Seismic wave data acquisition method, device and system

Abstract

The invention provides a seismic wave data acquisition method, device and system, and relates to the technical field of seismic wave data acquisition. The method comprises the following steps: when a trigger detects that the seismic wave intensity is greater than a preset intensity threshold value, transmitting a first trigger signal to a plurality of wireless acquisition instruments, and starting to acquire seismic wave data by the trigger and the plurality of wireless acquisition instruments; when the acquisition duration reaches a preset time threshold, the trigger transmits a second trigger signal to the plurality of wireless acquisition instruments, the trigger and the plurality of wireless acquisition instruments stop acquiring seismic wave data, the trigger acquires first seismic wave data, and each wireless acquisition instrument acquires second seismic wave data; and the upper computer obtains third seismic wave data according to the first seismic wave data and the plurality of second seismic wave data. Seismic wave data acquisition is carried out in a wireless acquisition mode, the processes of installation and debugging of complex mechanical equipment and manual wiring and cable recovery are effectively avoided, the efficiency is improved, and meanwhile, the potential safety hazard of the equipment is remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of seismic wave data acquisition, and in particular to a seismic wave data acquisition method, device and system. Background Art

[0002] To ensure safety and optimize construction design during construction, advance geological exploration and forecasting are essential. As one of the most widely used methods for advanced geological forecasting, seismic wave analysis is gaining increasing attention. Seismic wave analysis primarily involves data acquisition, data processing, and geological interpretation. Accurately acquiring seismic reflection wave data during data acquisition is a prerequisite for subsequent data processing and geological interpretation, and is crucial to the accuracy of the final forecast.

[0003] Existing technologies primarily collect seismic wave data through wired acquisition systems. These systems rely on cables to connect key components, including sensors, acquisition instruments, triggers, and a host computer. In limited construction sites, installation and commissioning of complex mechanical equipment, as well as manual wiring and cable recovery, are challenging and pose significant safety risks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a seismic wave data acquisition method, device and system to solve the technical problem that various mechanical equipment splicing and manual wiring and reeling are difficult to carry out in construction sites with limited space due to existing seismic wave data acquisition methods.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a seismic wave data acquisition method, which is applied to a seismic wave data acquisition device, the device comprising: a host computer, a trigger, and multiple wireless acquisition devices, the trigger and the multiple wireless acquisition devices being time synchronized, and the method comprising:

[0006] When the trigger detects that the seismic wave intensity is greater than a preset intensity threshold, the trigger transmits a first trigger signal to the multiple wireless collectors, and the trigger and the multiple wireless collectors all start collecting seismic wave data;

[0007] When the acquisition time reaches a preset time threshold, the trigger transmits a second trigger signal to the multiple wireless acquisition devices, and the trigger and the multiple wireless acquisition devices stop acquiring seismic wave data; wherein the trigger acquires the first seismic wave data, and each of the wireless acquisition devices acquires the second seismic wave data;

[0008] The host computer obtains third seismic wave data based on the first seismic wave data and a plurality of the second seismic wave data, so as to perform advanced geological prediction based on the third seismic wave data.

[0009] In one possible design, the first seismic wave data and each of the second seismic wave data are added with a timestamp.

[0010] In a possible design, the host computer obtains third seismic wave data according to the first seismic wave data and a plurality of the second seismic wave data, including:

[0011] Obtaining an acquisition start time and an acquisition end time according to a timestamp of the first seismic wave data;

[0012] intercepting each second seismic wave data according to the acquisition start time and the acquisition end time, respectively, to obtain fourth seismic wave data corresponding to each wireless acquisition instrument;

[0013] The third seismic wave data is obtained according to the first seismic wave data and a plurality of the fourth seismic wave data.

[0014] In one possible design, a first clock synchronization module is installed on the trigger, and a second clock synchronization module is installed on each of the wireless collectors;

[0015] Before the trigger transmits the first trigger signal to the multiple wireless collectors, the method further includes:

[0016] The first clock synchronization module performs satellite time synchronization;

[0017] The first clock synchronization module sends a pulse signal to multiple second clock synchronization modules;

[0018] Each of the second clock synchronization modules performs time synchronization with the first clock synchronization module according to the pulse signal.

[0019] In one possible design, the device is located in a tunnel, and a third clock synchronization module is provided outside the tunnel, wherein the third clock synchronization module has completed satellite time synchronization;

[0020] The first clock synchronization module performs satellite time synchronization, including:

[0021] Requesting time synchronization from the third clock synchronization module to receive the synchronization message instruction and the first time fed back by the third clock synchronization module;

[0022] requesting delay measurement from the third clock synchronization module according to the synchronization message instruction, and recording a second time when the third clock synchronization module receives the delay measurement request;

[0023] Determine whether the first clock synchronization module completes satellite time synchronization according to the first time and the second time.

[0024] In a possible design, the apparatus further includes a seismic source.

[0025] When the seismic wave is caused by the seismic source, the third seismic wave data are used for geological structure prediction.

[0026] When the seismic wave is not caused by the seismic source, the third seismic wave data are used for rock burst risk prediction.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present application provides a seismic wave data acquisition apparatus, which includes a host computer, a trigger, and a plurality of wireless acquisition instruments, wherein the trigger and the plurality of wireless acquisition instruments are time-synchronized.

[0028] The apparatus is configured to perform the seismic wave data acquisition method provided in the first aspect of the present application.

[0029] In a possible design, the apparatus further includes a trigger sensor installed on the trigger, and a three-component sensor installed on each of the wireless acquisition instruments.

[0030] In a possible design, the apparatus further includes a network communication module in communication connection with the host computer, the trigger, and the plurality of wireless acquisition instruments.

[0031] In a third aspect, the present application provides a seismic wave data acquisition system, which includes a third clock synchronization module that has completed satellite time synchronization, and a seismic wave data acquisition apparatus provided in the second aspect of the present application in communication connection with the third clock synchronization module.

[0032] The present application provides a seismic wave data acquisition method, apparatus, and system. The seismic wave data acquisition method includes: when the trigger detects that the intensity of the seismic wave is greater than a preset intensity threshold, the trigger transmits a first trigger signal to a plurality of wireless acquisition instruments, and then the trigger and the plurality of wireless acquisition instruments start to acquire seismic wave data; when the acquisition duration reaches a preset time threshold, the trigger transmits a second trigger signal to the plurality of wireless acquisition instruments, and then the trigger and the plurality of wireless acquisition instruments stop acquiring seismic wave data; and a host computer obtains third seismic wave data according to first seismic wave data and a plurality of second seismic wave data, so as to facilitate advanced geological prediction according to the third seismic wave data. Based on the above method, the following technical effects are achieved: the seismic wave data are acquired by combining the wireless acquisition mode of the trigger and the wireless acquisition instrument, the arrangement is simple, the operation is convenient, remote communication and data transmission can effectively avoid the installation and debugging of complex mechanical equipment and the process of manual wiring and cable recovery, the efficiency is improved, and the device safety hazard and device cost are significantly reduced; for an environment with limited spatial range, the seismic wave data can be simply, quickly, accurately, and effectively acquired by the wireless acquisition mode, and high-quality seismic wave data are provided for advanced geological prediction by the seismic wave method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario of the seismic wave data acquisition method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the process of the seismic wave data acquisition method provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the process of the seismic wave data acquisition method provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 .

[0037] Description of reference numerals:

[0038] 100 - device; 110 - source; 111 - trigger sensor; 112 - trigger; 113 - first clock synchronization module; 114 - wireless data collector; 115 - three-component sensor; 116 - second clock synchronization module; 117 - network communication module; 118 - host computer; 119 - adverse geology. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements, unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish between identical or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art will understand that words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity and execution order, and words such as "first" and "second" do not necessarily limit differences. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described in this application as "exemplary" or "for example" should not be interpreted as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete way. In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more" refers to two or more.

[0041] First, the relevant concepts or terms involved in this application are explained:

[0042] Seismic wave data: Seismic wave data includes source parameters such as epicenter location, focal depth, and earthquake occurrence time. Recorded through metadata fields such as event latitude, longitude, and depth, this data is the basis for earthquake location and magnitude calculation. By collecting seismic wave data and analyzing its characteristics in real time, rockburst risk warnings and geological interpretation can be achieved.

[0043] In order to clearly understand the technical solution of the present application, the solution of the prior art is first introduced.

[0044] Existing technologies primarily collect seismic wave data through wired acquisition systems. These rely on cables connecting key components such as sensors, acquisition instruments, triggers, and host computers. In limited construction sites, installation and commissioning of complex mechanical equipment, as well as manual wiring and cable recovery, are challenging and pose safety risks. Cable damage, caused by construction and other factors, can also increase system maintenance costs.

[0045] At the same time, in the wired acquisition system, the voltage or current analog signal collected by the sensor is easily affected by electromagnetic interference from large construction machinery in the tunnel when transmitted through the cable, which affects the quality of the collected signal.

[0046] In summary, in a construction site with limited space, how to design a method that can solve the technical problems of various mechanical equipment splicing and manual wiring and reeling caused by the existing seismic wave data acquisition method is an urgent problem that needs to be solved in this application.

[0047] Therefore, aiming at the above technical problems existing in the prior art, the embodiment of the present application provides a seismic wave data acquisition method, device and system, which can be used in the technical field of seismic wave data acquisition, and aims to acquire seismic wave data by using a wireless acquisition mode, so as to effectively avoid the installation and debugging of complex mechanical equipment and the processes of manual wiring and cable recovery.

[0048] The application scenario of the seismic wave data acquisition method provided by the embodiment of the present application is introduced below. The following application scenario is only an example, and the purpose is to help those skilled in the art to understand the technical content of the present application, but it does not mean that the embodiment of the present application cannot be used in other devices, systems, environments or scenarios.

[0049] 1) applied to a device comprising a host computer, a network communication module, a seismic source, a trigger sensor installed on the seismic source, a trigger connected with the trigger sensor, a clock synchronization module installed on the trigger, two wireless acquisition instruments, three-component sensors and clock synchronization modules respectively installed on each wireless acquisition instrument. Figure 1 The application scenario diagram of the seismic wave data acquisition method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown as Figure 1 The device 100 is a device to which the seismic wave data acquisition method provided by the embodiment of the present application is applied, and the device comprises a seismic source 110, a trigger sensor 111 installed on the seismic source 110, a trigger 112 connected with the trigger sensor 111, a first clock synchronization module 113 installed on the trigger 112, two wireless acquisition instruments 114, three-component sensors 115 and second clock synchronization modules 116 installed on each wireless acquisition instrument 114, a network communication module 117 and a host computer 118. The seismic wave data acquisition method provided by the embodiment of the present application and the device are used to perform geological interpretation on adverse geology 119.

[0050] The seismic source 110 is responsible for stimulating seismic wave signals, the trigger sensor 111 is responsible for receiving the seismic wave signals and converting them into electrical signals, and the three-component sensor 115 is responsible for receiving and converting seismic wave signals in the X, Y, and Z directions. The first clock synchronization module 113 and the second clock synchronization module 116 are responsible for time synchronization between the trigger 112 and the wireless collector 114, as well as between different wireless collectors 114. When the trigger 112 detects that the seismic wave intensity is greater than a preset intensity threshold, the trigger 112 and the wireless collector 114 begin collecting seismic wave data; when the collection duration reaches a preset time threshold, the trigger 112 and the wireless collector 114 stop collecting seismic wave data. The host computer 118 receives the seismic wave data collected by the trigger 112 and the wireless collector 114 during the collection duration via the network communication module 117. The seismic wave data collection method provided in the embodiments of the present application features simple layout, convenient operation, remote communication and data transmission, and can effectively avoid the installation and commissioning of complex mechanical equipment and the manual wiring and cable recovery processes, significantly reducing equipment safety risks and equipment costs while improving efficiency.

[0051] 2) Applications in scenarios such as railway tunnels, highway tunnels, and water diversion tunnels. Seismic wave data can provide important ground motion information for tunnel design and construction, helping to analyze the characteristics of seismic activity and seismic wave propagation in the tunnel area. The seismic wave data acquisition method provided in the embodiments of this application can collect accurate seismic wave data, which can be used to optimize the seismic design of tunnels.

[0052] The embodiments of the present application are introduced below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0053] The following specific embodiments describe in detail the technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems. The following specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the process of the seismic wave data acquisition method provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 The method is applied to a seismic wave data acquisition device, which includes: a host computer, a trigger, and multiple wireless acquisition devices. The trigger and the multiple wireless acquisition devices are all time synchronized. The seismic wave data acquisition method provided in this embodiment includes the following steps:

[0055] S101: When a trigger detects that the intensity of a seismic wave is greater than a preset intensity threshold, the trigger transmits a first trigger signal to multiple wireless collectors, and then the trigger and the multiple wireless collectors all start collecting seismic wave data.

[0056] In this embodiment, the host computer first wakes up the trigger and the multiple wireless collectors; then, the host computer transmits collection parameters such as a preset intensity threshold, collection frequency, and preset time threshold to the trigger and the multiple wireless collectors.

[0057] After the seismic wave is excited, when the seismic wave intensity is greater than the preset intensity threshold, the trigger starts to collect seismic wave data and transmits a first trigger signal to multiple wireless collectors. After receiving the first trigger signal, the multiple wireless collectors start to collect seismic wave data.

[0058] Seismic wave data acquisition through wireless acquisition, combining triggers and wireless data acquisition instruments, offers simple layout, convenient operation, and remote communication and data transmission. This effectively avoids the installation and commissioning of complex mechanical equipment and the manual wiring and cable recovery processes, improving efficiency while significantly reducing equipment safety risks and costs. Furthermore, wireless acquisition enables simple, rapid, accurate, and efficient acquisition of seismic wave data in limited spatial environments, providing high-quality data for advanced geological forecasting using seismic wave methods.

[0059] S102: When the acquisition time reaches a preset time threshold, the trigger transmits a second trigger signal to the multiple wireless acquisition devices, and the trigger and the multiple wireless acquisition devices stop acquiring seismic wave data.

[0060] In this embodiment, the trigger collects and obtains the first seismic wave data, and each wireless collector collects and obtains the second seismic wave data.

[0061] In this embodiment, the moment when the seismic wave intensity exceeds a preset intensity threshold is used as the trigger zero point. When the acquisition duration reaches the preset time threshold, the trigger stops acquiring seismic wave data and transmits a second trigger signal to the multiple wireless data collectors. Upon receiving the second trigger signal, the multiple wireless data collectors stop acquiring seismic wave data. The multiple wireless data collectors also stop acquiring seismic wave data upon receiving a stop acquisition instruction from the host computer.

[0062] Specifically, the first seismic wave data is the seismic wave data obtained by the trigger within the acquisition time, and the second seismic wave data is the seismic wave data obtained by each wireless collector within the acquisition time.

[0063] S103: The host computer obtains third seismic wave data according to the first seismic wave data and the plurality of second seismic wave data, so as to perform advanced geological prediction according to the third seismic wave data.

[0064] In this embodiment, the host computer is a general term for computers and software such as laptops or industrial computers, which are mainly used to wake up the trigger and multiple wireless collectors, and transmit collection parameters such as preset intensity threshold, collection frequency and preset time threshold to the trigger and multiple wireless collectors; after stopping collecting seismic wave data, it receives seismic wave data from the trigger and multiple wireless collectors, and intercepts and stores the seismic wave data collected by the wireless collector according to the start time and end time of the seismic wave data collected by the trigger.

[0065] After the trigger stops collecting seismic wave data, the collected first seismic wave data is transmitted to the host computer; after each wireless collector stops collecting seismic wave data, the collected multiple second seismic wave data are transmitted to the host computer.

[0066] The host computer intercepts multiple second seismic wave data according to the start time and end time of the first seismic wave data to obtain third seismic wave data, and stores the third seismic wave data to the local hard disk to facilitate advanced geological prediction based on the third seismic wave data.

[0067] The present application provides a method for collecting seismic wave data, which includes: when a trigger detects that the seismic wave intensity is greater than a preset intensity threshold, the trigger transmits a first trigger signal to multiple wireless collectors, and the trigger and the multiple wireless collectors all start collecting seismic wave data; when the collection time reaches a preset time threshold, the trigger transmits a second trigger signal to the multiple wireless collectors, and the trigger and the multiple wireless collectors all stop collecting seismic wave data; the host computer obtains third seismic wave data based on the first seismic wave data and the multiple second seismic wave data, so as to facilitate advanced geological prediction based on the third seismic wave data. Based on the above method, the following technical effects are achieved: seismic wave data is collected by combining the wireless collection method of the trigger and the wireless collector, which has a simple layout, convenient operation, remote communication and data transmission, and can effectively avoid the installation and debugging of complex mechanical equipment and the process of manual wiring and cable recovery, while improving efficiency and significantly reducing equipment safety hazards and equipment costs; for environments with limited spatial range, seismic wave data can be collected simply, quickly, accurately and effectively through wireless collection, providing high-quality seismic wave data for advanced geological prediction using the seismic wave method.

[0068] In one possible design, the first seismic wave data and each second seismic wave data in S102 are both added with a timestamp.

[0069] Specifically, the first seismic wave data is timestamped, meaning each data point within the first seismic wave data is timestamped to indicate the corresponding acquisition time. Similarly, the second seismic wave data is timestamped, meaning each data point within the second seismic wave data is timestamped to indicate the corresponding acquisition time. The host computer receives the first seismic wave data and multiple second seismic wave data points as timestamped seismic wave data. By recording the acquisition time of each seismic wave data point, the timestamp ensures strict temporal alignment between the trigger and each wireless data collector, achieving precise synchronization of multi-source data.

[0070] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the process of the seismic wave data acquisition method provided in the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 This embodiment further explains the seismic wave data acquisition method based on the above embodiment. Figure 3 As shown, S103 includes:

[0071] S201. Obtain an acquisition start time and an acquisition end time according to a timestamp of the first seismic wave data.

[0072] In this embodiment, the acquisition start time and the acquisition end time of the first seismic wave data can be obtained according to the acquisition time corresponding to each data included in the first seismic wave data.

[0073] S202 : intercept each second seismic wave data according to the acquisition start time and the acquisition end time, and obtain fourth seismic wave data corresponding to each wireless acquisition device.

[0074] In this embodiment, each second seismic wave data item is intercepted based on the acquisition start and end times of the first seismic wave data item, resulting in seismic wave data items collected by each wireless data collector, whose acquisition duration is consistent with the acquisition duration of the trigger, i.e., fourth seismic wave data items. Maintaining consistent acquisition durations between the trigger and the wireless data collector ensures synchronization of the seismic wave data time windows, facilitating accurate analysis of the propagation characteristics and waveform of the seismic wave data.

[0075] S203 . Obtain third seismic wave data according to the first seismic wave data and a plurality of fourth seismic wave data.

[0076] After interception, the acquisition time of the fourth seismic wave data remains the same as that of the first seismic wave data. The fourth seismic wave data and the first seismic wave data are first filtered, and then vector synthesis is performed on the fourth seismic wave data to obtain fused seismic wave data in the X, Y, and Z directions. Then, amplitude normalization and weighted signal fusion are performed on the first seismic wave data and the fused seismic wave data in the X, Y, and Z directions to obtain the third seismic wave data.

[0077] Based on the above embodiment, this embodiment further explains the seismic wave data acquisition method. In this embodiment, a first clock synchronization module is installed on the trigger, and a second clock synchronization module is installed on each wireless acquisition instrument. Before S101, the method further includes:

[0078] S301: A first clock synchronization module performs satellite time synchronization.

[0079] In this embodiment, the first clock synchronization module is the master clock synchronization module. The master clock synchronization module receives satellite signals containing high-precision time information generated by atomic clocks and calculates the transmission delay and position deviation of the satellite signals to calibrate the local time.

[0080] The first clock synchronization module and each first clock synchronization module are respectively built into the trigger and each wireless collector. They are in a dormant state. After being awakened by the host computer, they are in a working state and can send second pulses and timestamp waveforms for us-level time synchronization between the trigger and each wireless collector, and between each wireless collector.

[0081] S302: The first clock synchronization module sends a pulse signal to multiple second clock synchronization modules.

[0082] In this embodiment, the multiple second clock synchronization modules are multiple slave clock synchronization modules.

[0083] The master clock synchronization module sends pulse signals to the slave clock synchronization modules. Common pulse signals include second pulses and minute pulses. The rising edge of the second pulse marks the whole second with nanosecond accuracy and is used to trigger time calibration in the slave clock synchronization modules. Pulse signals are typically transmitted over physical lines such as coaxial cables and optical fibers, or using network protocols, to ensure low latency and low jitter.

[0084] S303: Each second clock synchronization module performs time synchronization with the first clock synchronization module according to the pulse signal.

[0085] In this embodiment, the slave clock synchronization module continuously detects the arrival time of the pulse signal sent by the master clock synchronization module, and calculates the phase difference between the local clock and the master clock. By adjusting the crystal oscillator frequency of the local clock so that it gradually approaches the crystal oscillator frequency of the master clock, the frequency synchronization and phase synchronization of the local clock and the master clock are achieved, and finally the clock signal synchronization between the master clock synchronization module and the slave clock synchronization module is achieved.

[0086] Seismic wave data acquisition is significantly affected by time synchronization errors. This requires not only precise source triggering, but also minimal time synchronization errors between the trigger and the acquisition instrument, and between different acquisition instruments. For example, with a detection accuracy of 1 meter, the propagation time in granite with a longitudinal wave velocity of 5000 m / s is approximately 200 μs. Therefore, a tunnel seismic wave wireless acquisition system must possess low-latency time synchronization. The first clock synchronization module and multiple second clock synchronization modules provide absolute time to the trigger and multiple wireless acquisition instruments, respectively, enabling μs-level time synchronization between the trigger and multiple wireless acquisition instruments, and between multiple wireless acquisition instruments. At a 50 kHz sampling frequency, the time synchronization error is 20 μs. By recording the source triggering moment and performing subsequent software processing on the acquisition instruments, the significant time delay caused by long-distance signal transmission is addressed. Ensuring clock synchronization between the trigger and the wireless acquisition instruments is crucial for accurate, reliable, and consistent seismic wave data, which is crucial for subsequent geological analysis and decision-making.

[0087] Based on the above embodiment, this embodiment further explains the seismic wave data acquisition method. In this embodiment, the seismic wave data acquisition device is located in a tunnel, and a third clock synchronization module is provided outside the tunnel. The third clock synchronization module has completed satellite time synchronization. S301 includes:

[0088] S401: Request time synchronization from a third clock synchronization module to receive a synchronization message instruction and a first time fed back by the third clock synchronization module.

[0089] In this embodiment, the third clock synchronization module has completed satellite time synchronization, obtained stable timing, and sends synchronization message instructions to the first clock synchronization module located in the tunnel through the Precision Time Protocol (PTP) protocol at a certain period. The first time is the moment when the third clock synchronization module sends the synchronization message instruction.

[0090] S402: Request delay measurement from the third clock synchronization module according to the synchronization message instruction, and record the second time when the third clock synchronization module receives the delay measurement request.

[0091] After receiving the synchronization message instruction sent by the third clock synchronization module, the first clock synchronization module makes a delay measurement request, and the third clock synchronization module responds to it. Through delay detection and data interaction between the third clock synchronization module and the first clock synchronization module, the time delay is calculated to obtain high-precision time synchronization.

[0092] Specifically, the calculation formula for the average delay time is:

[0093]

[0094] The calculation formula for the master-slave time deviation is:

[0095]

[0096] in, is the average delay time; t1 is the moment when the third clock synchronization module sends the synchronization message instruction, that is, the first time; t2 is the moment when the first clock synchronization module receives the synchronization message instruction; t3 is the moment when the first clock synchronization module requests delay measurement from the third clock synchronization module; t4 is the moment when the third clock synchronization module receives the delay measurement request sent by the first clock synchronization module, that is, the second time.

[0097] like If it is a positive value, it means that the first clock synchronization module is faster than the third clock synchronization module; if If it is a negative value, the first clock synchronization module lags behind the third clock synchronization module.

[0098] S403: Determine whether the first clock synchronization module completes satellite time synchronization according to the first time and the second time.

[0099] In this embodiment, when judging whether the first clock synchronization module has completed satellite time synchronization, Compared with the preset synchronization accuracy threshold, if If the absolute value is less than the preset synchronization accuracy threshold, it is determined that the first clock synchronization module is synchronized; if If the preset synchronization accuracy threshold is exceeded, it is necessary to readjust the crystal oscillator frequency or phase of the first clock synchronization module and re-initiate the synchronization process.

[0100] In tunnel environments, satellite timing functions fail. Conventional 2.4GHz wireless data acquisition systems typically experience time delays exceeding milliseconds, making it difficult to achieve long-term, stable, microsecond-level time synchronization. A third clock synchronization module, already synchronized with satellite time outside the tunnel, uses the PTP protocol to send synchronization message instructions to the first clock synchronization module inside the tunnel, achieving high-precision time synchronization between the first and third clock synchronization modules.

[0101] Based on the above embodiment, this embodiment further explains the seismic wave data acquisition method. In this embodiment, the seismic wave data acquisition device further includes: a seismic source.

[0102] When seismic waves are caused by earthquake sources, the third seismic wave data is used for geological structure prediction.

[0103] Specifically, the seismic source is a device such as a hammer, mechanical impact source, or cutterhead that can generate seismic waves in contact with the tunnel rock wall. When seismic waves are generated by active sources such as hammering or mechanical sources, or passive sources such as cutterhead rock-breaking sources, the third seismic wave data is used for geological structure prediction.

[0104] When the seismic wave is not caused by the earthquake source, the third seismic wave data is used to predict the rock burst risk.

[0105] Specifically, when seismic waves are excited by microseismic monitoring, the third seismic wave data is used to predict rock burst risks.

[0106] The present invention provides a seismic wave data acquisition device, comprising:

[0107] The device comprises: a host computer, a trigger and multiple wireless collectors, and the trigger and the multiple wireless collectors are all time synchronized.

[0108] The device is used to execute the seismic wave data acquisition method provided in the above embodiment.

[0109] The seismic wave data acquisition device provided in the embodiment of the present application is used to execute the seismic wave data acquisition method provided in the above embodiment. Its working mode and implementation effect are similar to the working mode and implementation effect of the seismic wave data acquisition method provided in the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0110] In one possible design, an embodiment of the present application provides a seismic wave data acquisition device, which also includes: a trigger sensor installed on a trigger, and a three-component sensor installed on each wireless collector.

[0111] Specifically, the trigger sensor is connected to the trigger and is a vibration sensor that receives the source signal. The three-component sensor is connected to the wireless data collector to receive the three components of the seismic wave signal propagating along the tunnel strata in the X, Y, and Z directions. The trigger collects the electrical signal from the trigger sensor, while the wireless data collector collects the electrical signal from the three-component sensor. The three-component sensor can be replaced with other sensor types, such as a single-component sensor.

[0112] At a sampling frequency of 50 kHz and a sampling duration of 1 second, the total amount of data collected by a trigger based on a single-component trigger sensor is approximately 0.19 MB. At a sampling frequency of 50 kHz and a sampling duration of 1 second, the total amount of data collected by a wireless data collector based on a three-component sensor is approximately 0.57 MB.

[0113] In this embodiment, the number of wireless data collectors is greater than or equal to 2, and a single wireless data collector can be connected to a maximum of 4 three-component sensors.

[0114] In one possible design, an embodiment of the present application provides a seismic wave data acquisition device, which also includes: a network communication module that is communicatively connected to a host computer, a trigger, and multiple wireless acquisition instruments.

[0115] Specifically, the network communication module is used for wireless communication and data transmission between the host computer, the trigger and the wireless collector. For example, an 802.11 wifi communication device can be used, and no specific limitation is made here.

[0116] In this embodiment, the host computer wakes up the trigger and each wireless data collector via a network communication module. The host computer transmits acquisition parameters, such as a preset intensity threshold, acquisition frequency, and a preset time threshold, to the trigger and each wireless data collector via the network communication module. When the seismic wave intensity exceeds the preset intensity threshold, the trigger transmits a first trigger signal to the multiple wireless data collectors via the network communication module. When the acquisition duration reaches a preset time threshold, the trigger transmits a second trigger signal to the multiple wireless data collectors via the network communication module. When the acquisition duration reaches the preset time threshold, the trigger uploads the acquired first seismic wave data to the host computer via the network communication module, and each wireless data collector uploads the acquired second seismic wave data to the host computer via the network communication module.

[0117] An embodiment of the present application provides a seismic wave data acquisition system, which includes: a third clock synchronization module that has completed satellite time synchronization, and a seismic wave data acquisition device as provided in the above embodiment, which is communicatively connected to the third clock synchronization module.

[0118] So far, the technical solution of the present application has been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the scope of protection of the present application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, ordinary technicians in this field should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some or all of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solution to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of each embodiment of the present application.

Claims

1. A seismic wave data acquisition method, characterized in that: The method is applied to a seismic wave data acquisition device, which includes: a host computer, a trigger, and multiple wireless acquisition devices, and the trigger and the multiple wireless acquisition devices are all time synchronized. The method includes: When the trigger detects that the seismic wave intensity is greater than a preset intensity threshold, the trigger transmits a first trigger signal to the multiple wireless collectors, and the trigger and the multiple wireless collectors all start collecting seismic wave data; When the acquisition time reaches a preset time threshold, the trigger transmits a second trigger signal to the multiple wireless acquisition devices, and the trigger and the multiple wireless acquisition devices stop acquiring seismic wave data; wherein the trigger acquires the first seismic wave data, and each of the wireless acquisition devices acquires the second seismic wave data; The host computer obtains third seismic wave data based on the first seismic wave data and a plurality of the second seismic wave data, so as to perform advanced geological prediction based on the third seismic wave data.

2. The seismic wave data acquisition method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first seismic wave data and each of the second seismic wave data are both added with a time stamp.

3. The seismic wave data acquisition method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The host computer obtains third seismic wave data according to the first seismic wave data and a plurality of the second seismic wave data, including: Obtaining an acquisition start time and an acquisition end time according to a timestamp of the first seismic wave data; intercepting each second seismic wave data according to the acquisition start time and the acquisition end time, respectively, to obtain fourth seismic wave data corresponding to each wireless acquisition instrument; The third seismic wave data is obtained according to the first seismic wave data and a plurality of the fourth seismic wave data.

4. The seismic wave data acquisition method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger is equipped with a first clock synchronization module, and each of the wireless collectors is equipped with a second clock synchronization module; Before the trigger transmits the first trigger signal to the multiple wireless collectors, the method further includes: The first clock synchronization module performs satellite time synchronization; The first clock synchronization module sends a pulse signal to multiple second clock synchronization modules; Each of the second clock synchronization modules performs time synchronization with the first clock synchronization module according to the pulse signal.

5. The seismic wave data acquisition method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The device is located in a tunnel, and a third clock synchronization module is provided outside the tunnel, wherein the third clock synchronization module has completed satellite time synchronization; The first clock synchronization module performs satellite time synchronization, including: Requesting time synchronization from the third clock synchronization module to receive the synchronization message instruction and the first time fed back by the third clock synchronization module; requesting delay measurement from the third clock synchronization module according to the synchronization message instruction, and recording a second time when the third clock synchronization module receives the delay measurement request; Determine whether the first clock synchronization module completes satellite time synchronization according to the first time and the second time.

6. The seismic wave data acquisition method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device further comprises: a seismic source; When the seismic wave is caused by the earthquake source, the third seismic wave data is used to predict geological structures; When the seismic wave is not caused by the earthquake source, the third seismic wave data is used to predict the rock burst risk.

7. A seismic wave data acquisition device, characterized in that: The device comprises: a host computer, a trigger and a plurality of wireless collectors, wherein the trigger and the plurality of wireless collectors are all time synchronized; The device is used to execute the seismic wave data acquisition method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. The seismic wave data acquisition device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The device further comprises: a trigger sensor installed on the trigger, and a three-component sensor installed on each of the wireless collectors.

9. The seismic wave data acquisition device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The device further includes a network communication module that is communicatively connected to the host computer, the trigger, and the plurality of wireless collectors.

10. A seismic wave data acquisition system, characterized in that: The system includes: a third clock synchronization module that has completed satellite time synchronization, and a seismic wave data acquisition device according to any one of claims 7 to 9, which is communicatively connected to the third clock synchronization module.

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