Textile fabric laser cutting device

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of laser cutting equipment, and particularly relates to a textile fabric laser cutting equipment, which comprises a machine tool, a cross beam frame and a machine base, the machine base is provided with a laser generator, the laser generator is provided with a pre-pressure mechanism, the pre-pressure mechanism comprises a sleeve and a floating block, the periphery of the floating block is provided with a rotating shaft and a bending support at each notch position, the lower end of each bending support is provided with a roller for flattening fabric wrinkles and a gas injection mechanism in the roller, and the gas injection mechanism comprises a gas cavity and an intermittent trigger assembly. In the process of laser cutting of the stacked fabric, the pre-pressure can be applied to the local fabric near the heat source along with the movement of the laser generator, the wrinkles are smoothed and the interlayer displacement is realized, and the cooling airflow is started to form the air film on the upper and lower layers of the fabric. Through the rapid cooling treatment, the double closed-loop control of'mechanical pre-pressure + air film heat insulation' is realized to block the heat conduction path and improve the problem of uneven cutting caused by the shrinkage of the lower layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of laser cutting equipment technology, specifically a laser cutting equipment for textile fabrics. Background Technology

[0002] Laser cutting equipment is an automated device that uses a high-energy-density laser beam to cut various materials (such as textiles, leather, plastics, and paper). It features high precision, high speed, and non-contact processing. Its core working principle is to use the high temperature generated by focusing the laser beam to instantly melt, vaporize, or bring the material to its ignition point, thus achieving cutting. It mainly includes a laser generation system, an optical transmission and focusing system, a mechanical motion system, an auxiliary gas system, and a control system.

[0003] During the cutting process, for single-layer fabrics, it is only necessary to unfold the fabric and keep it flat to avoid wrinkles affecting the cutting accuracy and positioning. For stacked fabrics, the fabric needs to be laid out layer by layer, and the edges of each layer need to be aligned to avoid wrinkles. The workbench scale lines or positioning baffles are also used to assist in limiting the edge of the fabric. Transparent tape is usually used between the layers of fabric to limit the stacked layers and prevent temporary slippage. However, transparent tape will leave residue, and it can only be applied to the edge of the fabric (away from the heat source). It cannot limit the wrinkles in the heat source area. Therefore, when laser cutting stacked fabrics, especially for heat-sensitive materials or thin fabrics, the lower layer of fabric is prone to shrinkage and wrinkles due to heat, resulting in uneven cutting accuracy (essentially due to the accumulation of heat conduction and the difference in interlayer stress, which cannot guarantee the consistency between layers). Moreover, the accumulation of interlayer displacement means that the more layers are stacked, the greater the cutting deviation between the bottom and top layers, which cannot ensure the quality of the finished product.

[0004] To address the issue of deviations in the cutting process caused by localized wrinkles in the lower fabric, manual trimming is usually performed after laser cutting. However, manual trimming is difficult to guarantee consistency, the trimming error is uncontrollable, and the trimming accuracy depends on the experience of the staff, which may result in "over-trimming" or "under-trimming". In addition, manual trimming is time-consuming and costly. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser cutting device for textile fabrics to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows:

[0007] A laser cutting device for textile fabrics includes a machine tool, a crossbeam frame, and a base movable along three axes (X, Y, and Z). The crossbeam frame is slidably connected to the machine tool. A laser generator is mounted on the base, and a pre-pressure mechanism is mounted on the laser generator. The pre-pressure mechanism includes a sleeve and a floating block, which are slidably connected. A rotating shaft and a bending bracket on the rotating shaft are provided at the notches around the floating block. Each bending bracket has a roller for pressing and pleating the fabric and an air jet mechanism inside the roller at its lower end. The air jet mechanism includes an air chamber, one end of which has an air outlet, and the air outlet is covered with an intermittent triggering component, which can intermittently jet the fabric.

[0008] Preferably, the intermittent triggering component includes a cover, a movable plate, and a guide plate with a wavy surface on one side. The movable plate moves linearly within the cover, and the guide plate is fitted around the outside of the air outlet. A plug is provided at the center of the movable plate, and the plug and the air outlet are located on the same central axis of the air chamber. Multiple balls are equally spaced at the circular holes of the movable plate, and the balls move along the wavy surface of the guide plate. When the balls move to the crest of the wavy surface, the plug disengages from the air outlet to release air, and when the balls move to the trough of the wavy surface, the plug inserts into the air outlet to stop the air flow.

[0009] Preferably, the intermittent triggering component further includes a limiting plate, which is located on the moving plate and limits the movement of the ball bearings.

[0010] Preferably, a first spring is provided at the interface position on one side of the plug, and the end of the first spring away from the plug is connected to one side of the inner wall of the cover.

[0011] Preferably, the inner wall of the cover is provided with a plurality of limiting grooves at equal intervals, each limiting groove is slidably connected to a limiting slider, and the limiting slider is disposed on the outer edge of the moving plate.

[0012] Preferably, the air inlet end of the air chamber is threadedly connected to an air inlet connector, the air inlet connector is provided with an air inlet bend, and the air inlet connector is connected to the interface on the lower side of the bending bracket.

[0013] Preferably, a shaft seal is provided between the air chamber and the roller, and the shaft seal is located on the air inlet side of the air chamber. Multiple air outlet holes are arranged around the roller at equal intervals. An end cap is provided at one end of the roller, and a mounting bracket is provided on the end cap. The mounting bracket and the cover are connected by screws. The end cap and the interface on the other side of the lower end of the bending bracket are rotatably connected.

[0014] Preferably, a torsion spring is provided in the annular groove on both sides of the upper end of each bending bracket, and the two lever arms of the torsion spring are respectively inserted into the circular holes at the notches of the corresponding bending bracket and floating block.

[0015] Preferably, a second spring is provided between the floating block and the sleeve.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] (1) By setting up a machine tool, a crossbeam frame, a machine base, a laser generator, a pre-pressure mechanism and an air jet mechanism, during the laser cutting of stacked fabrics, as the hook generator moves down along the Z-axis, the rollers located in the four directions will first contact the fabric and roll in the four directions to flatten the wrinkles, ensuring that the area around the initial laser entry point is flat, speeding up the initial cutting progress, avoiding the problem of larger subsequent offset caused by small deviations in the entry point, thereby improving the accuracy of subsequent cutting. The rollers move horizontally on the fabric along the direction of the laser generator, for example, moving in the X-axis direction. Since the laser generator is located between two rollers in the X-axis direction, during the movement, there is always one roller in front of the path to be cut by the laser generator, thereby applying pre-pressure to the local fabric near the heat source as the laser generator moves, smoothing out the wrinkles, and limiting the displacement between fabric layers.

[0018] Through the coordinated operation of the air chamber, air outlet, air inlet connector, air inlet bend, shaft seal, roller, and air outlet, pre-pressure is applied to the stacked fabric while simultaneously activating the cooling airflow, thereby forming an air film (such as...) between the upper and lower layers of the fabric. Figure 8 The material undergoes rapid cooling. The upper air film disperses the smoke, irritating odors, and fine dust generated during cutting, preventing them from embedding into the fabric. The inert gas (such as nitrogen) blown in also inhibits oxidation, reduces carbonization, and makes the edges smoother, improving product quality and avoiding the problem of excessive carbonization. The lower air film blocks heat conduction from the upper layer, reducing deformation and wrinkling of the lower fabric caused by temperature changes. It also prevents the cut edges of the lower fabric from sticking together, causing molten fibers to adhere and making separation difficult.

[0019] This invention uses a dual closed-loop control system of "mechanical pre-compression + air film insulation" to block the heat conduction path, ensuring "interlayer consistency" and better balancing cutting efficiency and quality. By regulating thermal energy and managing interlayer stress, it can significantly improve the problem of uneven cutting caused by lower layer shrinkage. In particular, it can meet the high-precision requirements of mass production of mid-to-high-end clothing and home textile fabrics, ensuring the qualification rate of finished products and the long-term stable operation of equipment. Compared with traditional manual trimming methods, it saves time and labor, reduces labor costs, and avoids the problems of "over-trimming" or "under-trimming".

[0020] (2) This invention, by setting up a cover, a limiting groove, a moving plate, a limiting slider, a guide plate, a ball bearing, a plug, a limiting plate, and a first spring, allows the ball bearing to perform circular motion on the wavy surface of the guide plate during the rotation of the drum, i.e., when the laser generator moves to cut. This causes the moving plate to move linearly back and forth along the central axis of the gas cavity. When the ball bearing moves to the crest of the wavy surface, the plug disengages from the gas outlet to release gas; when the ball bearing moves to the trough of the wavy surface, the plug inserts into the gas outlet to stop the gas flow. Thus, an intermittent gas release mode is achieved during the cutting process, reducing the gas flow. The friction between the airflow and the fabric avoids safety issues caused by static electricity accumulation (continuous airflow may lead to static electricity accumulation), while also reducing energy consumption and lowering costs to some extent. Furthermore, when the roller is not rotating, i.e., when the laser generator stops cutting, the ball bearings cannot be supported by the crests, so they roll into the troughs under the action of the first spring and become static. At this time, the plug blocks the air outlet, which automatically shuts it off, realizing the "on-demand supply" mode of protective gas. This achieves multi-objective optimization of reducing equipment energy consumption, maintenance costs, and process stability while ensuring cutting quality.

[0021] The present invention will be explained in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the pre-pressure mechanism on the laser generator of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of the pre-pressure mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the drum of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is an exploded structural diagram of the intermittent triggering component of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the end cap structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the air cavity structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the airflow direction between fabric layers under the action of the roller in this invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Machine tool; 2. Crossbeam frame; 3. Machine base; 4. Laser generator; 5. Pre-pressure mechanism; 51. Sleeve; 52. Floating block; 53. Rotary shaft; 54. Bending bracket; 55. Roller; 551. Air outlet; 56. End cover; 561. Mounting bracket; 57. Torsion spring; 58. Second spring; 6. Air jet mechanism; 61. Air chamber; 611. Air outlet; 62. Air inlet connector; 63. Air inlet bend; 64. Shaft seal; 7. Intermittent trigger assembly; 71. Cover; 711. Limiting slide groove; 72. Moving plate; 721. Limiting slider; 73. Guide plate; 74. Ball bearing; 75. Plug; 76. Limiting plate; 77. First spring. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the present invention will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate several embodiments of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described in the text. Rather, these embodiments are provided to make the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and complete.

[0032] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0033] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly associated with those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the specification of this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0034] Example 1

[0035] Please refer to the following carefully. Figure 1-8A laser cutting device for textile fabrics includes a machine tool 1, a crossbeam frame 2, and a base 3 that can move along three axes: X, Y, and Z. The crossbeam frame 2 is slidably connected to the machine tool 1. A laser generator 4 is installed on the base 3. A pre-pressure mechanism 5 is installed on the laser generator 4. The pre-pressure mechanism 5 includes a sleeve 51 and a floating block 52. The sleeve 51 and the floating block 52 are slidably connected. A rotating shaft 53 and a bending bracket 54 on the rotating shaft 53 are installed at the notch positions around the floating block 52. A roller 55 for pressing and wrinkling the fabric and an air jet mechanism 6 are installed inside the roller 55. The air jet mechanism 6 includes an air chamber 61. An air outlet 611 is provided at one end of the air chamber 61. An intermittent triggering component 7 is covered on the air outlet 611 to intermittently spray air onto the fabric.

[0036] Through the above structure, during the laser cutting of stacked fabrics, pre-pressure can be applied to local fabrics near the heat source as the laser generator 4 moves, smoothing out wrinkles and limiting displacement between fabric layers. Simultaneously, cooling airflow is activated to form an air film between the upper and lower layers of the fabric for rapid cooling. This achieves a dual closed-loop control of "mechanical pre-pressure + air film insulation" to block the heat conduction path, ensuring "interlayer consistency" and better balancing cutting efficiency and quality. By regulating thermal energy and managing interlayer stress, the problem of uneven cutting caused by lower layer shrinkage can be significantly improved. It is especially suitable for the high-precision requirements of mass production of mid-to-high-end clothing and home textile fabrics, ensuring the qualification rate of finished products and long-term stable operation of equipment. Compared with traditional manual trimming methods, it saves time and labor, reduces labor costs, and avoids the problems of "over-trimming" or "under-trimming".

[0037] The specific operation is as follows: During the cutting process of the stacked fabric, the laser generator 4 first moves downward along the Z-axis. The rollers 55 located in the four directions will first contact the fabric and roll in the four directions to flatten the wrinkles, ensuring that the area around the initial laser entry point is flat. Then, the laser generator 4 aligns with the entry point and begins laser cutting. During the movement, for example, moving in the X-axis direction, since the laser generator 4 is located between the two rollers 55 in the X-axis direction, one roller 55 is always in front of the path to be cut by the laser generator 4, rolling and applying pressure (at this time, the two rollers 55 in the Y-axis direction are in a sliding state with the fabric; if moving along the Y-axis, the two rollers 55 in the X-axis direction are in a sliding state).

[0038] Simultaneously, air is injected into the air chamber 61 through the air inlet bend 63 and air inlet connector 62. Due to the rotation of the roller 55 in the X-axis direction, the moving plate 72 inside the cover 71 will rotate through the mounting bracket 561 on the end cover 56, causing the ball 74 to move in a circular motion on the annular wave surface on the guide plate 73. This causes the moving plate 72 to move back and forth linearly in the central axis direction of the air chamber 61. When the ball 74 moves to the crest of the wave surface, the moving plate 72 drives the plug 75 to disengage from the air outlet 611 to release air. When the ball 74 rotates to the trough of the wave surface under the action of the first spring 77, the plug 75 inserts into the air outlet 611. When the gas supply is stopped, intermittent gas release is achieved. The gas is discharged from the outlet 611 and enters the space formed by the end cover 56, shaft seal 64, outer wall of air chamber 61 and inner wall of roller 55. Then it is ejected from the outlet 551, blocking heat conduction (at this time, the two rollers 55 in the Y-axis direction slide on the fabric and do not rotate, so no gas is released, thus not interfering with the gas in the X-axis direction, which is not conducive to blowing away the smoke, and vice versa). After the cutting stops, since the crest cannot support the ball 74, the ball 74 will roll into the trough under the action of the first spring 77 and become static. At this time, the plug 75 blocks the outlet 611 and automatically closes.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] Please refer to the following carefully. Figure 3 , 4 A shaft seal 64 is provided between the air chamber 61 and the roller 55, and the shaft seal 64 is located on the air inlet side of the air chamber 61. Multiple air outlets 551 are evenly spaced around the roller 55. An end cap 56 is provided at one end of the roller 55. After the gas exits from the air outlet 611, it enters the space formed by the shaft seal 64, the end cap 56, the outer wall of the air chamber 61, and the inner wall of the roller 55. A mounting bracket 561 is provided on the end cap 56, and the mounting bracket 561 is connected to the cover 71 by screws. The end cap 56 and the interface on the other side of the lower end of the bending bracket 54 are rotatably connected. Under the action of the shaft seal 64, the roller 55 is stabilized on the air chamber 61. The roller 55 rotates, and the moving plate 72 on the cover 71 will rotate through the end cover 56 and the mounting bracket 561. Since the guide plate 73 is located on the air cavity 61 and does not rotate, the ball 74 can move on the wavy surface of the guide plate 73. Each bending bracket 54 is provided with a torsion spring 57 in the annular groove on both sides of the upper end. The two lever arms of the torsion spring 57 are respectively inserted into the circular holes at the notches of the corresponding bending bracket 54 and floating block 52. A second spring 58 is provided between the floating block 52 and the sleeve 51. Through the torsion spring 57 and the second spring 58, the floating block 52 and the bending bracket 54 are reset when the laser generator 4 moves up along the Z-axis.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] Please refer to the following carefully. Figure 5 and7 The intermittent triggering assembly 7 includes a cover 71, a movable plate 72, and a guide plate 73 with a wavy surface on one side. The movable plate 72 moves linearly within the cover 71. The guide plate 73 is fitted around the outside of the air outlet 611. A plug 75 is positioned at the center of the movable plate 72. The plug 75 and the air outlet 611 are located on the same central axis of the air chamber 61. Multiple balls 74 are evenly spaced at the circular holes of the movable plate 72, and the balls 74 move along the wavy surface of the guide plate 73. When the balls 74 move to the crest of the wavy surface, the plug 75 disengages. Air is released through the vent 611; when the ball 74 moves to the trough of the wave surface, the plug 75 inserts into the vent 611 to stop the air flow; the ball 74 moves in a circular motion on the annular wave surface of the guide plate 73, causing the moving plate 72 to drive the plug 75 to reciprocate linearly along the central axis of the air chamber 61, thus achieving intermittent air release; the intermittent triggering component 7 also includes a limiting plate 76, which is located on the moving plate 72 and limits and abuts the ball 74. The limiting plate 76 limits the ball 74, preventing the ball 74 from being stopped. 4. The ball 74 moves along the central axis of the air chamber 61; a first spring 77 is provided at the interface position on one side of the plug 75, and the end of the first spring 77 away from the plug 75 is connected to the inner wall of the cover 71. Through the first spring 77, the ball 74 is moved close to the wavy surface of the guide plate 73. Multiple limiting grooves 711 are equally spaced around the inner wall of the cover 71. Each limiting groove 711 is slidably connected to a limiting slider 721, and the limiting slider 721 is set on the outer edge of the moving plate 72. The limiting slider 721 and the limiting slider 721 are connected to the limiting slider 721. The cooperation between the sliding grooves 711 enables the linear movement of the movable plate 72 within the cover 71; the air inlet end of the air chamber 61 is threadedly connected to an air inlet connector 62, which is equipped with an air inlet bend 63, and the air inlet connector 62 is connected to the interface on the lower side of the bending bracket 54. Through the cooperation between the air inlet connector 62 and the air inlet bend 63, the protective gas is introduced, and the air inlet connector 62 and the interface on one end of the bending bracket 54 are locked together, which can be welded or bolted for positioning, so that the air chamber 61 does not rotate.

[0043] The present invention has been described by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-described manner. Any non-substantial improvement made by adopting the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution of the present invention to other occasions without modification, shall be within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A textile fabric laser cutting device, comprising a machine tool (1), a cross beam frame (2) and a machine base (3) capable of moving along X, Y and Z three-axis directions, the cross beam frame (2) is slidingly connected on the machine tool (1), and a laser generator (4) is arranged on the machine base (3), characterized in that, The pre-pressure mechanism (5) is arranged on the laser generator (4), and comprises a sleeve (51) and a floating block (52), the sleeve (51) and the floating block (52) are in sliding connection, the floating block (52) is provided with a rotating shaft (53) and a bending support (54) on the rotating shaft (53) at the position of the notch around the floating block (52), the lower end of each bending support (54) is provided with a roller (55) for flattening fabric wrinkles and a gas injection mechanism (6) in the roller (55), the gas injection mechanism (6) comprises a gas cavity (61), one end of the gas cavity (61) is provided with a gas outlet (611), and the gas outlet (611) is covered with an intermittent trigger assembly (7), so that the fabric can be intermittently sprayed. The intermittent trigger assembly (7) comprises a cover body (71), a moving plate (72) and a guide disc (73) with a wavy curved surface on one side surface, the moving plate (72) moves linearly in the cover body (71), the guide disc (73) is sleeved outside the gas outlet (611), the center position of the moving plate (72) is provided with a plug (75), the plug (75) and the gas outlet (611) are located on the same central axis of the gas cavity (61), a plurality of balls (74) are arranged at equal intervals at the circular hole position of the moving plate (72), and the balls (74) move along the wavy curved surface of the guide disc (73), when the balls (74) move to the wave crest of the wavy curved surface, the plug (75) is separated from the gas outlet (611) to stop gas, and when the balls (74) move to the wave trough of the wavy curved surface, the plug (75) is inserted into the gas outlet (611) to stop gas. The intermittent trigger assembly (7) further comprises a limiting disc (76), the limiting disc (76) is located on the moving plate (72) and limits the balls (74) from abutting; A first spring (77) is arranged at the interface position on one side of the plug (75), and one end of the first spring (77) away from the plug (75) is connected with one side of the inner wall of the cover body (71); A plurality of limiting sliding grooves (711) are arranged at equal intervals on the inner wall of the cover body (71), each limiting sliding groove (711) is in sliding connection with a limiting sliding block (721), and the limiting sliding block (721) is arranged on the outer edge of the moving plate (72); An air inlet connector (62) is threadedly connected to the air inlet end of the gas cavity (61), the air inlet connector (62) is provided with an air inlet elbow (63), and the air inlet connector (62) is connected with the interface on one side of the lower end of the bending support (54); An axle seal (64) is arranged between the gas cavity (61) and the roller (55), and the axle seal (64) is located on one side of the air inlet end of the gas cavity (61), a plurality of air outlets (551) are arranged at equal intervals on the roller (55), an end cover (56) is arranged at one end of the roller (55), the end cover (56) is provided with a mounting frame (561), the mounting frame (561) and the cover body (71) are connected through screws, and the end cover (56) and the interface on the other side of the lower end of the bending support (54) are in rotary connection.

2. The textile fabric laser cutting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, A torsion spring (57) is arranged in the annular groove on both sides of the upper end of each said bending support (54), and the two force arms of the torsion spring (57) are respectively inserted into the round holes in the gaps of the corresponding bending support (54) and floating block (52).

3. The textile fabric laser cutting apparatus according to claim 2, wherein, A second spring (58) is arranged between the floating block (52) and the sleeve (51).

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