Aluminum pipe extrusion molding apparatus and molding method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of aluminium pipe extrusion forming equipment and its forming method, the present application relates to aluminium pipe extrusion forming technical field, including extrusion device and control module, the right side of the extrusion device is provided with rotating mechanism, the left side of the extrusion device is provided with fixed die, the inside left side of the fixed die is fixedly connected with forming die, the right side of the forming die is fixedly connected with shunt die, the upside of the forming die, shunt die is provided with fixed block, the present application is provided with rotating mechanism, can be pre-rotated to its surface before aluminium bar extrusion, whether the uniformity of aluminium bar outer wall lubricant spraying is identified by the change of output torque in the process of rotation, and then advance to extract supplementary spray when lubrication is uneven, avoid the difference of metal flow rate caused by uneven friction, mould local heating and subsequent wall thickness deviation problem, with the characteristics of practicality and can realize the high consistency control of forming process.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of aluminum pipe extrusion forming, in particular to an aluminum pipe extrusion forming equipment and a forming method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Aluminum pipes are widely used in the fields of automobiles, rail transit, building curtain walls and aerospace due to their light weight, high strength, corrosion resistance and other advantages. In the existing aluminum pipe extrusion forming technology, hot extrusion is generally used, and the heated aluminum rod is pushed into a special mold under high temperature and pressure to form a solid or hollow aluminum pipe. In order to improve the structural strength of the product, special mold structures such as split-flow bridge, welding angle and inclined curved wall are used in some technologies to optimize the flow channel geometry, improve the welding effect and enhance the tensile and yield properties.

[0003] A kind of aluminum pipe extrusion forming die and device are disclosed in the Chinese patent with publication number CN111330994B, which is mainly used to solve the problem of low weld strength and poor welding quality in the traditional aluminum pipe seam welding process. The scheme combines a split-flow die with a forming die that has an inclined curved wall structure, forming a spiral flow channel inside the mold and guiding the aluminum material to move along a spiral path during extrusion. The multiple split-flow fluids converge in the forming die and form stable welding. At the same time, a spiral steel wire core material is introduced into the aluminum pipe cavity, and it is embedded into the aluminum material through high-pressure extrusion to form an aluminum-clad steel structure, thereby significantly improving the compressive strength and tensile properties of the formed aluminum pipe.

[0004] However, the existing technology has the following problems that need to be solved: First, during the pretreatment and extrusion preparation stage of the aluminum rod, there is a lack of effective detection of the temperature and uniformity of the lubrication of the raw material, which can easily cause differences in metal flow rate due to uneven surface lubrication or local overheating, thereby causing extrusion bias, eccentricity and subsequent bending. Second, during the extrusion of the aluminum material, there is a lack of dynamic monitoring and feedback control means for the density and temperature of each side of the pipe material after the mold, making it difficult to identify abnormal flow rate or local blockage inside the mold in a timely manner, resulting in defects such as uneven wall thickness and eccentric bending of the finished pipe material.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an aluminum pipe extrusion forming equipment and method that has intelligent monitoring and multi-parameter feedback control capabilities throughout the process, which can identify the state of the aluminum rod before extrusion, dynamically adjust the cooling intensity on each side during forming, and record the deflection information in real time during the ejection stage, thereby achieving high consistency control during the forming process and improving the structural quality and production efficiency of the aluminum pipe. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide an aluminum pipe extrusion forming equipment and a forming method thereof to solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a kind of aluminum pipe extrusion forming equipment, extrusion device, its inside is provided with the extrusion channel that passes through left and right, for accommodating the aluminum bar that is heated treatment;

[0008] Rotary mechanism, it is arranged at the right side of the extrusion device, for determining the lubricity of aluminum bar surface;

[0009] Fixed mould, it is arranged at the left side of the extrusion device, and the mounting groove on the fixed mould is sequentially arranged from left to right into forming mould, shunt mould, for the aluminum bar is shaped and shunt to form hollow structure;

[0010] Fixed block, it is installed above the forming mould and shunt mould, and its outer wall is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove of the fixed mould;

[0011] Speed control mechanism, it is arranged at the left side of the fixed mould, for adjusting the extrusion flow rate of aluminum bar;

[0012] Recording mechanism, it is arranged at the left side of the fixed mould, for recording the deflection information of aluminum pipe in the forming process;

[0013] Wherein, the forming mould, shunt mould and the extrusion channel height in the extrusion device are consistent, and the three together form a communicating cavity, to guide the uniform forming of aluminum material.

[0014] According to the above technical solutions, the rotary mechanism includes transmission assembly, motor, first temperature detection module;

[0015] The motor is used to drive transmission assembly to rotate and is electrically connected with control module, and the control module is used to monitor the output torque of the motor;

[0016] The first temperature detection module is electrically connected with control module, for detecting the surface temperature of aluminum bar.

[0017] According to the above technical solutions, the transmission assembly includes gear, the gear is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor, the motor is fixed on the right upper surface of the extrusion device, the right side of the extrusion device is rotatably connected with a swivel ring through a bearing, the center of the swivel ring is lower than the middle part of the extrusion channel, the upper side of the swivel ring is engaged with the outer wall of the gear, the outer wall of the swivel ring is fixedly connected with a telescopic device, the output end of the telescopic device is arranged in the inner side of the swivel ring and is fixedly connected with a clamping block, for clamping aluminum bar to realize rotation.

[0018] According to the above technical solutions, the swivel ring is a hollow ring structure, three first temperature detection modules are arranged outside the swivel ring, three telescopic devices are arranged on the swivel ring, and the first temperature detection modules are arranged at intervals with the swivel ring.

[0019] According to the technical scheme, the speed control mechanism comprises a fixed plate, one end of the fixed plate is fixedly connected with the left side of the outer wall of the extrusion device, the other end extends to the left side of the forming die and is fixedly installed with an ultrasonic density detection module and a second temperature detection module, output ends of the ultrasonic density detection module and the second temperature detection module are towards the middle part of the left side of the forming die, the ultrasonic density detection module is used for detecting the density of the aluminum pipe, and the second temperature detection module is used for detecting the temperature of the aluminum pipe.

[0020] According to the technical scheme, the outer wall of the fixed die is fixedly connected with a refrigeration device, the refrigeration device is electrically connected with the control module, a refrigeration end of the refrigeration device is connected to the left side of the forming die through a flow guide pipe, a groove is arranged in the outer wall of the left side of the forming die, and the flow guide pipe is embedded in the groove.

[0021] According to the technical scheme, the left side of the forming die is provided with four groups of speed control mechanisms, the four groups of speed control mechanisms correspond to four sides of the aluminum pipe forming, and a surrounding arrangement structure is formed to realize independent detection and regulation of the density and temperature of multiple sides.

[0022] According to the technical scheme, the recording mechanism comprises a torsion angle measuring module, the torsion angle measuring module is fixedly connected with the left side of the fixed die, an input end of the torsion angle measuring module is fixedly connected with a deflection rod, one end of the deflection rod extends to the left side of the forming die and is rotatably connected with a rotating drum through a bearing, an outer wall of the deflection rod is fixedly connected with a spring, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected with the left side of the fixed die.

[0023] According to the technical scheme, the rotating drum is arranged at a position corresponding to the outlet of the left side of the forming die, the spring is used for supporting the deflection rod to keep the rotating drum in contact with the outer wall of the aluminum pipe, the torsion angle measuring module is electrically connected with the control module, and the control module can monitor and record the measured value of the torsion angle measuring module.

[0024] The application also discloses an aluminum pipe extrusion forming method, which is used for the aluminum pipe extrusion forming device and comprises the following steps.

[0025] Step one: place the fixed-length aluminum rod in the heating furnace, heat it to 400 DEG C at a rate of 10 DEG C / min to eliminate internal stress, then heat it to a plastic deformation temperature of 480 DEG C ± 5 DEG C, detect the surface temperature of the aluminum rod through the first temperature detection module, and judge whether the extrusion condition is met;

[0026] Step two: send the heated aluminum rod into the right end of the extrusion device, push the clamping block to clamp the aluminum rod through the start of the telescopic device, control the motor to drive the gear to rotate the rotating ring, make the aluminum rod rotate and rub, and monitor the torque change of the aluminum rod through the control module to judge whether the lubrication is uniform, and if the set threshold is exceeded, the lubricant is sprayed again.

[0027] Step three: the forming die and the flow distribution die are heated to 420 DEG C ~ 480 DEG C in advance and then installed in the fixed die, so that the forming die and the flow distribution die are connected with the extrusion channel in the extrusion device to form a communication cavity, and the fixed block is fixed, ready for the extrusion process;

[0028] Step four: the aluminum bar is pressed into the extrusion device by the hydraulic push rod, and under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the aluminum material is sequentially formed by the forming die and the flow distribution die, and the aluminum pipe with a middle hole structure is extruded;

[0029] Step five: in the process of extruding the aluminum pipe from the left side of the forming die, the ultrasonic density detection module arranged on the fixed plate detects the density around the aluminum pipe, the second temperature detection module detects the surface temperature of the aluminum pipe, and the control module starts the corresponding side of the refrigerator to control the flow guide pipe to adjust the cooling according to the detection result, so that the flow rate and the density uniformity of each side of the aluminum pipe are dynamically corrected.

[0030] Step six: when the aluminum pipe is out of the die, the outer wall of the aluminum pipe is in contact with the rotating drum, if the aluminum pipe is twisted, the deflection rod is deflected, the torsion angle measuring module records the deflection angle, and the system synchronously marks the position information with the detection data of the second temperature detection module and the ultrasonic density detection module as a reference basis for subsequent quality tracking and straightening.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present application are: the present application can pre-rotate the surface of the aluminum bar before extrusion by arranging the rotating mechanism, and the uniformity of the lubricant sprayed on the outer wall of the aluminum bar can be identified by the change of the output torque during rotation, and the supplementary spraying can be extracted in advance when the lubrication is uneven, so that the metal flow rate difference, local mold temperature rise and subsequent wall thickness deviation problems caused by uneven friction are avoided, and the stability and consistency of the extrusion process are effectively improved.

[0032] By arranging the ultrasonic density detection module, the second temperature detection module, the refrigerator and the flow guide pipe, the density around the aluminum pipe and the surface temperature of the aluminum pipe during the extrusion process can be monitored in real time, and the local temperature of the inner wall of the mold can be automatically adjusted when the density is uneven or the temperature of one side is too high, so that the metal flow rate of the area is reduced, the density of each side of the aluminum material after the die is balanced, and the problems of bending deformation and natural aging time extension of the pipe caused by the density gradient are improved.

[0033] By arranging the torsion angle measuring module, the deflection rod, the rotating drum and the spring, whether the outer wall of the aluminum pipe is twisted during the extrusion process can be detected in real time, the offset of the rotating drum is recorded and the deflection data is output by the torsion angle measuring module, so that the rotation error of the pipe caused by insufficient centering of the mold and uneven distribution of aluminum material during the extrusion process can be accurately judged, and the position index basis and structure reference for the subsequent straightening stage are provided, so that the defect tracing and repair efficiency is improved.

[0034] By setting the first temperature detection module and the second temperature detection module, the temperature data of the aluminum bar before extrusion and the aluminum pipe when it is out of the mold can be collected respectively, the friction heat distribution, the abnormal mold heat dissipation or the lubrication state can be judged by temperature difference comparison, and the lubrication system can be triggered to spray or the mold inspection reminder can be triggered when the out-of-mold temperature is continuously high, the response ability of the system to the equipment abnormality is improved, and the problems such as sticking of aluminum material to the mold, cracking or uneven organization caused by overheating are avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and are meant to explain the present application and are not intended to limit the application. In the drawings:

[0036] Figure 1 is a schematic view of the right side structure of the present application;

[0037] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the left side structure of the present application;

[0038] Figure 3 is a schematic view of the structure at the left side of the fixed mold of the present application;

[0039] Figure 4 is a schematic view of the structure at the right side of the fixed mold of the present application;

[0040] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the split structure of the present application;

[0041] Figure 6 is a schematic view of the rotating mechanism structure of the present application;

[0042] Figure 7 is a schematic view of the speed control mechanism structure of the present application;

[0043] In the drawings: 1, extrusion device; 2, rotating mechanism; 3, fixed mold; 4, forming mold; 5, flow dividing mold; 6, fixed block; 7, speed control mechanism; 8, recording mechanism; 201, motor; 202, gear; 203, rotating ring; 204, extender; 205, clamping block; 206, first temperature detection module; 701, fixed plate; 702, ultrasonic density detection module; 703, second temperature detection module; 704, refrigerator; 705, flow guide pipe; 801, torsion angle measurement module; 802, deflection lever; 803, rotating cylinder; 804, spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] With reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0045] Please refer to Figures 1-5 The present application provides a technical solution: an aluminum pipe extrusion forming equipment, comprising an extrusion device 1 and a control module, a rotating mechanism 2 is arranged on the right side of the extrusion device 1, a fixed mold 3 is arranged on the left side of the extrusion device 1, a forming mold 4 is fixedly connected to the inside left side of the fixed mold 3, a shunt mold 5 is fixedly connected to the right side of the forming mold 4, a fixed block 6 is arranged on the upper side of the forming mold 4 and the shunt mold 5, the outer wall of the fixed block 6 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the fixed mold 3, a speed control mechanism 7 and a recording mechanism 8 are arranged on the left side of the fixed mold 3, a mounting groove is formed on the fixed mold 3, the mounting groove is arranged in a U shape, an extrusion channel is formed in the middle of the extrusion device 1 and penetrates left and right, the extrusion channel is consistent in height with the forming mold 4 and the shunt mold 5, and a communication cavity is formed between the inside of the forming mold 4 and the shunt mold 5 and the inside of the extrusion channel;

[0046] In application, first, a fixed-length aluminum alloy round bar is cut, the diameter of the round bar is 5-10mm smaller than the diameter of the extrusion channel in the extrusion device 1, then the aluminum bar is placed in a heating furnace and heated in stages by electric heating or induction heating: first, the temperature is raised to 400℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min to eliminate internal stress, and then the temperature is quickly raised to the plastic deformation temperature interval of 480±5℃, after heating, the aluminum bar is conveyed to the right end of the extrusion device 1 by a mechanical clamp or a feeding system, and an appropriate amount of lubricant is applied to the surface of the aluminum bar or the inner wall of the extrusion device 1 as needed to reduce friction and prevent the aluminum material from sticking to the mold.

[0047] Then, the aluminum bar is pushed into the extrusion device 1 by a hydraulic push rod, and the forming mold 4 and the shunt mold 5 are installed in place after being heated in advance, the temperature of the forming mold 4 and the shunt mold 5 is usually controlled between 420℃ and 480℃ to ensure that the aluminum material is uniformly heated and structurally stable during extrusion, after the extruder is started, the aluminum bar is extruded through the mold under high temperature and high pressure, a core is arranged in the middle of the shunt mold 5 to form an inner hole, the formed aluminum pipe is guided out by a discharge chute, and is rapidly cooled by air cooling, water mist or forced cooling device to maintain dimensional stability and prevent overheating deformation.

[0048] The application provides an aluminum pipe extrusion forming equipment which is reasonable in structure, accurate in response and high in function integration, and the whole includes an extrusion device 1 provided with left and right through extrusion channels, a rotating mechanism 2 installed on the right side of the extrusion device 1, a fixed die 3 connected on the left side, a forming die 4 and a flow dividing die 5 installed in the fixed die 3 in sequence, a fixing block 6 located above the forming die 4 and the flow dividing die 5 for improving the stability of die assembly, a speed control mechanism 7 for adjusting the extrusion speed and a recording mechanism 8 for recording the deformation information of aluminum materials, the whole structure is arranged around the extrusion channel in a modular way to form a closed loop structure system from raw material input, heating extrusion, die forming to state acquisition feedback, wherein the aluminum bar is accurately pushed into the extrusion device 1 after being heated to a set plastic interval through the rotating mechanism 2, passes through the flow dividing die 5 and the forming die 4 arranged in sequence and is controlled to be formed under high temperature and high pressure, and finally is discharged after rapid cooling by the cooling device to form an aluminum pipe, in the process, the speed control mechanism 7 controls the flow rate of the aluminum pipe at the forming die 4, and the recording mechanism 8 continuously samples the stress deviation in the discharging stage to provide feedback support for the die flow channel state, the equipment not only integrates a high-precision transmission and heat control system, but also combines online monitoring, data recording and dynamic adjustment modules, and is especially suitable for modern industrial application scenarios which need to produce a large number of aluminum pipe products with high structural consistency.

[0049] The aluminum pipe extrusion forming equipment provided by the application can effectively improve the control accuracy and product consistency in the forming process, the speed control mechanism 7 can ensure uniformity while avoiding local flow deviation and extrusion bias caused by uneven heating of materials, the coaxial structure of the inner cavity of the extrusion device 1 and the forming die 4 and the flow dividing die 5 ensures the force symmetry of the aluminum bar and the thickness consistency of the pipe wall, and the recording mechanism 8 arranged on the left side of the equipment dynamically monitors and stores the stress and deflection of each discharged aluminum pipe, providing a reliable basis for subsequent product grading, die maintenance and equipment working condition diagnosis, the system expands the data acquisition and intelligent feedback adjustment function while ensuring the stability of the basic structure, effectively reduces the scrap rate and size fluctuation rate in the aluminum pipe production, realizes the whole process quality control from raw material feeding to product discharging, and significantly enhances the intelligent level and production efficiency of the equipment.

[0050] As a preferred example of the present application, please refer to Figures 1-6The rotating mechanism 2 comprises a transmission assembly, a motor 201, and a first temperature detection module 206. The motor 201 is used to drive the transmission assembly to rotate, and the motor 201 is electrically connected with a control module. The control module monitors the output torque of the motor 201. The first temperature detection module 206 can detect the surface temperature of the aluminum bar, and the first temperature detection module 206 is electrically connected with the control module. The transmission assembly comprises a gear 202. The inner wall of the gear 202 is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor 201. The lower side of the motor 201 is fixedly connected with the right upper surface of the extrusion device 1. The right side of the extrusion device 1 is rotatably connected with a rotating ring 203 through a bearing. The center of the rotating ring 203 is lower than the middle part of the extrusion channel. The upper side of the rotating ring 203 is engaged with the outer wall of the gear 202. The outer wall of the rotating ring 203 is fixedly connected with an extender 204. The output end of the extender 204 extends to the inner side of the rotating ring 203. One end of the extender 204 inside the rotating ring 203 is fixedly connected with a clamping block 205. The rotating ring 203 is a hollow ring structure. The first temperature detection module 206 is arranged outside the rotating ring 203. Three first temperature detection modules 206 are arranged outside the rotating ring 203. Three extenders 204 are arranged on the rotating ring 203.

[0051] After the aluminum bar enters the inside of the extrusion device 1 on one side, the control module starts the three extenders 204 to push the three clamping blocks 205 to clamp the aluminum bar. Then the motor 201 is started to drive the gear 202 to rotate. Since the outer part of the gear 202 is engaged with the outer wall of the rotating ring 203, the rotation of the gear 202 drives the rotating ring 203 to rotate, so that the rotating ring 203 drives the extender 204 and the aluminum bar to rotate. At this time, since the center of the rotating ring 203 is lower than the middle part of the extrusion channel, the outer wall of the aluminum bar rubs against the lower side of the inner wall of the extrusion device 1. The friction force is larger in the area where the lubricant on the outer wall of the aluminum bar is less. The control module determines the uniformity of the lubricant on the outer wall of the aluminum bar by detecting the output torque of the motor 201. By presetting a maximum threshold value, if the threshold value is exceeded, it is determined that the lubricant is less, and the aluminum bar is extracted to supplement the spraying. In this process, the first temperature detection module 206 continuously detects the temperature of the outer wall of the aluminum bar, and further detects the temperature uniformity of the outer wall of the aluminum bar.

[0052] The application further optimizes the design of the transmission assembly in the rotating mechanism 2 on the basis of the basic structure of the aluminum pipe extrusion forming equipment. When the aluminum bar heated is sent to the right side of the extrusion device 1 by the feeding mechanism and partially enters the area of the rotating mechanism 2, the control module first starts the motor 201 to drive the transmission assembly to rotate. At this time, the transmission assembly transmits power to the aluminum bar to make it rotate uniformly around the center axis. Since the outer wall of the aluminum bar may not be uniformly sprayed with lubricant, the friction between the aluminum bar and the inner wall of the extrusion device 1 during rotation will change due to local lubrication differences. The control module continuously obtains the real-time value of the motor output torque through the electrical connection with the motor and compares it with the preset standard value. Once the torque exceeds the limited threshold, it is judged that the lubrication state of the aluminum bar is abnormal, and the subsequent pushing operation is automatically suspended, and the operator is prompted to supplement the lubricant or reprocess the aluminum bar. During the rotation process, the first temperature detection module 206 arranged on the periphery of the rotating mechanism 2 also works synchronously. It measures the temperature of the rotating surface of the aluminum bar at multiple angle points in real time and transmits the obtained data to the control module for analysis. By comparing the deviation between the temperature values at different points, it can be judged whether the aluminum bar has reached a thermal equilibrium state before entering the mold. If there is a local overcooling or uneven heating condition, the processing process is also suspended. After the lubrication state and temperature distribution meet the set standard, the control module allows the start of the pushing mechanism to completely send the aluminum bar into the extrusion channel for subsequent high-pressure forming.

[0053] The application effectively realizes the double judgment mechanism of the lubrication state and temperature distribution of the aluminum bar before entering the extrusion forming cavity by adding the motor 201 and the first temperature detection module 206 in the rotating mechanism 2 and constructing the closed-loop control relationship with the control module. The motor 201 not only provides rotating power but also bears the execution element of lubrication evaluation. The friction difference in the contact process of the aluminum bar and the inner wall is inversely deduced by detecting the change of the output torque of the motor. If the lubricant is unevenly distributed, the friction force will abnormally increase to increase the torque of the motor. The control module can respond in time to avoid the abnormal entry into the forming area to cause the quality problems such as bias, mold blockage or uneven structure. The first temperature detection module 206 arranged in a non-contact manner can dynamically scan the surface temperature of the aluminum bar. The first temperature detection module 206 and the telescopic device 204 are staggered and spaced along the outside of the rotating ring 203. The heat monitoring function can be realized in structure and the space of the clamping driving structure is isolated to avoid signal interference. The dynamic surface coverage evaluation of the outer surface temperature of the aluminum bar can be realized through the synchronous collection of three-point temperature to make the heating uniformity judgment more accurate and reliable. The symmetrical support structure formed by the three-point clamping block 205 can ensure the axial stability and eccentricity-free operation of the aluminum bar in the rotating process. The quality problems such as initial bias, mold blockage or uneven pipe wall thickness caused by uneven heating or poor lubrication are greatly reduced. This preventive quality control mode before extrusion greatly enhances the adaptability of the system and the stability of the forming process. It not only improves the consistency and size accuracy of the product, but also reduces the risk of mold loss and material waste. It is especially suitable for high-performance aluminum alloy pipe manufacturing scenarios with high requirements for pipe wall thickness, inner hole coaxiality and outer circle eccentricity. It has obvious cost control advantage and quality guarantee value in industrial aluminum pipe manufacturing.

[0054] As a preferred example of the present application, please refer to Figures 1-7 The speed control mechanism 7 includes a fixed plate 701, one end of the fixed plate 701 is fixedly connected with the left side of the outer wall of the extrusion device 1, the other end of the fixed plate 701 extends to the left side of the forming die 4, the fixed plate 701 is fixedly connected with an ultrasonic density detection module 702 and a second temperature detection module 703 at the left side of the forming die 4, the output ends of the ultrasonic density detection module 702 and the second temperature detection module 703 are towards the middle part of the left side of the forming die 4, the outer wall of the fixed die 3 is fixedly connected with a refrigerator 704, the refrigerator 704 is electrically connected with the control module, the refrigeration end of the refrigerator 704 is fixedly connected with a flow guide pipe 705, the middle part of the flow guide pipe 705 is located at the left side of the forming die 4, and a groove is formed in the left side of the outer wall of the forming die 4, the middle part of the flow guide pipe 705 is located in the groove at the left side of the forming die 4, the ultrasonic density detection module 702 is used for detecting the density of the aluminum pipe, and the second temperature detection module 703 is used for detecting the temperature of the aluminum pipe, and four groups of speed control mechanisms 7 are arranged at the left side of the forming die 4;

[0055] When the aluminum rod is extruded through the left side of the forming die 4 to form an aluminum pipe, the ultrasonic density detection module 702 detects the density of the aluminum pipe in real time, four ultrasonic density detection modules 702 detect the four sides of the aluminum pipe, and the control module judges the uniformity of the aluminum pipe in real time to avoid uneven extrusion, which leads to large bending amplitude, long natural aging, etc. When the density of one side of the aluminum pipe is continuously low, the corresponding side of the refrigerator 704 is started to make the refrigerator 704 circulate the cooling medium in the flow guide pipe 705, thereby reducing the temperature of the inner wall of the forming die 4 on that side, slowing down the flow speed of the aluminum pipe, and increasing the density of the aluminum pipe on that side to tend to be uniform.

[0056] The second temperature detection module 703 monitors the temperature of the aluminum pipe, compares the temperature of the aluminum pipe with the temperature of the aluminum rod measured by the first temperature detection module 206, obtains the temperature change of the aluminum material after extrusion, and assists the control module to identify abnormal friction or lubrication failure. If the temperature of the aluminum rod is normal, but the temperature of the aluminum pipe after extrusion is abnormally high, it indicates that the friction of the mold is too large, which may be caused by poor lubrication or mold wear. The lubrication system is triggered to increase the amount of lubrication or the mold is reminded to be repaired. When the temperature of the aluminum pipe after extrusion is significantly higher on one side, it may be that the flow speed of the aluminum material is too fast or the pressure is concentrated in that area. The density detection can be linked to determine whether there is eccentricity, bias, or uneven wall thickness.

[0057] The extrusion device 1 collects the density of the pipe at different temperatures for a long time, and forms a relationship for comparison, which can more flexibly adjust the temperature of the inner wall of the forming die 4 when the density of the pipe fluctuates.

[0058] The application further provides a density and temperature coordinated detection and control structure for the extrusion forming process of an aluminum rod. When the aluminum rod is extruded through the left side of the forming die 4 to form an aluminum pipe, the ultrasonic density detection module 702 arranged on the four groups of speed control mechanisms 7 collects the density data of the four sides of the aluminum pipe in real time and transmits the data to the control module for comparison and analysis. If it is found that the density on one side is low and the trend is continuous, the control module will activate the corresponding refrigerator 704 on that side to make the refrigerant flow into the groove on the left side of the forming die 4 through the flow guide pipe 705 and exchange heat with the outer wall of the mold on that side, thereby reducing the temperature of the inner wall of the mold in that area and slowing down the flow speed of the aluminum material, and increasing the density of the aluminum material accumulated on that side to tend to be uniform. At the same time, the second temperature detection module 703 monitors the temperature of the aluminum pipe on each side in real time and compares it with the temperature of the aluminum rod measured by the first temperature detection module 206 in the rotating mechanism 2 to determine whether there is abnormal friction or lubrication failure of the mold. If the temperature of the aluminum pipe after extrusion is significantly higher and the temperature of the aluminum rod after extrusion is normal, it indicates that there is a problem of excessive friction. The control module can issue instructions to add lubrication or repair the mold accordingly. It can also determine whether there is a processing deviation such as eccentricity or bias by combining the density data in that area, thereby realizing a dynamic feedback control mechanism based on temperature-density double variables.

[0059] Through the design of the speed control mechanism 7, the accurate monitoring and intelligent linkage adjustment of the multi-side density distribution and temperature change in the aluminum pipe forming process can be realized, so that the aluminum material can be quickly closed-loop regulated according to the actual discharge quality before it is completely cooled. In particular, when the density detection module finds that the specific side density is abnormal, the mold temperature can be adjusted by independently driving the corresponding side cooler 704, so as to dynamically adjust the aluminum material flow rate and local accumulation speed in this area, effectively improve the density uniformity, and the out-of-mold temperature curve provided by the second temperature detection module 703 can be used as a reference for the in-mold temperature to assist in judging the processing friction or lubrication abnormality problem, and be linked with the density data to form a multi-dimensional fault judgment basis, so as to avoid mold blockage or aluminum pipe deformation and cracking and other forming defects. At the same time, the detection and adjustment data of the speed control mechanism 7 can be accumulated for a long time to form a temperature-density corresponding database, which provides a visual basis for subsequent aluminum profile optimization, improves the stability of the extrusion process and the consistency of product quality as a whole, reduces the scrap rate and rework risk, and improves the intelligent control level and production efficiency.

[0060] As a preferred example of the present application, the recording mechanism 8 comprises a torsion angle measuring module 801, the outer wall of the torsion angle measuring module 801 is fixedly connected with the left side of the fixed mold 3, a deflection rod 802 is fixedly connected to the input end of the torsion angle measuring module 801, one end of the deflection rod 802 extends to the left side of the forming mold 4, an outer wall of the end of the deflection rod 802 located on the left side of the forming mold 4 is rotatably connected with a rotating drum 803 through a bearing, the outer wall of the deflection rod 802 is fixedly connected with a spring 804, the other end of the spring 804 is fixedly connected with the left side of the fixed mold 3, the rotating drum 803 is located at a position corresponding to the left side outlet of the forming mold 4, and the spring 804 can support the deflection rod 802 to make the rotating drum 803 contact with the outer wall of the aluminum pipe, the torsion angle measuring module 801 is electrically connected with a control module, and the control module can monitor the value of the torsion angle measuring module 801;

[0061] During the out-of-mold process of the aluminum pipe, the outer wall of the aluminum pipe will contact with the rotating drum 803. If the outer wall of the aluminum pipe twists, it will cause the displacement of one side of the rotating drum 803, and then make the rotating drum 803 drive the deflection rod 802 to deflect, so that the torsion angle measuring module 801 records the deflection value. Through the linkage of the extrusion device 1 and the traction device in the production line, the position is recorded as a specific position of a batch of materials, which is convenient for checking whether it can enter the straightening stage in the later stage;

[0062] And the extrusion device 1 calculates the height of the twisted protrusion of the outer wall of the aluminum pipe according to the deflection angle recorded by the torsion angle measuring module 801, combines the temperature detected by the second temperature detection module 703 and the density detected by the ultrasonic density detection module 702, and records each data of the aluminum material in this area, which is convenient for later engineering analysis.

[0063] The application further provides a recording mechanism 8 for monitoring the torsional deformation of the aluminum pipe during the extrusion process and recording the abnormal position information in real time, and the rotating drum 803 is in contact with the outer wall of the aluminum pipe during the discharge of the aluminum pipe from the left side of the forming die 4, when the surface of the aluminum pipe is locally twisted or irregularly deformed, the rotating drum 803 at the position is pushed to move and drives the deflection rod 802 to deflect, so that the torsion angle measuring module 801 connected to the deflection rod 802 generates an angle change value, which is transmitted to the control module in real time for recording and matching with the real-time running state of the extrusion device 1, so as to determine the aluminum material batch corresponding to the deflection position and the specific paragraph position, and the control module can also identify whether there is a problem caused by uneven density or local resistance of the die by combining the data from the second temperature detection module 703 and the ultrasonic density detection module 702, so as to provide a basis for subsequent judgment of whether the aluminum pipe needs to be straightened and failure analysis.

[0064] The recording mechanism 8 provided by the application can realize real-time detection and positioning of the torsional deformation of the aluminum pipe during the discharge process, and the structure uses the spring 804 to press the rotating drum 803 to adhere to the aluminum pipe, so that high-sensitivity contact detection is realized without interfering with the normal extrusion path of the aluminum material, once there is local abnormal change of the outer wall of the aluminum pipe, such as torsional concave-convex or thickness fluctuation, the rotating drum 803 can be deflected and the offset value can be captured by the torsion angle measuring module 801, the offset value is quantified as angle data and the control module accurately marks the abnormal area of the aluminum material in combination with the current production progress, in addition, the angle value recorded by the module can also calculate the actual height of the torsional convexity on the surface of the aluminum pipe, so as to further evaluate the severity of the forming defect, and the multi-dimensional data filing and analysis are carried out in combination with the temperature and density information, which not only enhances the positioning ability of the abnormal forming paragraph, but also improves the identification accuracy of the problem root cause, the scheme can significantly reduce the process of relying on manual screening, reduce the rework ratio, and improve the batch product consistency and quality traceability.

[0065] The application provides an aluminum pipe extrusion forming device, which detects and corrects the surface temperature and lubrication state of the aluminum rod before extrusion, ensures the uniformity of the raw material, introduces wall density detection, discharge temperature monitoring and real-time cooling regulation during the extrusion process, dynamically adjusts the local temperature of the die and the metal flow rate, realizes the consistency of the aluminum pipe density and wall thickness, and combines the torsional monitoring to identify and record the rotational deformation of the discharged pipe material, improves the forming precision and the subsequent straightening efficiency, so as to build an intelligent aluminum pipe extrusion control system integrating multi-dimensional detection, self-adaptive correction and process tracing.

[0066] The application also discloses an aluminum pipe extrusion forming method, which comprises the following steps:

[0067] Step one: Put the fixed length aluminum rod in the heating furnace, heat to 400℃ at a rate of 10℃ / min to eliminate internal stress, then heat to 480±5℃ plastic deformation temperature, detect the surface temperature of the aluminum rod by the first temperature detection module 206, and judge whether the extrusion condition is met;

[0068] Step two: Send the heated aluminum rod into the extrusion device 1 right end, push the clamping block 205 to clamp the aluminum rod by starting the telescopic device 204, drive the gear 202 by the control motor 201 to rotate the rotating ring 203, make the aluminum rod rotate and rub, and monitor the torque change by the control module to judge whether the lubrication is uniform, if it exceeds the set threshold, then extract the supplementary lubricant;

[0069] Step three: Heat the forming die 4 and the shunt die 5 to 420℃-480℃ in advance, then install them in the fixed die 3, make them connect with the extrusion channel in the extrusion device 1 to form a connected cavity, and fix them by the fixed block 6, prepare for the extrusion process;

[0070] Step four: Push the aluminum rod into the extrusion device 1 by the hydraulic push rod, under the action of high temperature and high pressure, the aluminum material is successively formed by the forming die 4 and the shunt die 5, and the aluminum pipe with middle hole structure is extruded;

[0071] Step five: During the extrusion of the aluminum pipe from the left side of the forming die 4, the ultrasonic density detection module 702 arranged on the fixed plate 701 detects the density around the aluminum pipe, and the second temperature detection module 703 detects the surface temperature of the aluminum pipe, and the control module starts the corresponding side of the refrigerator 704 to control the flow pipe 705 to cool and adjust, so as to dynamically correct the flow rate and density uniformity of each side of the aluminum pipe;

[0072] Step six: When the aluminum pipe is out of the die, its outer wall contacts with the rotating cylinder 803, if it is twisted, it will drive the deflection rod 802 to deflect, so that the torsion angle measuring module 801 records the deflection angle, and the system synchronously marks the position information with the detection data of the second temperature detection module 703 and the ultrasonic density detection module 702, as the reference basis for subsequent quality tracking and straightening.

[0073] The aluminum pipe extrusion forming method provided in the application aims at the problems of poor temperature control, uneven lubrication, density fluctuation and uncontrollable deformation of existing aluminum alloy profiles in the extrusion process, and designs a complete set of closed-loop intelligent control process integrating temperature detection, friction monitoring, density adjustment and forming calibration. The method first heats the fixed-length aluminum rod in stages. By setting the temperature rising curve, the internal residual stress is released at a rate of 10℃ / min first to 400℃, and then to 480±5℃ to reach the plastic deformation temperature, and the surface is monitored in real time by the first temperature detection module 206 to ensure that the temperature meets the process requirements before entering the extrusion link. Then the heated aluminum rod is sent into the extrusion device 1, the clamping block 205 is clamped to the aluminum rod by the extender 204, the aluminum rod is rotated by friction by the motor 201 driving the gear 202 and the rotating ring 203, the lubrication is judged by the control module monitoring the motor torque change, if the monitoring value exceeds the set threshold, the lubricant is injected for compensation, then the forming die 4 and the shunt die 5 preheated to 420℃-480℃ are assembled into the cavity of the fixed die 3, the aluminum rod is pressed into the extrusion channel by the hydraulic push rod, and the aluminum pipe with a hole structure is formed under high temperature and high pressure. During the aluminum pipe forming and discharging process, the ultrasonic density detection module 702 and the second temperature detection module 703 arranged on the fixed plate 701 detect the density and temperature of the aluminum pipe in real time, and transmit the data to the control module. The control module adjusts the running state of each side cooler 704 and flow guide pipe 705 to realize dynamic adjustment and balanced output of flow rate and density. When the aluminum pipe is discharged from the left side of the forming die 4, the outer wall of the aluminum pipe contacts the rotating cylinder 803 in the recording mechanism 8, and if it twists, the deflection lever 802 is deflected, and the deflection angle is captured by the torsion angle determination module 801. The data is labeled with the corresponding density and temperature data at the same time for subsequent quality tracking, analysis and straightening reference, thereby constructing a complete process including preheating-extrusion-detection-regulation-recording, ensuring the controlled aluminum pipe forming process, improving the consistency of finished products and realizing the quality traceability of the whole process.

[0074] The aluminum pipe extrusion forming method provided by the application can refine the heating control precision, improve the consistency of aluminum rod pretreatment, effectively avoid the deformation problem caused by the un-released internal stress in the later period, dynamically evaluate the lubrication state through rotation friction and torque monitoring to realize automatic compensation, avoid excessive friction and metal adhesion caused by uneven lubrication, realize accurate regulation of the aluminum pipe flow rate (extrusion speed) and density in the forming die 4 through multi-point density and temperature detection in the speed control mechanism 7 and linkage of the refrigerator 704, effectively avoid uneven wall thickness and eccentricity and forming fluctuation, realize automatic identification and marking of abnormal sections through the real-time deflection detection function of the recording mechanism 8 when the die is discharged, and record the corresponding temperature density and deformation information of each region through the data synchronization system, provide data support and judgment basis for subsequent straightening optimization mold adjustment and quality grading, the whole method process is highly automated and informatized, can greatly improve the product consistency and defect prediction ability of the aluminum pipe extrusion process, significantly reduce the scrap rate, reduce energy consumption, realize batch data traceability, and greatly improve the overall performance of the product.

[0075] It should be noted that, in this text, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment.

[0076] Finally, it should be noted that: the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the application, and does not limit the application. Although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments or replace some technical features with equivalent ones. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. within the spirit and principles of the application shall be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. An aluminum pipe extrusion forming equipment, comprising an extrusion device (1) and a control module, characterized in that, the extrusion device (1) is internally provided with an extrusion channel penetrating left and right for accommodating an aluminum bar subjected to heating treatment; a rotating mechanism (2) is arranged at the right side of the extrusion device (1) for measuring the lubricity of the surface of the aluminum bar; the rotating mechanism (2) comprises a transmission assembly, a motor (201) and a first temperature detection module (206); the motor (201) is used for driving the transmission assembly to rotate and is electrically connected with the control module, and the control module is used for monitoring the output torque of the motor (201); the first temperature detection module (206) is electrically connected with the control module and is used for detecting the surface temperature of the aluminum bar; a fixed die (3) is arranged at the left side of the extrusion device (1), a forming die (4) and a flow dividing die (5) are arranged in the mounting groove of the fixed die (3) from left to right in sequence, and the fixed die (3) is used for shaping and flow dividing the aluminum bar to form a hollow structure; a fixed block (6) is installed above the forming die (4) and the flow dividing die (5), and the outer wall of the fixed block (6) is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the mounting groove of the fixed die (3); a speed control mechanism (7) is arranged at the left side of the fixed die (3) and is used for adjusting the extrusion flow rate of the aluminum bar; the speed control mechanism (7) comprises a fixed plate (701), one end of the fixed plate (701) is provided with an ultrasonic density detection module (702) and a second temperature detection module (703), the ultrasonic density detection module (702) is used for detecting the density of the aluminum pipe, and the second temperature detection module (703) is used for detecting the temperature of the aluminum pipe; the speed control mechanism (7) further comprises a refrigerator (704), the refrigerator (704) is electrically connected with the control module, and the refrigeration end of the refrigerator (704) is connected to the left side of the forming die (4) through a flow guide pipe (705); a recording mechanism (8) is arranged at the left side of the fixed die (3) and is used for recording the deflection information of the aluminum pipe in the forming process; the recording mechanism (8) comprises a torsion angle measuring module (801), the input end of the torsion angle measuring module (801) is fixedly connected with a deflection rod (802), one end of the deflection rod (802) is rotatably connected with a rotating cylinder (803) through a bearing, the outer wall of the deflection rod (802) is fixedly connected with a spring (804), and the other end of the spring (804) is fixedly connected with the left side of the fixed die (3); wherein the forming die (4), the flow dividing die (5) and the extrusion channel in the extrusion device (1) are consistent in height, and the three together constitute a communicating cavity to guide the uniform forming of the aluminum material.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: The transmission assembly includes a gear (202), the gear (202) is fixedly connected with the output end of the motor (201), the motor (201) is fixed on the right side upper surface of the extrusion device (1), the right side of the extrusion device (1) is rotatably connected with a swivel (203) through a bearing, the center of the swivel (203) is lower than the middle part of the extrusion channel, the upper side of the swivel (203) is engaged with the outer wall of the gear (202), the outer wall of the swivel (203) is fixedly connected with a telescopic device (204), the output end of the telescopic device (204) is arranged to the inside of the swivel (203) and is fixedly connected with a clamping block (205), so as to clamp the aluminum bar to realize the rotation movement.

3. An apparatus for extrusion of aluminum pipe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The swivel (203) is a hollow ring structure, three first temperature detection modules (206) are arranged on the outside of the swivel (203), and the telescopic device (204) is arranged on the swivel (203).

4. An apparatus for extrusion of aluminum pipe according to claim 3, wherein: One end of the fixed plate (701) extends to the left side of the forming die (4), the other end of the fixed plate (701) is fixedly connected with the left side of the outer wall of the extrusion device (1), the ultrasonic density detection module (702) and the second temperature detection module (703) are fixedly installed on the fixed plate (701), and the output ends of the ultrasonic density detection module (702) and the second temperature detection module (703) are directed to the left side middle part of the forming die (4).

5. An apparatus for extrusion of aluminum pipe according to claim 4, wherein: The left side outer wall of the forming die (4) is provided with a groove, and the middle part of the flow guide pipe (705) is embedded in the groove.

6. An apparatus for extrusion forming of an aluminum pipe according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The left side of the forming die (4) is provided with four groups of speed control mechanisms (7), and the four groups of speed control mechanisms (7) correspond to the four sides of the aluminum pipe forming, and form a surrounding arrangement structure to realize independent detection and regulation of the density and temperature of multiple surfaces.

7. The apparatus for extrusion of aluminum pipes according to claim 1, characterized in that: The torsion angle measuring module (801) is fixedly connected with the left side of the fixed die (3), one end of the deflection rod (802) extends to the left side of the forming die (4), and the deflection rod (802) is rotatably connected with a rotating drum (803) through a bearing at the left side end of the forming die (4).

8. An apparatus for extrusion of aluminum pipe according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rotating drum (803) is arranged at a position corresponding to the left side outlet of the forming die (4), and the spring (804) is used for supporting the deflection rod (802) to make the rotating drum (803) in contact with the outer wall of the aluminum pipe, the torsion angle measuring module (801) is electrically connected with a control module, and the control module can monitor and record the measured value of the torsion angle measuring module (801).

9. A method of extrusion of an aluminium tube based on an extrusion apparatus for an aluminium tube according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step one: place the fixed-length aluminum bar in the heating furnace, heat to 400 DEG C at a rate of 10 DEG C / min to eliminate internal stress, then heat to 480 DEG C±5 DEG C plastic deformation temperature, detect the aluminum bar surface temperature through the first temperature detection module (206), and judge whether the extrusion condition is met; Step two: the heated aluminum rod is sent into the extrusion device (1) right end, by starting the telescopic (204) push block (205) clamping aluminum rod, control motor (201) drive gear (202) driven ring (203) rotation, the aluminum rod rotation friction and by the control module monitoring motor torque to determine the lubrication state, if exceed the set threshold then draw out the supplement spray lubricant; Step three: the preheating to 420 ~ 480 ℃ forming die (4) and shunt die (5) is installed in the fixed die (3) inside, make it with the extrusion device (1) inside the extrusion channel butt joint form the communication cavity, and through the fixed block (6) is fixed, ready to enter the extrusion process; Step four: the aluminum rod is pressed into the extrusion device (1) inside by hydraulic push rod, under the action of high temperature and high pressure, aluminum material in turn through the forming die (4) and shunt die (5) into the hole structure aluminum pipe; Step five: in the process of aluminum pipe from the forming die (4) left side extrusion, by the ultrasonic density detection module (702) is arranged on the fixed plate (701) on the four around the density of aluminum pipe detection, by the second temperature detection module (703) detects its surface temperature, the control module according to the detection results start corresponding side of the refrigerator (704) control flow guide pipe (705) cooling regulation, so as to dynamic correction of the flow rate and density uniformity of each side of the aluminum pipe; Step six: when the aluminum pipe out of the die, its outer wall and set in the recording mechanism (8) in the rotary cylinder (803) contact, if the twist then drive the deflection lever (802) deflection, torsion angle measurement module (801) record the deflection angle, the system will this deflection position information and the second temperature detection module (703), ultrasonic density detection module (702) detection data synchronous mark, as the subsequent quality tracking and straightening reference basis.

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