Airtightness dynamic regulation and control method for multi-layer composite structure of passive door and window

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for dynamically regulating and controlling the air tightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window, and relates to the technical field of passive constructions.According to the method, an intelligent regulating and controlling assembly is arranged in the multi-layer composite structure of the passive door and window, and in combination with an environment parameter monitoring and feedback mechanism, the air tightness of the door and window is dynamically and accurately regulated; the sealing degree between the inner-layer glass and the outer-layer glass is automatically adjusted according to real-time data of outdoor wind speed, temperature, humidity and indoor and outdoor pressure difference through the synergistic effect of layered pressure difference induction and the self-adaptive sealing unit, the energy-saving effect of a passive building is guaranteed, meanwhile, the indoor ventilation requirement is met, and the energy-saving effect of the passive building is achieved. The problems that a traditional passive door and window is fixed in air tightness and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to environmental changes are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of passive buildings, and in particular to a method for dynamically controlling the air tightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window. Background Art

[0002] Passive buildings are increasingly being used in the construction industry due to their high energy-saving performance. As an important component of passive buildings, the airtightness of passive doors and windows is a key factor affecting building energy efficiency and indoor environmental quality. Currently, existing passive doors and windows typically utilize multi-layer composite structures to improve airtightness, but these airtightness levels are often fixed. However, the outdoor environment is constantly changing, with seasonal temperature fluctuations and varying wind speeds. Fixed airtightness levels make it difficult to simultaneously meet energy conservation and indoor ventilation requirements. In winter, higher airtightness is required to minimize heat loss. However, in spring and autumn, appropriately reducing airtightness for ventilation can improve indoor air quality, making fixed high airtightness levels too rigid. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the existing technology, the present invention provides a method for dynamically controlling the air tightness of a multi-layer composite structure of passive doors and windows, which effectively solves the problem that the air tightness of traditional passive doors and windows is fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to environmental changes.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A method for dynamically controlling the airtightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door or window, wherein the multi-layer composite structure comprises an outer layer of glass, a middle layer of insulation, an inner layer of glass, and a sealing assembly capable of controlling the relative movement of the inner and outer layers of glass to dynamically control the airtightness. The method comprises the following steps: S1. Environmental Parameter Monitoring: Wind speed sensors, temperature sensors, and humidity sensors are installed on the exterior of passive doors and windows, and pressure sensors are installed indoors and outdoors. These sensors collect real-time data on outdoor wind speed, temperature, humidity, indoor pressure, and outdoor pressure, and transmit this data to the control unit. S2. Data Processing and Analysis: The control unit receives data from the aforementioned sensors, calculates the indoor-outdoor pressure difference, and analyzes the data using a pre-set algorithm to determine the required airtightness level. S3. Sealing assembly control: Based on the determined airtightness level, the control unit issues control instructions to the sealing assembly, which includes a drive component and air-permeable partition glass provided in the middle insulation layer; S4. Feedback and fine-tuning: After the sealing component is adjusted, the pressure sensor collects indoor and outdoor pressure data again, and the control unit fine-tunes the sealing component based on the new pressure difference data.

[0005] In step S2, the airtightness level is divided into three levels: high, medium and low, corresponding to different sealing degrees. In step S2, when the outdoor wind speed is high or the temperature is too low or too high, a high air tightness level tends to be selected. When the outdoor environment is suitable and ventilation is required, a medium or low air tightness level is selected. When the indoor and outdoor pressure difference is too large, the air tightness level is adjusted accordingly to balance the pressure. In step S3, when a high airtightness level is required, the driving component drives the outer glass and the inner glass to move toward each other to reduce the distance, so that the gap through the middle insulation layer becomes smaller. When the airtightness level needs to be lowered, the driving component drives the outer glass and the inner glass to move toward each other to increase the distance, thereby increasing the gap through the middle insulation layer.

[0006] In step S3, the upper and lower ends of the outer glass and the inner glass are respectively slidably provided with an upper mounting plate and a lower mounting plate installed in the wall, the driving component includes a motor arranged on the upper end of the upper mounting plate, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to a spur gear, the two ends of the spur gear are respectively engaged with a first rack and a second rack, one end of the first rack and the second rack are respectively provided with a pin plate slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper mounting plate, and the pin plates are respectively installed on the outer glass and the inner glass.

[0007] The partition glass is sealed and fixedly installed between the upper mounting plate and the lower mounting plate, and a plurality of air holes are evenly arranged on the partition glass.

[0008] The control unit adopts a microprocessor. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: According to the determined air tightness level, the control unit sends a control instruction to the sealing component, the motor starts to work, and the output end of the motor drives the spur gear to rotate. During the rotation, the spur gear drives the first rack and the second rack at both ends to move toward each other. The first rack and the second rack drive the inner glass and the outer glass to move toward each other and outward through the pin plate, and then according to the air tightness level, the size of the gap between the inner glass and the outer glass is adjusted. The air enters the room from the opening of the outer glass through the air vents on the partition glass and the opening of the inner glass, and then the air tightness between indoor and outdoor is dynamically adjusted, which effectively solves the problem that the air tightness of traditional passive doors and windows is fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to environmental changes. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a wall of a method for dynamically controlling airtightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window according to the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the inner glass and outer glass of a method for dynamically controlling the airtightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window according to the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a driving component of a method for dynamically controlling airtightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window according to the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the partition glass of a method for dynamically controlling the airtightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window according to the present invention; In the figure: 1. Wall, 2. Outer glass, 3. Lower mounting plate, 4. Sealing plate, 5. Inner glass, 6. Motor, 7. Fixing plate, 8. Upper mounting plate, 9. Pin plate, 10. Second rack, 11. Spur gear, 12. First rack, 13. Partition glass, 14. Air vent, 15. Pressure sensor, 16. Wind speed sensor, 17. Temperature sensor, 18. Humidity sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0010] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a method for dynamically controlling the airtightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window is provided. The multi-layer composite structure of the passive door and window includes an outer layer of glass 2, a middle layer of insulation, an inner layer of glass 5, and a sealing assembly capable of controlling the relative movement of the inner layer of glass 5 and the outer layer of glass 2 to dynamically control the airtightness. The method includes the following steps: S1. Environmental parameter monitoring: Wind speed sensors 16, temperature sensors 17, and humidity sensors 18 are installed on the outside of passive doors and windows, and pressure sensors 15 are installed indoors and outdoors to collect real-time data on outdoor wind speed, outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity, indoor pressure, and outdoor pressure, and transmit the collected data to the control unit; S2. Data Processing and Analysis: The control unit receives data from the aforementioned sensors, calculates the indoor-outdoor pressure difference, and analyzes the data using a pre-set algorithm to determine the required airtightness level. S3 sealing assembly control: According to the determined airtightness level, the control unit issues a control instruction to the sealing assembly, the sealing assembly includes a drive member and provided at the middle insulation layer and having a breathable compartment glass 13; S4. Feedback and fine-tuning: After the sealing assembly is regulated, the pressure sensor 15 collects indoor and outdoor pressure data again, and the control unit fine-tunes the sealing assembly according to the new pressure difference data.

[0011] In step S2, the airtightness level is divided into three levels: high, medium and low, corresponding to different sealing degrees. In step S2, when the outdoor wind speed is high or the temperature is too low or too high, a high air tightness level tends to be selected. When the outdoor environment is suitable and ventilation is required, a medium or low air tightness level is selected. When the indoor and outdoor pressure difference is too large, the air tightness level is adjusted accordingly to balance the pressure. In step S3, when a high airtightness level is required, the driving component drives the outer glass 2 and the inner glass 5 to move toward each other to reduce the distance, so that the gap through the middle insulation layer becomes smaller. When the airtightness level needs to be lowered, the driving component drives the outer glass 2 and the inner glass 5 to move toward each other to increase the distance, thereby increasing the gap through the middle insulation layer.

[0012] In step S3, the upper and lower ends of the outer glass 2 and the inner glass 5 are respectively slidably provided with an upper mounting plate 8 and a lower mounting plate 3 installed in the wall 1, and the driving component includes a motor 6 arranged at the upper end of the upper mounting plate 8, and the output end of the motor 6 is fixedly connected to a spur gear 11, and the two ends of the spur gear 11 are respectively engaged with a first rack 12 and a second rack 10, and one end of the first rack 12 and the second rack 10 is respectively provided with a pin plate 9 that is slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper mounting plate 8, and the pin plates 9 are respectively installed on the outer glass 2 and the inner glass 5.

[0013] The partition glass 13 is sealed and fixedly installed between the upper mounting plate 8 and the lower mounting plate 3 , and a plurality of air holes 14 are evenly arranged on the partition glass 13 .

[0014] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a fixing plate 7 is provided on the upper end of the upper mounting plate 8, and the fixing plate 7 plays a role in installing the motor 6. A sealing plate 4 fixedly connected to the wall 1 is provided at both ends of the upper mounting plate 8 to seal the gap between the upper mounting plate 8 and the wall 1. When the motor 6 works, the output end of the motor 6 drives the spur gear 11 to rotate. During the rotation process, the spur gear 11 drives the first rack 12 and the second rack 10 at both ends to move toward the two ends. The first rack 12 and the second rack 10 respectively drive the inner glass 5 and the outer glass 5 through the pin plate 9. The layers of glass 2 move outwards toward each other, and then according to the air tightness level, the size of the gap between the inner layer of glass 5 and the outer layer of glass 2 is adjusted. The air enters the room from the opening of the outer layer of glass 2 through the air vents 14 on the partition glass 13 and the opening of the inner layer of glass 5, thereby dynamically adjusting the air tightness between indoor and outdoor. The outdoor air will not be blown into the room directly, but will pass through the middle insulation layer and then enter the room, thus preventing outdoor dust from directly entering the room. The air vents 14 on the partition glass 13 can filter large particles.

[0015] The control unit adopts a microprocessor.

[0016] The working process of the present application is: the wind speed sensor 16, the temperature sensor 17 and the humidity sensor 18 are arranged on the outer side of the passive door and window, the pressure sensors 15 are arranged in the indoor and outdoor respectively, the outdoor wind speed, the outdoor temperature, the outdoor humidity, the indoor pressure and the outdoor pressure data are collected in real time, and the collected data are transmitted to the microprocessor, the microprocessor receives the data transmitted by the above-mentioned sensors, calculates the indoor and outdoor pressure difference, and comprehensively analyzes each item of data according to the preset algorithm to determine the current required air tightness level, in order to eliminate the dimensional difference of different parameters (such as the wind speed unit is m / s, the temperature unit is ℃, and the pressure difference unit is Pa), the original data need to be converted into the standardized score of 0-10, and the conversion formula is as follows: Outdoor wind speed (V): When V≤3m / s, the standardized score = 10-(V / 3)×5 (the score range is 5-10, the lower the wind speed, the more conducive to ventilation, and the higher the score); When 3 When V≥5m / s, the standardized score = 0 (strong wind needs high air tightness). Outdoor temperature (T): When 15℃≤T≤25℃, the standardized score = 10 (most suitable for ventilation); When T When T≤5℃ or T≥30℃, the standardized score = 0 (extreme temperature needs high air tightness).

[0017] Indoor and outdoor pressure difference (ΔP): When ΔP≤20Pa, the standardized score = 10 (pressure balance, suitable for ventilation); When 20 When ΔP≥50Pa, the standardized score = 0 (the pressure difference is too large and needs to be balanced). Outdoor humidity (H): When 40%≤H≤60%, the standardized score = 10 (humidity is suitable); When H When H≤30% or H≥70%, the standardized score = 5 points (humidity deviation is larger but the impact is lower than other parameters). All standardized scores below 0 will be treated as 0. 2. Weight Allocation Rules Different weights are assigned to each parameter according to its influence on airtightness (the total weight is 100%): Outdoor temperature (T): 35% (temperature has the greatest impact on energy loss); Outdoor wind speed (V): 30% (wind speed directly affects air infiltration); Indoor and outdoor pressure difference (ΔP): 25% (pressure difference is a direct reflection of air tightness); Outdoor humidity (H): 10% (humidity has a secondary impact, mainly related to condensation risk). 3. Comprehensive score calculation Comprehensive score = (T standardized score × 35%) + (V standardized score × 30%) + (ΔP standardized score × 25%) + (H standardized score × 10%). For example: Winter operating conditions (Example 1): V = 5 m / s (0 points), T = -5°C (0 points), ΔP = 300 Pa (0 points), H = 60% (10 points), comprehensive score = 0 × 35% + 0 × 30% + 0 × 25% + 10 × 10% = 1 point; Spring and autumn operating conditions (Example 2): V = 2 m / s (8.3 points), T = 20°C (10 points), ΔP = 100 Pa (0 points), H = 50% (10 points), comprehensive score = 8.3 × 30% + 10 × 35% + 0 × 25% + 10 × 10% ≈ 2.5 + 3.5 + 0 + 1 = 7 points. 4. Determination of air tightness level The grade is determined based on the overall score: High airtightness level: comprehensive score ≤ 3 points (the environment is not suitable for ventilation and requires strict sealing); Medium airtightness level: 3<comprehensive score ≤7 points (the environment is basically suitable and moderate ventilation is required); Low airtightness level: comprehensive score > 7 points (suitable environment, sufficient ventilation required).

[0018] According to the determined air tightness level, the control unit sends a control instruction to the sealing component, the motor 6 starts, and the output end of the motor 6 drives the spur gear 11 to rotate. During the rotation, the spur gear 11 drives the first rack 12 and the second rack 10 at both ends to move toward both ends respectively. The first rack 12 and the second rack 10 respectively drive the inner glass 5 and the outer glass 2 to move outward toward each other through the pin plate 9, and then according to the air tightness level, the size of the gap between the inner glass 5 and the outer glass 2 is adjusted. The air enters the room from the opening of the outer glass 2 through the air vents 14 on the partition glass 13 and the opening of the inner glass 5, thereby dynamically adjusting the air tightness between the indoor and outdoor spaces, effectively solving the problem that the air tightness of traditional passive doors and windows is fixed and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to environmental changes.

[0019] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for dynamically controlling the airtightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window, wherein the multi-layer composite structure of the passive door and window comprises an outer layer of glass (2), a middle layer of thermal insulation, an inner layer of glass (5), and a sealing component capable of controlling the relative movement of the inner layer of glass (5) and the outer layer of glass (2) to dynamically control the airtightness, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1. Environmental parameter monitoring: Wind speed sensors (16), temperature sensors (17), and humidity sensors (18) are installed on the outside of passive doors and windows, and pressure sensors (15) are installed indoors and outdoors respectively. These sensors collect outdoor wind speed, outdoor temperature, outdoor humidity, indoor pressure, and outdoor pressure data in real time, and transmit the collected data to a control unit; S2. Data Processing and Analysis: The control unit receives data from the aforementioned sensors, calculates the indoor-outdoor pressure difference, and analyzes the data using a pre-set algorithm to determine the required airtightness level. S3. Sealing component regulation: Based on the determined airtightness level, the control unit issues a regulation instruction to the sealing component, wherein the sealing component includes a driving component and a partition glass (13) provided at the middle insulation layer and having air permeability; S4. Feedback and fine-tuning: After the sealing component is regulated, the pressure sensor (15) collects the indoor and outdoor pressure data again, and the control unit fine-tunes the sealing component according to the new pressure difference data.

2. The method for dynamically controlling the airtightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the airtightness level is divided into three levels: high, medium and low, corresponding to different sealing degrees.

3. The method for dynamically controlling the airtightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, when the outdoor wind speed is high or the temperature is too low or too high, a high air tightness level tends to be selected. When the outdoor environment is suitable and ventilation is required, a medium or low air tightness level is selected. When the indoor and outdoor pressure difference is too large, the air tightness level is adjusted accordingly to balance the pressure.

4. The method for dynamically controlling the airtightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, when a high airtightness level is required, the driving component drives the outer glass (2) and the inner glass (5) to move toward each other to reduce the distance, so that the gap through the middle insulation layer becomes smaller. When the airtightness level needs to be lowered, the driving component drives the outer glass (2) and the inner glass (5) to move toward each other to increase the distance, so that the gap through the middle insulation layer becomes larger.

5. The method for dynamically controlling the airtightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, an upper mounting plate (8) and a lower mounting plate (3) mounted in the wall (1) are respectively slidably provided at the upper and lower ends of the outer glass (2) and the inner glass (5), and the driving component comprises a motor (6) arranged at the upper end of the upper mounting plate (8), an output end of the motor (6) is fixedly connected to a spur gear (11), and two ends of the spur gear (11) are respectively engaged with a first rack (12) and a second rack (10), one end of the first rack (12) and the second rack (10) are respectively provided with a pin plate (9) slidably connected to the inner wall of the upper mounting plate (8), and the pin plates (9) are respectively mounted on the outer glass (2) and the inner glass (5).

6. The method for dynamically controlling the airtightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window according to claim 5, characterized in that: The partition glass (13) is sealed and fixedly installed between the upper mounting plate (8) and the lower mounting plate (3), and a plurality of air holes (14) are evenly arranged on the partition glass (13).

7. The method for dynamically controlling the airtightness of a multi-layer composite structure of a passive door and window according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit adopts a microprocessor.

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