Circuit breaker heating device and circuit breaker heating method

Abstract

The invention discloses a circuit breaker heating device and a circuit breaker heating method. The circuit breaker heating device comprises a microwave generation module, a monitoring module and a control module, the monitoring module is used for monitoring the air chamber pressure and the environment temperature of the circuit breaker and outputting first pressure data and first temperature data; the control module is connected with the monitoring module and the microwave generation module, and when the first temperature data is smaller than or equal to a first temperature threshold value and the first pressure data is reduced, the control module is used for controlling the microwave generation module to start according to the first pressure data and the first temperature data, so that the microwave generation module heats the circuit breaker. The circuit breaker heating device provided by the invention can completely heat the gas chamber of the circuit breaker.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electrical control, and in particular to a circuit breaker heating device and a circuit breaker heating method. Background Art

[0002] To improve insulation, high-voltage circuit breakers are filled with sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas. However, SF6 gas liquefies at low temperatures, reducing circuit breaker performance. Therefore, in winter, as temperatures fall below the liquefaction point of SF6 gas, some of the SF6 gas inside high-voltage circuit breakers converts to liquid, reducing the gas pressure inside the breaker and causing it to lock, making it impossible to open or close the circuit breaker when needed.

[0003] Existing open-post circuit breakers are typically I-shaped or T-shaped. T-shaped circuit breakers, in particular, have larger air chambers, with the end of the chamber located farther from the low-voltage side of the circuit breaker. Traditionally, active heating on the low-voltage side has made it difficult to conduct heat to the end of the chamber, making it difficult to fully heat the air chamber of T-shaped circuit breakers using this method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a circuit breaker heating device and a circuit breaker heating method, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that it is difficult to heat the entire circuit breaker gas chamber using an active heating method.

[0005] According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a circuit breaker heating device, comprising: a microwave generating module, a monitoring module and a control module;

[0006] The monitoring module is used to monitor the air chamber pressure and ambient temperature of the circuit breaker and output first pressure data and first temperature data;

[0007] The control module is connected to the monitoring module and the microwave generating module. When the first temperature data is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold and the first pressure data decreases, the control module is used to control the microwave generating module to start according to the first pressure data and the first temperature data, so that the microwave generating module heats the circuit breaker.

[0008] Optionally, the monitoring module includes a density monitor and an ambient temperature monitor, wherein the density monitor is arranged inside the air chamber of the circuit breaker, and the density monitor is used to monitor the air chamber pressure and output the first pressure data; the ambient temperature monitor is arranged on the outer surface of the circuit breaker, and the ambient temperature monitor is used to monitor the ambient temperature and output the first temperature data.

[0009] Optionally, the microwave generating module includes a microwave generator and a waveguide component, the microwave generator is connected to the waveguide component, the microwave generator is used to generate microwaves, and the waveguide component is used to guide the microwaves generated by the microwave generator to the bottom of the air chamber of the circuit breaker.

[0010] Optionally, the control module includes a controller, a voltage regulator and a power supply. The controller is connected to the monitoring module, the microwave generator and the voltage regulator. The power supply is connected to the voltage regulator. The controller is used to control the start-up of the microwave generator and the operation of the voltage regulator according to the first pressure data and the first temperature data. The power supply is used to output a first voltage signal. The voltage regulator is used to adjust the first voltage signal and output a second voltage signal. The controller is also used to provide electrical energy to the microwave generator according to the second voltage signal.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present invention, a circuit breaker heating method is provided, the method comprising:

[0012] Acquiring first pressure data and first temperature data;

[0013] When the first temperature data is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold and the first pressure data decreases, the microwave generator is started.

[0014] Optionally, after obtaining the first pressure data and the first temperature data, the method further includes:

[0015] comparing the first pressure data with a locking pressure value;

[0016] When the first pressure data is less than or equal to the locking pressure value, the microwave generating module is started.

[0017] Optionally, the circuit breaker includes a three-phase gas chamber, and obtaining the first pressure data includes:

[0018] The first pressure data of the first-phase air chamber, the first pressure data of the second-phase air chamber, and the first pressure data of the third-phase air chamber are acquired.

[0019] Optionally, after acquiring the first pressure data of the first-phase air chamber, the first pressure data of the second-phase air chamber, and the first pressure data of the third-phase air chamber, the method further includes:

[0020] comparing the first pressure data of one phase air chamber in the three-phase air chamber with the average value of the first pressure data of the other two phase air chambers;

[0021] When the first pressure data of one phase air chamber is greater than or equal to the average value of the first pressure data of the other two phase air chambers, comparing the first temperature data with the first temperature threshold;

[0022] When the first temperature data is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold, the microwave generating module is started.

[0023] Optionally, after obtaining the first pressure data and the first temperature data, the method further includes:

[0024] Obtain liquid level height data in the circuit breaker gas chamber;

[0025] When the first pressure data is less than a first preset pressure value, the first temperature data is less than a first preset temperature value, and the liquid level is greater than a first preset liquid level value, the microwave generating module is started.

[0026] Optionally, starting the microwave generating module includes:

[0027] When the difference between the first pressure data and the first preset pressure value satisfies a first set condition, starting the microwave generating module according to a first set power value;

[0028] When the difference between the first pressure data and the first pressure preset value meets a second set condition, starting the microwave generating module according to a second set power value;

[0029] When the difference between the first pressure data and the first pressure preset value meets a third setting condition, the microwave generating module is started according to a third set power value.

[0030] The technical solution of an embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit breaker heating device comprising: a microwave generating module, a monitoring module, and a control module. The monitoring module is configured to monitor the pressure and ambient temperature of the circuit breaker's gas chamber and output first pressure data and first temperature data. The control module is connected to the monitoring module and the microwave generating module. When the first temperature data is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold and the first pressure data decreases, the control module is configured to control the microwave generating module to activate based on the first pressure data and the first temperature data, so that the microwave generating module heats the circuit breaker. The circuit breaker heating device provided by the present invention monitors the pressure and ambient temperature of the circuit breaker's gas chamber. When the first temperature data is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the first pressure data decreases, it can be determined that the gas inside the circuit breaker's gas chamber has liquefied due to a decrease in temperature, causing the gas chamber pressure to drop. In this case, the control module controls the microwave generating module to activate and heat the circuit breaker. Due to the highly directional and linear propagation characteristics of microwave heating, the entire circuit breaker's gas chamber can be heated. This solves the problem that active heating methods in the prior art have difficulty in fully heating the circuit breaker's gas chamber.

[0031] It should be understood that the content described in this section is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become readily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0033] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an open column circuit breaker in a related technical solution;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a circuit breaker heating device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 1 is a schematic structural diagram of another circuit breaker heating device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 This is a working principle diagram of a circuit breaker heating device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a circuit breaker heating device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of a circuit breaker heating method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 7 is a flow chart of another circuit breaker heating method provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 8 This is a flow chart of another circuit breaker heating method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0043] To address the issue of sulfur hexafluoride gas liquefying at low temperatures within circuit breakers, the industry currently primarily uses heating devices to raise the temperature of the gas chamber within high-voltage circuit breakers, thereby resolving the issue. High-voltage circuit breakers vary in appearance depending on their voltage level, and the use of heating devices cannot address the issue of sulfur hexafluoride liquefaction at low temperatures for all voltage levels. For example, high-voltage circuit breakers, such as column-type breakers, can be classified into two types: "I" and "T." Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an open column circuit breaker in a related technical solution, such as Figure 1 As shown, the left side is an "I"-shaped circuit breaker, and the right side is a "T-shaped circuit breaker". The "I"-shaped circuit breaker includes an arc extinguishing chamber, insulating supports and a base frame. The arc extinguishing chamber is a gas chamber, and sulfur hexafluoride gas is stored inside the gas chamber. The gas chamber belongs to the high-voltage side, the base frame belongs to the low-voltage side, and the low-voltage side is grounded. The "T"-shaped circuit breaker includes an arc extinguishing chamber, insulating supports, a base frame and a casing. The arc extinguishing chamber is a gas chamber, and sulfur hexafluoride gas is stored inside the gas chamber. The gas chamber belongs to the high-voltage side, the base frame belongs to the low-voltage side, and the low-voltage side is grounded. Compared with the "I"-shaped circuit breaker, the "T"-shaped circuit breaker has a larger gas chamber, and the end of the gas chamber is farther away from the low-voltage side of the circuit breaker product. Since traditional heating devices use low-voltage power supply, generally AC 220V, they can only be installed on the low-voltage side of high-voltage circuit breaker products. Traditional heating methods transfer heat from the outside to the material based on the principles of heat conduction, convection, and radiation. Heat always heats the material from the outside in, inevitably creating temperature gradients within the material. This results in uneven heating and localized overheating. For T-shaped circuit breakers, when the arc extinguishing chamber of a high-voltage circuit breaker is far from the heating device, the heat generated by the heater cannot be effectively transferred to the arc extinguishing chamber. This makes it difficult to fully heat the chamber using the traditional method of deploying active heating on the low-voltage side.

[0044] An embodiment of the present invention provides a circuit breaker heating device, Figure 2Schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit breaker heating device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the circuit breaker heating device 100 includes a microwave generating module 110, a monitoring module 120 and a control module 130; the monitoring module 120 is used to monitor the gas chamber pressure and ambient temperature of the circuit breaker and output first pressure data and first temperature data; the control module 130 is connected to the monitoring module 120 and the microwave generating module 110. When the first temperature data is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the first pressure data decreases, the control module 130 is used to control the microwave generating module 110 to start according to the first pressure data and the first temperature data, so that the microwave generating module 110 heats the circuit breaker.

[0045] In an embodiment of the present invention, the circuit breaker heating device 100 is a device for heating the insulating gas within the circuit breaker's gas chamber to prevent the insulating gas within the circuit breaker from liquefying and ensure the normal operation of the circuit breaker in a low-temperature environment. The microwave generating module 110 is a module for generating microwave signals. For example, the microwave generating module 110 includes a microwave generator, etc. The monitoring module 120 is a module for monitoring the pressure within the circuit breaker's gas chamber and the ambient temperature outside the circuit breaker. For example, the monitoring module 120 includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor, etc. The control module 130 is a module for storing and performing other processing on the first pressure data and first temperature data output by the monitoring module 120, and outputting a control signal.

[0046] In an embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring module 120 monitors the pressure inside the circuit breaker chamber and the ambient temperature of the circuit breaker in real time, and outputs first pressure data and first temperature data. The control module 130 determines whether the first temperature data is less than a first temperature threshold. When the first temperature data is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, the control module 130 determines whether the first pressure data has decreased, where the first temperature threshold is the liquefaction threshold of the insulating gas. If the first pressure data has decreased, it can be determined that the decrease in the circuit breaker chamber pressure is due to the insulating gas liquefying due to the temperature falling below the liquefaction threshold. At this point, the control module 130 activates the microwave generator module 110, which then heats the circuit breaker.

[0047] This embodiment provides a circuit breaker heating device comprising a microwave generator module, a monitoring module, and a control module. The monitoring module is configured to monitor the pressure and ambient temperature of the circuit breaker's gas chamber and output first pressure and temperature data. The control module is connected to the monitoring module and the microwave generator module. When the first temperature data is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold and the first pressure data decreases, the control module is configured to activate the microwave generator module based on the first pressure and temperature data, thereby causing the microwave generator module to heat the circuit breaker. The circuit breaker heating device of this embodiment monitors the pressure and ambient temperature within the circuit breaker's gas chamber. When the first temperature data is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the first pressure data decreases, it can be determined that the gas within the circuit breaker's gas chamber has liquefied due to a decrease in temperature, resulting in a decrease in gas chamber pressure. In this case, the control module activates the microwave generator module to heat the circuit breaker. Due to the highly directional and linear propagation characteristics of microwave heating, the entire circuit breaker's gas chamber can be heated. This solves the problem of existing active heating methods that make it difficult to fully heat the circuit breaker's gas chamber.

[0048] Figure 3 is a structural diagram of another circuit breaker heating device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a working principle diagram of a circuit breaker heating device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The microwave generating module 110 includes a microwave generator 111 and a waveguide assembly 112. The microwave generator 111 is connected to the waveguide assembly 112. The microwave generator 111 is used to generate microwaves, and the waveguide assembly 112 is used to guide the microwaves generated by the microwave generator 111 to the bottom of the air chamber of the circuit breaker.

[0049] In the embodiment of the present invention, microwave generator 111 is a device capable of generating microwave energy. Its main components include an electron emission section, a resonant cavity, a magnetic field generating device, and an output coupling component. Waveguide assembly 112 is a device used to guide the propagation of electromagnetic waves. Waveguides are generally hollow tubular structures made of metal. Waveguides have the functions of confining and directional microwave transmission, reducing microwave energy loss, and providing isolation and protection. Based on the above embodiment, after microwave generating module 110 is activated according to the control signal output by control module 130, microwave generator 111 generates microwaves. Waveguide assembly 112 guides the microwaves generated by microwave generator 111 to the bottom of the circuit breaker's gas chamber, enabling directional transmission to the bottom of the chamber. Due to gravity, the sulfur hexafluoride liquid converges on the lower side of the chamber, effectively heating the sulfur hexafluoride liquid within the circuit breaker's chamber. In addition, since the porcelain sleeve of the gas chamber has little loss to microwaves, most of the microwaves can directly act on the sulfur hexafluoride liquid, causing its temperature to rise and quickly convert into sulfur hexafluoride gas, thereby increasing the sulfur hexafluoride gas pressure in the arc extinguishing chamber and achieving the purpose of long-distance heating.

[0050] Continue to refer Figure 3 and Figure 4 The control module 130 includes a controller 131, a voltage regulator 132 and a power supply 133. The controller 131 is connected to the monitoring module 120, the microwave generator 111 and the voltage regulator 132. The power supply 133 is connected to the voltage regulator 132. The controller 131 is used to control the start-up of the microwave generator according to the first pressure data and the first temperature data, and to control the operation of the voltage regulator 132. The power supply 133 is used to output a first voltage signal. The voltage regulator 132 is used to adjust the first voltage signal and output a second voltage signal. The controller 131 is also used to provide power to the microwave generator 111 according to the second voltage signal.

[0051] In this embodiment of the present invention, controller 131 is a device that stores, calculates, and processes the first pressure and temperature data output by monitoring module 120 according to predetermined rules, logic, or algorithms. Controller 131 is responsible for integrating monitoring data, analyzing gas chamber conditions, and dynamically adjusting the microwave heating process to ensure that the T-shaped open-type post circuit breaker maintains a stable gas pressure in a low-temperature environment. Voltage regulator 132 is a component that regulates the voltage output by power supply 133. Based on the above embodiment, controller 131 activates or deactivates the microwave generator based on the first pressure and temperature data. Power supply 133 outputs a first voltage signal. Voltage regulator 132 adjusts the first voltage signal output by power supply 133 based on a control signal output by controller 131 and outputs a second voltage signal. Controller 131 receives the second voltage signal output by voltage regulator 132 and supplies power to microwave generator 111 based on the second voltage signal. Different voltage signals output by the voltage regulator result in different output powers of microwave generator 111.

[0052] Continue to refer Figure 3 and Figure 4 The monitoring module 120 includes a density monitor 121 and an ambient temperature monitor 122. The density monitor is arranged inside the gas chamber of the circuit breaker, and the density monitor is used to monitor the gas chamber pressure and output first pressure data; the ambient temperature monitor is arranged on the outer surface of the circuit breaker, and the ambient temperature monitor is used to monitor the ambient temperature of the external atmosphere and output first temperature data.

[0053] In an embodiment of the present invention, the density monitor in the monitoring module 120 monitors the pressure in the gas chamber of the circuit breaker and outputs first pressure data. The ambient temperature monitor in the monitoring module 120 monitors the ambient temperature and outputs first temperature data. The controller 131 outputs a control signal based on the first pressure data and the first temperature data. The microwave generator 111 is turned on or off based on the control signal, the voltage regulator 132 outputs a second voltage signal based on the control signal, and the controller 131 supplies power to the microwave generator based on the second voltage signal. When the voltage signal output by the voltage regulator is different, the output power of the microwave generator 111 is different. For example, the voltage regulator is connected to the controller, and the controller can monitor the difference between the first pressure data and the rated pressure value and output a control signal. The voltage regulator adjusts the voltage signal output by the power supply based on the control signal to adjust the output power of the microwave generator. That is, when the difference between the first pressure data and the rated pressure value is different, the output power of the microwave generator is different, thereby improving the operating efficiency of the microwave generator.

[0054] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the installation of the circuit breaker heating device provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 As shown, the circuit breaker heating device is installed in the circuit breaker chassis 1, with the outlet of the waveguide assembly 112 located outside the circuit breaker and facing the bottom of the gas chamber 2. The housing 3 is a three-way structure, connecting the left and right gas chambers 2. The outer shells of the pillars 4 and the gas chamber 2 are both made of porcelain. The monitoring module 120 is connected to the internal gas chamber of the pillars 4 and can monitor the gas pressure within the pillars 4 and the gas chamber 2. When the ambient temperature of the entire structure drops to the liquefaction temperature of the gas within the pillars 4 and the gas chamber 2, the gas within the pillars 4 and the gas chamber 2 begins to liquefy. The resulting liquid in the gas chamber 2 gathers at the bottom of the gas chamber due to gravity. When the gas pressure within the pillars 4 and the gas chamber 2 drops to the locking pressure, the density monitor 121 outputs first pressure data, and the ambient temperature monitor 122 outputs first temperature data. After receiving the first pressure and temperature data, the controller activates the power supply and voltage regulator, thereby activating the microwave generator, which generates microwaves. The waveguide adjusts the direction of the microwaves emitted by the microwave generator and sends them to the lower surface of the arc extinguishing chamber. Since the outer shell is made of porcelain, the microwaves can pass through the porcelain material and directly act on the sulfur hexafluoride liquid in the arc extinguishing chamber, vaporizing the liquid and ultimately restoring the pressure in the chamber.

[0055] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a circuit breaker heating method, Figure 6 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a circuit breaker heating method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 As shown, the method includes:

[0056] S10: Acquire first pressure data and first temperature data.

[0057] S20: When the first temperature data is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold and the first pressure data decreases, start the microwave generator.

[0058] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first pressure data is the pressure in the circuit breaker chamber, and the first temperature data is the ambient temperature. By monitoring the pressure and ambient temperature in the circuit breaker chamber, when the first temperature data is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold, and the first pressure data decreases, it can be determined that the gas inside the circuit breaker chamber is liquefied due to the temperature drop, causing the chamber pressure to drop. At this time, the microwave generating module is started to heat the circuit breaker. Because microwave heating technology is different from traditional heating methods, the high-frequency reciprocating motion of the dipole molecules inside the heated body generates "internal friction heat" to increase the temperature of the heated material. Without any heat conduction process, the material can be heated and heated simultaneously inside and outside, with a fast and uniform heating speed, and only a fraction or a few tenths of the energy consumption of traditional heating methods is required to achieve the heating purpose.

[0059] Based on the above embodiments, Figure 7 FIG. 1 is a flow chart of another circuit breaker heating method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7 As shown, after obtaining the first pressure data and the first temperature data, the method further includes: comparing the first pressure data X with the locking pressure value N; when the first pressure data X is less than or equal to the locking pressure value N, starting the microwave generating module.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present invention, the locking pressure value refers to the pressure that causes the circuit breaker to lock. The locking of the circuit breaker will make it impossible to perform opening and closing operations on the circuit breaker. Before comparing the first pressure data X with the locking pressure value N, it is also necessary to compare the pressure data X with the maximum value A and the minimum value B of the pressure data of the previous 24 hours. If A≥X≥B, compare the first pressure data X with the locking pressure value N. By comparing the first pressure data and the locking pressure value, when the first pressure data is greater than the locking pressure value, the microwave generating module is not started. When the first pressure data is less than or equal to the locking pressure value, the microwave generating module is started. Avoid the circuit breaker being locked and causing the circuit breaker to be unable to open and close.

[0061] Continue to refer Figure 7 The circuit breaker includes a three-phase gas chamber, and obtaining the first pressure data includes: obtaining the first pressure data of the first-phase gas chamber, the first pressure data of the second-phase gas chamber, and the first pressure data of the third-phase gas chamber.

[0062] In this embodiment of the present invention, the high-voltage circuit breaker's gas chamber is a three-phase chamber, housed within a single housing. Separately acquiring first pressure data for the first, second, and third phases is crucial for fault detection and system stability assessment.

[0063] Continue to refer Figure 7 After obtaining the first pressure data of the first-phase air chamber, the first pressure data of the second-phase air chamber, and the first pressure data of the third-phase air chamber, the method further includes: comparing the first pressure data X of one-phase air chamber in the three-phase air chamber with the average value W of the first pressure data of the other two-phase air chambers; when the first pressure data X of one-phase air chamber is greater than or equal to the average value W of the first pressure data of the other two-phase air chambers, comparing the first temperature data with the first temperature threshold; when the first temperature data Y is less than or equal to the first temperature threshold Z, starting the microwave generating module.

[0064] In this embodiment of the present invention, if the three-phase gas chambers are in a stable operating state, the pressures within each phase should be approximately the same or within a reasonably similar range. If a phase gas chamber experiences a leak, such as due to aging or damage of a sealing component or a small crack in the gas chamber housing, causing slow gas leakage, the pressure of that phase gas chamber will gradually deviate from the average pressure of the other two phase gas chambers. Through continuous comparative monitoring, when the first pressure data X of one phase gas chamber is less than the average value W of the first pressure data of the other two phase gas chambers, and the first pressure data X of that phase gas chamber is less than or equal to the locking pressure, it can be determined that the pressure drop is due to gas leakage. Based on the above embodiment, when the first pressure data X of one phase gas chamber is greater than or equal to the average value W of the first pressure data of the other two phase gas chambers, the first temperature data Y is compared with the first temperature threshold Z. When the first temperature data exceeds the first temperature threshold Z, it can be determined that the pressure drop is due to gas leakage. When the pressure drop is due to gas leakage, an early warning can be issued to allow operation and maintenance personnel to take appropriate measures. Operations such as seal repair and gas replenishment can be performed to prevent faults such as insulation performance degradation and arc extinguishing capability weakened due to excessive gas leakage, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the circuit breaker.

[0065] Figure 8 This is a flow chart of another circuit breaker heating method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 8 As shown, after obtaining the first pressure data and the first temperature data, the following steps are further included:

[0066] S30: Acquire liquid level height data in the circuit breaker gas chamber.

[0067] S40: When the first pressure data is less than the first preset pressure value, the first temperature data is less than the first preset temperature value, and the liquid level is greater than the first preset liquid level value, start the microwave generating module.

[0068] Exemplarily, the controller receives input data from multiple sensors in real time to comprehensively evaluate the state of the gas chamber. The data received by the controller include the gas chamber pressure P_chamber, the ambient temperature T_env, the gas chamber temperature T_chamber and the liquid level height H_liquid. Among them, the gas chamber pressure is provided by the density monitor in MPa, reflecting the real-time pressure state of the sulfur hexafluoride gas inside the gas chamber. The ambient temperature is measured by the ambient temperature monitor in ° C, which is used to determine whether the liquefaction conditions of the sulfur hexafluoride gas are met. The gas chamber temperature is used to monitor the local temperature in the gas chamber to prevent the temperature inside the gas chamber from overheating. The liquid level is detected by a newly added non-contact liquid level sensor to detect the accumulation of sulfur hexafluoride liquid in mm, providing direct evidence of the degree of liquefaction. The non-contact liquid level sensor can be an ultrasonic sensor. The changing trend of each parameter is recorded by time stamp for dynamic analysis. The controller has a built-in database of the liquefaction temperature-pressure curve of sulfur hexafluoride gas. For example, the liquefaction pressure is about 0.2MPa at -30°C. The controller compares the real-time data with the database to determine whether the current state is liquefaction, leakage or other abnormalities.

[0069] Exemplarily, the controller's decision-making process utilizes a multi-conditional decision tree to ensure accurate differentiation between different operating conditions and the implementation of appropriate measures. Exemplarily, when the ambient temperature T_env exceeds the liquefaction temperature of sulfur hexafluoride gas (for example, the liquefaction temperature of sulfur hexafluoride gas is -30°C), and the chamber pressure P_chamber is less than 90% of the rated pressure P_rated, the liquid level H_liquid = 0. This indicates that the pressure drop at room temperature and the absence of signs of liquefaction indicate a possible gas leak. In this case, heating is not activated, a gas leak alarm is triggered, a timestamp is recorded, and maintenance personnel are notified. When the ambient temperature T_env is less than or equal to the liquefaction temperature of sulfur hexafluoride gas, the chamber pressure P_chamber is less than 80% of the rated pressure P_rated, and the liquid level H_liquid is greater than 0, it can be determined that low temperatures cause the sulfur hexafluoride gas to liquefy, and the accumulation of liquid sulfur hexafluoride reduces the gas pressure. At this point, heating mode is entered. When the ambient temperature T_env is ≤ the liquefaction temperature of sulfur hexafluoride gas, the gas chamber pressure P_chamber is ≥ 95% of the rated pressure P_rated, and the liquid level H_liquid is 0. The gas chamber is in normal condition, with no liquefaction or pressure abnormalities. At this time, remain in standby mode and perform a self-test every 5 minutes. When the ambient temperature T_env is close to the liquefaction temperature, for example, the ambient temperature is -25°C, the gas chamber pressure P_chamber is between 90% and 95% of the rated pressure P_rated, and the liquid level H_liquid is ≈ 0. The temperature is approaching the critical point of liquefaction and liquefaction may be imminent. At this time, start low-power preheating, for example, the microwave generator output power is 20% for 10 seconds to prevent liquefaction.

[0070] Based on the above embodiment, starting the microwave generating module includes: when the difference between the first pressure data and the first pressure preset value meets the first setting condition, starting the microwave generating module according to the first setting power value; when the difference between the first pressure data and the first pressure preset value meets the second setting condition, starting the microwave generating module according to the second setting power value; when the difference between the first pressure data and the first pressure preset value meets the third setting condition, starting the microwave generating module according to the third setting power value.

[0071] In this embodiment of the present invention, the first preset pressure value is a rated pressure. By calculating the difference between the first pressure data and the first preset pressure value, the degree of liquefaction of the sulfur hexafluoride gas within the gas chamber can be determined. By controlling the output power of the microwave generator in the microwave generation module based on the degree of liquefaction of the sulfur hexafluoride gas, heating efficiency can be improved.

[0072] For example, after confirming liquefaction, the controller dynamically adjusts the output of the microwave generator based on the degree of liquefaction to ensure heating efficiency and safety. The output power of the microwave generator, P_microwave, is calculated as follows: k1 × ΔP + k2 × H_liquid, where k1 and k2 are empirical coefficients expressed in W / MPa and W / mm, respectively, and ΔP is the difference between the chamber pressure, P_chamber, and the rated pressure, P_rated. When ΔP is less than 0.1 MPa and H_liquid is less than 5 mm, the microwave generator operates at low power, outputting 30% power and maintaining a gentle preheating state. When ΔP is between 0.1 and 0.3 MPa and H_liquid is between 5 mm and 15 mm, the microwave generator operates at medium power, outputting 60% power, accelerating the vaporization of the liquid within the chamber. When ΔP is greater than 0.3 MPa and H_liquid is greater than 15 mm, the microwave generator operates at high power, outputting 100% power, enabling rapid recovery of the chamber pressure.

[0073] On the basis of the above embodiment, it is necessary to control the heating time of the microwave generator. Heating time t_heat = k3 × H_liquid × ΔP / P_rated, where k3 is the time coefficient, and the unit is s MPa / mm. For example, the time for the microwave generator to run at low power is 10 seconds, the time for the microwave generator to run at medium power is 20-30 seconds, and the time for the microwave generator to run at low and high power does not exceed 15 seconds. The detection feedback is performed at intervals of 2 seconds, that is, the air chamber pressure P_chamber and the air chamber temperature T_chamber are collected every 2 seconds. If the air chamber pressure P_chamber recovers to more than 95% of the rated pressure P_rated and the liquid level height H_liquid = 0, the heating is stopped. If the air chamber T_chamber>60℃, the heating is suspended and the heat dissipation is started.

[0074] Based on the above embodiment, the controller has built-in abnormality detection and response strategies to ensure stable system operation. For example, when the chamber temperature T_chamber>60℃, heating is suspended and heat dissipation is started. After the chamber temperature T_chamber drops to 50℃, low-power heating is resumed. When microwave leakage is detected, the microwave generator can be immediately shut down, the fault log is recorded, and an alarm is issued. For example, by using a microwave detector to detect microwave leakage, when the microwave detector detects that the leakage power is greater than 5mW / cm 2 A microwave leak is detected. A sudden change in pressure is detected when the chamber pressure rises or falls by more than 0.5 MPa within 5 seconds. Heating is suspended, and a check is conducted for sensor failure or chamber damage. If a fault is confirmed, the system is locked and an alarm is issued. If the voltage regulator voltage fluctuates by more than ±10%, a backup power source is switched, reducing the microwave generator output power to 50%. This backup power source can be supplemented by solar power. If the liquid level sensor detects uneven distribution of sulfur hexafluoride liquid, the controller optimizes the microwave projection angle using an adjustable reflector within the waveguide to focus heating on a specific area. The density monitor, as the core signal monitoring element, not only senses changes in chamber pressure in real time but also, combined with temperature monitoring, distinguishes between liquefaction and leakage. It serves as the trigger signal for the microwave generator, precisely controlling the start and stop of the entire heating system. This intelligent monitoring and feedback mechanism ensures that the system operates only when necessary, improving energy efficiency and extending equipment life.

[0075] To improve long-term operational efficiency, the controller features self-learning capabilities, including data logging and analysis. After each heating cycle, it records the ambient temperature T_env, chamber pressure P_chamber, liquid level H_liquid, heating time t_heat, and microwave generator output power P_microwave to build a historical database. Parameter optimization is performed on this data, adjusting the k1, k2, and k3 coefficients based on historical data. For example, if pressure recovery is slow after multiple high-power heating cycles, the k1 weighting can be increased, thereby boosting the initial power. Environmental adaptation is achieved by determining the liquefaction temperature based on the lowest winter temperature in the installation area. For example, adjusting the liquefaction temperature from -30°C to -20°C ensures that the arc-extinguishing medium within the circuit breaker maintains a suitable physical state under various temperature conditions. This ensures that the circuit breaker can accurately and reliably disconnect the circuit when required, avoiding failures such as delayed arc extinguishing and abnormal switch operation due to inappropriate temperatures, thus ensuring stable, safe, and continuous operation of the power system.

[0076] An embodiment of the present invention utilizes a remote microwave heating device, located on the low-voltage side of the circuit breaker. By emitting high-power microwaves, it heats the liquefied sulfur hexafluoride within the end of the circuit breaker's gas chamber, converting it into sulfur hexafluoride gas. This, in turn, addresses the issue of pressure drop in the gas chamber caused by the liquefaction of sulfur hexafluoride within the "T"-shaped circuit breaker in low-temperature environments. The remote microwave heating device can be used to restore the liquid produced at the end of the gas chamber to a gaseous state. The microwaves act on the liquid, resulting in a high conversion efficiency that is not limited by distance. Furthermore, placing the microwave heating device on the low-voltage side facilitates inspection and maintenance, avoids the technical difficulties of placing a heating device on the high-voltage side, and is adaptable to column-type circuit breakers of varying voltage levels or structural forms.

[0077] It should be understood that the various forms of the processes shown above can be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps described in the present invention can be performed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved. This is not limited herein.

[0078] The above specific embodiments do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions may be made based on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker heating device, characterized in that: include: Microwave generation module, monitoring module and control module; The monitoring module is used to monitor the air chamber pressure and ambient temperature of the circuit breaker and output first pressure data and first temperature data; The control module is connected to the monitoring module and the microwave generating module. When the first temperature data is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold and the first pressure data decreases, the control module is used to control the microwave generating module to start according to the first pressure data and the first temperature data, so that the microwave generating module heats the circuit breaker.

2. The circuit breaker heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The monitoring module includes a density monitor and an ambient temperature monitor. The density monitor is arranged inside the air chamber of the circuit breaker, and is used to monitor the air chamber pressure and output the first pressure data; the ambient temperature monitor is arranged on the outer surface of the circuit breaker, and is used to monitor the ambient temperature and output the first temperature data.

3. The circuit breaker heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microwave generating module includes a microwave generator and a waveguide component. The microwave generator is connected to the waveguide component. The microwave generator is used to generate microwaves. The waveguide component is used to guide the microwaves generated by the microwave generator to the bottom of the air chamber of the circuit breaker.

4. The short-circuit heating device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control module includes a controller, a voltage regulator and a power supply. The controller is connected to the monitoring module, the microwave generator and the voltage regulator. The power supply is connected to the voltage regulator. The controller is used to control the startup of the microwave generator and the operation of the voltage regulator according to the first pressure data and the first temperature data. The power supply is used to output a first voltage signal. The voltage regulator is used to adjust the first voltage signal and output a second voltage signal. The controller is also used to provide electrical energy to the microwave generator according to the second voltage signal.

5. A circuit breaker heating method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Acquiring first pressure data and first temperature data; When the first temperature data is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold and the first pressure data decreases, the microwave generator is started.

6. The circuit breaker heating method according to claim 5, characterized in that: After obtaining the first pressure data and the first temperature data, the method further includes: comparing the first pressure data with a locking pressure value; When the first pressure data is less than or equal to the locking pressure value, the microwave generating module is started.

7. The circuit breaker heating method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The circuit breaker includes a three-phase gas chamber, and obtaining first pressure data includes: The first pressure data of the first-phase air chamber, the first pressure data of the second-phase air chamber, and the first pressure data of the third-phase air chamber are acquired.

8. The circuit breaker heating method according to claim 7, characterized in that: After acquiring the first pressure data of the first-phase air chamber, the first pressure data of the second-phase air chamber, and the first pressure data of the third-phase air chamber, the method further includes: comparing the first pressure data of one phase air chamber in the three-phase air chamber with the average value of the first pressure data of the other two phase air chambers; When the first pressure data of one phase air chamber is greater than or equal to the average value of the first pressure data of the other two phase air chambers, comparing the first temperature data with the first temperature threshold; When the first temperature data is less than or equal to a first temperature threshold, the microwave generating module is started.

9. The circuit breaker heating method according to claim 5, characterized in that: After obtaining the first pressure data and the first temperature data, the method further includes: Obtain liquid level height data in the circuit breaker gas chamber; When the first pressure data is less than a first preset pressure value, the first temperature data is less than a first preset temperature value, and the liquid level is greater than a first preset liquid level value, the microwave generating module is started.

10. The circuit breaker heating method according to claim 9, characterized in that: Starting the microwave generating module includes: When the difference between the first pressure data and the first preset pressure value satisfies a first set condition, starting the microwave generating module according to a first set power value; When the difference between the first pressure data and the first pressure preset value meets a second set condition, starting the microwave generating module according to a second set power value; When the difference between the first pressure data and the first pressure preset value meets a third setting condition, the microwave generating module is started according to a third set power value.

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