is used to implement the voltage regulation method for the low-voltage distribution area described above.

[0078] A fourth aspect of this application provides an electronic device, the electronic device comprising:

[0079] At least one processor;

[0080] A memory connected to the at least one processor;

[0081] The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor implements the voltage regulation method for the low-voltage zone described above by executing the instructions stored in the memory.

[0082] A fifth aspect of this application provides a machine-readable storage medium storing instructions that, when executed by a processor, configure the processor to perform the voltage regulation method for the low-voltage zone described above.

[0083] The above technical solution defines a low-voltage distribution area comprising a photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage (ESS) operator, PVS users, ordinary users, and the power grid. The PVS operator, PVS users, and ordinary users are connected to the power grid. The PVS operator and the power grid supply power to the ordinary users and the PVS users, while the PVS users supply power to themselves. When a voltage exceedance is detected in the low-voltage distribution area, the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area are obtained. Based on these parameters, an optimal voltage regulation strategy is calculated using a preset voltage regulation model. This preset model is an optimization model established under preset constraints, with the optimization objectives of minimizing losses and maximizing voltage regulation rewards. The optimal voltage regulation strategy includes the voltage regulation power of the PVS operator, the voltage regulation power of the PVS users, and the predicted voltage of each node within the low-voltage distribution area. Based on this optimal voltage regulation strategy, voltage regulation is performed on the power grid. This method allows for multi-party participation in voltage regulation within distribution areas, including photovoltaic and energy storage operators and users. The optimization objective of the voltage regulation model not only considers minimizing losses but also maximizes regulation rewards, i.e., minimizing the economic losses of all participants. This ensures that the optimal voltage regulation strategy calculated by the model satisfies both minimizing losses and maximizing rewards. Based on this optimal strategy, voltage regulation of the power grid is applied to bring the voltage at each node within the low-voltage distribution area close to the predicted voltage, thereby alleviating the contradiction between the economic viability of multi-party participation in voltage regulation and overall voltage regulation stability, and reducing the deviation between the theoretical optimization and actual operation of the voltage regulation strategy. Simultaneously, it enables multi-party participation in electricity trading by the grid side, photovoltaic and energy storage operators, photovoltaic and energy storage users, and ordinary users, facilitating better voltage regulation.

[0084] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0085] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate embodiments of the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings:

[0086] Figure 1 The illustration shows a schematic flowchart of a voltage regulation method for a low-voltage distribution area according to an embodiment of this application;

[0087] Figure 2 This illustration schematically shows a multi-party participation diagram of a low-voltage distribution substation according to an embodiment of this application;

[0088] Figure 3 This schematic diagram illustrates a structural block diagram of a voltage regulation device for a low-voltage zone according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0089] Figure 4 The diagram illustrates the internal structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0090] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures

[0091] 410 - Acquisition module; 420 - Calculation module; 430 - Control module; A01 - Processor; A02 - Network interface; A03 - Internal memory; A04 - Display screen; A05 - Input device; A06 - Non-volatile storage medium; B01 - Operating system; B02 - Computer program. Detailed Implementation

[0092] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0093] It should be noted that the acquisition, transmission, storage, use, and processing of data in the technical solution of this application all comply with relevant laws and regulations. In the embodiments of this application, certain existing industry solutions such as software, components, and models may be mentioned. These should be considered exemplary, intended only to illustrate the feasibility of implementing the technical solution of this application, and do not imply that the applicant has already used or necessarily used such solutions.

[0094] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0095] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0096] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This illustration schematically shows a flow chart of a voltage regulation method for a low-voltage distribution area according to an embodiment of this application. This embodiment provides a voltage regulation method for a low-voltage distribution area, which includes a photovoltaic-storage operator, photovoltaic-storage users, ordinary users, and a power grid. The photovoltaic-storage operator, photovoltaic-storage users, and ordinary users are respectively connected to the power grid. The photovoltaic-storage operator and the power grid supply power to the ordinary users and the photovoltaic-storage users, and the photovoltaic-storage users supply power to themselves.

[0097] In this embodiment, the number of both optical storage users and ordinary users can be multiple. Please refer to... Figure 2 , Figure 2 This diagram schematically illustrates the multi-party participation relationship of a low-voltage distribution substation according to an embodiment of this application. The aforementioned photovoltaic-storage operator includes operator photovoltaic and operator energy storage, and the photovoltaic-storage user includes user photovoltaic and user energy storage. It should be noted that the energy storage devices support simultaneous charging and discharging; the photovoltaic devices of the photovoltaic-storage operator and the energy storage devices of the photovoltaic-storage operator have the same performance; all photovoltaic devices of the photovoltaic-storage user and all energy storage devices of the photovoltaic-storage user have the same performance.

[0098] It should be noted that the nodes mentioned in this embodiment refer to individual ordinary users, optical storage users, and operators, with operators aggregated into a single node for network connection. Correspondingly, the number of nodes within a distribution area equals the sum of the total number of ordinary users, the total number of optical storage users, and the number of operators.

[0099] The aforementioned low-voltage distribution areas can be configured with multi-party transaction principles, specifically including:

[0100] a. Grid trading: The grid side supplies power to all users within the distribution area only according to demand;

[0101] b. Photovoltaic trading by photovoltaic and energy storage operators: Power is supplied to all users within the distribution area according to demand; surplus electricity is stored only in the energy storage equipment of photovoltaic and energy storage operators; unstored electricity is curtailed.

[0102] c. Energy storage trading by photovoltaic and energy storage operators: supplying electricity to all users within the distribution area according to demand;

[0103] d. Photovoltaic trading for photovoltaic and energy storage users: Power is supplied to users themselves according to their needs; surplus electricity is stored only in the energy storage devices of photovoltaic and energy storage users; unstored electricity is curtailed.

[0104] e. Photovoltaic-storage user energy storage trading: Powering users themselves according to their needs;

[0105] f. Priority of photovoltaic transactions for photovoltaic and energy storage operators: Ordinary users = Photovoltaic and energy storage users > Photovoltaic and energy storage operators' energy storage equipment > Curtailed photovoltaic power;

[0106] g. Priority of energy storage transactions for photovoltaic and energy storage operators: Ordinary users = Photovoltaic and energy storage users > Voltage regulators;

[0107] h. Priority of photovoltaic transactions for photovoltaic and energy storage users: Photovoltaic and energy storage users > Photovoltaic and energy storage equipment of photovoltaic and energy storage users > Curtailed photovoltaic power;

[0108] i. Priority of energy storage transactions for photovoltaic and energy storage users: Photovoltaic and energy storage users > Voltage regulation users;

[0109] j. Electricity consumption priority for photovoltaic and energy storage users: Photovoltaic power consumption of photovoltaic users > Energy storage of photovoltaic users > Photovoltaic power consumption of photovoltaic operators > Energy storage of photovoltaic operators > Grid;

[0110] k. Electricity priority for ordinary users: Photovoltaic by photovoltaic and energy storage operators > Energy storage by photovoltaic and energy storage operators > Grid.

[0111] Accordingly, the voltage regulation method for the low-voltage distribution area includes the following steps:

[0112] Step 210: If a voltage over-limit is detected in the low-voltage distribution area, obtain the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area;

[0113] In this embodiment, voltage exceeding the limit typically refers to the voltage exceeding a specified upper limit (overvoltage) or lower limit (undervoltage). In low-voltage distribution areas, the voltage range is usually specified; for example, the standard voltage is 220V single-phase, with a certain allowable deviation range, such as ±7% or ±10%. If the voltage exceeds this range for an extended period, it will cause damage to equipment and power grid operation. When a voltage exceeding the limit occurs, the current operating parameters can be obtained.

[0114] The above operating parameters include: the number of nodes in the low-voltage distribution area, the number of all ordinary users, the number of all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the distribution area, the upper limit of voltage over-limit, the lower limit of voltage over-limit, the capacity of the operator's photovoltaic inverter, the capacity of the photovoltaic inverters of photovoltaic and energy storage users, the operator's current electricity trading price, the user's current electricity purchase price, the total remaining capacity of the operator's energy storage equipment, the remaining capacity of the energy storage equipment of photovoltaic and energy storage users, the power supply demand required from external sources (grid, operator) for all ordinary users and all photovoltaic and energy storage users, the total power supply demand of all photovoltaic and energy storage users, the total power supply demand of each photovoltaic and energy storage user, the remaining capacity of the energy storage equipment of each photovoltaic and energy storage user, the upper limit of the voltage regulation incentive unit price set by the grid for operator photovoltaic, operator energy storage, photovoltaic and energy storage user photovoltaic, and photovoltaic and energy storage user energy storage, the power supply power of operator photovoltaic to all ordinary users in the distribution area, and the power supply power of operator photovoltaic to all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the distribution area. Power supplied to storage users, power supplied by each photovoltaic-storage user to itself, power from photovoltaic to storage for each photovoltaic-storage user, power from photovoltaic to storage for the operator, power supplied by the operator's storage to all ordinary users in the distribution area, power supplied by the operator's storage to all photovoltaic-storage users in the distribution area, photovoltaic power generation per unit time for the operator, unit maintenance price of photovoltaic and energy storage equipment for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user with over-limit voltage, equipment cost for reactive power voltage regulation for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, equipment cost for active power voltage regulation for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, photovoltaic power generation per user per unit time, total capacity of all photovoltaic inverters of the operator, photovoltaic inverter capacity of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, lower limit and upper limit of the operator's energy storage capacity, lower limit and upper limit of the operator's energy storage power, lower limit and upper limit of the energy storage capacity of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, lower limit and upper limit of the energy storage power of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user.

[0115] For the power grid, voltage exceeding limits directly impacts grid stability, potentially leading to equipment overload, a surge in line losses, and even voltage collapse, causing widespread blackouts. Grid fault repair involves complex equipment and extensive areas, resulting in high costs and time consumption. Voltage anomalies can spread through the grid, affecting other distribution areas or users, creating systemic risks. For photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage (ESS) operators, the scale of PV and ESS equipment deployed in distribution areas is typically large, and voltage exceeding limits easily triggers protection shutdowns, leading to power generation losses and reduced revenue. Frequent voltage fluctuations increase equipment wear and tear, shorten lifespan, and drive up maintenance costs; however, frequent adjustments to output to maintain voltage stability may increase operating costs. For users of PV and ESS equipment, their equipment scale is small, and voltage exceeding limits may cause inverter disconnection, energy storage system malfunctions, or appliance damage, but the economic losses are limited. User-side problems are usually isolated by protection devices (such as circuit breakers), resulting in a smaller impact area and lower repair costs. From a hazard perspective, voltage exceeding limits poses the greatest threat to the power grid, followed by PV and ESS operators, and least to users. The power grid's demand for voltage regulation is the highest, followed by PV and ESS operators, and least to users.

[0116] Step 220: Based on the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area, the optimal voltage regulation strategy is calculated using a preset voltage regulation model. The preset voltage regulation model is an optimization model established under preset constraints with the optimization objectives of minimizing losses and maximizing voltage regulation rewards. The optimal voltage regulation strategy includes the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic storage operator, the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic storage user, and the predicted voltage of each node in the low-voltage distribution area.

[0117] In this embodiment, the voltage regulation model constructed above is a quadratic programming problem. In specific implementation, it can be solved using the CPLEX solver. The operating parameters are input into the voltage regulation model, and under the premise of satisfying the corresponding constraints, the optimal solution for the variables in the model is obtained, thus yielding the optimal voltage regulation strategy. The CPLEX solver is specifically designed for solving large-scale linear programming, mixed integer programming, quadratic programming, and other optimization problems, and is existing technology, so it will not be elaborated further here. The above optimization model is a mathematical model aimed at finding the best decision from feasible solutions, i.e., finding the optimal voltage regulation strategy. The variables in the above optimization model may include the total reactive power of the operator's photovoltaic equipment participating in voltage regulation. The total active power of operator energy storage devices participating in voltage regulation The active power of the energy storage device of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user participating in voltage regulation The reactive power of the photovoltaic equipment of the j-th photovoltaic and energy storage user participating in voltage regulation The voltage regulation incentive unit price set by the power grid for operator photovoltaic, operator energy storage, the j-th photovoltaic and energy storage user's photovoltaic, and the j-th photovoltaic and energy storage user's energy storage. , , , And the predicted voltage of each node within the transformer area. The optimal voltage regulation strategy includes the participating voltage regulation power (including active and reactive power) of the photovoltaic and energy storage operators, the participating voltage regulation power (including active and reactive power) of the photovoltaic and energy storage users, and the predicted voltage of each node within the low-voltage distribution area. The objective function can be constructed based on minimizing losses and maximizing voltage regulation rewards. Constraints can be pre-set according to actual conditions.

[0118] In some embodiments, the preset voltage regulation model has the following optimization objectives: minimizing the voltage over-limit risk value, minimizing the economic losses of the photovoltaic-storage operator, maximizing the voltage regulation reward for the photovoltaic-storage operator, minimizing the economic losses of the photovoltaic-storage user, maximizing the voltage regulation reward for the photovoltaic-storage user, and minimizing the variance of the photovoltaic-storage user's revenue. The optimization objective can be expressed as:

[0119]

[0120] in, Voltage regulation rewards will be offered to all photovoltaic and energy storage users. , For individual photovoltaic storage users to participate in voltage regulation incentives, the incentive can be calculated by multiplying the voltage regulation unit price by the voltage regulation volume. The incentive for photovoltaic and energy storage operators to participate in voltage regulation can be calculated by multiplying the voltage regulation unit price by the voltage regulation volume. For the economic losses of photovoltaic and energy storage operators, For the economic losses of all optical storage users, , For the economic losses of individual optical storage users, , , , These are the preference weights for each optimization item, which can be preset according to actual conditions. , , , The sum is 1. This represents the voltage over-limit risk value. For the total number of all regular users, This refers to the total number of all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the area. The variance of revenue for all photovoltaic storage users.

[0121] The variance of revenue for all optical storage users is:

[0122] .

[0123] In this embodiment, the voltage regulation model described above can be represented as the sum of the minimum values ​​of each term. Wherein, This is expressed as the value representing the minimum risk of voltage exceeding the limit. This refers to minimizing the economic losses of photovoltaic and energy storage operators and maximizing the grid's reward for operators' participation in voltage regulation;

[0124] This refers to minimizing the average economic loss for all photovoltaic and energy storage users and maximizing the average reward from the power grid for all photovoltaic and energy storage users participating in voltage regulation.

[0125] This refers to minimizing the variance of the economic losses of all photovoltaic and energy storage users minus the voltage regulation reward, thereby balancing the economic losses and rewards of each photovoltaic and energy storage user.

[0126] By minimizing the voltage over-limit risk, minimizing the economic losses of photovoltaic and energy storage operators, maximizing the grid's reward for operators' participation in voltage regulation, minimizing the average economic losses of all photovoltaic and energy storage users, maximizing the grid's average reward for all photovoltaic and energy storage users' participation in voltage regulation, and minimizing the variance of the economic losses of all photovoltaic and energy storage users minus the voltage regulation reward, a more accurate voltage regulation model can be obtained. This helps to alleviate the contradiction between economic efficiency and stability, and reduce the deviation between the theoretical optimization of voltage regulation strategies and actual operation.

[0127] In some embodiments, minimize voltage over-limit risk value This means maximizing the economic benefits of voltage. The voltage exceedance risk value represents the risk of the voltage entering the voltage warning range, and can be expressed as:

[0128] ,

[0129] in, , This is the lower limit of the voltage over-limit. This is the upper limit of the voltage limit. This represents the upper limit of the voltage warning range. This is the lower limit of the voltage warning range. Let be the voltage warning limit exceedance value for the nth node, used to represent the degree of voltage warning limit exceedance. Let N be the predicted voltage of the nth node, and N be the number of nodes in the low-voltage distribution area. This is the voltage over-limit risk value. When... At that time, there is no risk of voltage exceeding the limit; when or When the voltage enters the voltage warning range, there is a certain risk of exceeding the limit; when or At that time, the voltage had exceeded the limit, posing a risk of exceeding the limit.

[0130] It should be noted that N= + +1, where, For the total number of all regular users, This refers to the total number of all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the area. , That is, the number of nodes within the distribution area equals the sum of the total number of ordinary users, the total number of optical storage users, and the number of operators.

[0131] Economic losses of photovoltaic and energy storage operators This includes the economic losses from voltage exceeding limits (the equipment damage and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the photovoltaic energy storage equipment). , The economic losses associated with voltage regulation (equipment loss costs for photovoltaic reactive power regulation) Equipment loss costs for energy storage active power regulation Active power loss in energy storage active power regulation Waste light loss ).

[0132] In some embodiments, the economic loss of the optical storage operator can be expressed as the sum of the first cost and the second cost, and can be expressed as:

[0133] ,

[0134] in, For the first cost, This is the second cost.

[0135] The first cost is the sum of the equipment loss and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the photovoltaic equipment of the photovoltaic storage operator, the equipment loss costs of photovoltaic reactive power regulation of the photovoltaic storage operator, and the curtailment losses of the photovoltaic storage operator.

[0136] Wherein, the equipment loss and maintenance cost caused by voltage fluctuations to the photovoltaic equipment of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator is the product of the degree of voltage exceedance at the node of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator and the maintenance cost of the photovoltaic equipment per unit voltage exceedance by the photovoltaic and energy storage operator, which can be expressed as:

[0137] ,

[0138] in, This refers to the equipment damage and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the photovoltaic equipment of photovoltaic and energy storage operators. This is the lower limit of the voltage over-limit. This is the upper limit of the voltage limit. Predicted voltage for the operator's optical storage equipment nodes. The maintenance costs for photovoltaic equipment that exceeds the voltage limit for photovoltaic and energy storage operators can be provided by the photovoltaic and energy storage equipment supplier; This refers to the degree to which the voltage of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator's nodes exceeds the limit.

[0139] The equipment loss cost for reactive power regulation by the photovoltaic (PV) energy storage operator is the product of the reactive power of the PV equipment participating in voltage regulation and the equipment cost per unit of reactive power regulation by the PV energy storage operator; it can be expressed as:

[0140] ,

[0141] in, The equipment loss cost for reactive power regulation in photovoltaic power generation for photovoltaic energy storage operators. This refers to the total reactive power of photovoltaic equipment used for voltage regulation by photovoltaic and energy storage operators. The equipment cost for voltage regulation per unit reactive power of photovoltaic equipment for operators can be provided by photovoltaic and energy storage equipment suppliers.

[0142] The curtailment loss of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator is the product of the power loss of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator and the current electricity price of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator. The power loss of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator is the sum of the photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator per unit time minus the photovoltaic power supply of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator and the power stored in the photovoltaic and energy storage operator.

[0143] The curtailment loss of the photovoltaic storage operator can be expressed as:

[0144] ,

[0145] in, The power output of the operator's photovoltaic system to all ordinary users in the distribution area can be calculated in advance. The power output from the operator's photovoltaic system to all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the distribution area can be calculated in advance. The power output from photovoltaic to energy storage for operators can be calculated in advance. The photovoltaic power generation capacity per unit time for the operator can be provided by photovoltaic and energy storage equipment suppliers. The electricity price traded by operators at the current moment can be known in advance. Losses incurred by photovoltaic and energy storage operators due to curtailment of solar power.

[0146] The second cost is the sum of the equipment loss and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the energy storage equipment of the photovoltaic and energy storage operators, the equipment loss costs of the active power regulation of the energy storage of the photovoltaic and energy storage operators, and the active power loss of the active power regulation of the energy storage of the photovoltaic and energy storage operators.

[0147] Wherein, the equipment loss and maintenance cost caused by voltage fluctuations to the energy storage equipment of the photovoltaic-storage operator is the product of the degree of voltage exceedance at the photovoltaic-storage operator's nodes and the maintenance cost of the energy storage equipment per unit voltage exceedance by the photovoltaic-storage operator, which can be expressed as:

[0148] ,

[0149] in, This refers to the equipment damage and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the energy storage equipment of photovoltaic and energy storage operators. This is the lower limit of the voltage over-limit. This is the upper limit of the voltage limit. Predicted voltage for the operator's optical storage equipment nodes. The maintenance cost for energy storage equipment that exceeds the voltage limit can be provided by the energy storage equipment supplier.

[0150] The equipment loss cost of the photovoltaic-storage operator's active power regulation is the product of the active power of the energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation and the equipment cost per unit of active power voltage regulation; it can be expressed as:

[0151] ,

[0152] in, The equipment loss cost for active power regulation in energy storage for photovoltaic and energy storage operators. This refers to the total active power of the operator's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation. The equipment cost for voltage regulation per unit of active power can be provided by the energy storage equipment supplier.

[0153] The active power loss of the photovoltaic-storage operator's energy storage active power regulation is the product of the active power of the energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation and the operator's current electricity trading price; it can be expressed as:

[0154] ,

[0155] in, For the active power loss of energy storage operators in regulating energy storage, The current electricity price traded by the operator. This refers to the total active power of the operator's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation.

[0156] By comprehensively considering the economic losses from voltage over-limit, the economic losses from participating in voltage regulation, the equipment loss costs of energy storage active power regulation, the active power losses from energy storage active power regulation, and the losses from curtailment, the economic losses of photovoltaic and energy storage operators are considered more comprehensively, making it more reliable to minimize the economic losses of photovoltaic and energy storage operators.

[0157] Economic losses of individual optical storage users This includes the economic losses from voltage exceeding limits (the equipment damage and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to energy storage devices). , The economic losses associated with voltage regulation (equipment loss costs for photovoltaic reactive power regulation) Equipment loss costs for energy storage active power regulation Active power loss in energy storage active power regulation Waste light loss ).

[0158] In some embodiments, the economic loss of a single optical storage user is the sum of the third cost and the fourth cost; that is, the economic loss of the j-th optical storage user can be expressed in the following form:

[0159] ,

[0160] in, As the third cost, This is the fourth cost.

[0161] The third cost is the sum of the equipment loss and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the photovoltaic equipment of photovoltaic storage users, the equipment loss costs of photovoltaic reactive power regulation of photovoltaic storage users, and the curtailment losses of photovoltaic storage users.

[0162] Wherein, the equipment loss and maintenance cost caused by voltage fluctuations to the photovoltaic equipment of the photovoltaic storage user is the product of the degree of voltage exceedance at the photovoltaic storage user's node and the maintenance cost of the photovoltaic equipment per unit voltage exceedance at the photovoltaic storage user, which can be expressed as:

[0163] ,

[0164] in, The maintenance cost is the equipment loss caused by voltage fluctuations to the photovoltaic equipment of the j-th photovoltaic and energy storage user. This is the lower limit of the voltage over-limit. This is the upper limit of the voltage limit. Let be the predicted voltage of the node of the optical storage device for the j-th optical storage user. The maintenance cost for the photovoltaic equipment of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user unit that exceeds the voltage limit. The voltage limit exceedance level of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user node;

[0165] The equipment loss cost for reactive power regulation of photovoltaic (PV) energy storage users is the product of the reactive power of the PV equipment participating in voltage regulation and the equipment cost per unit of reactive power for voltage regulation by the PV energy storage user; it can be expressed as:

[0166] ,

[0167] in, For photovoltaic reactive power regulation equipment loss costs for photovoltaic users, Let j be the reactive power of the photovoltaic equipment of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user participating in voltage regulation. The equipment cost for reactive power voltage regulation for the j-th photovoltaic storage user can be provided by the photovoltaic storage equipment supplier.

[0168] The photovoltaic curtailment loss of the photovoltaic storage user is the product of the photovoltaic active power loss of the photovoltaic storage user and the user's current electricity purchase price. The photovoltaic active power loss of the photovoltaic storage user is the sum of the photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic storage user per unit time minus the power supplied to itself by the photovoltaic storage user and the power stored in the photovoltaic storage user's energy storage.

[0169] The light curtailment loss of the photovoltaic storage user can be expressed as:

[0170] ,

[0171] in, The power supply that the j-th optical storage user provides to itself can be calculated in advance. The power from photovoltaic to energy storage for the j-th photovoltaic-energy storage user can be calculated in advance. The photovoltaic power generation capacity per unit time for photovoltaic and energy storage users can be provided by photovoltaic and energy storage equipment suppliers. The current electricity price per unit for users can be known in advance. Losses incurred by photovoltaic storage users due to curtailment of solar power.

[0172] The fourth cost is the sum of the equipment loss and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the energy storage equipment of photovoltaic and energy storage users, the equipment loss costs of active power regulation of energy storage for photovoltaic and energy storage users, and the active power losses of active power regulation of energy storage for photovoltaic and energy storage users.

[0173] Wherein, the equipment loss and maintenance cost caused by voltage fluctuations to the energy storage equipment of photovoltaic-storage users is the product of the degree of voltage exceedance at the photovoltaic-storage user node and the maintenance cost of the energy storage equipment per unit voltage exceedance of the photovoltaic-storage user, which can be expressed as:

[0174] ,

[0175] in, This refers to the equipment damage and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the energy storage equipment of photovoltaic and energy storage users. This is the lower limit of the voltage over-limit. This is the upper limit of the voltage limit. Let be the predicted voltage of the node of the optical storage device for the j-th optical storage user. The maintenance cost of the energy storage equipment for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user unit that exceeds the voltage limit;

[0176] The equipment loss cost of active power regulation for photovoltaic-storage users is the product of the active power of the energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation and the equipment cost per unit of active power voltage regulation for photovoltaic-storage users; it can be expressed as:

[0177] ,

[0178] in, The equipment loss cost for active power regulation of energy storage for photovoltaic and energy storage users. Let be the active power of the energy storage device of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user participating in voltage regulation. The equipment cost for voltage regulation of the active power of the j-th photovoltaic storage user can be provided by the photovoltaic storage equipment supplier.

[0179] The active power loss of the photovoltaic-storage user's energy storage active power regulation is the product of the active power of the photovoltaic-storage user's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation and the user's current electricity purchase price; it can be expressed as:

[0180] ,

[0181] in, For photovoltaic and energy storage users, the active power loss in energy storage regulation is reduced. The current electricity price per unit for the user. Let be the active power of the energy storage device of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user participating in voltage regulation.

[0182] By comprehensively considering the economic losses of photovoltaic and energy storage users due to voltage over-limit and the economic losses of participating in voltage regulation, the economic losses of photovoltaic and energy storage users are considered more comprehensively, making it more reliable to minimize the economic losses of photovoltaic and energy storage users.

[0183] In some embodiments, the reward for photovoltaic and energy storage operators participating in voltage regulation is the sum of the reactive power reward and the active power reward for participating in voltage regulation, which can be expressed as:

[0184] ,

[0185] in, Incentives for photovoltaic and energy storage operators to participate in voltage regulation. The unit price for reactive power incentives for photovoltaic and energy storage operators. For reactive power regulation power of photovoltaic and energy storage operators, This refers to the unit price for the active power reward for photovoltaic and energy storage operators. This refers to the active power regulation capacity for photovoltaic and energy storage operators. Reactive power rewards for photovoltaic and energy storage operators participating in voltage regulation. Rewards for active power generation by photovoltaic and energy storage operators participating in voltage regulation;

[0186] The reward for a single photovoltaic (PV) storage user participating in voltage regulation is the sum of the reactive power reward and the active power reward for the PV storage user participating in voltage regulation, which can be expressed as:

[0187] ,

[0188] in, Incentives for photovoltaic and energy storage users to participate in voltage regulation. The reactive power incentive unit price for photovoltaic and energy storage users. For reactive power regulation power of photovoltaic storage users, The unit price for active power rewards for photovoltaic and energy storage users. For active power regulation of photovoltaic storage users Reactive power reward for individual photovoltaic storage users participating in voltage regulation. Active power rewards for individual photovoltaic storage users participating in voltage regulation.

[0189] By separately considering the active and reactive power rewards for both photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage (ESS) operators and users, the resulting rewards for PV operators and individual PV users participating in voltage regulation are more accurate.

[0190] In some embodiments, the preset constraints include: photovoltaic reactive power output constraints, power transmission constraints, power flow constraints, energy storage capacity, power constraints, voltage constraints, and incentive price constraints. By fully considering the relevant constraints of photovoltaic and energy storage equipment and grid operation, the deviation between the theoretical optimization of voltage regulation strategies and actual grid operation is reduced.

[0191] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic reactive power output constraint can be expressed as:

[0192] ,

[0193] ,

[0194] in, The total capacity of all photovoltaic inverters for the operator can be provided by the photovoltaic and energy storage equipment supplier; The photovoltaic inverter capacity of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user can be provided by the photovoltaic-storage equipment supplier; This refers to the total reactive power of the operator's photovoltaic equipment participating in voltage regulation. Let j be the reactive power of the photovoltaic equipment of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user participating in voltage regulation. The photovoltaic power generation capacity per unit time of the operator. This refers to the photovoltaic power generation capacity of a photovoltaic storage user per unit time.

[0195] Energy storage capacity and power constraints stipulate that the capacity of energy storage equipment used by photovoltaic (PV) storage operators / users, after participating in active power regulation, PV power storage, and user power supply, must not exceed the equipment limit. Furthermore, the active power of the energy storage equipment used by PV storage operators / users for active power regulation must not exceed the upper and lower limits of the energy storage power. This can be expressed as:

[0196]

[0197] in, , These are the lower and upper limits of the energy storage capacity for operators, which can be provided by photovoltaic and energy storage equipment suppliers. The total remaining power of the operator's energy storage devices can be obtained; , The lower and upper limits of energy storage capacity for operators can be provided by photovoltaic and energy storage equipment suppliers; The power output from photovoltaic to energy storage for operators can be calculated; The power supply capacity of the energy storage provided by the operator to all ordinary users in the distribution area can be calculated. The power required for the operator's energy storage to supply all photovoltaic and energy storage users can be calculated. This refers to the total active power of the operator's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation.

[0198] ,

[0199] in, , These are the lower and upper limits of the energy storage capacity for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, respectively, which can be provided by the photovoltaic-storage equipment supplier. The remaining power of the energy storage device for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user can be obtained; The power supplied to the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user by the energy storage can be calculated. , The lower and upper limits of the energy storage power for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user can be provided by the photovoltaic-storage equipment supplier; The power from photovoltaic to energy storage for the j-th photovoltaic-energy storage user can be calculated. Let be the active power of the energy storage device of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user participating in voltage regulation.

[0200] Current flow constraints can be expressed as:

[0201] ,

[0202] ,

[0203] in, , ; , These are the active load demand and reactive load demand of node n within the transformer area, respectively, which can be detected. , They are node n, The real and imaginary parts of the elements in the inter-admittance matrix can be detected; It is node n and The phase angle difference between them can be detected; , They are the nth node and the nth node respectively. The voltage of each node; , The first The active and reactive power output of each node needs to be discussed as follows:

[0204] when In this context, the node is a photovoltaic (PV) energy storage operator node. The active power output of the PV energy storage operator node is the sum of the total power supplied by the PV energy storage operator to users and the total active power of the PV energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation. The reactive power output of the PV energy storage operator node is the total reactive power of the PV equipment participating in voltage regulation. This can be expressed as:

[0205] ,

[0206] ,

[0207] in, The power output of the operator's photovoltaic system to all ordinary users in the distribution area can be calculated. The power output of the photovoltaic system provided by the operator to all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the distribution area can be calculated. The power supply capacity of the energy storage provided by the operator to all ordinary users in the distribution area can be calculated. The power supply capacity of the operator's energy storage to all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the distribution area can be calculated; The total active power of the operator's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation; This refers to the total reactive power of the operator's photovoltaic equipment participating in voltage regulation.

[0208] when In this context, the node is a photovoltaic-storage user node, representing a photovoltaic-storage user. The active power output of the photovoltaic-storage user node is the active power of the user's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation, and the reactive power output of the photovoltaic-storage user node is the reactive power of the user's photovoltaic equipment participating in voltage regulation. That is... , ,in, The reactive power of the photovoltaic equipment of the nth photovoltaic-storage user participating in voltage regulation; This represents the active power of the energy storage device of the nth photovoltaic-storage user participating in voltage regulation.

[0209] when At this time, the node is a regular user node, representing a regular user. The active power and reactive power output of the regular user node are both 0, that is... , .

[0210] The energy transfer constraint can be expressed as:

[0211] The priority of photovoltaic (PV) transactions for PV and energy storage operators is as follows: ordinary users = PV and energy storage users > PV and energy storage operator's energy storage equipment > curtailment of PV; the priority of energy storage for PV and energy storage operators is as follows: ordinary users = PV and energy storage users > voltage regulation. Therefore, users have the first priority in the PV power transmission transactions with operators, operators' PV power has the third priority in the power supply transactions with PV and energy storage users, and operators' PV power has the first priority in the power supply transactions with ordinary users. The constraints on PV power transmission from operators to users are determined based on the operator's PV power generation capacity and the user's external power supply demand. The constraints on PV power transmission from operators to users are as follows:

[0212] ,

[0213] in, The photovoltaic power generation capacity per unit time for the operator can be provided by the photovoltaic and energy storage equipment supplier; , These represent the power supply requirements (from the power grid and operators) for all ordinary users and all photovoltaic and energy storage users, respectively, and can be calculated.

[0214] when When, it indicates that the operator's photovoltaic system is sufficient to support the user's power consumption; when This indicates that the operator's photovoltaic power is insufficient to support the user's electricity consumption.

[0215] Users have the first priority in the operator's energy storage power transmission transaction; operator energy storage has the fourth priority in the power supply transaction for photovoltaic-energy storage users; and operator energy storage has the second priority in the power supply transaction for ordinary users. The constraints on operator energy storage power transmission to users are determined based on the operator's photovoltaic power generation capacity, the user's external power supply demand, and the operator's energy storage capacity, and can be expressed as follows:

[0216] ,

[0217] in, , The power supply needs (from the power grid and operators) required by all ordinary users and all photovoltaic and energy storage users can be obtained. The photovoltaic power generation capacity per unit time for the operator can be provided by the photovoltaic and energy storage equipment supplier; , These are the lower and upper limits of the energy storage capacity for operators, which can be provided by photovoltaic and energy storage equipment suppliers. The total remaining power of the operator's energy storage equipment can be obtained.

[0218] This indicates that the operator's solar power is sufficient to support users' electricity consumption;

[0219] This indicates that the operator's photovoltaic and energy storage systems are insufficient to support users' electricity consumption.

[0220] This indicates that the operator's photovoltaic and energy storage systems are sufficient to support users' electricity consumption.

[0221] The operator's energy storage has second priority in the operator's photovoltaic power transmission transaction. The constraints on the operator's photovoltaic storage to energy storage are determined based on the operator's photovoltaic power generation capacity, the user's external power supply requirements, and the operator's energy storage capacity, which can be expressed as:

[0222] ,

[0223] in, , The power supply needs (from the power grid and operators) required by all ordinary users and all photovoltaic and energy storage users can be obtained. The photovoltaic power generation capacity per unit time for the operator can be provided by the photovoltaic and energy storage equipment supplier; , These are the lower and upper limits of the energy storage capacity for operators, which can be provided by photovoltaic and energy storage equipment suppliers. The total remaining power of the operator's energy storage equipment can be obtained.

[0224] This indicates that the operator's solar power is insufficient to support users' electricity consumption;

[0225] This indicates that the operator's photovoltaic power is sufficient to support the user's electricity consumption, but the remaining photovoltaic power generation capacity is greater than the remaining rechargeable capacity of the operator's energy storage, thus resulting in curtailment of photovoltaic power.

[0226] This indicates that the operator's photovoltaic power is sufficient to support the user's electricity consumption, and the remaining photovoltaic power generation is less than the remaining rechargeable capacity of the operator's energy storage, which can be charged into the operator's energy storage equipment.

[0227] set up The total power supply demand of all photovoltaic and energy storage users can be obtained; the priority of photovoltaic transactions for photovoltaic users is: photovoltaic and energy storage users > photovoltaic and energy storage devices for photovoltaic users > curtailment of photovoltaic power; the priority of energy storage for photovoltaic and energy storage users is: photovoltaic and energy storage users > voltage regulation.

[0228] Therefore, photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage (ESS) users have the first priority in the PV power transmission transaction, and their PV power also has the first priority in the power supply transaction. The PV power transmitted by the j-th PV user to its own power supply... The constraints are determined based on the photovoltaic power generation capacity of the photovoltaic and energy storage users and their total power supply demand, and can be expressed as:

[0229] ,

[0230] in, The total power supply demand of the j-th optical storage user can be obtained; The photovoltaic power generation per unit time for users can be provided by photovoltaic and energy storage equipment suppliers; This indicates that the photovoltaic power generation of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user per unit time is sufficient to support the power supply demand of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user; and vice versa.

[0231] Photovoltaic and energy storage users have first priority in the energy transmission transaction of photovoltaic and energy storage users, and second priority in the power supply transaction of photovoltaic and energy storage users. The energy storage power of the j-th photovoltaic and energy storage user is transmitted to its own power supply. The constraints are determined based on the photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic and energy storage users, the total power supply demand of the photovoltaic and energy storage users, and the energy storage capacity of the photovoltaic and energy storage users, and can be expressed as:

[0232] ,

[0233] in, The total power supply demand of the j-th optical storage user can be obtained; The photovoltaic power generation per unit time for users can be provided by photovoltaic and energy storage equipment suppliers; This indicates that the photovoltaic power generation of the j-th photovoltaic and energy storage user per unit time is sufficient to support the power supply needs of the j-th photovoltaic and energy storage user; , These are the lower and upper limits of the energy storage capacity for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, respectively, which can be provided by the photovoltaic-storage equipment supplier. The remaining power of the energy storage device for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user can be obtained; This indicates that the photovoltaic power generation and energy storage capacity of the j-th photovoltaic and energy storage user per unit time are sufficient to support the power supply needs of the j-th photovoltaic and energy storage user. This indicates that the photovoltaic power generation and energy storage capacity of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user per unit time cannot support the power supply demand of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user.

[0234] In the photovoltaic power transmission transaction between photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage users, energy storage has the second priority. The constraints on the transmission of PV power from a PV user to its own energy storage device are determined by the PV power generation capacity of the PV user, the total power demand of the PV user, and the energy storage capacity of the PV user, which can be expressed as:

[0235] ,

[0236] in, The total power demand of the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user can be obtained. The photovoltaic power generation per unit time for users can be provided by photovoltaic and energy storage equipment suppliers; , These are the lower and upper limits of the energy storage capacity for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, respectively, which can be provided by the photovoltaic-storage equipment supplier. The remaining power of the energy storage device for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user can be obtained. This indicates that the photovoltaic power generation of the j-th photovoltaic and energy storage user per unit time cannot support the power supply demand of the j-th photovoltaic and energy storage user;

[0237] This indicates that the photovoltaic power generation per unit time of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user minus the power supply demand of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user is greater than the energy storage rechargeable margin of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, thus resulting in curtailment of photovoltaic power.

[0238] This means that the photovoltaic power generation per unit time of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user minus the power supply demand of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user is less than the energy storage rechargeable margin of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, and can be fully charged into the energy storage device.

[0239] The j-th photovoltaic-storage user requires external power supply (grid, operator). Subtracting the power supplied by the photovoltaic and energy storage units to the users themselves from the total power demand of the photovoltaic and energy storage users, we can calculate the following: .

[0240] Voltage constraint can be expressed as: .

[0241] The incentive unit price constraint can be expressed as:

[0242] , , , ;

[0243] in, , , , The voltage regulation incentive unit price caps set by the power grid for operator photovoltaic, operator energy storage, photovoltaic user photovoltaic, and photovoltaic user energy storage can be obtained. , , , These are the voltage regulation incentive unit prices set by the power grid for operator photovoltaic, operator energy storage, photovoltaic and energy storage user photovoltaic, and photovoltaic and energy storage user energy storage, respectively.

[0244] Step 230: Based on the optimal voltage regulation strategy, perform voltage regulation on the power grid.

[0245] In this embodiment, after obtaining the optimal voltage regulation strategy, the active and reactive power that the photovoltaic and energy storage operators and all photovoltaic and energy storage users within the distribution area need to participate in voltage regulation can be obtained, as well as the voltage of each node within the distribution area and the current voltage regulation incentive unit price for the operators and all photovoltaic and energy storage users. Based on the active and reactive power that the photovoltaic and energy storage operators and all photovoltaic and energy storage users within the distribution area need to participate in voltage regulation, the photovoltaic and energy storage devices of the operators and all photovoltaic and energy storage users within the distribution area are controlled to regulate the voltage, so that the voltage of all nodes within the distribution area is consistent with the predicted voltage calculated by the model. The intelligent terminal of the distribution area can detect the voltage exceeding the limit again. If the voltage exceeds the limit, the process returns to step 210 to continue voltage regulation.

[0246] In the above implementation process, the low-voltage distribution area includes a photovoltaic-storage operator, photovoltaic-storage users, ordinary users, and the power grid. The photovoltaic-storage operator, photovoltaic-storage users, and ordinary users are respectively connected to the power grid. The photovoltaic-storage operator and the power grid supply power to the ordinary users and the photovoltaic-storage users, and the photovoltaic-storage users supply power to themselves. When a voltage exceedance is detected in the low-voltage distribution area, the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area are obtained. Based on the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area, an optimal voltage regulation strategy is calculated using a preset voltage regulation model. The preset voltage regulation model is an optimization model established under preset constraints with the optimization objectives of minimizing losses and maximizing voltage regulation rewards. The optimal voltage regulation strategy includes the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic-storage operator, the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic-storage users, and the predicted voltage of each node in the low-voltage distribution area. Based on the optimal voltage regulation strategy, voltage regulation is performed on the power grid. The optimization objective of the voltage regulation model not only considers minimizing losses but also aims to minimize the economic losses of all participants in voltage regulation, balancing the participation costs of various photovoltaic (PV) and energy storage (ESS) users. This ensures that the optimal voltage regulation strategy calculated by the model satisfies both minimizing losses and maximizing regulation rewards. Based on this optimal strategy, voltage regulation of the power grid is applied to bring the voltage at each node within the low-voltage distribution area close to the predicted voltage, thereby alleviating the conflict between economic efficiency and stability, and reducing the deviation between the theoretical optimization of the voltage regulation strategy and actual operation. By setting participation rewards, multiple PV and ESS participants within the distribution area can be encouraged to participate in voltage regulation, thus mitigating the conflict between the economic efficiency of individual participation and overall voltage regulation stability. This method involves multiple parties participating in distribution area voltage regulation, including PV and ESS operators and users. Simultaneously, it enables multi-party participation in electricity trading by the grid side, PV and ESS operators, users, and ordinary users, facilitating better voltage regulation.

[0247] In some embodiments, the optimal voltage regulation strategy further includes participation in voltage regulation rewards; the voltage regulation method for the low-voltage distribution area further includes sending the participation in voltage regulation rewards to the corresponding photovoltaic storage operators and photovoltaic storage users.

[0248] In this embodiment, the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the current operator and all photovoltaic and energy storage users can be fed back to the grid, the operator and the photovoltaic and energy storage users. This can encourage multiple photovoltaic and energy storage users in the distribution area to participate in voltage regulation, thereby helping to better regulate voltage.

[0249] This embodiment provides a smart terminal applied to a low-voltage distribution area, which is used to implement the voltage regulation method for the low-voltage distribution area described above.

[0250] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 2The aforementioned intelligent terminal can be a distribution area intelligent terminal, possessing computing and control capabilities. The intelligent terminal is pre-set with a voltage regulation model. When a voltage over-limit is detected in the low-voltage distribution area, it obtains the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area and calculates the optimal voltage regulation strategy based on the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area using the pre-set voltage regulation model. Finally, based on the optimal voltage regulation strategy, it regulates the voltage of the power grid, which can alleviate the contradiction between economy and stability, reduce the deviation between the theoretical optimization of the voltage regulation strategy and actual operation, realize unified decision-making by the intelligent terminal, guide the coordinated operation of distributed photovoltaic and energy storage devices in the distribution area, and facilitate control.

[0251] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 This schematically illustrates a structural block diagram of a voltage regulation device for a low-voltage distribution area according to an embodiment of this application. This embodiment provides a voltage regulation device for a low-voltage distribution area, which includes a photovoltaic-storage operator, photovoltaic-storage users, ordinary users, and a power grid. The photovoltaic-storage operator, photovoltaic-storage users, and ordinary users are respectively connected to the power grid. The photovoltaic-storage operator and the power grid supply power to the ordinary users and the photovoltaic-storage users, and the photovoltaic-storage users supply power to themselves. The voltage regulation device for the low-voltage distribution area includes an acquisition module 410, a calculation module 420, and a regulation module 430, wherein:

[0252] The acquisition module 410 is used to acquire the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area when a voltage over-limit is detected in the low-voltage distribution area.

[0253] The calculation module 420 is used to calculate the optimal voltage regulation strategy based on the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area using a preset voltage regulation model. The preset voltage regulation model is an optimization model established under preset constraints with the optimization objectives of minimizing losses and maximizing voltage regulation rewards. The optimal voltage regulation strategy includes the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic storage operator, the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic storage user, and the predicted voltage of each node in the low-voltage distribution area.

[0254] The regulation module 430 is used for the optimal voltage regulation strategy to regulate the voltage of the power grid.

[0255] The optimal voltage regulation strategy further includes the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the photovoltaic storage operator and the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the photovoltaic storage user; the voltage regulation device of the low-voltage distribution area further includes:

[0256] The sending module is used to send the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the optical storage operator and the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the optical storage user to the corresponding optical storage operator and optical storage user, respectively.

[0257] The voltage regulation device of the low-voltage zone includes a processor and a memory. The acquisition module 410, calculation module 420 and regulation module 430 are all stored in the memory as program units. The processor executes the program units stored in the memory to realize the corresponding functions.

[0258] The processor contains a core, which retrieves the corresponding program unit from memory. One or more cores can be configured, and voltage regulation of the low-voltage zone can be achieved by adjusting the core parameters.

[0259] The memory may include non-permanent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM, and the memory includes at least one memory chip.

[0260] This invention provides a machine-readable storage medium storing a program that, when executed by a processor, implements a voltage regulation method for the low-voltage zone.

[0261] This invention provides a processor for running a program, wherein the program executes a voltage regulation method for the low-voltage zone.

[0262] In one embodiment, a computer device is provided, which may be a terminal, and its internal structure diagram may be as follows: Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the computer device includes a processor A01, a network interface A02, a display screen A04, an input device A05, and a memory (not shown) connected via a system bus. The processor A01 provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes internal memory A03 and a non-volatile storage medium A06. The non-volatile storage medium A06 stores an operating system B01 and a computer program B02. The internal memory A03 provides an environment for the operation of the operating system B01 and the computer program B02 stored in the non-volatile storage medium A06. The network interface A02 is used for communication with external terminals via a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor A01, it implements a voltage regulation method for a low-voltage zone. The display screen A04 can be a liquid crystal display (LCD) or an e-ink display. The input device A05 can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad mounted on the computer device casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0263] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 4The structure shown is merely a block diagram of a portion of the structure related to the present application and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the present application is applied. Specific computer devices may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.

[0264] In one embodiment, the voltage regulation device for the low-voltage distribution area provided in this application can be implemented as a computer program, which can be implemented in the form of, for example... Figure 4 The computer device shown is running on this device. The computer device's memory can store the various program modules that make up the voltage regulation device of this low-voltage zone, for example, Figure 3 The acquisition module 410, calculation module 420, and control module 430 are shown. The computer program, composed of these modules, causes the processor to execute the steps of the voltage control method for the low-voltage zone in the various embodiments of this application described in this specification.

[0265] Figure 4 The computer equipment shown can be used as follows Figure 3 The acquisition module 410 of the voltage regulation device in the low-voltage area shown executes step 210, the calculation module 420 executes step 220, and the regulation module 430 executes step 230.

[0266] This application provides a device including a processor, a memory, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. The low-voltage distribution area includes a photovoltaic-storage operator, photovoltaic-storage users, ordinary users, and a power grid. The photovoltaic-storage operator, photovoltaic-storage users, and ordinary users are respectively connected to the power grid. The photovoltaic-storage operator and the power grid supply power to the ordinary users and the photovoltaic-storage users, and the photovoltaic-storage users supply power to themselves. When the processor executes the program, it performs the following steps:

[0267] If a voltage over-limit is detected in the low-voltage distribution area, the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area are obtained;

[0268] Based on the current operating parameters of the low-voltage distribution area, the optimal voltage regulation strategy is calculated using a preset voltage regulation model. The preset voltage regulation model is an optimization model established under preset constraints with the optimization objectives of minimizing losses and maximizing voltage regulation rewards. The optimal voltage regulation strategy includes the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator, the voltage regulation power of the photovoltaic and energy storage user, and the predicted voltage of each node in the low-voltage distribution area.

[0269] Based on the optimal voltage regulation strategy, the voltage of the power grid is regulated.

[0270] In one embodiment, the optimal voltage regulation strategy further includes the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the photovoltaic storage operator and the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the photovoltaic storage user; the voltage regulation method for the low-voltage distribution area further includes:

[0271] The voltage regulation incentive unit price of the photovoltaic storage operator and the voltage regulation incentive unit price of the photovoltaic storage user are sent to the corresponding photovoltaic storage operator and photovoltaic storage user, respectively.

[0272] In one embodiment, the optimization objective of the preset voltage regulation model is:

[0273]

[0274] in, This represents the voltage over-limit risk value. For the economic losses of photovoltaic and energy storage operators, Incentives for photovoltaic and energy storage operators to participate in voltage regulation. For the economic losses of all optical storage users, , For the economic losses of individual optical storage users, Voltage regulation rewards will be offered to all photovoltaic and energy storage users. , Voltage regulation rewards are offered to individual photovoltaic and energy storage users. The variance of revenue for all photovoltaic storage users. , , , These represent the preference weights for each optimization term. For the total number of all regular users, This refers to the total number of all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the area.

[0275] In one embodiment, the variance of revenue for all optical storage users is:

[0276] .

[0277] In one embodiment, the voltage over-limit risk value is expressed as:

[0278] ,

[0279] in, This is the upper limit of the voltage limit. This represents the upper limit of the voltage warning range. Let N be the voltage warning limit for the nth node, where N is the number of nodes in the low-voltage distribution area. This represents the risk value for voltage exceeding the limit.

[0280] In one embodiment, the economic loss of the optical storage operator is the sum of the first cost and the second cost;

[0281] The first cost is the sum of the equipment loss and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the photovoltaic equipment of the photovoltaic storage operator, the equipment loss costs of photovoltaic reactive power regulation of the photovoltaic storage operator, and the curtailment losses of the photovoltaic storage operator;

[0282] The second cost is the sum of the equipment loss and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the energy storage equipment of the photovoltaic and energy storage operators, the equipment loss costs of the active power regulation of the energy storage of the photovoltaic and energy storage operators, and the active power losses of the active power regulation of the energy storage of the photovoltaic and energy storage operators.

[0283] In one embodiment, the equipment loss and maintenance cost caused by the voltage fluctuation to the photovoltaic equipment of the photovoltaic storage operator is the product of the degree of voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic storage operator's node and the maintenance cost of the photovoltaic equipment per unit voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic storage operator.

[0284] The equipment loss cost of photovoltaic reactive power regulation for photovoltaic energy storage operators is the product of the reactive power of photovoltaic equipment participating in voltage regulation and the equipment cost per unit reactive power voltage regulation for photovoltaic energy storage operators.

[0285] The curtailment loss of the photovoltaic-storage operator is the product of the power loss of the photovoltaic-storage operator and the current electricity price of the photovoltaic-storage operator. The power loss of the photovoltaic-storage operator is the sum of the photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic-storage operator per unit time minus the photovoltaic power supply of the photovoltaic-storage operator and the power stored in the photovoltaic-storage operator's energy storage.

[0286] In one embodiment, the equipment loss and maintenance cost caused by the voltage fluctuation to the energy storage equipment of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator is the product of the degree of voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator's node and the energy storage equipment maintenance cost per unit voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic and energy storage operator.

[0287] The equipment loss cost of the photovoltaic-storage operator's active power regulation is the product of the active power of the energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation and the equipment cost per unit of active power voltage regulation.

[0288] The active power loss of the photovoltaic-storage operator's energy storage active power regulation is the product of the active power of the photovoltaic-storage operator's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation and the operator's current electricity transaction price.

[0289] In one embodiment, the economic loss of a single optical storage user is the sum of the third cost and the fourth cost;

[0290] The third cost is the sum of the equipment loss and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the photovoltaic equipment of photovoltaic storage users, the equipment loss costs of photovoltaic reactive power regulation of photovoltaic users, and the curtailment losses of photovoltaic storage users.

[0291] The fourth cost is the sum of the equipment loss and maintenance costs caused by voltage fluctuations to the energy storage equipment of photovoltaic and energy storage users, the equipment loss costs of active power regulation of energy storage for photovoltaic and energy storage users, and the active power losses of active power regulation of energy storage for photovoltaic and energy storage users.

[0292] In one embodiment, the equipment loss and maintenance cost caused by the voltage fluctuation to the photovoltaic equipment of the photovoltaic storage user is the product of the degree of voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic storage user node and the maintenance cost of the photovoltaic equipment per unit voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic storage user.

[0293] The equipment loss cost of photovoltaic reactive power regulation for photovoltaic users is the product of the reactive power of photovoltaic equipment participating in voltage regulation and the equipment cost per unit reactive power of voltage regulation for photovoltaic users.

[0294] The curtailment loss of photovoltaic power storage users is the product of the photovoltaic active power loss of photovoltaic power storage users and the current electricity purchase price of users. The photovoltaic active power loss of photovoltaic power storage users is the sum of the photovoltaic power generation of photovoltaic power storage users per unit time minus the power supplied to themselves by photovoltaic power storage users and the power stored in photovoltaic power storage users.

[0295] In one embodiment, the equipment loss and maintenance cost caused by the voltage fluctuation to the energy storage equipment of the photovoltaic-storage user is the product of the degree of voltage over-limit of the photovoltaic-storage user node and the maintenance cost of the energy storage equipment per unit over-limit voltage of the photovoltaic-storage user.

[0296] The equipment loss cost of active power regulation for photovoltaic-storage users is the product of the active power of the energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation and the equipment cost per unit of active power voltage regulation for photovoltaic-storage users.

[0297] The active power loss of the photovoltaic-storage user's energy storage active power regulation is the product of the active power of the photovoltaic-storage user's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation and the user's current electricity purchase price.

[0298] In one embodiment, the reward for the photovoltaic and energy storage operator participating in voltage regulation is the sum of the reactive power reward and the active power reward for the photovoltaic and energy storage operator participating in voltage regulation, and the reward for a single photovoltaic and energy storage user participating in voltage regulation is the sum of the reactive power reward and the active power reward for the photovoltaic and energy storage user participating in voltage regulation.

[0299] In one embodiment, the preset constraints include: photovoltaic reactive power output constraints, power transmission constraints, power flow constraints, energy storage capacity and power constraints, voltage constraints, and incentive unit price constraints.

[0300] In one embodiment, the power transmission constraints include constraints on the transmission of photovoltaic power from the operator to the user, constraints on the transmission of energy storage power from the operator to the user, constraints on the transmission of photovoltaic power from the operator to the energy storage, constraints on the transmission of photovoltaic power from the j-th photovoltaic-energy storage user to its own power supply, constraints on the transmission of energy storage power from the j-th photovoltaic-energy storage user to its own power supply, and constraints on the transmission of photovoltaic power from the photovoltaic power storage user to its own energy storage device.

[0301] In one embodiment, the user has a first priority in the operator's photovoltaic power transmission transaction, the operator's photovoltaic system has a third priority in the power supply transaction of the photovoltaic-storage user, and the operator's photovoltaic system has a first priority in the power supply transaction of the ordinary user. The constraints on the operator's photovoltaic power transmission to the user are as follows:

[0302] ,

[0303] in, The photovoltaic power generation capacity per unit time of the operator. For the external power supply needs of all ordinary users, To meet the external power supply needs of all photovoltaic and energy storage users, For the total number of all regular users, This refers to the total number of all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the area. This refers to the power output of the operator's photovoltaic system to all ordinary users in the distribution area. This refers to the power output of the photovoltaic system provided by the operator to all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the distribution area.

[0304] In one embodiment, the user has a first priority in the operator's energy storage power transmission transaction, the operator's energy storage has a fourth priority in the power supply transaction of the photovoltaic energy storage user, and the operator's energy storage has a second priority in the power supply transaction of the ordinary user. The constraints on the operator's energy storage power transmission to the user are as follows:

[0305] ,

[0306] in, The photovoltaic power generation capacity per unit time of the operator. For the external power supply needs of all ordinary users, To meet the external power supply needs of all photovoltaic and energy storage users, For the total number of all regular users, This refers to the total number of all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the area. , These represent the lower and upper limits of energy storage capacity for operators. This represents the total remaining power of the operator's energy storage devices. The energy storage capacity of the operator provides power to all ordinary users in the distribution area. This provides the power supply for all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the distribution area to the operator's energy storage system.

[0307] In one embodiment, the operator's energy storage has a second priority in the operator's photovoltaic power transmission transaction, and the constraints on the operator's photovoltaic storage to energy storage are:

[0308] ,

[0309] in, The photovoltaic power generation capacity per unit time of the operator. For the external power supply needs of all ordinary users, To meet the external power supply needs of all photovoltaic and energy storage users, For the total number of all regular users, This refers to the total number of all photovoltaic and energy storage users in the area. , These represent the lower and upper limits of energy storage capacity for operators. This represents the total remaining power of the operator's energy storage devices. This refers to the power output from photovoltaic to energy storage for operators.

[0310] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic-storage user has a first priority in the photovoltaic power transmission transaction of the photovoltaic-storage user, and the photovoltaic power of the photovoltaic-storage user has a first priority in the power supply transaction of the photovoltaic-storage user. The constraint on the photovoltaic power transmission of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user to its own power supply is as follows:

[0311] ,

[0312] in, For the total power supply demand of the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user, Photovoltaic power generation per unit time. The photovoltaic power transmitted to the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user is the power supplied to itself.

[0313] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic-storage user has a first priority in the photovoltaic-storage user energy storage power transmission transaction, and the photovoltaic-storage user's energy storage has a second priority in the photovoltaic-storage user power supply transaction. The constraint on the power of the energy storage power transmitted by the j-th photovoltaic-storage user to its own power supply is as follows:

[0314] ,

[0315] in, For the total power supply demand of the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user, Photovoltaic power generation per unit time. , Let be the lower limit and upper limit of the energy storage capacity for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, respectively. Let the remaining power of the energy storage device of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user be denoted as . The energy storage power of the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user is transferred to its own power supply.

[0316] In one embodiment, the photovoltaic-storage user's energy storage has a second priority in the photovoltaic power transmission transaction, and the constraint on the photovoltaic power transmission from the photovoltaic user to its own energy storage device is as follows:

[0317] ,

[0318] in, For the total power supply demand of the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user, Photovoltaic power generation per unit time. , Let be the lower limit and upper limit of the energy storage capacity for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, respectively. Let the remaining power of the energy storage device of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user be denoted as . Let be the power from photovoltaic to energy storage for the j-th photovoltaic-energy storage user.

[0319] In one embodiment, the power supply requirement of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user is the total power supply requirement of the photovoltaic-storage user minus the power supplied by the photovoltaic and energy storage of the photovoltaic-storage user to itself.

[0320] In one embodiment, the power flow constraint is:

[0321] ,

[0322] ,

[0323] in, , This refers to the number of nodes within the distribution area. , These represent the active power load demand and reactive power load demand of node n within the transformer area, respectively. , They are node n and The real and imaginary parts of the elements in the admittance matrix. It is node n and The phase angle difference between them , They are the nth node and the nth node respectively. The voltage of each node, , The first The active and reactive power output of each node.

[0324] In one embodiment, when When the node is a photovoltaic-storage operator node, the active power output by the photovoltaic-storage operator node is the sum of the total power supplied by the photovoltaic-storage operator to the user and the total active power of the photovoltaic-storage operator's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation. The reactive power output by the photovoltaic-storage operator node is the total reactive power of the photovoltaic equipment of the photovoltaic-storage operator participating in voltage regulation.

[0325] In one embodiment, when At that time, the node is a photovoltaic-storage user node, the active power output by the photovoltaic-storage user node is the active power of the photovoltaic-storage user's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation, and the reactive power output by the photovoltaic-storage user node is the reactive power of the photovoltaic equipment of the photovoltaic-storage user participating in voltage regulation.

[0326] In one embodiment, when At that time, the node is a regular user node, and the active power and reactive power output by the regular user node are both 0.

[0327] In one embodiment, the energy storage capacity and power constraints are:

[0328] ,

[0329] in, , These represent the lower and upper limits of energy storage capacity for operators. This represents the total remaining power of the operator's energy storage devices. , This sets the lower and upper limits for the energy storage capacity of operators. For the operator's photovoltaic to energy storage power, The energy storage capacity of the operator provides power to all ordinary users in the distribution area. This provides the power supply for all photovoltaic and energy storage users to the operator's energy storage system. The total active power of the operator's energy storage equipment participating in voltage regulation;

[0330] ,

[0331] in, , Let be the lower limit and upper limit of the energy storage capacity for the j-th photovoltaic-storage user, respectively. Let the remaining power of the energy storage device of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user be denoted as . The power supplied to the j-th photovoltaic energy storage user by the energy storage system. , Let the lower and upper limits of the energy storage power of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user be denoted as . Let j be the power from photovoltaic to energy storage for the j-th photovoltaic-energy storage user. Let be the active power of the energy storage device of the j-th photovoltaic-storage user participating in voltage regulation.

[0332] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0333] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0334] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0335] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0336] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0337] Memory may include non-persistent memory in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0338] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0339] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0340] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A voltage regulation method for a low-voltage distribution area, characterized by, The low-voltage area includes a light storage operator, a light storage user, a general user, and a power grid, the light storage operator, the light storage user, and the general user are connected to the power grid respectively, the light storage operator and the power grid supply power to the general user and the light storage user, and the light storage user supplies power to itself; The voltage regulation method of the low-voltage area includes: In the case that it is detected that the low-voltage area exists voltage out-of-limit, the current operating parameter of the low-voltage area is obtained; Based on the current operating parameter of the low-voltage area, an optimal voltage regulation strategy is calculated by using a preset voltage regulation model, the preset voltage regulation model is an optimization model established under a preset constraint condition, with the optimization objective of minimizing loss and maximizing voltage regulation reward, and the optimal voltage regulation strategy includes the participating voltage regulation power of the light storage operator, the participating voltage regulation power of the light storage user, and the predicted voltage of each node in the low-voltage area; Based on the optimal voltage regulation strategy, the power grid is subjected to voltage regulation; The optimization objective of the preset voltage regulation model is: wherein, is the voltage out-of-limit risk value, is the economic loss of the optical storage operator, is the reward for the optical storage operator participating in voltage regulation, is the economic loss of all optical storage users, , is the economic loss of a single optical storage user, is the reward for all optical storage users participating in voltage regulation, , is the reward for a single optical storage user participating in voltage regulation, is the revenue variance of all optical storage users, , , , are the preference weights of each optimization item respectively, is the number of all ordinary users, is the number of all optical storage users in the transformer area.

2. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage transformer area as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The optimal voltage regulation strategy further includes the voltage regulation reward unit price of the light storage operator and the voltage regulation reward unit price of the light storage user; the voltage regulation method of the low-voltage area further includes: The voltage regulation reward unit price of the light storage operator and the voltage regulation reward unit price of the light storage user are respectively sent to the corresponding light storage operator and light storage user.

3. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage transformer area as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The revenue variance of all light storage users is: 。 4. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage transformer area as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The voltage out-of-limit risk value is represented as: ， wherein, is the upper limit of the voltage out-of-limit, is the upper limit of the voltage warning range, is the voltage warning out-of-limit value of the nth node, N is the number of nodes in the low-voltage area, is the voltage out-of-limit risk value.

5. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage transformer area as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The economic loss of the light storage operator is the sum of a first cost and a second cost; The first cost is the sum of the device loss maintenance cost of the voltage fluctuation on the photovoltaic equipment of the light storage operator, the device loss cost of the photovoltaic reactive power regulation of the light storage operator, and the light loss of the light storage operator; The second cost is the sum of the device loss maintenance cost of the voltage fluctuation on the energy storage equipment of the light storage operator, the device loss cost of the energy storage active power regulation of the light storage operator, and the active loss of the energy storage active power regulation of the light storage operator.

6. The voltage regulation method of low voltage transformer area as claimed in claim 5 wherein, The device loss maintenance cost of the voltage fluctuation on the photovoltaic equipment of the light storage operator is the product of the voltage out-of-limit degree of the light storage operator node and the photovoltaic equipment maintenance cost per unit out-of-limit voltage of the light storage operator; The device loss cost of the photovoltaic reactive power regulation of the light storage operator is the product of the participating voltage regulation reactive power of the photovoltaic equipment of the light storage operator and the device cost per unit reactive power regulation of the light storage operator; The light loss of the light storage operator is the product of the photovoltaic active loss power of the light storage operator and the transaction price of the light storage operator at the current time, and the photovoltaic active loss power of the light storage operator is the sum of the photovoltaic power generation power of the light storage operator per unit time minus the photovoltaic power supply power of the light storage operator and the storage to the energy storage power of the light storage operator.

7. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage transformer area as claimed in claim 5 wherein, The device loss maintenance cost of the voltage fluctuation on the energy storage equipment of the light storage operator is the product of the voltage out-of-limit degree of the light storage operator node and the energy storage equipment maintenance cost per unit out-of-limit voltage of the light storage operator; The device loss cost of the energy storage active power regulation of the light storage operator is the product of the participating voltage regulation active power of the energy storage equipment of the light storage operator and the device cost per unit active power regulation; and The active loss of the active regulation of the energy storage of the photovoltaic storage operator is the product of the active power of the energy storage of the photovoltaic storage operator participating in voltage regulation and the transaction price of the operator at the current time.

8. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage transformer area as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The economic loss of the single photovoltaic storage user is the sum of the third cost and the fourth cost. The third cost is the sum of the device loss maintenance cost of the voltage fluctuation to the photovoltaic device of the photovoltaic storage user, the device loss cost of the reactive power regulation of the photovoltaic device of the photovoltaic storage user, and the light loss of the photovoltaic storage user. The fourth cost is the sum of the device loss maintenance cost of the voltage fluctuation to the energy storage device of the photovoltaic storage user, the device loss cost of the active regulation of the energy storage device of the photovoltaic storage user, and the active loss of the active regulation of the energy storage device of the photovoltaic storage user.

9. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage transformer area as claimed in claim 8 wherein, The device loss maintenance cost of the voltage fluctuation to the photovoltaic device of the photovoltaic storage user is the product of the voltage out-of-limit degree of the node of the photovoltaic storage user and the photovoltaic device maintenance cost per unit of voltage out-of-limit. The device loss cost of the reactive power regulation of the photovoltaic device of the photovoltaic storage user is the product of the reactive power of the photovoltaic device of the photovoltaic storage user participating in voltage regulation and the device cost per unit of reactive power regulation. The light loss of the photovoltaic storage user is the product of the active loss power of the photovoltaic device of the photovoltaic storage user and the purchase price of the user at the current time, and the active loss power of the photovoltaic device of the photovoltaic storage user is the sum of the photovoltaic power generated per unit of time, the power supplied to itself by the photovoltaic storage user, and the power stored to the energy storage of the photovoltaic storage user.

10. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage transformer area as claimed in claim 8 wherein, The device loss maintenance cost of the voltage fluctuation to the energy storage device of the photovoltaic storage user is the product of the voltage out-of-limit degree of the node of the photovoltaic storage user and the energy storage device maintenance cost per unit of voltage out-of-limit. The device loss cost of the active regulation of the energy storage device of the photovoltaic storage user is the product of the active power of the energy storage device of the photovoltaic storage user participating in voltage regulation and the device cost per unit of active power regulation. The active loss of the active regulation of the energy storage device of the photovoltaic storage user is the product of the active power of the energy storage device of the photovoltaic storage user participating in voltage regulation and the purchase price of the user at the current time.

11. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage transformer area as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The reward for the photovoltaic storage operator participating in voltage regulation is the sum of the reactive reward and the active reward of the photovoltaic storage operator participating in voltage regulation, and the reward for the single photovoltaic storage user participating in voltage regulation is the sum of the reactive reward and the active reward of the photovoltaic storage user participating in voltage regulation.

12. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage transformer area as claimed in claim 1 wherein, The preset constraint conditions include photovoltaic reactive power output constraint, power transmission constraint, power flow constraint, energy storage capacity and power constraint, voltage constraint, and reward price constraint.

13. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage transformer area as claimed in claim 12 wherein, The power transmission constraint includes the constraint of the photovoltaic power transmission from the operator to the user, the constraint of the energy storage power transmission from the operator to the user, the constraint of the photovoltaic storage to the energy storage of the operator, the constraint of the photovoltaic power transmission from the jth photovoltaic storage user to the power supply to itself, the constraint of the energy storage power transmission from the jth photovoltaic storage user to the power supply to itself, and the constraint of the photovoltaic power transmission from the photovoltaic storage user to the energy storage device of itself.

14. The voltage regulation method of low voltage distribution area according to claim 13, characterized in that, The user has the first priority in the photovoltaic power transmission transaction of the operator, the photovoltaic power of the operator has the third priority in the power supply transaction of the photovoltaic storage user, the photovoltaic power of the operator has the first priority in the power supply transaction of the ordinary user, and the constraint of the photovoltaic power transmission from the operator to the user is ， Wherein, is the power of the photovoltaic power generation of the operator per unit time, is the power supply demand of all ordinary users that needs to be externally provided, is the power supply demand of all light storage users that needs to be externally provided, is the number of all ordinary users, is the number of all light storage users in the transformer area, is the power supply power of the photovoltaic power generation of the operator to all ordinary users in the transformer area, is the power supply power of the photovoltaic power generation of the operator to all light storage users in the transformer area.

15. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage feeders as claimed in claim 13 wherein, The user has the first priority in the operator energy storage power transmission transaction, the operator energy storage has the fourth priority in the power supply transaction of the light storage user, the operator energy storage has the second priority in the power supply transaction of the ordinary user, and the constraint of the operator energy storage power transmission to the user is: ， Wherein, is the operator photovoltaic power per unit time, is the power supply demand of all ordinary users needing external supply, is the power supply demand of all light storage users needing external supply, is the number of all ordinary users, is the number of all light storage users in the transformer area, , are the lower limit and upper limit of the operator energy storage capacity respectively, is the total remaining power of the operator energy storage device, is the power supply of the operator energy storage to all ordinary users in the transformer area, is the power supply of the operator energy storage to all light storage users in the transformer area.

16. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage feeders as claimed in claim 13 wherein, The operator energy storage has the second priority in the operator photovoltaic power transmission transaction, and the constraint of the operator photovoltaic storage to the energy storage is: ， Wherein, is the operator photovoltaic power per unit time, is the power supply demand of all ordinary users needing external supply, is the power supply demand of all light storage users needing external supply, is the number of all ordinary users, is the number of all light storage users in the transformer area, , respectively the lower limit and the upper limit of the operator energy storage capacity, is the total remaining power of the operator energy storage device, is the power of the operator photovoltaic to energy storage.

17. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage feeders as claimed in claim 13 wherein, The light storage user has the first priority in the light storage user photovoltaic power transmission transaction, the light storage user photovoltaic has the first priority in the power supply transaction of the light storage user, and the constraint of the photovoltaic power of the jth light storage user to its own power supply power is: ， wherein, is the total power demand of the jthoptical storage user, is the power generated by the jthoptical storage user per unit time, is the power transferred by the jthoptical storage user from the photovoltaic power to the power supply.

18. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage feeders as claimed in claim 13 wherein, The light storage user has the first priority in the light storage user energy storage power transmission transaction, the light storage user energy storage has the second priority in the power supply transaction of the light storage user, and the constraint of the energy storage power of the jth light storage user to its own power supply power is: ， wherein, is the total power supply demand of the jthoptical storage user, is the user photovoltaic power per unit time, , are the lower limit and upper limit of the energy storage capacity of the jthoptical storage user, respectively, is the residual energy of the energy storage device of the jthoptical storage user, is the energy storage power transmitted to the power supply of the jthoptical storage user.

19. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage feeders as claimed in claim 13 wherein, The light storage user energy storage has the second priority in the light storage user photovoltaic power transmission transaction, and the constraint of the photovoltaic of the light storage user to its own energy storage device is: ， wherein, is the total power demand of the jthoptical storage user, is the power generated by the jthoptical storage user per unit time, , are the lower and upper limits of the storage capacity of the jthoptical storage user, respectively, is the remaining power of the storage device of the jthoptical storage user, is the power from photovoltaic to storage of the jthoptical storage user.

20. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage transformer area according to any one of claims 14-16, characterized in that, The external power supply demand of the jth light storage user is the total power supply demand of the light storage user minus the power supply power of the photovoltaic and energy storage of the light storage user to its own user.

21. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage feeders as claimed in claim 12 wherein, The power flow constraint is: ， ， in, , This refers to the number of nodes within the distribution area. , These represent the active power load demand and reactive power load demand of node n within the transformer area, respectively. , They are node n and The real and imaginary parts of the elements in the admittance matrix. It is node n and The phase angle difference between them , They are respectively the nth node and the nth node. Predicted voltage of each node, , The first The active and reactive power output of each node.

22. The voltage regulation method of low voltage distribution area according to claim 21, wherein, When the node is an optical storage operator node, the active power output by the optical storage operator node is the sum of the total power supply of the optical storage operator to users and the total active power of the optical storage operator energy storage device participating in voltage regulation, and the reactive power output by the optical storage operator node is the total reactive power of the optical storage operator photovoltaic device participating in voltage regulation.

23. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage feeders as claimed in claim 21 wherein, When the node is a light storage user node, the active power output by the light storage user node is active power of a light storage user energy storage device participating in voltage regulation, and the reactive power output by the light storage user node is reactive power of a light storage user photovoltaic device participating in voltage regulation.

24. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage feeders as claimed in claim 21 wherein, When the node is a normal user node, the active power and the reactive power output by the normal user node are both 0.

25. The method for voltage regulation of low voltage feeders as claimed in claim 12 wherein, The energy storage capacity and power constraint is represented as: ， Wherein, , are the lower and upper limits of the operator's energy storage capacity, is the total remaining power of the operator's energy storage device, , are the lower and upper limits of the operator's energy storage power, is the power of the operator's photovoltaic-to-energy storage, is the power supplied by the operator's energy storage to all ordinary users in the transformer area, is the power supplied by the operator's energy storage to all photovoltaic-to-energy storage users, is the total active power of the operator's energy storage device participating in voltage regulation; ， wherein, , are the lower and upper limits of the energy storage capacity of the jthoptical storage user, is the remaining energy of the energy storage device of the jthoptical storage user, is the power supplied by the energy storage of the jthoptical storage user to the jthoptical storage user, , are the lower and upper limits of the energy storage power of the jthoptical storage user, is the power from photovoltaic to energy storage of the jthoptical storage user, is the active power of the energy storage device of the jthoptical storage user participating in voltage regulation.

26. A voltage regulating device for low voltage distribution area, characterized in that, The low-voltage area includes a light storage operator, a light storage user, an ordinary user and a power grid, the light storage operator, the light storage user and the ordinary user are connected to the power grid, the light storage operator and the power grid supply power to the ordinary user and the light storage user, and the light storage user supplies power to itself. The voltage regulation device of the low-voltage area comprises: An acquisition module is configured to acquire current operating parameters of the low-voltage area when it is detected that the low-voltage area has voltage out-of-limit; A calculation module is configured to calculate an optimal voltage regulation strategy based on the current operating parameters of the low-voltage area by using a preset voltage regulation model, the preset voltage regulation model being an optimization model established under preset constraints, with the optimization objective being to minimize loss and maximize voltage regulation reward, the optimal voltage regulation strategy including the participation voltage regulation power of the light storage operator, the participation voltage regulation power of the light storage user, and the predicted voltage of each node in the low-voltage area; wherein the optimization objective of the preset voltage regulation model is: wherein, is the voltage out-of-limit risk value, is the economic loss of the optical storage operator, is the reward of the optical storage operator participating in voltage regulation, is the economic loss of all optical storage users, , is the economic loss of a single optical storage user, is the reward of all optical storage users participating in voltage regulation, , is the reward of a single optical storage user participating in voltage regulation, is the revenue variance of all optical storage users, , , , are the preference weights of each optimization item respectively, is the number of all ordinary users, is the number of all optical storage users in the transformer area; A regulation module is configured to regulate the voltage of the power grid based on the optimal voltage regulation strategy.

27. The voltage regulation device for low voltage distribution area as claimed in claim 26 wherein, The optimal voltage regulation strategy further includes the voltage regulation reward unit price of the light storage operator and the voltage regulation reward unit price of the light storage user; and the voltage regulation device of the low-voltage area further comprises: A sending module is configured to send the voltage regulation reward unit price of the light storage operator and the voltage regulation reward unit price of the light storage user to the corresponding light storage operator and light storage user, respectively.

28. A smart terminal, characterized in that The intelligent terminal is applied to a low-voltage area and is used to implement the voltage regulation method of the low-voltage area as claimed in any one of claims 1-25.

29. An electronic device, comprising: The electronic device includes: At least one processor; a memory, connected with the at least one processor; wherein the memory stores instructions that are executable by the at least one processor, and the at least one processor, via executing the instructions stored in the memory, implements the voltage regulation method for low-voltage transformer area according to any one of claims 1-25.

30. A machine-readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon, the instructions comprising: The instructions, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to be configured to perform the voltage regulation method for low-voltage transformer area according to any one of claims 1-25.

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