Laminated perovskite coating die head

Abstract

The invention provides a laminated perovskite coating die head which comprises a first die body, a second die body, a gasket and a die locking bolt, the first die body is provided with three independent and same fluid cavity channels at different breadth positions, the top of each fluid cavity channel is provided with an exhaust hole and a feeding hole, and the first die body is provided with an exhaust hole and a feeding hole; three independent shaping notches corresponding to the fluid cavity channels are formed in different breadth positions of the lower end of the gasket, the shapes of the rear portions of the shaping notches are matched with the shapes of the outer contours of the fluid cavity channels, and the widths of the front portions of the shaping notches correspond to the widths of the lower portions of the fluid cavity channels; after the first die body and the second die body are closed, an extrusion channel is formed in the front area of the shaping notch, a coating gap of the extrusion channel is the thickness of the gasket, tension balance grooves are formed in the positions, located on the left side and the right side of the shaping notch, of the front end of the gasket respectively, and tension balance grooves are formed in the corresponding positions of the lower ends of die lips of the first die body and the second die body. According to the invention, three crystal silicon substrates can be coated at the same time, and the production efficiency of coating is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coating die heads, in particular to a laminated perovskite coating die head. Background Art

[0002] Perovskites are a class of materials with a specific crystal structure, typically with the chemical formula ABX3. Their excellent light absorption properties, long carrier diffusion lengths, and tunable band gaps make them ideal for use in high-efficiency solar cells.

[0003] Perovskite photovoltaic cells have a wide bandgap and are highly absorbing high-energy photons in the short-wavelength (300-800 nm) range, such as ultraviolet and visible light. Conventional crystalline silicon cells are more resistant to long-wavelength (800-1200 nm) photons. Theoretically, these two combined cells cover over 90% of the solar spectrum, significantly reducing energy waste due to thermal losses. Based on this theory, perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem cells have made significant progress. In the production process, a crystalline silicon substrate is used as the substrate, and a perovskite layer is uniformly applied to the substrate using processes such as vapor deposition, spin coating, and slot coating. Currently, perovskite-crystalline silicon tandem cells face challenges with low efficiency in large-scale industrial production and high production costs for large-scale modules. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a laminated perovskite coating die head, which can achieve simultaneous coating of three crystalline silicon substrates, thereby improving the production efficiency of industrial coating of perovskite-crystalline silicon laminated cells.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is a laminated perovskite coating die head, comprising a first die body, a second die body and a gasket located therebetween, wherein the first die body, the second die body and the gasket are connected as a whole by a locking bolt, and the inner regions of the lower ends of the first die body and the second die body extend downward to form a die lip, characterized in that: the first die body is provided with three independent and identical fluid cavities at different width positions, the top of the fluid cavity is provided with an exhaust hole, the exhaust hole passes through the top surface of the first die body and is connected to the outside world, the upper part of the fluid cavity is provided with a feed hole, the feed hole penetrates the top surface of the first die body to form a feed inlet, The lower end of the gasket is provided with three independent shaping notches corresponding to the fluid cavity at different widths. The rear shape of the shaping notch is adapted to the outer contour of the fluid cavity. The front width of the shaping notch corresponds to the lower width of the fluid cavity. The inner side surface of the second mold body is a plane. After the first mold body and the second mold body are combined, the front area of ​​the shaping notch forms an extrusion channel. The coating gap of the extrusion channel is the thickness of the gasket. The front end of the gasket is located on the left and right sides of the shaping notch, respectively, and tension balancing grooves are provided. Tension balancing grooves are provided at corresponding positions at the lower ends of the die lips of the first mold body and the second mold body.

[0006] Preferably, the three fluid channels are arranged equidistantly along the first mold body width direction.

[0007] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the tension balance groove is quadrilateral, with a width a and a height b, wherein a ranges from 5 to 10 mm, and b ranges from 1 to 5 mm.

[0008] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the tension balance groove is isosceles trapezoidal.

[0009] Preferably, the three fluid channels are connected with three independent feeding devices, or with the same feeding device, or are integrated into one feeding hole and then connected with one feeding device.

[0010] Preferably, the top surfaces of the left and right sides of the first mold body and the second mold body are connected with locking modules, the front part of the locking module is connected with the first mold body through front-row screws, and the rear part of the locking module is connected with the second mold body through rear-row screws.

[0011] Preferably, the top surface of the first mold body is connected with left, middle and right feeding blocks through screws, the top part of the feeding block is provided with a feeding connector and an exhaust connector, the feeding connector is connected with the feeding hole, and the exhaust connector is connected with the exhaust hole.

[0012] The present application can realize simultaneous coating of three pieces of crystalline silicon substrates, and improve the production efficiency of industrial coating of perovskite-crystalline silicon stacked batteries. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present application; Figure 2 is an exploded view of Figure 1 Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of another perspective of the present application; Figure 4 is an exploded view of Figure 3 Figure 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the first mold body and the gasket after assembly in the present application; Figure 6 is a flow channel front view of the present application; Figure 7 is a partial enlarged view of A in Figure 6 Figure 8 is a structural schematic diagram of coating raw materials on the top surface of the crystalline plate (without setting a tension balance groove); Figure 9 is a structural schematic diagram of coating raw materials on the top surface of the crystalline plate in the present application (after setting a tension balance groove); ​​​Among them: 1—first mold body; 11—fluid cavity; 12—exhaust hole; 13—feed hole; 2—second mold body; 3—gasket; 31—forming notch; 4—locking bolt; 5—die lip; 6—extrusion channel; 7—tension balancing groove; 8—locking module; 9—feed block; 91—feed connector; 92—exhaust connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides a laminated perovskite coating die head, comprising a first die body 1, a second die body 2 and a gasket 3 located therebetween, wherein the first die body 1, the second die body 2 and the gasket 3 are connected as a whole by a locking bolt 4, and the inner regions of the lower ends of the first die body 1 and the second die body 2 extend downward to form a die lip 5, and the first die body 1 is provided with three independent and identical fluid cavities 11 at different width positions, and an exhaust hole 12 is provided at the top of the fluid cavity 11, and the exhaust hole 12 passes through the top surface of the first die body 1 and is connected to the outside world, and a feed hole 13 is provided on the upper part of the fluid cavity 11, and the feed hole 13 penetrates the top surface of the first die body 1 to form a feed port, and the gasket 3, three independent shaping notches 31 corresponding to the fluid cavity 11 are provided at different widths at the lower end. The rear shape of the shaping notch 31 is adapted to the outer contour of the fluid cavity 11, and the front width of the shaping notch 31 corresponds to the lower width of the fluid cavity 11. The inner side surface of the second mold body 2 is a plane. After the first mold body 1 and the second mold body 2 are molded together, the front area of ​​the shaping notch 31 forms an extrusion channel 6. The coating gap of the extrusion channel 6 is the thickness of the gasket 3. The front end of the gasket 3 is provided with tension balancing grooves 7 on the left and right sides of the shaping notch 31, respectively. The tension balancing grooves 7 are provided at corresponding positions at the lower ends of the die lips 5 of the first mold body 1 and the second mold body 2.

[0016] In the above solution, the three fluid channels 11 are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the first mold body 1 .

[0017] In addition, the cross-sectional shape of the tension balancing groove 7 is a quadrilateral, wherein the width is a and the height is b, the range of a is 5-10 mm, and the range of b is 1-5 mm.

[0018] Specifically, the cross-sectional shape of the tension balancing groove 7 is an isosceles trapezoid.

[0019] Specifically, the feed holes 13 of the three fluid cavities 11 are externally connected to three independent feed devices; or externally connected to the same feed device; or integrated into one feed hole through an insert and then externally connected to one feed device.

[0020] In addition, the top surfaces on the left and right sides of the first mold body 1 and the second mold body 2 are connected to a locking module 8. The front of the locking module 8 is connected to the first mold body 1 through a front row of screws, and the rear of the locking module 8 is connected to the second mold body 2 through a rear row of screws.

[0021] Furthermore, the top surface of the first mold body 1 is connected to three feed blocks 9 on the left, middle and right by screws, and a feed connector 91 and an exhaust connector 92 are provided on the top of the feed block 9. The feed connector 91 is connected to the feed hole 13, and the exhaust connector 92 is connected to the exhaust hole 12.

[0022] In addition, during coating production, in order to ensure that the slurry flow rate of the three flow channels tends to be consistent, there are three main factors that affect the flow rate of the three flow channels: first, the flow channel processing error, the three independent flow channels cannot be completely consistent during the processing; second, the metering pump error, the difference in pumping pressure leads to inconsistent slurry flow rate; third, the error in the distance between the metering pump and the mold body.

[0023] The corresponding solution is: during the design of the die head, multiphase fluid simulation technology is used to optimize the flow channel design and reduce the factors that affect the flow rate in the flow channel. During the processing and manufacturing process, strict processing inspection and product factory inspection are implemented to ensure that the key technical dimensions are within the qualified tolerance range.

[0024] In the present invention, due to the unbalanced surface tension at the edges of the coating liquid, the coating liquid forms small liquid beads at the edge position, and the edge shows a thick edge effect, such as Figure 7 The present invention provides a solution to this problem: a tension balancing groove 8 is opened at the lip to apply a pulling force to the slurry to balance the surface tension and eliminate the thick edge effect. Figure 9 shown.

[0025] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: The slurry enters through the feed holes 13. The flow rate of the slurry entering the fluid channel 11 from the three feed holes 13 is controlled. After the slurry in the three fluid channels 11 spreads downward and fills the entire fluid channel 11, it flows along the shaping notch 31 into the extrusion channel 6 and is extruded downward through the die lip 5. The die head is controlled to move linearly and at a constant speed, evenly coating the slurry on the crystal plate below. The three lower crystal plates are coated simultaneously during this process. During this process, the provision of the tension balance groove 7 effectively eliminates the small liquid beads formed on the left and right ends of the slurry outlet, ensuring that the slurry is evenly and evenly coated on the crystal plate surface, ensuring coating quality.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the invention. Any simple modification, equivalent change or modification made to the above embodiment based on the technical principle of the present invention still falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A laminated perovskite coating die head, comprising a first die body (1), a second die body (2) and a gasket (3) located therebetween, wherein the first die body (1), the second die body (2) and the gasket (3) are connected as a whole via a locking bolt (4), and the inner side areas of the lower ends of the first die body (1) and the second die body (2) extend downward to form a die lip (5), characterized in that: The first mold body (1) is provided with three independent and identical fluid cavities (11) at different width positions, the top of the fluid cavity (11) is provided with an exhaust hole (12), the exhaust hole (12) passes through the top surface of the first mold body (1) and is connected to the outside, the upper part of the fluid cavity (11) is provided with a feed hole (13), the feed hole (13) penetrates the top surface of the first mold body (1) to form a feed port, and the lower end of the gasket (3) is provided with three independent shaping notches (31) corresponding to the fluid cavity (11) at different width positions, and the rear shape of the shaping notch (31) is the same as that of the fluid cavity (11). The outer contour shapes are adapted to each other, the front width of the shaping notch (31) corresponds to the lower width of the fluid cavity (11), the inner side surface of the second mold body (2) is a plane, and the front area of ​​the shaping notch (31) forms an extrusion channel (6) after the first mold body (1) and the second mold body (2) are molded together, and the coating gap of the extrusion channel (6) is the thickness of the gasket (3), and the front end of the gasket (3) is respectively provided with tension balancing grooves (7) on the left and right sides of the shaping notch (31), and the tension balancing grooves (7) are both provided at the corresponding positions at the lower ends of the die lips (5) of the first mold body (1) and the second mold body (2).

2. The laminated perovskite coating die head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three fluid cavities (11) are arranged at equal intervals along the width direction of the first mold body (1).

3. The laminated perovskite coating die head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the tension balancing groove (7) is a quadrilateral, wherein the width is a and the height is b, the range of a is 5-10 mm, and the range of b is 1-5 mm.

4. The laminated perovskite coating die head according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-sectional shape of the tension balancing groove (7) is an isosceles trapezoid.

5. The laminated perovskite coating die head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed holes (13) of the three fluid cavities (11) are externally connected to three independent feed devices; or externally connected to the same feed device; or integrated into one feed hole through an insert and then externally connected to one feed device.

6. The laminated perovskite coating die head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surfaces on both the left and right sides of the first mold body (1) and the second mold body (2) are connected to locking modules (8); the front of the locking module (8) is connected to the first mold body (1) via a front row of screws, and the rear of the locking module (8) is connected to the second mold body (2) via a rear row of screws.

7. The laminated perovskite coating die head according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the first mold body (1) is connected to three feed blocks (9) on the left, middle and right sides by screws. A feed connector (91) and an exhaust connector (92) are provided on the top of the feed block (9). The feed connector (91) is connected to the feed hole (13), and the exhaust connector (92) is connected to the exhaust hole (12).

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