Pusher furnace for post-treatment of metal smelting

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of push plate furnaces, and discloses a push plate furnace for post-treatment of metal smelting, which is characterized by comprising a base and a hearth arranged on the base, a heating rod assembly is arranged at the upper end of the hearth inner cavity, and a fan corresponding to the heating rod assembly is arranged at the top end of the hearth; a frame type heating side pipe is arranged in the hearth inner cavity, the heating side pipe is arranged on the outer side of a workpiece, nozzles are uniformly arranged on the inner side of the heating side pipe, a heat flow guiding component is arranged on the inner side of the hearth, and the heat flow guiding component comprises a side cavity arranged on the inner side of the hearth inner cavity side wall. The push plate furnace for post-treatment of metal smelting can realize comprehensive heating of the workpiece by arranging the frame type heating side pipe, the heat flow guiding component and a plurality of supporting rollers supporting the workpiece in cooperation, the heating rod assembly can be arranged in only one direction, the contact area is small, the workpiece is uniformly heated, energy consumption is saved, and energy saving and emission reduction are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pusher furnace technology, and more particularly to a pusher furnace for post-processing of metal smelting. Background Technology

[0002] In the post-processing stage of metal smelting, precise temperature control is required to eliminate residual stress in castings, optimize metallographic structure, or achieve surface modification. Pusher furnaces, with their continuous feeding and discharging characteristics and controllable atmosphere capabilities, have become core equipment for heat treatment processes such as annealing and aging. Existing pusher furnaces typically rely on high-temperature resistant trays to support the workpieces. Hydraulic pushers drive the trays to move in a step-by-step manner along a track through preheating, heating, and cooling temperature zones. The heating structure often employs a combination of top-mounted resistance bands and side-wall silicon carbide rods, supplemented by forced convection fans to improve heat exchange efficiency.

[0003] Traditional pusher furnaces, due to the solid support of the material tray, result in a significant heat shielding zone at the bottom of the workpiece. Even with the addition of bottom auxiliary heating, it is difficult to completely eliminate the temperature difference. To compensate for the uniformity, some existing solutions are forced to redundantly arrange heating units in multiple directions at the top, side, and bottom. This not only increases the equipment manufacturing cost but also causes some ineffective energy consumption due to the cross-over of heat radiation, which is not conducive to energy conservation and environmental protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing technology has the disadvantages of poor heating uniformity of metal parts and high energy consumption. To this end, we propose a pusher furnace for metal smelting post-processing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution: a pusher furnace for post-processing of metal smelting, including a foundation and a furnace chamber disposed on the foundation, wherein a heating rod assembly is disposed at the upper end of the inner cavity of the furnace chamber, and a fan corresponding to the heating rod assembly is installed at the top of the furnace chamber.

[0006] The furnace cavity is equipped with a frame-type heating side tube, which is used to be sleeved on the outside of the side of the workpiece. Nozzles are evenly arranged on the inside of the heating side tube. A heat flow guiding component is provided on the inside of the furnace cavity. The heat flow guiding component includes a side cavity located on the inside of the side wall of the furnace cavity. The upper end of the side cavity corresponds to and communicates with the upper end of the furnace cavity. One end of the blower corresponds to the side cavity. A bottom cavity communicating with the side cavity is provided on the bottom inside of the furnace cavity. A through hole communicating with the bottom cavity is provided on the bottom wall of the furnace cavity. A longitudinally retractable telescopic tube is provided on the side of the furnace cavity. One end of the telescopic tube communicates with the heating side tube, and the other end communicates with the side cavity.

[0007] A push plate is horizontally and movably arranged at the bottom of the furnace cavity. A drive source for driving the push plate displacement is provided at one end of the foundation. A through groove is provided at one end of the push plate. A support roller for supporting the workpiece is uniformly rotated in the through groove. A drive assembly for driving the heating side tube to rise and fall is provided on the side of the push plate.

[0008] Preferably, the telescopic tube includes an upper tube disposed on the inner wall of the furnace cavity, a lower tube being vertically and movably inserted into the lower end of the upper tube, and the side of the heating side tube being fixed to the lower end of the lower tube.

[0009] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a push arm disposed on the side of the push plate and protruding from the side wall of the push plate, a connector is installed on the lower tube, a linkage arm is movably disposed on the connector, a sliding seat corresponding to the linkage arm is movably connected to the side of the bottom of the furnace cavity, the lower end of the linkage arm is movably connected to the sliding seat, and one end of the sliding seat corresponds to the protruding part of the push arm, a fixed seat corresponding to the sliding seat is disposed at the bottom of the furnace cavity, and a first elastic element is disposed between one side of the sliding seat and the side wall of the fixed seat.

[0010] Preferably, the side wall of the fixed seat is provided with a pair of guide rods, and the sliding seat is movably sleeved on the guide rods.

[0011] Preferably, the first elastic element is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide rod.

[0012] Preferably, a stop seat for limiting the push plate is provided at one end of the bottom of the furnace. A drive cavity is provided on the side wall of the push plate. A sliding frame is movably connected to the inner side of the drive cavity along the length direction of the push plate. A second elastic element is provided between the end of the sliding frame near the stop seat and the inner wall of the drive cavity near the stop seat. The push arm is fixed to the side wall of the sliding frame. A drive rod extending to the outside of the push plate is provided at the end of the sliding frame away from the stop seat. A traction frame for connecting to the output shaft of the drive source is provided at the end of the drive rod away from the sliding frame.

[0013] Preferably, the end of the support roller corresponds to the drive cavity, and the end of the support roller is provided with a gear located in the inner cavity of the drive cavity, and the sliding frame is provided with a plurality of racks corresponding one-to-one with the gear.

[0014] Preferably, the furnace chamber is provided with an opening for the pusher plate to enter and exit at one end near the drive source. The upper end of the opening is hinged to an insulated furnace door, and when the insulated furnace door is in a vertical state, the distance between its bottom and the bottom of the furnace chamber is adapted to the thickness of the pusher plate.

[0015] Preferably, the drive source is a servo hydraulic cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, an inclined second diverter plate is provided on the upper end of the furnace cavity near the side cavity;

[0017] The inner side of the side cavity is provided with a first diverter plate corresponding to the upper end of the upper tube, and the first diverter plate is inclined.

[0018] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0019] In this invention, by using a frame-type heating side tube, a heat flow guiding component, and multiple support rollers that support the workpiece, the heating rod assembly can be set in only one position to achieve comprehensive heating of the workpiece. The contact between the support roller and the workpiece is a line contact, which has a smaller contact area compared to the surface contact of the prior art, which is conducive to uniform heating of the workpiece. It is not only low in cost, but also has a low heat radiation cross-over rate, saving energy and contributing to energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0020] In this invention, the drive assembly is linked to the displacement of the push plate, enabling the heating side tube to automatically descend after the push plate pushes the workpiece into the furnace cavity, thus fitting around the workpiece side for easier heating. Furthermore, with the addition of a stop seat, sliding frame, second elastic element, and drive rod, the workpiece remains stationary while the heating side tube descends after the push plate enters the furnace cavity, minimizing the distance between nozzles in multiple directions and the workpiece for rapid heating. The gears and racks allow the support rollers to rotate during the sliding frame's displacement, controlling the workpiece to move back and forth when the heating side tube is on the workpiece side, thus exposing the bottom of the workpiece in contact with the support roller for more comprehensive heating. Moreover, due to the workpiece's back and forth movement, the heating side tube can also reciprocate, always remaining on the workpiece side during this reciprocating motion, ensuring uniform heating at different locations on the workpiece side. Attached Figure Description

[0021] The disclosure of this invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to refer to the same parts:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the present invention in its disassembled state;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a side view cross-sectional structural diagram of the furnace chamber of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure in a three-dimensional state based on the basic structure;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sliding seat and the heating side tube in the present invention in the form of cooperation;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the push plate, stop seat, and heating side tube of the present invention in their combined state;

[0028] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the push plate of the present invention in its disassembled state.

[0029] Legend: 1. Foundation; 2. Furnace chamber; 3. Drive source; 4. Push plate; 5. Fan; 6. Insulated furnace door; 7. Bottom cavity; 8. Heating side tube; 9. Heating rod assembly; 10. Side cavity; 11. Through hole; 12. Upper tube; 13. Lower tube; 14. First diverter plate; 15. Second diverter plate; 16. Linkage arm; 17. Nozzle; 18. Connector; 19. Fixed seat; 20. Guide rod; 21. First elastic element; 22. Sliding seat; 23. Stop seat; 24. Through groove; 25. Support roller; 26. Traction frame; 27. Drive rod; 28. Drive cavity; 29. ​​Sliding frame; 30. Gear; 31. Second elastic element; 32. Push arm; 33. Rack. Detailed Implementation

[0030] It is readily understood that, based on the technical solution of this invention, those skilled in the art can propose various interchangeable structural methods and implementations without altering the essential spirit of the invention. Therefore, the following detailed embodiments and accompanying drawings are merely illustrative examples of the technical solution of this invention and should not be considered as the entirety of the invention or as limitations or restrictions on the technical solution of this invention.

[0031] Reference Figures 1-4 As shown, a pusher furnace for post-processing of metal smelting includes a base 1 and a furnace chamber 2 disposed on the base 1. A heating rod assembly 9 is disposed at the upper end of the inner cavity of the furnace chamber 2, and a fan 5 corresponding to the heating rod assembly 9 is installed at the top of the furnace chamber 2. A pusher plate 4 is horizontally and movably disposed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace chamber 2. A drive source 3 for driving the displacement of the pusher plate 4 is disposed at one end of the base 1. The drive source 3 is preferably a servo hydraulic cylinder. An opening for the pusher plate 4 to enter and exit is disposed at one end of the furnace chamber 2 near the drive source 3. A heat-insulating furnace door 6 is hinged to the upper end of the opening, and when the heat-insulating furnace door 6 is in a vertical state, the distance between its bottom and the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace chamber 2 is adapted to the thickness of the pusher plate 4.

[0032] like Figures 2-6As shown, unlike existing technologies, a frame-type heating side tube 8 is provided inside the furnace chamber 2. Specifically, it is arc-shaped or rectangular, and its internal dimensions are larger than the workpiece dimensions. The heating side tube 8 is used to heat the side of the workpiece by fitting it around its outer side. Nozzles 17 are evenly arranged on the inner side of the heating side tube 8. A heat flow guiding component is provided inside the furnace chamber 2. The heat flow guiding component includes a side cavity 10 located on the inner wall of the furnace chamber 2. The upper end of the side cavity 10 corresponds to and communicates with the upper end of the furnace chamber 2. An inclined second diverter plate 15 is provided on the side of the upper end of the furnace chamber 2 near the side cavity 10. One end of the blower 5 is connected to the side cavity 10. Corresponding to 0, a first diversion plate 14 corresponding to the upper end of the upper tube 12 is provided on the inner side of the side cavity 10, and the first diversion plate 14 is inclined. A bottom cavity 7 communicating with the side cavity 10 is provided on the inner bottom of the furnace cavity 2. A through hole 11 communicating with the bottom cavity 7 is provided on the bottom wall of the furnace cavity 2. A telescopic tube that can be extended longitudinally is provided on the side of the furnace cavity 2. One end of the telescopic tube is connected to the heating side tube 8, and the other end is connected to the side cavity 10. Specifically, the telescopic tube includes an upper tube 12 provided on the side wall of the furnace cavity 2. A lower tube 13 is vertically and movably inserted into the lower end of the upper tube 12. The side of the heating side tube 8 is fixed to the lower end of the lower tube 13.

[0033] like Figures 3-7 As shown, in order to reduce the contact area with the workpiece, a longitudinal through groove 24 is provided at one end of the push plate 4. Multiple support rollers 25 for supporting the workpiece are evenly rotatably arranged in the through groove 24. In order to realize the lifting and lowering of the heating side tube 8, a drive assembly for driving the lifting and lowering of the heating side tube 8 is provided on the side of the push plate 4. As one embodiment, the drive assembly includes a push arm 32 provided on the side of the push plate 4 and protruding from the side wall of the push plate 4. A connector 18 is installed on the lower tube 13. A linkage arm 16 is rotatably arranged on the connector 18 through a pin. A sliding seat 22 corresponding to the linkage arm 16 is movably connected to the side of the bottom of the furnace cavity 2. The lower end of the linkage arm 16 is connected to the sliding seat 22. The upper end is rotatably connected by a pin, and one end of the sliding seat 22 corresponds to the protruding part of the push arm 32. At each end of the bottom of the furnace chamber 2, there is a pair of fixed seats 19 corresponding to the sliding seat 22. The sliding seat 22 is located between the two fixed seats 19 on the same side. A first elastic element 21 is provided between one side of the sliding seat 22 and the side wall of the fixed seat 19 away from the drive source 3. The first elastic element 21 is preferably a spring. When the heating side tube 8 moves downward, the first elastic element 21 contracts. At the same time, in order to increase the stability of the sliding seat 22 and the first elastic element 21, a pair of guide rods 20 are provided on the side wall of the fixed seat 19. The sliding seat 22 is movably sleeved on the guide rods 20.

[0034] like Figures 3-4 , Figures 6-7As shown, in order to keep the workpiece stationary when the heating side tube 8 moves downward, a stop seat 23 for limiting the push plate 4 is provided at one end of the bottom of the furnace chamber 2. A drive cavity 28 is provided on the side wall of the push plate 4. A sliding frame 29 is movably connected to the inner side of the drive cavity 28 along the length direction of the push plate 4. A second elastic element 31 is provided between the end of the sliding frame 29 near the stop seat 23 and the inner wall of the inner cavity of the drive cavity 28 near the stop seat 23. The second elastic element 31 is preferably a spring. The push arm 32 is fixed to the side wall of the sliding frame 29, and the push arm 32 will not contact the sliding seat 22 before the push plate 4 contacts the stop seat 23. A drive rod 27 extending to the outside of the push plate 4 is provided at the end of the sliding frame 29 away from the stop seat 23. The drive rod 27 and the push plate 4 are in a movable guiding engagement. The end of the drive rod 27 away from the sliding frame 29 is provided with a traction frame 26 for bolting to the output shaft of the drive source 3. The second elastic element 31 is configured such that when the drive source 3 pushes the push plate 4 to move through the traction frame 26 before the push plate 4 contacts the stop seat 23, the second elastic element 31 will not contract or will contract slightly. This part can realize the downward movement of the heating side tube 8 after the workpiece is stationary, without the need to move the heating side tube 8 downward during the workpiece displacement process. Therefore, it is not necessary to set the heating side tube 8 to a large size. Moreover, when the heating side tube 8 is located outside the side of the workpiece, the drive source 3 can be controlled to reciprocate to drive the sliding frame 29 to move, and then the push arm 32 reciprocates to push the sliding seat 22, so that the heating side tube 8 can reciprocate to rise and fall slightly to adapt to the heating of different heights of the side of the workpiece.

[0035] As shown in 7, in order to achieve a small-amplitude reciprocating movement of the workpiece when the heating side tube 8 is located on the side of the workpiece, the end of the support roller 25 corresponds to the drive cavity 28. The end of the support roller 25 is provided with a gear 30 located in the inner cavity of the drive cavity 28. The sliding frame 29 is provided with multiple racks 33 that correspond one-to-one with the gears 30, and initially the racks 33 and the gears 30 are not meshed.

[0036] It should be noted that all the structural components located inside the furnace chamber 2 are made of high-temperature resistant materials. Since this is a conventional technical method, this application will not elaborate further.

[0037] Overall working principle: During use, the metal workpiece to be heated is placed on multiple support rollers 25 on the push plate 4. Then, the drive source 3 is controlled to drive the push plate 4 horizontally into the furnace chamber 2 via the traction frame 26. Due to the initial elastic force of the second elastic element 31, the sliding frame 29 will not compress the second elastic element 31 excessively; the second elastic element 31 will only slightly contract. After entering, the insulated furnace door 6 is closed. Initially, the push plate 4 moves the workpiece to the vicinity of the furnace chamber 2 inlet. At this time, the workpiece does not correspond to the heating side tube 8, through hole 11, and heating rod assembly 9. Preheating is performed for a period of time. Afterward, the drive source 3 is controlled to continue moving the push plate 4 inward. One end of the push plate 4 is blocked and limited by the stop seat 23. At this time, the workpiece and the heating side tube 8, through hole 11, and heating rod assembly 9 are not aligned. The heating side tube 8 fits, and the inner cavity size of the heating side tube 8 is larger than the workpiece size. At this time, because the push plate 4 is blocked, the drive source 3 continues to push the traction frame 26. The traction frame 26 will drive the sliding frame 29 to move and compress the second elastic element 31 through the drive rod 27. When the sliding frame 29 moves, it will drive the push arm 32 to move. Then the push arm 32 pushes the sliding seat 22. The sliding seat 22 drives the linkage arm 16 to tilt and pull down the connecting piece 18. The first elastic element 21 will contract. The connecting piece 18 drives the heating side tube 8 to move down through the lower tube 13. Then the heating side tube 8 can be sleeved on the outside of the side of the workpiece. The fan 5 blows down. Some hot air directly acts on the upper surface of the workpiece, and some hot air enters the side under the action of the second diverter plate 15. In cavity 10, some of the hot air entering the side cavity 10 enters the upper pipe 12 under the action of the first diverter plate 14, then enters the heating side pipe 8 through the lower pipe 13, and finally is blown to the side of the workpiece through the nozzle 17. The other part of the hot air entering the side cavity 10 enters the bottom cavity 7, and then is blown upward to the lower surface of the workpiece through the through hole 11. During the initial downward displacement stage of the heating side pipe 8, the rack 33 does not mesh with the gear 30, so the support roller 25 will not drive the workpiece to move. After being sleeved on the outside of the side of the workpiece, the rack 33 meshes with the gear 30. At this time, the control drive source 3 drives the traction frame 26 to reciprocate with a small amplitude, thereby causing the heating side pipe 8 to reciprocate up and down. And because the sliding frame 29 is driven to move back to the starting position by the drive rod 27, Therefore, the rack 33 drives the support roller 25 to move back and forth through the gear 30, and the support roller 25 drives the workpiece to move back and forth slightly, so that the contact part between the bottom of the workpiece and the support roller 25 can be exposed. Moreover, the back and forth movement of the heating side tube 8 can also heat the workpiece at different heights on the side, thereby achieving more comprehensive heating and facilitating uniform heating. It should be noted that during the reciprocating motion of the heating side tube 8 and the workpiece, the push plate 4 remains stationary because the second elastic element 31 is in a contracted state. After the heating is completed, the drive source 3 pulls the push plate 4 outward, the second elastic element 31 resets, the heating side tube 8 rises, and then the push plate 4 drives the workpiece to move outward. After it is moved out, it can be cooled.

[0038] The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content described above. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to the above embodiments without departing from the technical concept of this invention, and all such modifications and variations should fall within the protection scope of this invention.

Claims

1. A pusher furnace for post-processing in metal smelting, characterized in that, It includes a foundation (1) and a furnace (2) set on the foundation (1). A heating rod assembly (9) is set at the upper end of the inner cavity of the furnace (2), and a fan (5) corresponding to the heating rod assembly (9) is installed at the top of the furnace (2). The furnace chamber (2) is equipped with a frame-type heating side tube (8). The heating side tube (8) is used to be sleeved on the outside of the side of the workpiece. The inner side of the heating side tube (8) is uniformly equipped with nozzles (17). The furnace chamber (2) is equipped with a heat flow guiding component. The heat flow guiding component includes a side cavity (10) set on the inner side of the side wall of the furnace chamber (2). The upper end of the side cavity (10) corresponds to and is connected to the upper end of the furnace chamber (2). One end of the fan (5) corresponds to the side cavity (10). The bottom inner side of the furnace chamber (2) is equipped with a bottom cavity (7) connected to the side cavity (10). The bottom wall of the furnace chamber (2) is equipped with a through hole (11) connected to the bottom cavity (7). The side of the furnace chamber (2) is equipped with a telescopic tube that can be extended longitudinally. One end of the telescopic tube is connected to the heating side tube (8), and the other end is connected to the side cavity (10). A push plate (4) is horizontally and movably arranged at the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace (2). A drive source (3) for driving the displacement of the push plate (4) is provided at one end of the foundation (1). A through groove (24) is provided at one end of the push plate (4). A support roller (25) for supporting the workpiece is uniformly rotated in the through groove (24). A drive assembly for driving the heating side tube (8) to rise and fall is provided on the side of the push plate (4).

2. The pusher furnace for post-processing of metal smelting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic tube includes an upper tube (12) disposed on the inner wall of the furnace (2), and a lower tube (13) is vertically and movably inserted into the lower end of the upper tube (12). The side of the heating side tube (8) is fixed to the lower end of the lower tube (13).

3. The pusher furnace for post-processing of metal smelting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a push arm (32) disposed on the side of the push plate (4) and protruding from the side wall of the push plate (4). A connector (18) is installed on the lower tube (13). A linkage arm (16) is movably disposed on the connector (18). A sliding seat (22) corresponding to the linkage arm (16) is movably connected to the side of the bottom of the furnace cavity (2). The lower end of the linkage arm (16) is movably connected to the sliding seat (22), and one end of the sliding seat (22) corresponds to the protruding part of the push arm (32). A fixed seat (19) corresponding to the sliding seat (22) is disposed at the bottom of the furnace cavity (2). A first elastic element (21) is disposed between one side of the sliding seat (22) and the side wall of the fixed seat (19).

4. The pusher furnace for post-processing of metal smelting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed seat (19) has a pair of guide rods (20) on its side wall, and the sliding seat (22) is movably sleeved on the guide rods (20).

5. The pusher furnace for post-processing of metal smelting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first elastic element (21) is a spring, and the spring is sleeved outside the guide rod (20).

6. The pusher furnace for post-processing of metal smelting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom end of the furnace (2) is provided with a stop seat (23) for limiting the push plate (4). The side wall of the push plate (4) is provided with a drive cavity (28). The inner side of the drive cavity (28) is movably connected with a sliding frame (29) along the length direction of the push plate (4). A second elastic element (31) is provided between the end of the sliding frame (29) near the stop seat (23) and the inner wall of the inner cavity of the drive cavity (28) near the stop seat (23). The push arm (32) is fixed to the side wall of the sliding frame (29). The end of the sliding frame (29) away from the stop seat (23) is provided with a drive rod (27) extending to the outside of the push plate (4). The end of the drive rod (27) away from the sliding frame (29) is provided with a traction frame (26) for connecting to the output shaft of the drive source (3).

7. The pusher furnace for post-processing of metal smelting according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the support roller (25) corresponds to the drive cavity (28). The end of the support roller (25) is provided with a gear (30) located in the inner cavity of the drive cavity (28). The sliding frame (29) is provided with a plurality of racks (33) that correspond one-to-one with the gears (30).

8. The pusher furnace for post-processing of metal smelting according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The furnace chamber (2) has an opening for the push plate (4) to enter and exit at one end near the drive source (3). The upper end of the opening is hinged with a heat-insulating furnace door (6), and when the heat-insulating furnace door (6) is in a vertical state, the distance between its bottom and the bottom of the inner cavity of the furnace chamber (2) is adapted to the thickness of the push plate (4).

9. The pusher furnace for post-processing of metal smelting according to claim 8, characterized in that: The drive source (3) is a servo hydraulic cylinder.

10. The pusher furnace for post-processing of metal smelting according to claim 2, characterized in that: An inclined second diversion plate (15) is provided on the upper end of the inner cavity of the furnace (2) near the side cavity (10). The inner side of the side cavity (10) is provided with a first diversion plate (14) corresponding to the upper end of the upper pipe (12), and the first diversion plate (14) is inclined.

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