Power-controllable switching power supply and control method thereof
Through multi-module collaborative design and intelligent control strategy, load changes are monitored in real time and output power is adjusted dynamically, which solves the problem of unstable output of traditional switching power supplies under complex load environments and achieves highly stable and efficient power supply.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511022465.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-03
AI Technical Summary
Traditional switching power supply designs are difficult to adapt to complex and changing load environments, resulting in unstable output power and prone to overvoltage, overcurrent, or undervoltage, undercurrent, affecting the normal operation of equipment and possibly causing failures.
The system adopts multi-module collaborative design and intelligent control strategy to collect the working status of the power output module in real time. It combines high-precision detection module with adaptive control strategy, introduces voltage stabilization protection circuit and high-precision detection module to achieve real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment of load changes, and conducts comprehensive analysis based on historical load model to ensure the stability of output power.
It achieves dynamic adaptation to complex load environments, ensures output stability and reduces output fluctuations through hierarchical control strategies and multi-channel collaborative gain mechanisms, improves the stability and reliability of the switching power supply, and meets the needs of high-precision and high-stability power supplies.
Smart Images
Figure CN120750146A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of switching power supplies, and in particular to a power-controllable switching power supply and a control method thereof. Background Art
[0002] As a high-frequency power conversion device, switching power supplies play a vital role in modern electronic devices. Their core function is to efficiently and stably convert input AC (such as mains electricity) or DC (direct current) into the DC power required by the device through various architectures. This allows them to meet the diverse voltage and current requirements of loads such as personal computers. Despite their widespread application in power conversion, switching power supplies still face numerous challenges in their technological development.
[0003] Traditional switching power supply designs often utilize a dedicated architecture, meaning their output power and voltage / current characteristics are fixed at the factory. This design approach maintains basic operation under minimal load fluctuations. However, significant load fluctuations make it difficult for the power supply to quickly adjust its output power, which can easily lead to instabilities such as overvoltage, overcurrent, or undervoltage and undercurrent. These fluctuations not only affect normal equipment operation but can also cause power failures, resulting in serious consequences such as data loss or hardware damage. In addition to the limitations of dedicated designs, traditional switching power supplies also have significant flaws in their control methods and hardware circuits. Traditional control methods are often based on fixed algorithms and parameters, making them difficult to adapt to complex and changing load environments. Furthermore, the hardware circuit design often lacks sufficient flexibility and precision, compromising the accuracy of control results. These issues collectively limit the performance of switching power supplies under dynamic load conditions, making them unable to meet the growing demand for high-precision, high-stability power supplies.
[0004] Therefore, to overcome the shortcomings of current technology and improve the adaptability and stability of switching power supplies in complex load environments, it is urgent to design a power-controllable switching power supply and control method. This method should be able to monitor load changes in real time and dynamically adjust the power supply's output power to ensure that the power supply always operates within a safe and stable range. At the same time, by introducing advanced control algorithms and hardware circuit design, the accuracy and response speed of the control results can be improved, and output fluctuations and loss of control can be reduced, thereby significantly improving the overall performance and application range of the switching power supply. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a power-controllable switching power supply and a control method thereof in order to solve at least one of the above technical problems.
[0006] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned purpose through the following technical solutions: A power-controllable switching power supply, comprising: a control module, a power parameter detection module, a load parameter detection module, a power output module, and a data storage module; The power output module outputs one or more power signals to the load under the control of the control module; The power parameter detection module is used to send the detected primary side voltage and current and secondary side voltage and current of the power output module to the control module; The load parameter detection module is used to send the detected load parameters to the control module; The data storage module is used to store the data of each power supply operation and the load parameters and load data corresponding to the known load type; The control module is used to generate a control instruction and send it to the power output module based on the data obtained from the data storage module, the data obtained from the power parameter detection module, and the data obtained from the load parameter detection module.
[0007] Furthermore, the power output module includes: a voltage stabilization protection circuit; the voltage stabilization protection circuit is used to control the output fluctuation of the power output module not to exceed a preset threshold.
[0008] Furthermore, the preset thresholds include a sudden change protection voltage threshold and a sudden change protection current threshold; The voltage stabilizing protection circuit can adjust the number and connection mode of bus capacitors connected to the bus.
[0009] Furthermore, the power supply parameter detection module includes: an AD conversion chip and a voltage and current acquisition chip.
[0010] Furthermore, the load parameters include: load current, load voltage, load type; The load parameter detection module includes an AD conversion chip, a voltage and current acquisition chip, and a load power acquisition chip.
[0011] Furthermore, the control module confirms the working state of the power output module based on the data acquired by the power parameter detection module and the data acquired by the load parameter detection module; Sending corresponding control instructions to the power output module based on the working status of the power output module; The control module includes: a digital signal processor, a level conversion chip, a driver chip, and a power supply chip; The digital signal processor is used to process and analyze the input signal in real time; The driver chip is used to amplify the signal; The power chip is used to supply power to the circuit of the control module.
[0012] A method for controlling a power-controllable switching power supply, using any of the power-controllable switching power supplies described above, the method comprising the following steps: Collect the load parameters of the target load, the primary voltage and current of the power output module, and the secondary voltage and current; Based on the collected data and the data stored in the data storage module, confirm the current working state of the power output module; the working state includes: overpower working state, underpower working state and normal working state; Based on the working status, the output of the power output module is controlled.
[0013] Furthermore, in the overpower working state, the output control of the power output module includes: Step 1: Based on the primary side voltage and current and the secondary side voltage and current of the power output module, determine whether there is a voltage mutation or current mutation on the primary side; if so, execute step 6; otherwise, execute step 2; Step 2: Determine whether the power output module is in a multi-channel output state for the target load; if so, execute step 3; otherwise, execute step 5; Step 3: Each time one output is reduced, determine whether the output of the power output module is in an overpower working state; if so, execute step 4; otherwise, enter the normal working state; Step 4: When the number of outputs is reduced to only one to supply power to the target load, determine whether the output of the power output module is in an overpower working state; if so, execute step 5; otherwise, enter a normal working state; Step 5: gradually reducing the PWM duty cycle output to the target load until the output of the power output module enters a normal working state; Step 6: Repeat the acquisition of the primary side voltage and current and the secondary side voltage and current of the power output module for a preset number of times to determine whether there is a voltage or current mutation on the primary side; if so, proceed to step 7; otherwise, enter the normal working state; Step seven, start the voltage stabilizing protection circuit.
[0014] Furthermore, in the under-power working state, the output control of the power output module includes: Step 1: Based on the primary side voltage and current and the secondary side voltage and current of the power output module, determine whether the power output module is overloaded; if so, based on the load parameters and the load model information stored in the data storage module, determine whether the target load exceeds the maximum load capacity of the switching power supply; if so, issue an alarm; otherwise, execute step 2; Step 2: gradually increase the PWM duty cycle output to the target load until it reaches a maximum; each time the adjustment is made, synchronously detect whether the real-time output to the target load is balanced with the target load; if so, enter the normal working state; otherwise, execute step 3; Step 3: Reduce the PWM duty cycle output to the target load to the default PWM duty cycle, and increase the number of output channels to the target load until the maximum number of channels is reached; each time the adjustment is made, synchronous detection is performed to determine whether the real-time output to the target load is balanced with the target load; if so, enter normal working state; otherwise, execute step 4; Step 4: When the maximum number of output channels still does not meet the target load requirement, the PWM duty cycle of each output channel is gradually increased while ensuring that the PWM duty cycle of each channel for the target load is consistent until the normal working state is reached.
[0015] Furthermore, under normal working conditions, the output control of the power output module includes: Obtaining the primary side voltage and current and the secondary side voltage and current of the power output module, and storing the obtained data in the data storage module; Determine whether there is a voltage or current mutation on the primary side; if so, start the voltage stabilization protection circuit; otherwise, work normally.
[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention realizes dynamic adaptation to complex load environments through multi-module collaborative design and intelligent control strategies; it collects the primary / secondary voltage and current and load parameters of the power output module in real time, and performs comprehensive analysis in combination with historical load models, which can accurately identify load mutations and automatically adjust the output power; in overpower scenarios, it ensures output stability through a hierarchical control strategy (reducing the number of output channels → reducing PWM duty cycle → starting voltage regulation protection); in underpower scenarios, it optimizes energy efficiency through an intelligent duty cycle adjustment algorithm and a multi-channel collaborative gain mechanism, avoiding the output fluctuations or component overload risks caused by the fixed architecture of traditional power supplies.
[0017] The present invention dynamically adjusts the busbar capacitor array through a voltage-stabilizing protection circuit to control output fluctuations within a preset threshold. By combining a high-precision detection module with an adaptive control algorithm, a load-duty cycle mapping table is established to achieve fast response and high-precision voltage ripple control. When a persistent anomaly is detected, the protection mode is automatically triggered and an alarm is issued, effectively improving the reliability of the power supply system and meeting the needs of precision equipment for a high-stability power supply. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power-controllable switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2This is a flow chart of a control method for a power-controllable switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a control method for a power-controllable switching power supply according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a method for controlling an overpower working state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flow chart of a method for controlling an underpower working state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flow chart of a normal working state control method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The present invention will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments discussed are only intended to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the present invention, rather than to imply any limitation on the scope of the present invention.
[0020] As used herein, the term "including" and variations thereof are to be interpreted as open-ended terms meaning "including, but not limited to." The term "based on" is to be interpreted as "based, at least in part, on." The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be interpreted as "at least one embodiment."
[0021] Example 1 Figure 1 FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a power-controllable switching power supply structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a power-controllable switching power supply includes: a control module, a power parameter detection module, a load parameter detection module, a power output module, and a data storage module; The power output module outputs one or more power signals to the load under the control of the control module; The power parameter detection module is used to send the detected primary side voltage and current and secondary side voltage and current of the power output module to the control module; The load parameter detection module is used to send the detected load parameters to the control module; The data storage module is used to store the data of each power supply operation and the load parameters and load data corresponding to the known load type; The control module is used to generate a control instruction and send it to the power output module based on the data obtained from the data storage module, the data obtained from the power parameter detection module, and the data obtained from the load parameter detection module.
[0022] In this embodiment, a power-controllable switching power supply is proposed, capable of supplying power to multiple loads with adjustable power. The switching power supply comprises a control module, a power parameter detection module, a load parameter detection module, a power output module, and a data storage module. Under the intelligent control of the control module, the power output module can flexibly output one or more power signals to multiple different loads to meet their power supply requirements. The power parameter detection module monitors the voltage and current on the primary and secondary sides of the power output module in real time and promptly transmits this critical power parameter information to the control module, enabling the control module to accurately understand the current operating status of the power supply. The load parameter detection module is responsible for detecting the load parameters of multiple loads and transmitting this detected load parameter data to the control module, enabling the control module to understand the power consumption characteristics and requirements of each load. The data storage module stores data from each power supply operation, as well as records related to load parameters, including load data for known load types. The control module integrates data obtained from various modules, generates precise control instructions through intelligent algorithms and logical operations, and transmits them to the power output module. After receiving the command, the power output module responds quickly and adjusts the output power signal accordingly, thereby achieving power-controlled power supply to multiple loads, ensuring that each load can operate stably under its optimal power supply conditions, effectively improving the efficiency and reliability of the entire power supply system, and meeting the diverse power supply and power regulation needs of multiple loads in different application scenarios.
[0023] The present invention realizes stable and efficient power supply and dynamic power regulation for multiple loads; the control module generates precise control instructions through intelligent calculation based on the data fed back in real time by the power parameter detection module and the load parameter detection module, as well as the historical and load type data provided by the data storage module, so that the power output module can flexibly adjust the output signal to meet the requirements of different loads, significantly improving the efficiency and reliability of the power supply system and enhancing the adaptability and stability of power supply in multi-load scenarios.
[0024] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the power output module includes: a voltage stabilization protection circuit; the voltage stabilization protection circuit is used to control the output fluctuation of the power output module to not exceed a preset threshold.
[0025] Preferably, the preset thresholds include a sudden change protection voltage threshold and a sudden change protection current threshold; The voltage stabilizing protection circuit can adjust the number and connection mode of bus capacitors connected to the bus.
[0026] In this embodiment, the power output module includes a voltage stabilization protection circuit to ensure the stability and reliability of the output voltage. This voltage stabilization protection circuit is used to control the voltage and current fluctuations of the power output module, ensuring that they never exceed the sudden voltage protection threshold (e.g., 5% of the bus voltage) and the sudden current protection threshold. The voltage stabilization protection circuit operates by adjusting the number of bus capacitors connected to the bus and their connection method. Bus capacitors play a crucial role in circuits, absorbing and releasing electrical energy, thereby buffering voltage fluctuations. When the circuit detects that voltage fluctuations exceed a preset threshold, the voltage stabilization protection circuit responds quickly by increasing the number of bus capacitors connected to the bus to enhance their energy absorption and effectively reduce voltage fluctuations. If increasing the number of capacitors alone still fails to achieve the desired voltage stabilization effect, the voltage stabilization protection circuit enters a bleeder mode. In bleeder mode, the circuit intelligently controls the bus capacitors on the bus to combine or disconnect them, further optimizing their ability to suppress voltage fluctuations by changing the capacitor connection method until the fluctuations are reduced to within the preset threshold.
[0027] The voltage stabilizing protection circuit of the present invention not only ensures the stability of the power supply output, but also has important significance for protecting the connected load from damage caused by voltage fluctuations, thereby extending the service life of the equipment and improving the reliability of the entire system.
[0028] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the power parameter detection module includes: an AD conversion chip and a voltage and current acquisition chip.
[0029] Load parameters include: load current, load voltage, load type; The load parameter detection module includes an AD conversion chip, a voltage and current acquisition chip, and a load power acquisition chip.
[0030] In this embodiment, the power parameter detection module and the load parameter detection module are responsible for accurately obtaining the real-time operating parameters of the power supply and load. The power parameter detection module is composed of an AD conversion chip and a voltage and current acquisition chip. Its main responsibility is to monitor the primary side voltage and current and the secondary side voltage and current of the power output module. The specific operation is to first use the voltage and current acquisition chip to collect analog signals, and then use the AD conversion chip to convert these analog signals into digital signals so that the control module can accurately read and analyze them. The load parameter detection module includes an AD conversion chip, a voltage and current acquisition chip, and a load power acquisition chip to achieve comprehensive monitoring of the load current, load voltage, and load type. The load parameter detection module obtains the voltage across the load and the current flowing through the load through the voltage and current acquisition chip, and then calculates the actual power of the load in combination with the load power acquisition chip, and intelligently identifies the load type.
[0031] The present invention not only ensures a comprehensive understanding of the load status, but also provides rich data support for the control module, enabling it to make accurate control decisions based on the power and load parameters monitored in real time, thereby achieving dynamic adjustment of the power output and ensuring stable and efficient operation of the system.
[0032] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control module confirms the working state of the power output module based on the data obtained by the power parameter detection module and the data obtained by the load parameter detection module; Sending corresponding control instructions to the power output module based on the working status of the power output module; The control module includes: digital signal processor, level conversion chip, driver chip, power supply chip; Digital signal processor is used to process and analyze input signals in real time; The driver chip is used to amplify the signal; The power chip is used to supply power to the circuit of the control module.
[0033] In this embodiment, the control module is responsible for precisely controlling and managing the power output module. Based on data acquired by the power parameter detection module and the load parameter detection module, the control module determines the operating status of the power output module and sends corresponding control instructions to the power output module based on this status to dynamically adjust the output power. The control module consists of a digital signal processor (DSP), a level conversion chip, a driver chip, and a power chip. The DSP is the core of the control module, processing and analyzing input signals in real time, rapidly responding to system changes and making decisions. The driver chip is responsible for signal amplification, ensuring that the control signal effectively drives the power output module to adjust its output according to the control module's instructions. The level conversion chip plays a key bridging role, converting the DSP output signal into a level signal suitable for the driver chip and the power output module, ensuring signal integrity and accuracy. The power chip provides stable power to the control module's circuits, ensuring continuous and stable operation of the entire control module.
[0034] The control module of the present invention can efficiently and accurately control the power output module, ensure the stability and reliability of the entire switching power supply system in a multi-load power supply scenario, and meet the power supply requirements of different loads.
[0035] Example 2 According to one embodiment of the present invention, a power-controllable switching power supply includes: a control part and a main body part; Among them, the control part includes: control module, power parameter detection module, load parameter detection module, power output module, and data storage module; The control module is mainly used to receive data information from the power parameter detection module and the load parameter detection module. By comparing the data between the power output and the load, it confirms the current working status of the power supply and the load environment. It uses digital algorithms to monitor and analyze factors such as input voltage and load changes in real time, and controls the power output module to ensure the load balance of the power supply and ensure that the output fluctuation of the switching power supply is small. The control module mainly includes a digital signal processor (ARM), a level conversion chip, a driver chip, and a power supply chip. The digital signal processor is mainly used to process and analyze the input signal in real time; the driver chip is mainly used for signal amplification, and the power supply chip is mainly used for power supply.
[0036] The power parameter detection module mainly detects the voltage and current measured by the secondary conversion of the power output module and the voltage and current measured by the primary conversion, processes the detected data in real time, and transmits it to the control module; The power parameter detection module mainly includes a high-precision AD conversion chip and a voltage and current acquisition chip; The load parameter detection module mainly detects the usage of the load, such as the current and voltage of the load; the load parameter detection module also detects the type of load, processes the detected data, and transmits it to the control module; The load parameter detection module mainly includes a high-precision AD conversion chip, a voltage and current acquisition chip, and a load power acquisition chip; The power output module primarily integrates the output of the switching power supply and the primary bus voltage regulation protection circuit, and includes one or more switching power supplies. Based on the control module's instructions, it outputs one or more power signals to ensure power matching. It facilitates the output of different voltage types, or multiple outputs of the same voltage type, while also reducing and protecting against sudden bus voltage fluctuations, improving the power supply's safety, reliability, and applicability.
[0037] The data storage module is mainly used to store data of each power operation and load type data. It is also used to store data of known types of loads, which serves as the basis for data analysis by the control module.
[0038] The power output module and the load parameter detection module are both connected to the load; the load mainly includes a collection of various loads.
[0039] The main body mainly includes a multi-output transformer. The output of the transformer is controlled by the power output module. Each output has a separate control to ensure that the multiple outputs can be used individually or together, ensuring the balance of the load. The multiple outputs can be connected in parallel according to the control, or used individually according to the load requirements. Each output has a power device for switching on and off.
[0040] The power-controllable switching power supply of the present invention achieves precise control and rapid response of power output through the coordinated operation of various modules. The control module uses chips such as a digital signal processor to process and analyze power and load parameters in real time, accurately regulating power output and ensuring load balance and output stability. The power parameter detection module and the load parameter detection module respectively monitor the power and load status, providing data support for the control module. The power output module flexibly adjusts the output according to instructions to meet the needs of different loads. The data storage module stores operating data and provides a basis for optimizing the control strategy. The switching power supply of the present invention has high stability, adaptability, and reliability, and can effectively ensure the stable and safe power supply of multiple loads.
[0041] Example 3 Figure 2 FIG1 is a flow chart of a control method for a power-controlled switching power supply according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a method for controlling a power-controllable switching power supply adopts any power-controllable switching power supply of the present invention, and the method includes the following steps: Step S102, collecting load parameters of the target load, primary side voltage and current, and secondary side voltage and current of the power output module; Step S104: confirming the current working state of the power output module based on the collected data and the data stored in the data storage module; the working state includes: overpower working state, underpower working state and normal working state; Step S106: Control the output of the power output module based on the working status.
[0042] In this embodiment, a control method for a power-controlled switching power supply is proposed. Through precise parameter acquisition, intelligent operating status confirmation, and dynamic output control, the performance and reliability of the switching power supply are significantly improved. First, step S102 collects the load parameters of the target load and the primary and secondary voltage and current of the power output module in real time, ensuring a comprehensive understanding of the power and load status. Next, step S104 compares and analyzes the collected data with historical data stored in a data storage module and preset thresholds to accurately determine whether the power output module is currently in an overpower, underpower, or normal operating state. This process not only relies on real-time data but also fully considers historical operating conditions, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the judgment. Finally, step S106 performs targeted output control of the power output module based on the confirmed operating status. For example, when an overpower or underpower state is detected, the output power can be adjusted promptly to ensure that the power output matches the load demand, avoiding power failures caused by overvoltage, overcurrent, undervoltage, or undercurrent.
[0043] The present invention can precisely adjust the output power of a switching power supply based on load changes, effectively preventing abnormalities such as overvoltage, overcurrent, undervoltage, and undercurrent in the switching power supply, which could cause the switching power supply to malfunction. Furthermore, by introducing advanced control methods and optimizing hardware circuits, the present invention significantly improves control accuracy, enabling precise power regulation, significantly reducing output fluctuations, and lowering or even eliminating the risk of loss of control. This enhances the accuracy and stability of the switching power supply control method, expands its scope of application, effectively protects the power supply, and improves its stability.
[0044] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S106, in the overpower working state, the output control of the power output module includes: Step 1: Based on the primary side voltage and current and the secondary side voltage and current of the power output module, determine whether there is a voltage mutation or current mutation on the primary side; if so, execute step 6; otherwise, execute step 2; The voltage mutation judgment standard is: the real-time voltage exceeds the mutation protection voltage threshold; the current mutation judgment standard is: the real-time current exceeds the mutation protection current threshold. The mutation protection voltage threshold and the mutation protection current threshold are set according to actual needs and can be specific values or dynamically set according to operating conditions. Step 2: Determine whether the power output module is in a multi-channel output state for the target load; if so, execute step 3; otherwise, execute step 5; Step 3: Each time one output is reduced, determine whether the output of the power output module is in an overpower working state; if so, execute step 4; otherwise, enter the normal working state; Step 4: When the number of outputs is reduced to only one to supply power to the target load, determine whether the output of the power output module is in an overpower working state; if so, execute step 5; otherwise, enter the normal working state; Step 5: gradually reduce the PWM duty cycle of the target load output until the output of the power output module enters a normal working state; Step 6: Repeat the acquisition of the primary side voltage and current and the secondary side voltage and current of the power output module for a preset number of times to determine whether there is a voltage or current mutation on the primary side; if so, proceed to step 7; otherwise, enter the normal working state; Step seven, start the voltage stabilizing protection circuit.
[0045] In this embodiment, in the over-power working state, a multi-step control strategy is adopted for the output control of the power output module to ensure the stability and reliability of the power supply. First, the presence of a mutation is determined by judging whether the primary voltage and current exceed the mutation protection voltage threshold. The mutation protection voltage threshold can be set to a fixed value or dynamically adjusted according to actual needs. If there is a mutation, the voltage stabilization protection circuit is directly started; otherwise, it is further judged whether the power output module is in a multi-channel output state. In the multi-channel output state, the number of output channels is gradually reduced and continuous monitoring is performed to see whether it is still in an over-power state until only one output is left and the judgment is made again. If there is still an over-power phenomenon, the output power is reduced by gradually reducing the PWM duty cycle until the normal working state is restored. In addition, if the mutation phenomenon persists, the system will repeatedly collect data for verification, and if it is confirmed that the mutation persists, the voltage stabilization protection circuit is started.
[0046] The present invention can effectively prevent power supply damage caused by overpower, improve the stability and adaptability of the power supply, expand its application range, and at the same time ensure the reliable operation of the switching power supply under various working conditions through precise control logic and protection mechanism.
[0047] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S106, in the under-power working state, the output control of the power output module includes: Step 1: Based on the primary side voltage and current and the secondary side voltage and current of the power output module, determine whether the power output module is overloaded; if so, based on the load parameters and the load model information stored in the data storage module, determine whether the target load exceeds the maximum load capacity of the switching power supply; if so, issue an alarm; otherwise, execute step 2; Step 2: gradually increase the PWM duty cycle of the target load output until it reaches the maximum; each time the adjustment is made, synchronously detect whether the real-time output to the target load is balanced with the target load; if so, enter the normal working state; otherwise, execute step 3; Step 3: Reduce the PWM duty cycle output to the target load to the default PWM duty cycle, and increase the number of output channels to the target load until the maximum number of channels is reached; each time the adjustment is made, synchronously detect whether the real-time output to the target load is balanced with the target load; if so, enter the normal working state; otherwise, execute step 4; Step 4: When the maximum number of output channels still cannot meet the target load requirements, the PWM duty cycle of each output channel is gradually increased while ensuring that the PWM duty cycle of each channel for the target load is consistent until it enters the normal working state.
[0048] In this embodiment, in the under-power working state, a step-by-step adjustment strategy is adopted for the output control of the power output module. First, it is determined whether the power output module is overloaded. If the load is too large and exceeds the maximum load capacity of the power supply, an alarm is issued; otherwise, the PWM duty cycle is gradually increased, and at the same time, whether the output and the load are balanced is detected. If they are balanced, the system enters the normal state, otherwise the adjustment continues. If the duty cycle reaches the maximum and is still unbalanced, the duty cycle is reduced to the default value and the number of output channels is increased. The balance is detected again. If it is balanced, the system operates normally, otherwise the adjustment continues. This multi-stage adjustment mechanism ensures the precise matching of the power output and the load demand, effectively prevents under-power phenomenon, and improves the stability and reliability of the power supply.
[0049] The present invention can accurately match power output with load requirements, effectively prevent underpower phenomena, and improve power supply stability and reliability.
[0050] According to one embodiment of the present invention, in step S106, under normal working conditions, the output control of the power output module includes: Obtaining the primary side voltage and current and the secondary side voltage and current of the power output module, and storing the obtained data in the data storage module; Determine whether there is a voltage or current mutation on the primary side; if so, start the voltage stabilization protection circuit; otherwise, work normally.
[0051] In this embodiment, under normal working conditions, the control strategy of the power output module focuses on maintaining the stability and safety of the output. Specifically, the voltage and current data of the primary and secondary sides of the power output module are continuously monitored and acquired. These real-time data are not only used to instantly judge the power status, but are also stored in the data storage module to provide a basis for subsequent trend analysis and historical data comparison. The set mutation protection threshold is used to determine whether there is an abnormal mutation of voltage or current on the primary side. These thresholds can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual application scenario and power supply design requirements, ensuring the adaptability and wide applicability of the control strategy. Once a mutation is detected, the voltage stabilization protection circuit is immediately started. By adjusting the number of busbar capacitors connected or changing the connection method, the voltage fluctuation is quickly suppressed to prevent abnormal conditions from causing damage to the load equipment, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of the entire power supply system.
[0052] The present invention effectively ensures the stable output of the switching power supply and improves the reliability and safety of the system.
[0053] Example 4 Figure 3 This is a flow chart of a control method for a power-controllable switching power supply according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a flow chart of a method for controlling an overpower working state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flow chart of a method for controlling an underpower working state according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a flow chart of a normal working state control method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3-6 As shown, according to one embodiment of the present invention, a method for controlling a power-controllable switching power supply includes the following steps: Step S201, confirming the working status of the power output module; specifically including: Step S2011, the switching power supply starts to work and outputs; Step S2012: The load parameter detection module obtains various status information of the load, and the power parameter detection module obtains status information of the power output module; In step S2013, the control module compares the status information obtained by the load parameter detection module and the power parameter detection module, and at the same time calls the load information in the storage module for matching, confirming the current working status of the power output module, and dividing it into overpower working state, underpower working state and normal working state according to the output power.
[0054] Step S202: When the power output module is in an overpower working state, perform the following steps: Step S2021: Detect the voltage and current on the primary and secondary sides of the power output module to determine the cause of the overpower. If a voltage or current jump occurs on the primary side, it is considered to be caused by a bus mutation, and the process proceeds to step S2026. Otherwise, it is considered to be caused by the output of the power output module, and the process proceeds to step S2022. Step S2022, determining whether the power output module is currently in multi-channel output power supply, that is, multiple outputs are supplying power to one load; if yes, proceeding to step S2023; if not, proceeding to step S2025; Step S2023: Each time one power supply is reduced, the output of the power output module is collected to check whether it is in an overpower state; if so, proceed to step S2024; otherwise, enter the normal working mode; Step S2024: When only one output is supplying power to the load, check whether the output module is in an overpower state; if it is still in an overpower state, proceed to step S2025; otherwise, enter normal working mode; Step S2025, reducing the PWM duty cycle of this path and reducing the output current until entering the normal operating mode; Step S2026: collect data multiple times to confirm whether the voltage and current on the bus side have always experienced sudden changes; if so, proceed to step S2027; otherwise, enter the normal working mode; Among them, when the voltage on the bus side exceeds the sudden change protection voltage threshold, it is considered that the voltage on the bus side has a sudden change; when the current on the bus side exceeds the sudden change protection voltage threshold, it is considered that the current on the bus side has a sudden change; Sudden change protection voltage threshold The calculation formula is: in, is the value of the mutation protection voltage; is the protection factor, which is greater than 0 and less than 0.5; is the power value of the mutation; is the sudden change in current value; is the set value of power; is the set value of current; is the resistance of the transformer; is the inductance of the transformer; Mutation protection current threshold The calculation formula is: in, is the value of the mutation protection current; is the protection factor; is the power value of the mutation; is the sudden change in current value; is the set value of power; is the set value of the current, which is greater than 0 and less than 0.5; is the resistance of the transformer; L is the inductance of the transformer; is the current angular frequency on the bus side; is the current period on the bus side; Step S2027, starting the voltage stabilization protection circuit; First, the control module controls the increase of the number of bus capacitors connected to the bus in the power output module to enhance the absorption effect and reduce fluctuations; If the effect is not obvious, the control enters the release mode; Until the fluctuation is reduced to within a preset threshold range, such as 5% of the bus voltage value.
[0055] Among them, the busbar capacitors can be added in number according to the need for voltage mutation when overpower occurs, and can be put into use in series and parallel through the main control module. The number of busbar capacitors connected to the busbar is calculated by the following method: Calculate the total capacitance of the busbar connected to the busbar , through the following formula: in, is the current frequency on the bus side; Divide the total capacitance of the bus capacitor by the capacitance of each bus capacitor to get the number of bus capacitors incorporated into the system; Since capacitance changes with temperature, the number of busbar capacitors added needs to be 20% greater than the above calculated value; at the same time, switch the capacitors according to time to ensure that the capacitors work at a certain temperature. In order to better change the mutation, the capacitors can be appropriately connected in series. When connecting the capacitors in series, the capacitance of the parallel capacitors must be guaranteed.
[0056] The discharge mode means that the main control module can autonomously control the bus capacitors on the bus to merge or disconnect, and switch the number of capacitors based on the power being equal to the square of the current multiplied by the resistance value.
[0057] Step S203: When the power output module is in an underpower working state, perform the following steps: Step S2031: Detect the voltage and current of the primary and secondary sides of the power output module; determine whether the underpower condition is caused by excessive load; if so, the control module calls the load model information stored in the data storage module for comparison and matching; otherwise, determine whether the maximum capacity of the power supply is exceeded; if so, an alarm is issued, indicating that the power supply is not suitable for this load application; otherwise, proceed to step S2032; Step S2032: Increase the duty cycle of the power output module to the maximum; at the same time, check whether the current load and output capacity are balanced; if so, enter the normal working state; if not, enter step S2033; Step S2033: Reduce the duty cycle of the power supply in step S2032 and increase the number of power output channels until the maximum number is reached. At the same time, check whether the current load and output capacity are balanced. If so, enter normal working state; if not, enter step S2034. Step S2034: When the maximum number of power supply circuits is reached but the load is still not satisfied, the duty cycle of each circuit is increased to ensure that the duty cycle of each circuit is consistent until the normal working state is achieved. Step S204: When the power supply is in normal working state, perform the following steps: Step S2041, detecting the voltage and current of the primary and secondary sides of the power output module; Step S2042, storing the data into a data storage module for subsequent data comparison; Step S2043, detecting whether there is a sudden change in the voltage or current of the busbar; if so, starting the voltage stabilization protection circuit; otherwise, operating normally.
[0058] In this embodiment, the working status of the power output module is confirmed, including three states: underpower working state, overpower working state and normal working state. All operations are self-regulated by the switching power supply. According to the data parameters of the data storage module and the real-time operating status, the output is intelligently adjusted in real time, saving labor costs and increasing reliability.
[0059] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and an illustration of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention herein is not limited to the technical solutions formed by the specific combination of the above-mentioned technical features, but also encompasses other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above-mentioned technical features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, a technical solution formed by replacing the above-mentioned features with (but not limited to) technical features having similar functions disclosed in this application.
[0060] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of each step in the content of the invention and the embodiments of the present invention does not absolutely mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims
1. A power-controllable switching power supply, characterized in that: include: Control module, power parameter detection module, load parameter detection module, power output module, data storage module; The power output module outputs one or more power signals to the load under the control of the control module; The power parameter detection module is used to send the detected primary side voltage and current and secondary side voltage and current of the power output module to the control module; The load parameter detection module is used to send the detected load parameters to the control module; The data storage module is used to store the data of each power supply operation and the load parameters and load data corresponding to the known load type; The control module is used to generate a control instruction and send it to the power output module based on the data obtained from the data storage module, the data obtained from the power parameter detection module, and the data obtained from the load parameter detection module.
2. The power-controllable switching power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power output module includes: a voltage stabilization protection circuit; the voltage stabilization protection circuit is used to control the output fluctuation of the power output module to not exceed a preset threshold.
3. The power-controllable switching power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preset thresholds include a sudden change protection voltage threshold and a sudden change protection current threshold; The voltage stabilizing protection circuit can adjust the number and connection mode of bus capacitors connected to the bus.
4. The power-controllable switching power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply parameter detection module includes: an AD conversion chip and a voltage and current acquisition chip.
5. The power-controllable switching power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load parameters include: load current, load voltage, and load type; The load parameter detection module includes an AD conversion chip, a voltage and current acquisition chip, and a load power acquisition chip.
6. The power-controllable switching power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module confirms the working status of the power output module based on the data obtained by the power parameter detection module and the data obtained by the load parameter detection module; Sending corresponding control instructions to the power output module based on the working status of the power output module; The control module includes: a digital signal processor, a level conversion chip, a driver chip, and a power supply chip; The digital signal processor is used to process and analyze the input signal in real time; The driver chip is used to amplify the signal; The power chip is used to supply power to the circuit of the control module.
7. A method for controlling a power-controllable switching power supply, using the power-controllable switching power supply according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Collect the load parameters of the target load, the primary voltage and current of the power output module, and the secondary voltage and current; Based on the collected data and the data stored in the data storage module, confirm the current working state of the power output module; the working state includes: overpower working state, underpower working state and normal working state; Based on the working status, the output of the power output module is controlled.
8. The control method of a power-controllable switching power supply according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the overpower working state, the output control of the power output module includes: Step 1: Based on the primary side voltage and current and the secondary side voltage and current of the power output module, determine whether there is a voltage mutation or current mutation on the primary side; if so, execute step 6; otherwise, execute step 2; Step 2: Determine whether the power output module is in a multi-channel output state for the target load; if so, execute step 3; otherwise, execute step 5; Step 3: Each time one output is reduced, determine whether the output of the power output module is in an overpower working state; if so, execute step 4; otherwise, enter the normal working state; Step 4: When the number of outputs is reduced to only one to supply power to the target load, determine whether the output of the power output module is in an overpower working state; if so, execute step 5; otherwise, enter a normal working state; Step 5: gradually reducing the PWM duty cycle output to the target load until the output of the power output module enters a normal working state; Step 6: Repeat the acquisition of the primary side voltage and current and the secondary side voltage and current of the power output module for a preset number of times to determine whether there is a voltage or current mutation on the primary side; if so, proceed to step 7; otherwise, enter the normal working state; Step seven, start the voltage stabilizing protection circuit.
9. The control method of a power-controllable switching power supply according to claim 7, characterized in that: In the underpower working state, the output control of the power output module includes: Step 1: Based on the primary side voltage and current and the secondary side voltage and current of the power output module, determine whether the power output module is overloaded; if so, based on the load parameters and the load model information stored in the data storage module, determine whether the target load exceeds the maximum load capacity of the switching power supply; if so, issue an alarm; otherwise, execute step 2; Step 2: gradually increase the PWM duty cycle output to the target load until it reaches a maximum; each time the adjustment is made, synchronously detect whether the real-time output to the target load is balanced with the target load; if so, enter the normal working state; otherwise, execute step 3; Step 3: Reduce the PWM duty cycle output to the target load to the default PWM duty cycle, and increase the number of output channels to the target load until the maximum number of channels is reached; each time the adjustment is made, synchronous detection is performed to determine whether the real-time output to the target load is balanced with the target load; if so, enter normal working state; otherwise, execute step 4; Step 4: When the maximum number of output channels still does not meet the target load requirement, the PWM duty cycle of each output channel is gradually increased while ensuring that the PWM duty cycle of each channel for the target load is consistent until the normal working state is reached.
10. The control method of a power-controllable switching power supply according to claim 7, characterized in that: Under normal working conditions, the output control of the power output module includes: Obtaining the primary side voltage and current and the secondary side voltage and current of the power output module, and storing the obtained data in the data storage module; Determine whether there is a voltage or current mutation on the primary side; if so, start the voltage stabilization protection circuit; otherwise, work normally.