Active lubricating system and high-speed gearbox

Abstract

The active lubricating system comprises a left shell and a right shell which are correspondingly arranged, the left shell and the right shell are provided with a unified oil duct, and the left shell is provided with a first oil outlet, an oil baffle I, an oil guide groove I, an oil guide groove II, a second oil outlet and a first through hole; the right shell is provided with a third oil outlet, an oil baffle plate II, an oil guide groove III, an oil guide groove IV, a fourth oil outlet and a second through hole; the right shell is provided with a sealing plate and a labyrinth structure, the sealing plate and the labyrinth structure are combined to discharge high-temperature gas through the exhaust hole in time, and lubricating oil together with the high-temperature gas is blocked in a gearbox cavity. The overall structure is simplified, the lubricating efficiency and effect are improved, the space size is reduced, the use amount of lubricating oil is reduced, and the use and maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of active lubrication systems, and in particular to an active lubrication system and a high-speed gearbox. Background Art

[0002] During operation, gear meshing friction and bearing rolling friction generate a large amount of heat, causing the temperature to rise rapidly. Excessive temperature can cause damage to gears and bearings. Therefore, oil lubrication is required to reduce friction and heat generation. At the same time, lubricating oil can also carry away some heat, playing a cooling role.

[0003] Common lubrication methods for transmissions include passive and active lubrication. Passive lubrication primarily utilizes the oil churned up by rotating gears, splashing it onto the inner wall of the housing. Properly designed oil storage and guide structures ensure that the oil flows directly to the areas requiring lubrication. While this method offers a simple structure and low cost, it lacks the cooling efficiency of active lubrication and exhibits significant oil churn losses, significantly increasing the transmission's temperature rise and potentially causing failure of critical components like bearings and oil seals due to overheating.

[0004] Active lubrication requires the participation of components such as an oil pump, oil cooler, and oil filter. This reduces churning losses and improves cooling efficiency, making it more suitable for high-speed transmissions. However, in existing technologies, to lubricate the gears and bearings in various locations on the transmission, the lubrication system uses multiple external oil pipes connected to the locations where the gears and bearings are located, and each external oil pipe requires multiple connectors for connection. This lubrication system takes up a large amount of space, and the oil circuit connections are complex, which can easily lead to assembly errors. Furthermore, the large number of connectors reduces connection reliability and increases maintenance costs.

[0005] To address the challenges of active lubrication, existing technologies, such as LiuGong Liuzhou Transmission Co., Ltd.'s invention patent, "Transmission Assembly and Construction Machinery," application number 202410526543.0, incorporate oil guide grooves and oil pipes into the housing to address the complex oil circuits and space requirements. However, this technology still suffers from structural complexity and lacks easy adjustment of lubrication flow and position. Further simplification is needed to reduce maintenance costs and improve lubrication efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Purpose of the invention: In view of the shortcomings and defects of the existing technology, the present invention provides an active lubrication system and a high-speed gearbox, which simplify the overall structure, improve the lubrication efficiency and effect, reduce the space volume, reduce the amount of lubricating oil used, and reduce the use and maintenance costs.

[0007] Technical solution: The active lubrication system of the present invention is characterized in that: it includes a corresponding left shell and a right shell, the left shell and the right shell are provided with a unified oil channel, the left shell is provided with a first oil outlet, an oil baffle plate I, an oil guide groove I, an oil guide groove II, a second oil outlet and a first through hole; the right shell is provided with a third oil outlet, an oil baffle plate II, an oil guide groove III, an oil guide groove IV, a fourth oil outlet and a second through hole; the right shell is provided with a sealing plate and a maze structure, and the sealing plate and the maze structure are combined to discharge the high-temperature gas through the exhaust hole in time, and block the lubricating oil together with the high-temperature gas in the gearbox cavity.

[0008] Among them, the left housing and the right housing are equipped with a secondary gear output shaft gear, an intermediate shaft small gear, an intermediate shaft large gear, a primary gear input shaft gear, an output shaft left bearing, an output shaft right bearing, an intermediate shaft left bearing, an intermediate shaft right bearing, an input shaft left bearing and an input shaft right bearing.

[0009] Among them, the oil baffle plate I is used to adjust the oil flow rate and the oil pouring position by adjusting the position and size of the oil guide groove I and the oil guide groove II; the lower part of the oil baffle plate I is an arc envelope surface extending toward the center of the shell along the circumferential direction of the bearing seat, and the lower end of the arc is cut off according to the direction of oil pouring, and according to the principle of minimum oil flow resistance, the lubricating oil is allowed to reach the required oil pouring position along the tangent direction of the outer envelope surface of the arc.

[0010] Among them, the oil baffle plate I and the oil baffle plate II are symmetrical to form a closed wall, forming a closed lubricating oil circuit, ensuring that the lubricating oil is sprayed and lubricated on the high-position bearings and gears according to the set oil guide groove and oil baffle plate contour.

[0011] Among them, in the left housing, the lubricating oil in the motor cavity that shares the same cavity with the gearbox is introduced into the gearbox through a unified oil channel located at a high position of the gearbox, and the lubricating oil enters the built-in oil baffle plate I of the gearbox through the first oil outlet. The oil baffle plate I is provided with an oil guide groove I to realize oil spraying lubrication of the first-stage gear, and the lubricating oil is sprayed to the meshing point of the first-stage gear input shaft gear and the large gear of the intermediate shaft through the oil guide groove I; the oil baffle plate I is provided with an oil guide groove II to realize oil spraying lubrication of the left bearing of the input shaft; the oil baffle plate I is a Π-shaped structure, and the oil spraying flow rate is adjusted by adjusting the position and size of the oil guide groove I and the oil guide groove II.

[0012] Among them, in order to ensure that the left bearing of the input shaft is fully lubricated, the lubricating oil can also enter the inner ring of the left bearing of the input shaft through the second oil outlet, thereby realizing oil-spraying lubrication of the left bearing of the input shaft; a first through hole is opened on the left bearing mounting seat of the input shaft and the left bearing mounting seat of the intermediate shaft, and the lubricating oil is poured from the left bearing of the input shaft to the left bearing of the intermediate shaft, thereby realizing oil-spraying lubrication of the left bearing of the intermediate shaft.

[0013] Among them, the internal lubrication system of the right shell corresponds to the internal lubrication system structure of the left shell. In the right shell, the lubricating oil in the motor cavity that shares the cavity with the gearbox is introduced into the gearbox through a unified oil channel located at a high position of the gearbox. The lubricating oil enters the built-in oil baffle II of the gearbox through the third oil outlet. The oil baffle II is provided with an oil guide groove III to realize oil spraying lubrication of the first-stage gear, and the lubricating oil is sprayed to the meshing point of the second-stage gear output shaft gear and the intermediate shaft pinion through the oil guide groove III; the oil baffle II is provided with an oil guide groove IV to realize oil spraying lubrication of the right bearing of the input shaft; the left shell and the right shell are connected by bolts, and the oil baffle II is symmetrical with the oil baffle I to form a closed cavity, forming a closed lubricating oil circuit, ensuring that the lubricating oil is sprayed on the high-position bearings and gears according to the set oil guide groove and oil baffle contour.

[0014] Among them, in order to ensure that the right bearing of the input shaft is fully lubricated, the lubricating oil can also enter the inner ring of the right bearing of the input shaft through the fourth oil outlet, thereby realizing oil-spraying lubrication of the right bearing of the input shaft; a second through hole is opened on the right bearing mounting seat of the input shaft and the right bearing mounting seat of the intermediate shaft, and the lubricating oil is poured from the right bearing of the input shaft to the right bearing of the intermediate shaft, thereby realizing oil-spraying lubrication of the right bearing of the intermediate shaft.

[0015] The high-speed gearbox of the present invention is characterized by using the active lubrication system of the present invention.

[0016] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: the present invention introduces the lubricating oil in the motor cavity that shares a cavity with the gearbox through an oil channel located at a high position of the gearbox and into the gearbox through a unified oil circuit, and easily adjusts the amount of lubricating oil and the lubrication position through the built-in oil guide groove and oil baffle of the gearbox, thereby realizing active oil spraying lubrication of the high-position high-speed bearings and gear adjustment of the gearbox, improving the oil flow efficiency, ensuring the cooling and lubrication requirements under harsh working conditions, shortening the oil guide path, reducing the spatial volume of the gearbox, which is conducive to simplifying the overall layout of the gearbox, and can also reduce the oil stirring loss of the gearbox, and improve the cooling and lubrication effect and product reliability.

[0017] The present invention can easily adjust the oil spraying flow rate and the oil spraying position by adjusting the position and size of the oil guide groove on the oil baffle plate; significantly improve the oil flow efficiency, shorten the oil guide path, reduce the spatial volume of the gearbox, and reduce the amount of lubricating oil refueling; it is beneficial to simplify the overall layout of the gearbox, and can also reduce the oil stirring loss of the gearbox, thereby improving the cooling and lubrication effect and product reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 The structure diagram of the internal lubrication system of the left housing of the present invention is shown as follows: Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 4 The structure diagram of the internal lubrication system of the left housing of the present invention is shown as follows: Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the internal lubrication system of the right housing of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the sealing plate of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the maze structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the exhaust hole of the present invention;

[0026] In the figure, 1 is the left housing; 101 is the secondary gear output shaft gear; 102 is the intermediate shaft pinion; 103 is the intermediate shaft gear; 104 is the primary gear input shaft gear; 105 is the output shaft left bearing; 106 is the output shaft right bearing; 107 is the intermediate shaft left bearing; 108 is the intermediate shaft right bearing; 109 is the input shaft left bearing; 110 is the input shaft right bearing; 2 is the first oil outlet; 3 is the oil baffle plate I; 4 is the oil guide groove I; 5 is the oil guide groove II; 6 is the second oil outlet; 7 is the first through hole; 9 is the unified oil channel; 11 is the right housing; 12 is the third oil outlet; 13 is the oil baffle plate II; 14 is the oil guide groove III; 15 is the oil guide groove IV; 16 is the fourth oil outlet; 17 is the second through hole; 18 is the sealing plate; 19 is the labyrinth structure; 20 is the exhaust hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0028] Active lubrication in this invention uses external power (such as an oil pump or compressed air) to force the delivery of lubricating oil, achieving precise lubrication of key parts. Passive lubrication relies on the machine's own motion or gravity to achieve lubrication, without the need for external power to drive the lubricant circulation. Churning loss refers to the power consumed by viscous friction and turbulent disturbances when the rotor rotates in lubricating oil or cooling medium.

[0029] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2The active lubrication system of the present invention includes a left housing 1 and a right housing 11 that are correspondingly arranged. The left housing 1 and the right housing 11 are provided with a unified oil passage 9. The left housing 1 is provided with a first oil outlet 2, an oil baffle plate I3, an oil guide groove I4, an oil guide groove II5, a second oil outlet 6 and a first through hole 7; the right housing 11 is provided with a third oil outlet 12, an oil baffle plate II 13, an oil guide groove III 14, an oil guide groove IV 15, a fourth oil outlet 16 and a second through hole 17; the right housing 11 is provided with a sealing plate 18 and a labyrinth structure 19. The sealing plate 18 and the labyrinth structure 19 are combined to discharge the high-temperature gas through the exhaust hole 20 in a timely manner, and block the lubricating oil along with the high-temperature gas in the gearbox cavity. Among them, the left housing 1 and the right housing 11 are equipped with a secondary gear output shaft gear 101, an intermediate shaft small gear 102, an intermediate shaft large gear 103, a primary gear input shaft gear 104, an output shaft left bearing 105, an output shaft right bearing 106, an intermediate shaft left bearing 107, an intermediate shaft right bearing 108, an input shaft left bearing 109 and an input shaft right bearing 110.

[0030] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 The internal lubrication system structure of the left housing 1 first directs lubricating oil from the motor cavity, which shares a cavity with the transmission, into the transmission via a unified oil passage 9 located high above the transmission. The oil then enters the transmission's internal oil baffle Ⅰ3 through the first oil outlet 2. Oil baffle Ⅰ3 features an oil guide groove Ⅰ4, which allows for oil dripping onto the first gear. The oil then flows smoothly through this groove to the meshing point between the first gear input shaft gear 104 and the intermediate shaft gear 103. Oil baffle Ⅰ3 also features an oil guide groove Ⅱ5, which allows for oil dripping onto the left input shaft bearing 109. Oil baffle Ⅰ3 is similar to a Pi shape, and the oil flow rate can be adjusted by adjusting the position and size of oil guide grooves Ⅰ4 and Ⅱ5. The lower portion of oil baffle Ⅰ3 forms an arc-shaped surface extending along the circumference of the bearing seat toward the center of the housing. The lower end of the arc is truncated according to the direction of oil flow. This ensures that the lubricating oil reaches the ideal dripping location along the tangent of the outer arc surface, minimizing oil flow resistance.

[0031] To ensure adequate lubrication of the left input shaft bearing 109, lubricating oil can also enter the inner ring of the left input shaft bearing 109 through the second oil outlet 6, achieving oil-spraying lubrication of the left input shaft bearing 109. A first through hole 7 is provided in the mounting seat of the left input shaft bearing 109 and the mounting seat of the left intermediate shaft bearing 107 to pour lubricating oil from the left input shaft bearing 109 to the left intermediate shaft bearing 107, achieving oil-spraying lubrication of the left intermediate shaft bearing 107.

[0032] like Figure 5The internal lubrication system structure of the right housing 11 is essentially symmetrical with that of the left housing 1. Lubricating oil from the motor cavity, which shares a cavity with the gearbox, is first introduced into the gearbox via a unified oil passage 9 located high up in the gearbox. The oil then flows through the third oil outlet 12 into the gearbox's internal oil baffle II 13. Oil guide grooves III 14 are defined within this baffle II 13, allowing for oil drip lubrication of the first-stage gear. The oil then flows smoothly through these grooves to the meshing point between the output shaft gear 101 and the intermediate shaft pinion 102 of the second-stage gearbox. Oil guide grooves IV 15 are also defined within this baffle II 13, allowing for oil drip lubrication of the right bearing 110 of the input shaft. The left and right housings 1 and 11 are bolted together, with oil baffle II 13 symmetrically aligned with oil baffle I 3, forming a closed cavity and a closed lubrication circuit. This ensures that the lubricating oil drips onto the high-position bearings and gears according to the planned oil guide grooves and baffle contours.

[0033] Similarly, to ensure adequate lubrication of the input shaft right bearing 110, lubricating oil can also enter the inner ring of the input shaft right bearing 110 through the fourth oil outlet 16, achieving oil-spraying lubrication of the input shaft right bearing 110. Second through holes 17 are provided in the mounting seat of the input shaft right bearing 110 and the mounting seat of the intermediate shaft right bearing 108 to pour lubricating oil from the input shaft right bearing 110 to the intermediate shaft right bearing 108, achieving oil-spraying lubrication of the intermediate shaft right bearing 108.

[0034] During the operation of the gearbox, the gear meshing friction and the bearing rolling friction will generate a lot of heat, the temperature will rise rapidly, and the gas will enter the transmission cavity along with the high-temperature lubricating oil. If the high-temperature gas cannot be discharged in time, it will affect the pressure in the transmission cavity. The lubricating oil can easily rush out of the transmission cavity along with the high-level gas, which is not conducive to the smooth lubrication of the shaft teeth. In order to remove the high-temperature gas in time, a sealing plate 18 and a maze structure 19 are added to the right housing 11. The sealing plate 18 is installed on the housing by two bolts. The sealing plate 18 and the maze structure 19 are combined to discharge the high-temperature gas through the exhaust hole 20 in time, and the lubricating oil along with the high-temperature gas is blocked in the transmission cavity.

[0035] The innovations of this invention lie in: 1. The shape design of oil baffle I allows for easy adjustment of the oil flow rate and location by adjusting the position and size of oil guide grooves I and II. 2. The lower portion of oil baffle I is a circular envelope extending along the circumference of the bearing seat toward the center of the housing. The lower end of the arc is truncated according to the direction of oil pouring, ensuring that the lubricating oil reaches the ideal oil pouring location along the tangent direction of the outer arc envelope, in accordance with the principle of minimum oil flow resistance. 3. Oil baffle II is symmetrical with oil baffle I, forming a closed cavity and a closed lubrication oil path, ensuring that the lubricating oil is poured onto the high-position bearings and gears according to the planned oil guide grooves and oil baffle contours. 4. A sealing plate and labyrinth structure are added to the right housing. The sealing plate is bolted to the housing via two bolts. The combination of the sealing plate and labyrinth structure allows high-temperature gases to be discharged through the exhaust holes in a timely manner, trapping the lubricating oil accompanying the high-temperature gases within the transmission cavity.

[0036] The present invention introduces the lubricating oil in the motor cavity, which shares a cavity with the gearbox, into the gearbox through an oil channel located at a high position of the gearbox through a unified oil circuit. The oil quantity and lubrication position can be easily adjusted through the built-in oil guide groove and oil baffle of the gearbox, thereby realizing active oil spraying lubrication of the high-position high-speed bearings and gear adjustment of the gearbox, improving the oil flow efficiency, ensuring the cooling and lubrication requirements under harsh working conditions, shortening the oil guide path, reducing the spatial volume of the gearbox, and being conducive to simplifying the overall layout of the gearbox. It can also reduce the oil stirring loss of the gearbox, and improve the cooling and lubrication effect and product reliability.

Claims

1. An active lubrication system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a left housing (1) and a right housing (11) which are arranged correspondingly. The left housing (1) and the right housing (11) are provided with a unified oil passage (9). The left housing (1) is provided with a first oil outlet (2), an oil baffle plate I (3), an oil guide groove I (4), an oil guide groove II (5), a second oil outlet (6) and a first through hole (7); the right housing (11) is provided with a third oil outlet (12), an oil baffle plate II (13), an oil guide groove III (14), an oil guide groove IV (15), a fourth oil outlet (16) and a second through hole (17); the right housing (11) is provided with a sealing plate (18) and a labyrinth structure (19). The sealing plate (18) and the labyrinth structure (19) are combined to discharge high-temperature gas in time through an exhaust hole (20), and to block the lubricating oil accompanying the high-temperature gas in a gearbox cavity.

2. The active lubrication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left housing (1) and the right housing (11) are provided with a secondary gear output shaft gear (101), an intermediate shaft small gear (102), an intermediate shaft large gear (103), a primary gear input shaft gear (104), an output shaft left bearing (105), an output shaft right bearing (106), an intermediate shaft left bearing (107), an intermediate shaft right bearing (108), an input shaft left bearing (109) and an input shaft right bearing (110).

3. The active lubrication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil baffle plate I (3) is used to adjust the position and size of the oil guide groove I (4) and the oil guide groove II (5) to achieve the adjustment of the oil pouring flow rate and the oil pouring position; the lower part of the oil baffle plate I (3) is an arc envelope surface extending toward the center of the shell along the circumferential direction of the bearing seat, and the lower end of the arc is cut off according to the direction of oil pouring, in accordance with the principle of minimum oil flow resistance, so as to achieve the lubricating oil reaching the required oil pouring position along the tangent direction of the outer envelope surface of the arc.

4. The active lubrication system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil baffle plate I (3) is symmetrical with the oil baffle plate II (13), forming a closed wall and a closed lubricating oil circuit, ensuring that the lubricating oil is sprayed onto the high-position bearings and gears according to the set oil guide groove and the oil baffle plate profile.

5. The active lubrication system according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the left housing (1), the lubricating oil in the motor cavity that shares the same cavity with the gearbox is introduced into the gearbox through a unified oil passage (9) located at a high position of the gearbox, and the lubricating oil enters the gearbox's built-in oil baffle plate I (3) through a first oil outlet (2). The oil baffle plate I (3) is provided with an oil guide groove I (4) to realize oil spraying and lubrication of the first-stage gear, and the lubricating oil is sprayed onto the meshing point between the first-stage gear input shaft gear (104) and the intermediate shaft large gear (103) through the oil guide groove I (4); the oil baffle plate I (3) is provided with an oil guide groove II (5) to realize oil spraying and lubrication of the input shaft left bearing (109); the oil baffle plate I (3) is a quasi-Π-shaped structure, and the oil spraying flow rate is adjusted by adjusting the position and size of the oil guide groove I (4) and the oil guide groove II (5).

6. The active lubrication system according to claim 5, characterized in that: In order to ensure that the input shaft left bearing (109) is fully lubricated, the lubricating oil can also enter the inner ring of the input shaft left bearing (109) through the second oil outlet (6), thereby realizing oil-spraying lubrication of the input shaft left bearing (109); a first through hole (7) is provided on the input shaft left bearing (109) mounting seat and the intermediate shaft left bearing (107) mounting seat, and the lubricating oil is poured from the input shaft left bearing (109) to the intermediate shaft left bearing (107), thereby realizing oil-spraying lubrication of the intermediate shaft left bearing (107).

7. The active lubrication system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The internal lubrication system of the right housing (11) corresponds to the internal lubrication system structure of the left housing (1). In the right housing (11), the lubricating oil in the motor cavity that shares the same cavity with the gearbox is introduced into the gearbox through a unified oil passage (9) located at a high position of the gearbox. The lubricating oil enters the gearbox's built-in oil baffle II (13) through the third oil outlet (12). The oil baffle II (13) is provided with an oil guide groove III (14) to realize oil spraying and lubrication of the first-stage gear. The lubricating oil passes through the oil guide groove III (14) The oil is sprayed onto the meshing point between the secondary gear output shaft gear (101) and the intermediate shaft pinion gear (102); an oil guide groove IV (15) is provided on the oil baffle plate II (13) to realize oil spraying and lubrication of the right bearing (110) of the input shaft; the left housing (1) and the right housing (11) are connected by bolts, and the oil baffle plate II (13) and the oil baffle plate I (3) are symmetrical to form a closed cavity, forming a closed lubricating oil circuit, ensuring that the lubricating oil is sprayed and lubricated onto the high-position bearings and gears according to the set oil guide groove and the oil baffle plate profile.

8. The active lubrication system according to claim 7, characterized in that: In order to ensure that the input shaft right bearing (110) is fully lubricated, the lubricating oil can also enter the inner ring of the input shaft right bearing (110) through the fourth oil outlet (16), thereby realizing oil-spraying lubrication of the input shaft right bearing (110); a second through hole (17) is opened on the input shaft right bearing (110) mounting seat and the intermediate shaft right bearing (108) mounting seat, and the lubricating oil is poured from the input shaft right bearing (110) to the intermediate shaft right bearing (108), thereby realizing oil-spraying lubrication of the intermediate shaft right bearing (108).

9. A high-speed gearbox, characterized in that: Use the active lubrication system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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