Reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving nitrogen oxide reduction reaction efficiency

Abstract

The invention relates to the related technical field of flue gas denitration treatment, in particular to a reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device capable of improving nitrogen oxide reduction reaction efficiency, which comprises a flue and a tank body connected through a connecting pipeline, a plurality of groups of injection mechanisms for spraying a reducing agent are arranged in the flue, a partition plate is arranged in the tank body, and the partition plate is arranged in the tank body. The interior of the tank body is divided into a buffer area and a turbulent flow area by the separation disc; through opening and closing cooperation of the through holes in the piston disc and the partition disc, flue gas is guided into the turbulent flow area, it is ensured that the flue gas flows in the tank body in order, the flowing path of the flue gas is optimized, in addition, the flue gas is diffused all around under the action of a third conical surface and enters gaps between the outer wall of the center piece and the first ring body and the second ring body, and the flue gas is prevented from entering the turbulent flow area. By means of the multi-stage guide and diffusion design, the flue gas forms a complex flowing path in the tank body, the contact opportunity of the flue gas and the reducing agent is increased, and the efficiency of the reduction reaction is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field related to flue gas denitration treatment, and in particular to a reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction. Background Art

[0002] During the vortex circulation filtration and purification process of thermal power generation flue gas, controlling nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions is a key environmental issue. NOx is not only an air pollutant but also has serious impacts on human health and the environment. Denitrification technology, which reduces NOx to harmless gases (nitrogen and water vapor) through chemical reactions, is currently the primary means of addressing this issue.

[0003] Currently, the most commonly used denitrification methods include selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR). SNCR technology is widely used in some thermal power plants due to its low cost and simple operation. SNCR technology injects a reducing agent (such as ammonia or urea solution) into the flue gas, converting NOx into nitrogen and water through a chemical reaction.

[0004] The design of flow-turbulating mechanisms in the existing technology has several shortcomings. For example, the flow-turbulating devices of some denitrification equipment are complex in structure, making installation and maintenance inconvenient. Furthermore, in high-temperature, high-dust flue gas environments, electronic components are prone to malfunction, affecting the stable operation of the system. Furthermore, traditional flow-turbulating mechanisms may not fully adapt to changes in flue gas flow rate and temperature, resulting in unstable denitrification efficiency under different operating conditions. Furthermore, some flow-turbulating mechanisms are limited in their effectiveness in promoting mixing of flue gas and reducing agent, failing to effectively improve the utilization rate of the reducing agent and the selectivity of the denitrification reaction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device that improves the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction, comprising a flue and a tank body connected by a connecting pipe, wherein a plurality of injection mechanisms for spraying reducing agents are provided in the flue, and a partition is provided in the tank body, and the partition divides the interior of the tank body into a buffer zone and a turbulence zone distributed up and down; wherein a turbulence mechanism is provided in the turbulence zone, and a piston disk is provided in the buffer zone for sealing and sliding, and a conducting hole is provided on both the piston disk and the partition disk, and a first control mechanism and a second control mechanism for switching the opening and closing states of the conducting hole are respectively provided on the two; the flue gas enters the buffer zone through the flue and is gathered, and when the piston disk moves, the flue gas gathered in the buffer zone can be pumped into the turbulence zone.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: a plurality of groups of the injection mechanisms are arranged along a spiral trajectory in the height direction of the flue, and the injection mechanisms include an atomizing nozzle movably arranged in the flue, and the atomizing nozzle is connected to an angle control structure.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: a liquid inlet pipe is fixed on the flue, the liquid inlet pipe is sealed and rotatably connected to the atomizing nozzle, the end of the liquid inlet pipe away from the atomizing nozzle is connected to an external pump body, the angle control structure includes a drive motor installed on the outer wall of the flue, the output shaft of the drive motor extends into the flue, and is connected to the atomizing nozzle through a bevel gear set.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the spoiler mechanism includes a first ring body, a second ring body, a center piece and a cover body arranged in the tank body, the center holes of the first ring body, the second ring body and the cover body are straight hole surfaces on the top, and the first conical surface, the second conical surface and the fifth conical surface are formed on the bottom respectively, the center hole of the first ring body coincides with the conducting hole on the partition plate, and the center piece is located at the center of the first ring body and the second ring body.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the upper and lower parts of the center piece are respectively provided with a third conical surface and a fourth conical surface, the third conical surface and the fourth conical surface are connected by a vertical surface, and a gap is reserved between the third conical surface and the outer wall of the vertical surface and the first ring body and the second ring body, the straight hole surface of the cover body is fixed on the fourth conical surface of the center piece, and a plurality of through openings are equidistantly provided on the cover body along the circumference, and an impact chamber is formed between the cover body and the bottom wall of the tank body, and the through opening connects the gap and the impact chamber.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: a hydraulic cylinder is provided on the outer wall of the tank body, and a transmission frame is also provided on the tank body for sealing and sliding, and the transmission frame is fixedly connected to the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston disc; the first control mechanism includes a movable disc sealing and slidingly provided on the piston disc, and the movable disc is connected to a sliding matching structure, and two fixed shafts are also fixed on the piston disc, and a kit is respectively slidably sleeved on the two fixed shafts, and the movable disc is fixed between the two kits, and when the kit slides on the fixed shaft, it can drive the movable disc to slide along the radial direction of the piston disc.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the sliding matching structure includes a vertical arm fixed on the movable disk and a limiting plate fixed on the inner wall of the tank body, and the vertical arm is provided with a convex column, and the limiting plate is provided with a through groove adapted to the convex column, the convex column passes through the through groove and is slidably connected to the limiting plate, and the through groove includes a connected inclined groove and a vertical groove.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the second control mechanism includes a sealing member that is sealingly slidably arranged on the partition disk and can move radially along the partition disk. The sealing member is arranged in a fan shape, is connected to an elastic support structure, and also cooperates with a limiting component arranged in the buffer zone.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention: the elastic support structure includes two guide shafts fixed on the inner wall of the tank body and a follower plate slidably connected to the two guide shafts, the follower plate is fixedly connected to the sealing member, and a long strip portion is formed on the upper part to cooperate with the limit assembly; wherein, the outer periphery of the guide shaft is also sleeved with a cylindrical spring, and the two ends of the cylindrical spring are respectively connected to the inner wall of the tank body and the follower plate.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention: the limiting assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the spacer and a limiting wheel provided on the rotating shaft and abutting against the long strip portion, the rotating shaft slidingly fits with a sleeve fixed on the piston disc; wherein, a driving column is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve, and a groove body adapted to the driving column is provided on the inner wall of the rotating shaft, the driving column extends into the groove body and is slidably connected to the rotating shaft, and the groove body includes a first groove and a second groove connected to each other, the first groove is spirally arranged, and the second groove is arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the mechanical coordination scheme of the present application, through ingenious mechanical structure design, effectively avoids problems such as poor contact and short circuit that may occur in electronic components under high temperature conditions, thereby significantly improving the stability and reliability of the entire system and ensuring the efficient implementation of the flue gas denitrification process.

[0017] The application realizes the orderly flow of flue gas in the tank body by the switch cooperation of the through holes on the piston disc and the partition disc, optimizes the flow path of the flue gas, avoids the short circuit or retention of the flue gas, and improves the mixing uniformity of the flue gas and the reducing agent; in addition, the flue gas diffuses to the gap between the outer wall of the center piece and the first ring body and the second ring body under the action of the third conical surface, and then reaches the fifth conical surface to form a reflux, the multi-stage guiding and diffusion design makes the flue gas form a complex flow path in the tank body, increases the contact opportunity of the flue gas and the reducing agent, and improves the efficiency of the reduction reaction; the flue gas blows to the fourth conical surface through the through hole under the action of the second conical surface, and the flue gas from all directions collides. The impact effect can break the laminar boundary layer of the flue gas, further strengthen the mixing of the flue gas and the reducing agent; during the upward movement and reset of the piston disc, a certain suction effect will be generated on the turbulence area, so that a certain negative pressure is formed in the turbulence area, further improving the length and complexity of the flue gas movement path in the turbulence area; the pressure in the buffer area rises, and when the piston disc moves upward and the through hole on the piston disc opens, the flue gas can enter the area between the partition disc and the piston disc at a faster speed under the action of high pressure, has a certain impact effect, improves the reaction effect, and the molecular distance between the flue gas and the reducing agent is reduced under the high-pressure environment, and the collision frequency is increased, which helps to accelerate the chemical reaction rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Structure schematic diagram of one embodiment of the reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of the reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides; Figure 2 Structure schematic diagram of another angle of one embodiment of the reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of the reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides; Figure 3 Structure schematic diagram of the flue duct in one embodiment of the reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of the reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides; Figure 4 Top view of the flue duct in one embodiment of the reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of the reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides; Figure 5 Structure schematic diagram of the inside of the tank body in one embodiment of the reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of the reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides; Figure 3 Enlarged structure diagram of A in FIG. 5; Figure 6 Structure schematic diagram of the inside of the tank body in one embodiment of the reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of the reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides; Figure 7 Enlarged structure diagram of B in FIG. 5; Figure 6 Enlarged structure diagram of C in FIG. 5; Figure 8 Figure 6 Enlarged structure diagram of C in FIG. 5; ​ Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of a tank in one embodiment of a reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Structural diagram from another angle; Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the flow of flue gas in a turbulent zone in one embodiment of a reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction; Figure 12 A schematic structural diagram of a first control mechanism and a second control mechanism in an embodiment of a reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction.

[0019] Figure: 1, flue; 2, tank body; 3, connecting pipe; 4, piston plate; 5, spacer; 6, first ring body; 601, first conical surface; 7, second ring body; 701, second conical surface; 8, center piece; 801, third conical surface; 802, fourth conical surface; 9, cover body; 901, fifth conical surface; 902, port; 10, hydraulic cylinder; 11, transmission frame; 12, drive motor; 13, liquid inlet pipe; 14, atomization Nozzle; 15. Bevel gear set; 16. Guide shaft; 17. Follower plate; 1701. Long strip; 18. Column spring; 19. Limiting wheel; 20. Rotating shaft; 2001. First groove; 2002. Second groove; 21. Blocking piece; 22. Bushing; 23. Fixed shaft; 24. Kit; 25. Movable disk; 26. Vertical arm; 2601. Boss; 27. Limiting plate; 2701. Inclined groove; 2702. Vertical groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] In addition, when an element in the present invention is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0022] See also Figures 1-11The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction in the embodiment of the application comprises a flue 1 and a tank body 2 connected through a connecting pipeline 3, a plurality of injection mechanisms for spraying reducing agent are arranged in the flue 1, a baffle 5 is arranged in the tank body 2, and the tank body 2 is divided into a buffer zone and a turbulence zone distributed in upper and lower parts by the baffle 5; a turbulence mechanism is arranged in the turbulence zone, a piston disc 4 is sealingly and slidably arranged in the buffer zone, through holes are arranged on the baffle 5 and the piston disc 4, and first control mechanisms and second control mechanisms for switching the opening and closing states of the through holes are arranged on the baffle 5 and the piston disc 4 respectively; flue gas enters the buffer zone through the flue 1, and when the piston disc 4 moves, the flue gas collected in the buffer zone can be pumped into the turbulence zone.

[0023] It should be noted that a flue gas inlet is arranged at the bottom of the flue 1, in the specific implementation, flue gas is pumped into the flue 1 by a pump, at the same time, the injection mechanism sprays reducing agent (such as ammonia water or urea solution) in the form of atomization into the flue gas, then the flue gas enters the tank body 2 through the connecting pipeline 3; initially, the through holes on the piston disc 4 and the baffle 5 are in the open state and the closed state respectively, then the flue gas is collected in the buffer zone, when the piston disc 4 moves downward in the tank body 2, the first control mechanism closes the through hole on the piston disc 4, and the second control mechanism opens the through hole on the baffle 5, then the flue gas collected in the buffer zone is pumped into the turbulence zone, after the flue gas enters the turbulence zone, under the action of the turbulence mechanism, turbulence is formed, specifically, the flue gas is impacted, thereby improving the efficiency of the nitrogen oxide reduction reaction, and the effectiveness of the flue gas treatment is ensured.

[0024] The specific effects are as follows: efficient mixing: by arranging the injection mechanism in the flue 1, the reducing agent is sprayed into the flue gas in the form of atomization, which can make the reducing agent and the flue gas mix fully, improve the utilization rate of the reducing agent and the reaction efficiency. This atomization spraying mode greatly increases the contact area of the reducing agent and the flue gas, so that the chemical reaction can be carried out more quickly and more fully.

[0025] Buffering and flow splitting: the flue gas first enters the buffer zone, such a design helps to stabilize the flow rate and flow of the flue gas, and avoids that the flue gas directly impacts the turbulence zone to cause uneven reaction. The existence of the buffer zone enables the flue gas to gradually collect in a relatively stable state, and provides more uniform flue gas flow for subsequent turbulence treatment.

[0026] Turbulence promotes reaction: Within the turbulence zone, the flue gas is turbulent due to the action of the turbulent mechanism, further enhancing the mixing effect between the flue gas and the reducing agent. Turbulence can break up the laminar boundary layer of the flue gas, allowing the reducing agent to penetrate deeper into every corner of the flue gas flow, thereby improving the efficiency of the nitrogen oxide reduction reaction and ensuring that NOx in the flue gas is fully converted into harmless gases.

[0027] Precise Control: The openings in the piston disc 4 and the spacer disc 5, through the coordinated operation of the first and second control mechanisms, precisely control the flow and convergence of the flue gas. This precise control mechanism ensures that the residence time and reaction conditions of the flue gas in different areas are optimized, avoiding localized over- or under-reaction, and further improving the treatment efficiency and stability of the entire denitrification system.

[0028] Strong adaptability: The device can adapt to the flue gas treatment requirements under different working conditions. Whether it is flue gas flow rate, flow velocity or temperature changes, by adjusting the injection volume of the injection mechanism and the working state of the flow disturbance mechanism, the effectiveness of flue gas treatment can be guaranteed, making it able to operate stably in various complex industrial environments and meet environmental protection requirements.

[0029] Improved treatment efficiency: Through the above-mentioned series of designs, the denitrification device can significantly improve the treatment efficiency of nitrogen oxides in flue gas and reduce NOx emissions. This is of great significance to improving air quality and reducing environmental pollution. It also helps enterprises meet increasingly stringent environmental regulations and avoid penalties and reputation losses due to excessive emissions.

[0030] Please refer again Figure 3 and Figure 4 , multiple groups of the injection mechanisms are arranged along a spiral trajectory in the height direction of the flue 1. Specifically, the flue 1 is composed of a plurality of square tubes connected in sequence, each square tube is equipped with an injection mechanism, and the injection mechanisms on two adjacent square tubes are located on two adjacent surfaces of the square tubes. The injection mechanism includes an atomizing nozzle 14 movably arranged in the flue 1, and the atomizing nozzle 14 is connected to an angle control structure.

[0031] Please refer again Figure 5 A liquid inlet pipe 13 is fixed on the flue 1, and the liquid inlet pipe 13 is sealed and rotatably connected to the atomizing nozzle 14. The end of the liquid inlet pipe 13 away from the atomizing nozzle 14 is connected to an external pump body. The angle control structure includes a drive motor 12 installed on the outer wall of the flue 1, and the output shaft of the drive motor 12 extends into the flue 1 and is connected to the atomizing nozzle 14 through a bevel gear set 15.

[0032] In detail, the bevel gear set 15 includes a number one bevel gear fixed to the end of the output shaft of the drive motor 12 and a number two bevel gear fixed to the atomizing nozzle 14, and the number two bevel gear is meshed with the number one bevel gear; during operation, the output shaft of the drive motor 12 can drive the atomizing nozzle 14 to deflect through the bevel gear set 15, thereby achieving a change in the angle of the atomizing nozzle 14. The adjustable angle design ensures that the reducing agent can be evenly distributed to various areas of the flue gas flow, thereby increasing the probability of the reducing agent contacting the NOx molecules in the flue gas; secondly, the present application uses the bevel gear set 15 as a transmission member, the purpose of which is to arrange the driving source (i.e., the drive motor 12) for adjusting the angle of the atomizing nozzle 14 outside the flue 1 Since the flue gas is discharged from the combustion furnace with a high temperature, usually between 800-1100°C, if the driving source is located in the flue 1, working in a high temperature environment will produce many adverse effects, as follows: the insulation material will age faster, the insulation performance will decline, and the service life will be shortened; the motor winding resistance will increase, resulting in reduced efficiency; the heat dissipation capacity will deteriorate, causing heat accumulation inside the motor, forming a vicious circle; the lubricant performance will decline, and poor lubrication will lead to increased friction and aggravated wear; the mechanical structure will deform due to thermal expansion, affecting the operational stability and accuracy, and increasing vibration and noise; electronic components are prone to failure at high temperatures, and the control accuracy is reduced; the output power and torque of the motor will decrease, and cannot meet the working requirements; the overall stability will be reduced, the failure rate will increase, and more frequent maintenance and inspection will be required.

[0033] Furthermore, multiple atomizing nozzles 14 are evenly spaced along the height of the flue 1, and the spray angle and flow rate of each atomizing nozzle 14 can be adjusted. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the coverage range of each atomizing nozzle 14. The spray angle of the atomizing nozzle 14 is generally between 30° and 120°, and the specific angle depends on the width and height of the flue 1. The height difference between two adjacent atomizing nozzles 14 needs to ensure that the spray areas of adjacent atomizing nozzles 14 have appropriate overlap to avoid uncovered areas. The calculation formula for the spacing between atomizing nozzles 14 (i.e., the height difference between two adjacent nozzles) can be expressed as: .

[0034] Where S is the spacing between the atomizing nozzles 14, W is the height of the flue 1, and n is the number of atomizing nozzles 14 along the height of the flue 1. The number of atomizing nozzles 14 needs to be determined based on the size of the flue 1 and the coverage of the atomizing nozzles 14. Assuming the height of the flue 1 is W and the spray angle of the atomizing nozzles 14 is θ, the number of atomizing nozzles 14 can be expressed as: .

[0035] Among them, R is the spray distance of the nozzle, which is usually determined by the spray pressure and nozzle diameter.

[0036] The flow rate of each nozzle is adjusted by the injection pump and flow control valve to ensure that the injection volume of each nozzle meets the design requirements. The flow control formula can be expressed as: .

[0037] Among them, Q i is the flow rate of the i-th nozzle, Q total is the total injection flow rate, and n is the number of nozzles.

[0038] In actual operation, the nozzle angle and flow rate need to be dynamically adjusted based on changes in operating conditions such as flue gas flow rate and temperature. This can be achieved through a feedback control system, which adjusts the nozzle's operating state in real time based on flue gas parameters monitored by sensors. In flue gas denitrification devices, the feedback control system monitors parameters such as flue gas flow rate, temperature, and NOx concentration to adjust the reductant injection amount in real time. Specifically, the monitored parameter deviations are fed back to the controller, which adjusts the input accordingly, such as adjusting the reductant injection amount of the injection mechanism, to maintain optimal denitrification reaction conditions. This feedback control mechanism ensures sufficient mixing of the reductant and flue gas, improving reductant utilization and denitrification efficiency while avoiding excessive reductant use and reducing operating costs. Furthermore, it stabilizes flue gas flow, optimizes the residence time and reaction conditions of flue gas in different zones, further improving the selectivity and efficiency of the denitrification reaction, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the flue gas treatment effect.

[0039] Please refer again Figure 9 、 Figure 10 as well as Figure 11 The spoiler mechanism includes a first ring body 6, a second ring body 7, a center piece 8 and a cover body 9 arranged in the tank body 2. The center holes of the first ring body 6, the second ring body 7 and the cover body 9 are all straight hole surfaces on the top, and a first conical surface 601, a second conical surface 701 and a fifth conical surface 901 are formed on the bottom respectively; the center hole of the first ring body 6 coincides with the conducting hole on the partition plate 5, and the upper and lower parts of the center piece 8 are respectively provided with a third conical surface 801 and a fourth conical surface 802, and the third conical surface 801 and the fourth conical surface 802 are connected by a vertical surface; the center piece 8 is located at the center of the first ring body 6 and the second ring body 7, and a gap is reserved between the third conical surface 801 and the vertical surface outer wall of the center piece 8 and the first ring body 6 and the second ring body 7, and the straight hole surface of the cover body 9 is fixed on the fourth conical surface 802 of the center piece 8. The cover body 9 is provided with a plurality of openings 902 at equal intervals along the circumference, and an impact chamber is formed between the cover body 9 and the bottom wall of the tank body 2 . The openings 902 connect the gap with the impact chamber.

[0040] As piston disc 4 moves downward within tank body 2, the openings on piston disc 4 and spacer disc 5 close and open, respectively, allowing the flue gas collected in the buffer zone to be pumped into the turbulence zone. This design has the following beneficial effects: Optimizing the flue gas flow path: By coordinating the opening and closing of the openings on piston disc 4 and spacer disc 5, the flue gas is guided into the turbulence zone, ensuring orderly flue gas flow within tank body 2, preventing flue gas short-circuiting or stagnation, and improving the uniformity of the mixing of flue gas and reducing agent.

[0041] Enhanced mixing of flue gas and reducing agent: Under the influence of the third conical surface 801, the flue gas enters the gap between the outer wall of the centerpiece 8 and the first and second ring bodies 6 and 7. It diffuses outward before moving vertically downward and outward, forming a reflux at the fifth conical surface 901. This multi-stage guidance and diffusion design creates a complex flow path for the flue gas within the tank body 2, increasing the contact opportunities between the flue gas and the reducing agent and improving the efficiency of the reduction reaction.

[0042] Promoting turbulence and impact: Under the influence of the second conical surface 701, the flue gas is blown through the opening 902 toward the fourth conical surface 802, causing the flue gas from all sides to impact. This impact action can break the laminar boundary layer of the flue gas, further enhance the mixing of the flue gas and the reducing agent, and form turbulence, thereby improving the rate and efficiency of the NOx reduction reaction.

[0043] Improved discharge efficiency of reaction products: Ultimately, the reaction products are discharged from the bottom outlet of tank 2 and enter the subsequent flue gas purification device for further treatment. This design ensures that the reaction products can be discharged from tank 2 in a timely manner, avoiding product accumulation within tank 2, and improving the treatment efficiency and stability of the entire denitrification device.

[0044] Please refer again Figure 7 and Figure 12, a hydraulic cylinder 10 is provided on the outer wall of the tank body 2, and a transmission frame 11 is also provided on the tank body 2 for sealing and sliding. The transmission frame 11 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 10 and the piston disc 4, and a plurality of guide holes are arranged in an array around the center of a circle on the piston disc 4; the first control mechanism includes a movable disc 25 sealingly and slidingly provided on the piston disc 4, each movable disc 25 corresponds to a guide hole, and each movable disc 25 is connected to a sliding fitting structure, and two fixed shafts 23 are also fixed on the piston disc 4, and a kit 24 is respectively slidably provided on the two fixed shafts 23, and the movable disc 25 is fixed between the two kits 24. When the kit 24 slides on the fixed shaft 23, it can drive the movable disc 25 to slide radially along the piston disc 4. The sliding fitting structure includes a vertical arm 26 fixed on the movable disk 25 and a limiting plate 27 fixed on the inner wall of the tank body 2, and the vertical arm 26 is provided with a boss 2601, and the limiting plate 27 is provided with a through groove adapted to the boss 2601, the boss 2601 passes through the through groove and is slidably connected to the limiting plate 27, and the through groove includes a connected inclined groove 2701 and a vertical groove 2702.

[0045] During operation of the flue gas treatment system, when the hydraulic cylinder 10 begins to operate, the high-pressure hydraulic oil within it rapidly propels the piston, thereby driving the connected transmission frame 11 at a relatively high speed. This speed setting is carefully calculated to ensure that the flue gas has sufficient impact strength upon entering the turbulence zone, thereby effectively promoting mixing of the flue gas and the reducing agent.

[0046] As the transmission frame 11 rapidly moves, it drives the piston plate 4 downward. During the initial stages of its downward movement, the boss 2601 on the piston plate 4 first contacts the inclined groove 2701 on the stop plate 27. The specialized design of the inclined groove 2701 allows the boss 2601 to slide smoothly along its inclined surface, forming a clever sliding fit. This fit not only guides the direction of the boss 2601's movement but also prepares it for subsequent movement.

[0047] As the boss 2601 slides in engagement with the inclined groove 2701, the vertical arm 26, guided by the fixed shaft 23 and the sleeve 24, drives the movable plate 5 in a radially linear motion along the piston plate 4. Assisted by this guiding system, the vertical arm 26 causes the movable plate 25 to yield. The movable plate 25 slides smoothly and controlled along the radial direction of the piston plate 4, facilitating subsequent closing.

[0048] When the convex column 2601 continues to slide and finally enters the vertical slot 2702, the movable disc 25 and the through hole on the piston disc 4 reach the state of coincidence. At this time, the movable disc 25 just closes the through hole on the piston disc 4. This closure is accurate and timely, and its purpose is to enable the piston disc 4 to smoothly pump the smoke gathered in the buffer area into the turbulence area. Through this series of complex and coordinated actions, the smoke is fully mixed with the reducing agent in the turbulence area, thereby significantly enhancing the mixing effect and laying a solid foundation for the subsequent treatment process.

[0049] Please refer again to Figure 8 and Figure 12 , the second control mechanism includes a sealing sliding block 21 arranged on the partition disc 5 and capable of moving along the radial direction of the partition disc 5, a plurality of through holes corresponding to the through holes on the piston disc 4 are arranged around the center of the partition disc 5, and the distance between the through holes on the partition disc 5 and the center is less than the distance between the through holes on the piston disc 4 and the center; the sealing block 21 corresponds to the through holes on the partition disc 5 one by one, the sealing block 21 is arranged in a fan shape, is connected with an elastic support structure, and is further matched with a limiting component arranged in the buffer area. The elastic support structure includes two guide shafts 16 fixed to the inner wall of the tank body 2 at one end and a follower plate 17 slidably connected to the other end of the two guide shafts 16, the follower plate 17 is fixedly connected to the sealing block 21, and the upper part further forms a long strip part 1701 matched with the limiting component; wherein the outer periphery of the guide shaft 16 is further sleeved with a cylindrical spring 18, the two ends of the cylindrical spring 18 are connected to the inner wall of the tank body 2 and the follower plate 17 respectively, and the cylindrical spring 18 is stretched at the maximum distance.

[0050] The limiting component includes a rotating shaft 20 rotatably installed on the partition disc 5 and a limiting wheel 19 arranged on the rotating shaft 20 and abutting against the long strip part 1701, and the rotating shaft 20 is slidably sleeved with a shaft sleeve 22 fixed to the piston disc 4; wherein the inner wall of the shaft sleeve 22 is provided with a driving column, and the inner wall of the rotating shaft 20 is provided with a groove body matched with the driving column, the driving column extends into the groove body and is slidably connected with the rotating shaft 20, and the groove body includes a first groove 2001 and a second groove 2002 connected with each other, the first groove 2001 is arranged in a spiral shape, and the second groove 2002 is arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 20.

[0051] During the process that the convex column 2601 is located in the inclined groove 2701, the driving column is located in the first groove 2001, and as the piston disc 4 moves downward, the driving column moves downward along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 20, so that the driving column will be in sliding fit with the rotating shaft 20 through the first groove 2001, so as to drive the rotating shaft 20 to rotate, and correspondingly, the rotating shaft 20 drives the limiting wheel 19 to deviate, when the limiting wheel 19 deviates, the stretching amount of the cylindrical spring 18 gradually decreases, under the tension of the cylindrical spring 18, the straight-line distance between the rotating shaft 20 and the follow-up plate 17 gradually decreases, thereby driving the blocking piece 21 to move away from the center of the partition disc 5, and a plurality of blocking pieces 21 arranged in a fan shape perform diffusion action, after the driving column reaches the second groove 2002, the through hole in the center of the partition disc 5 is opened, so that the smoke gathered in the buffer area enters the turbulence area; in summary, the application innovatively adopts a mechanical fit mode to accurately realize the state switching of the through hole on the piston disc 4 and the partition disc 5. Compared with the traditional independent control method of the state switching of the through hole of the two, the mechanical fit mode has significant advantages in stability and reliability. In the conventional operation, the separate switching mode usually needs to set corresponding electric control switches in the inner part of the tank 2, however, in actual application, the smoke often has a high temperature, and such a high-temperature environment is easy to cause adverse effects on electronic elements such as electric control switches, thereby causing the switching function to fail. The mechanical fit scheme of the application effectively avoids the problems such as poor contact and short circuit of electronic elements under high-temperature conditions through ingenious mechanical structure design, thereby significantly improving the stability and reliability of the whole system, and ensuring the efficient performance of the smoke denitration process.

[0052] It should be pointed out that during the process of the hydraulic cylinder 10 driving the piston disc 4 to move upward and reset, initially, since the conducting hole on the piston disc 4 is in a closed state, the conducting hole on the partition disc 5 is in an open state, whenever the piston disc 4 finishes moving downward, the hydraulic cylinder 10 should not quickly drive the piston disc 4 to move upward and reset, and it is necessary to ensure that the flue gas passes through the corresponding path in the turbulent zone; secondly, during the process of the piston disc 4 moving upward and resetting, it will have a certain suction effect on the turbulent zone, so that a certain negative pressure can be formed in the turbulent zone, and the pressure in the buffer zone increases. After the piston disc 4 moves upward and the conducting hole on it is opened, the flue gas can enter the area between the partition disc 5 and the piston disc 4 at a faster speed under the action of high pressure, and has a certain impact effect, thereby improving the reaction effect; at this time, the flue gas located in the buffer zone is under a high-pressure environment, and the molecular distance between the flue gas and the reducing agent is reduced, and the collision frequency is increased, which helps to accelerate the chemical reaction rate. For flue gas denitrification reactions such as selective catalytic reduction (SCR) or selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR), high pressure conditions promote the reaction between reducing agents (such as ammonia or urea) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), more efficiently converting NOx into harmless nitrogen and water vapor. High pressure also facilitates uniform distribution of the reducing agent in the flue gas. Under normal pressure, uneven distribution of the reducing agent can occur due to factors such as flue gas flow rate and temperature, resulting in excess reducing agent in some areas and insufficient reducing agent in others. Under high pressure, however, the reducing agent is more easily atomized and evenly dispersed in the flue gas, improving the selectivity and efficiency of the reduction reaction. High pressure conditions can enhance the selectivity of the flue gas denitrification reaction. This means that under high pressure, the reducing agent is more likely to react with NOx, while reducing side reactions with other flue gas components, thereby improving reducing agent utilization and denitrification efficiency.

[0053] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0054] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction, comprising a flue and a tank body connected by a connecting pipe, characterized in that: The flue is provided with a plurality of injection mechanisms for spraying reducing agents, and the tank body is provided with a partition plate, which divides the interior of the tank body into a buffer zone and a turbulence zone distributed up and down; wherein, a turbulence mechanism is provided in the turbulence zone, and a piston disc is provided in the buffer zone for sealing and sliding, and both the piston disc and the partition plate are provided with conducting holes, and both are respectively provided with a first control mechanism and a second control mechanism for switching the opening and closing states of the conducting holes; the flue gas enters the buffer zone through the flue and is gathered, and when the piston disc moves, the flue gas gathered in the buffer zone can be pumped into the turbulence zone.

2. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving nitrogen oxide reduction reaction efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of groups of the injection mechanisms are arranged along a spiral track in the height direction of the flue. The injection mechanisms include an atomizing nozzle movably arranged in the flue, and the atomizing nozzle is connected to an angle control structure.

3. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving the nitrogen oxide reduction reaction efficiency according to claim 2, characterized in that: A liquid inlet pipe is fixed on the flue, and the liquid inlet pipe is sealed and rotatably connected to the atomizing nozzle. One end of the liquid inlet pipe away from the atomizing nozzle is connected to an external pump body. The angle control structure includes a drive motor installed on the outer wall of the flue, and the output shaft of the drive motor extends into the flue and is connected to the atomizing nozzle through a bevel gear set.

4. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving nitrogen oxide reduction reaction efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spoiler mechanism includes a first ring body, a second ring body, a center piece and a cover body arranged in the tank body. The center holes of the first ring body, the second ring body and the cover body are all straight hole surfaces on the top, and the first conical surface, the second conical surface and the fifth conical surface are formed on the bottom respectively. The center hole of the first ring body coincides with the conducting hole on the partition plate, and the center piece is located at the center of the first ring body and the second ring body.

5. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving nitrogen oxide reduction reaction efficiency according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper and lower parts of the center piece are respectively provided with a third conical surface and a fourth conical surface, and the third conical surface and the fourth conical surface are connected by a vertical surface. A gap is reserved between the third conical surface and the outer wall of the vertical surface and the first ring body and the second ring body. The straight hole surface of the cover body is fixed on the fourth conical surface of the center piece. The cover body is provided with multiple openings at equal intervals along the circumference, and an impact chamber is formed between the cover body and the bottom wall of the tank body. The opening connects the gap and the impact chamber.

6. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving nitrogen oxide reduction reaction efficiency according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the tank body is provided with a hydraulic cylinder, and a transmission frame is also provided on the tank body for sealing and sliding. The transmission frame is fixedly connected to the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston disc; the first control mechanism includes a movable disc sealing and slidingly provided on the piston disc, and the movable disc is connected with a sliding matching structure. Two fixed shafts are also fixed on the piston disc, and a kit is respectively slidably sleeved on the two fixed shafts. The movable disc is fixed between the two kits. When the kit slides on the fixed shaft, it can drive the movable disc to slide radially along the piston disc.

7. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving nitrogen oxide reduction reaction efficiency according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sliding fitting structure includes a vertical arm fixed on the movable disk and a limiting plate fixed on the inner wall of the tank body, and the vertical arm is provided with a convex column, and the limiting plate is provided with a through groove adapted to the convex column, the convex column passes through the through groove and is slidably connected to the limiting plate, and the through groove includes a connected inclined groove and a vertical groove.

8. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving nitrogen oxide reduction reaction efficiency according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second control mechanism includes a sealing member that is sealingly slidably arranged on the partition disk and can move radially along the partition disk. The sealing member is arranged in a fan shape, is connected to an elastic support structure, and cooperates with a limiting component arranged in the buffer zone.

9. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving nitrogen oxide reduction reaction efficiency according to claim 8, characterized in that: The elastic support structure includes two guide shafts fixed on the inner wall of the tank body and a follower plate slidably connected to the two guide shafts. The follower plate is fixedly connected to the sealing member, and a long strip portion is formed on the upper part to cooperate with the limit assembly; wherein, the outer periphery of the guide shaft is also sleeved with a cylindrical spring, and the two ends of the cylindrical spring are respectively connected to the inner wall of the tank body and the follower plate.

10. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving nitrogen oxide reduction reaction efficiency according to claim 9, characterized in that: The limiting assembly includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the spacer and a limiting wheel provided on the rotating shaft and abutting against the long strip portion, and the rotating shaft is slidingly fitted with a sleeve fixed on the piston disc; wherein, a driving column is provided on the inner wall of the sleeve, and a groove body adapted to the driving column is provided on the inner wall of the rotating shaft, the driving column extends into the groove body and is slidably connected to the rotating shaft, and the groove body includes a first groove and a second groove connected to each other, the first groove is spirally arranged, and the second groove is arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

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