Efficient and stable biomass combustion device
By designing dense phase and light phase channels in the biomass combustion device and setting up a combustion stabilization structure and peripheral wind channel at the nozzle body outlet, the problem of incomplete combustion of biomass fuel is solved, and efficient and stable combustion effects and safe operation are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511205106.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-14
AI Technical Summary
The special fuel characteristics of biomass fuel make combustion difficult to control, resulting in incomplete combustion, high unburned carbon content, and poor combustion effect.
An efficient and stable biomass combustion device is designed, including dense phase and light phase channels in the nozzle body, separating the biomass airflow through a guide piece, and stabilizing teeth, blocks and stabilizing blunt bodies are set at the nozzle body outlet. Combined with the peripheral wind channel, strong suction and high-temperature recirculation vortex are constructed to ensure more intense and complete combustion.
It improves the flame temperature and combustion efficiency, avoids burner nozzle burning and coking, reduces pollutant emissions, and ensures safe and stable operation of the burner.
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Figure CN120777549A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of biomass combustion, in particular to a high-efficiency and stable biomass combustion device. BACKGROUND
[0002] Biomass power generation technology includes direct combustion power generation, mixed combustion power generation and biomass gasification power generation. Compared with direct combustion power generation and gasification power generation, biomass mixed combustion power generation has the advantages of low construction cost, short construction period and less influence of raw material properties. Biomass mixed combustion power generation generally refers to the mixed combustion of biomass fuel in a coal-fired unit. Therefore, by applying biomass mixed combustion power generation technology, only the existing coal-fired unit needs to be appropriately modified for rapid operation, which can not only effectively reduce carbon dioxide emissions, but also improve the flexibility of fuel supply on the boiler side and the flexibility of unit load regulation.
[0003] The physical and chemical structures and chemical compositions of biomass and coal are quite different, and the combustion characteristics are quite different. Therefore, a high-efficiency and stable biomass combustion device needs to be designed accordingly. The current high-efficiency and stable biomass combustion device adopts dense and thin separation combustion of biomass particles. However, due to the special fuel characteristics of biomass, its combustion is difficult to control, resulting in incomplete combustion, high unburned carbon content and poor combustion effect. SUMMARY
[0004] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problem that the special fuel characteristics of biomass make its combustion difficult to control, resulting in incomplete combustion, high unburned carbon content and poor combustion effect. A high-efficiency and stable biomass combustion device is further provided.
[0005] The technical solution of the present application is: a high-efficiency and stable biomass combustion device, comprising: a nozzle body, a biomass gas flow entering from the inlet of the nozzle body and being sprayed out from the outlet;
[0006] The nozzle body has a dense phase channel and a thin phase channel inside, and a flow guide is arranged on the side close to the inlet in the nozzle body. Under the guidance of the flow guide, the biomass gas flow is divided into a dense phase fuel gas flow flowing into the dense phase channel and a thin phase fuel gas flow flowing into the thin phase channel;
[0007] The outlet of the dense phase channel is provided with a stable combustion tooth and a stop block, and the outlet of the thin phase channel is provided with a stable combustion blunt body with an outer diameter gradually increasing along the flow direction of the thin phase fuel gas flow;
[0008] An outer nozzle is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle body, and a peripheral air channel is formed between the outer nozzle and the nozzle body.
[0009] Further, the stable combustion tooth has two groups symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction, and the stop block has at least two groups symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction.
[0010] Further, the stopper comprises a rectangular part and a tapered part, the rectangular part is located near the outlet side of the dense phase channel, and the tapered part is located away from the outlet side of the dense phase channel.
[0011] Further, the rectangular part and the tapered part are integrally formed.
[0012] Further, the nozzle body is connected with a flow divider plate extending from the outlet to the inlet, the flow divider plate has two parts symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction, the two flow divider plates form the dense phase channel, and the flow divider plate and the nozzle body form the dilute phase channel.
[0013] Further, the stable combustion bluff body is arranged on the side away from each other of the two flow divider plates, and is integrally formed with the flow divider plate.
[0014] Further, the flow guide piece comprises a flow guide plate with a gradually decreasing inner diameter in the direction of the biomass gas flow, and the flow guide plate has a gas flow passage for the biomass gas flow into the dilute phase channel.
[0015] Further, the flow guide plate has a plurality of parts spaced apart, and the gas flow passage is formed by the gap between the two adjacent flow guide plates.
[0016] Further, the plurality of flow guide plates are all first arc-shaped plates.
[0017] Further, it further comprises a second arc-shaped plate arranged between the flow guide piece and the inlet of the nozzle body, the second arc-shaped plate has two parts symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction, and the biomass gas flow is preliminarily concentrated in the middle part of the nozzle body by the two second arc-shaped plates.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following effects:
[0019] 1. The high-efficiency stable biomass combustion device provided by the present application, after the biomass gas flow enters the inlet of the nozzle body, it is divided into a dense phase fuel gas flow flowing into the dense phase channel and a dilute phase fuel gas flow flowing into the dilute phase channel, and then it is sprayed out together with the high-proportion peripheral wind in the peripheral wind channel through the outlet of the nozzle body, the stable combustion bluff body, the stable combustion tooth and the stopper arranged at the outlet of the nozzle body can construct a strong suction and high-temperature backflow vortex of the combustion device, so that the wind-powder combustion is more violent and complete, and the flame temperature and the combustion efficiency are effectively improved.
[0020] 2. The high-efficiency stable biomass combustion device provided by the present application, the high-proportion peripheral wind arranged in the outer spray port area can effectively eliminate the wall-burning, avoid the spray port burning and coking phenomenon of the burner, and ensure the safe and stable operation of the burner.
[0021] 3. The biomass combustion device provided by the application has the advantages that the guide plate concentrates the dense-phase fuel gas flow between the two splitter plates, thereby forming a fuel grading of light-dense-light in the vertical direction, so that the overall fuel deviates from the optimal ignition concentration, ensures that the dense-phase fuel gas flow prolongs the residence time in the high-temperature zone, and the light-phase fuel gas flow and the combustion-supporting wind are mixed into the main flame in time, thereby enhancing the burnout effect and reducing pollutant emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application;
[0023] Figure 2 is a side view of Figure 1 ;
[0024] Figure 3 is a top view of Figure 1 ;
[0025] Figure 4 is an enlarged view of the A area in Figure 3 ;
[0026] In the figure: 1, nozzle body; 2, dense-phase channel; 3, light-phase channel; 4, guide member; 5, combustion-stabilizing tooth; 6, stop block; 7, combustion-stabilizing blunt body; 8, outer nozzle; 9, peripheral wind channel; 10, rectangular portion; 11, tapered portion; 12, splitter plate; 13, gas flow passage; 14, second arc-shaped plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0027] Specific implementation one: in combination with Figures 1 to 3 the description of the embodiment, the embodiment includes a nozzle body 1 and an outer nozzle 8, biomass gas flow enters from the inlet of the nozzle body 1 and is sprayed from the outlet, the nozzle body 1 has a dense-phase channel 2 and a light-phase channel 3 inside, a guide member 4 is arranged near the inlet side in the nozzle body 1, under the guidance of the guide member 4, the biomass gas flow is divided into dense-phase fuel gas flow flowing into the dense-phase channel 2 and light-phase fuel gas flow flowing into the light-phase channel 3, a combustion-stabilizing tooth 5 and a stop block 6 are arranged at the outlet of the dense-phase channel 2, a combustion-stabilizing blunt body 7 having an outer diameter gradually increasing along the flow direction of the light-phase fuel gas flow is arranged at the outlet of the light-phase channel 3, the outer nozzle 8 is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle body 1, a peripheral wind channel 9 is formed between the outer nozzle 8 and the nozzle body 1, and a high proportion of peripheral wind flows into the peripheral wind channel 9, a large amount of high-speed gas flow wrapping the primary wind powder can significantly enhance the rigidity of the primary wind, reduce the burner nozzle temperature, delay combustion and reduce slagging, and ensure safe and stable operation of the burner.
[0028] The high-efficiency stable biomass combustion device of the embodiment divides the biomass gas flow into the dense-phase fuel gas flow flowing into the dense-phase channel 2 and the dilute-phase fuel gas flow flowing into the dilute-phase channel 3 after the biomass gas flow enters the inlet of the nozzle body 1, and then the dense-phase fuel gas flow and the dilute-phase fuel gas flow are sprayed out together with the high-proportion peripheral wind in the peripheral wind channel 9 through the outlet of the nozzle body 1. The stable combustion body 7, the stable combustion tooth 5 and the block 6 arranged at the outlet of the nozzle body 1 can construct a strong suction and high-temperature backflow vortex of the combustion device, so that the wind-powder combustion is more violent and complete, and the flame temperature and the combustion efficiency are effectively improved.
[0029] Specific implementation method two: combination Figures 1 to 3 The embodiment is described. The difference between the embodiment and the specific implementation method one is that the stable combustion tooth 5 has two groups arranged symmetrically in the horizontal direction, and the block 6 has at least two groups arranged symmetrically in the vertical direction. In the embodiment, the number of the block 6 is two groups, which are distributed between the inner top wall and the inner bottom wall of the dense-phase channel 2. One group of the stable combustion tooth 5 is distributed on the inner top wall of the dense-phase channel 2, and the other group of the stable combustion tooth 5 is distributed on the inner bottom wall of the dense-phase channel 2. The two groups of the stable combustion tooth 5 are independent of each other, so that the effect of forming a strong suction and high-temperature backflow vortex is better. The other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the specific implementation method one.
[0030] Specific implementation method three: combination Figure 3 , Figure 4 The embodiment is described. The difference between the embodiment and the specific implementation method two is that the block 6 includes a rectangular portion 10 and a tapered portion 11. The rectangular portion 10 is located on the side close to the outlet of the dense-phase channel 2, and the tapered portion 11 is located on the side away from the outlet of the dense-phase channel 2. The tapered portion 11 is first contacted with the dense-phase fuel gas flow, and the contact area is from small to large, which can form a cutting effect on the dense-phase fuel gas flow and further improve the effect of strong suction and high-temperature backflow vortex. The other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the specific implementation method two.
[0031] Specific implementation method four: combination Figure 3 , Figure 4 The embodiment is described. The difference between the embodiment and the specific implementation method three is that the rectangular portion 10 and the tapered portion 11 are integrally formed, which has high integrally formed strength and does not need subsequent manual connection, and has better use effect. The other components and connection relationships are the same as those of the specific implementation method three.
[0032] Specific implementation method five: combination Figures 1 to 3The difference between the embodiment and the first specific embodiment is that the nozzle body 1 is connected with the flow dividing plate 12 extending from the outlet to the inlet, the flow dividing plate 12 has two symmetrical plates in the horizontal direction, the two flow dividing plates 12 form the dense phase channel 2, and the flow dividing plate 12 and the nozzle body 1 form the dilute phase channel 3. In the embodiment, the flow dividing plate 12 is a horizontal plate, the dense phase channel 2 and the dilute phase channel 3 are square channels, the number of the dilute phase channels 3 is two and independent of each other, and the adjacent channels do not affect each other, and each part flows independently. The other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the first specific embodiment.
[0033] The sixth specific embodiment is combined with the fifth specific embodiment. Figure 1 The difference between the embodiment and the fifth specific embodiment is that the stable combustion body 7 is arranged on the side of the two flow dividing plates 12 away from each other and is integrally formed with the flow dividing plate 12. The stable combustion body 7 can construct a strong suction vortex of high-temperature backflow and guide the airflow to prevent wall adhesion combustion. The other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the fifth specific embodiment.
[0034] The seventh specific embodiment is combined with the first specific embodiment. Figure 1 The difference between the embodiment and the first specific embodiment is that the flow guide member 4 includes a flow guide plate with a gradually decreasing inner diameter in the direction of the biomass gas flow. The flow guide plate has an airflow passage 13 for the biomass gas flow to flow into the dilute phase channel 3. Most of the biomass gas flow flows into the dense phase channel 2 to form a dense phase fuel gas flow, and a small part of the biomass gas flow escapes into the dilute phase channel 3 through the airflow passage 13 to form a dilute phase fuel gas flow, thereby completing the concentration grading of the biomass gas flow. The other components and connection relationships are the same as those in any one of the first to sixth specific embodiments.
[0035] The eighth specific embodiment is combined with the seventh specific embodiment. Figure 1 The difference between the embodiment and the seventh specific embodiment is that the flow guide plate has a plurality of flow guide plates spaced apart. The airflow passage 13 is formed through the gap between the two adjacent flow guide plates. The plurality of flow guide plates can be replaced independently, which is convenient for maintenance. The area of the airflow passage 13 can be adjusted by changing the position of the adjacent flow guide plates, and the use is more flexible. The other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the seventh specific embodiment.
[0036] The ninth specific embodiment is combined with the eighth specific embodiment. Figure 1 The difference between the embodiment and the eighth specific embodiment is that the plurality of flow guide plates are all first arc-shaped plates. The curved surface of the first arc-shaped plate can guide the biomass gas flow, and the curved surface of the arc-shaped plate can guide the biomass gas flow to continuously adhere to the wall surface, so that the flow guide effect is better. The other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the eighth specific embodiment.
[0037] The tenth specific embodiment is combined with the ninth specific embodiment. Figure 1The embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it further comprises second arc-shaped plates 14 arranged between the flow guide 4 and the inlet of the nozzle body 1, the second arc-shaped plates 14 are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal direction, and the biomass gas flow is preliminarily concentrated in the middle of the nozzle body 1 by the two second arc-shaped plates 14, most of the fuel is preliminarily concentrated in the middle of the burner, and then the biomass gas flow is concentrated between the two flow dividing plates 12 under the action of the flow guide 4, so that the fuel is formed in a light-thick-light grading in the vertical direction, the overall fuel deviates from the optimal ignition concentration, the thick-phase fuel gas flow is ensured to prolong the residence time in the high-temperature zone, the light-phase fuel gas flow and the combustion air are mixed into the main flame in time, and the burnout effect is enhanced and the pollutant emission is reduced. The other components and connection relationship are the same as those in any one of the first to sixth embodiments.
[0038] Working principle of the embodiment:
[0039] The biomass gas flow enters from the inlet of the nozzle body 1, is preliminarily concentrated in the middle of the nozzle body 1 under the action of the second arc-shaped plates 14, and is divided into the thick-phase fuel gas flow flowing into the thick-phase channel 2 and the light-phase fuel gas flow flowing into the light-phase channel 3 under the action of the flow guide 4, and finally is sprayed together with the high-proportion peripheral air in the peripheral air channel 9.
[0040] The content of the application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and the combination of one or more specific embodiments can also achieve the purpose of the application.
Claims
1. An efficient and stable biomass combustion device, characterized in that: include: A nozzle body (1), wherein a biomass gas flow enters from an inlet of the nozzle body (1) and is ejected from an outlet; The nozzle body (1) has a dense phase channel (2) and a dilute phase channel (3) inside. A flow guide (4) is provided on the side of the nozzle body (1) close to the inlet. Under the guidance of the flow guide (4), the biomass gas flow is divided into a dense phase fuel gas flow flowing into the dense phase channel (2) and a dilute phase fuel gas flow flowing into the dilute phase channel (3). The outlet of the dense phase channel (2) is provided with a combustion stabilizing tooth (5) and a stopper (6), and the outlet of the light phase channel (3) is provided with a combustion stabilizing blunt body (7) whose outer diameter gradually increases along the flow direction of the light phase fuel gas flow; An outer nozzle (8) is sleeved on the outside of the nozzle body (1), and a peripheral wind channel (9) is formed between the outer nozzle (8) and the nozzle body (1).
2. The efficient and stable biomass combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combustion stabilizing teeth (5) have two groups symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction, and the stoppers (6) have at least two groups symmetrically arranged in the vertical direction.
3. The efficient and stable biomass combustion device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The stopper (6) comprises a rectangular portion (10) and a tapered portion (11), wherein the rectangular portion (10) is located on a side close to the outlet of the dense phase channel (2), and the tapered portion (11) is located on a side away from the outlet of the dense phase channel (2).
4. The efficient and stable biomass combustion device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rectangular portion (10) and the tapered portion (11) are integrally formed.
5. The efficient and stable biomass combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A diverter plate (12) extending from the outlet toward the inlet is connected to the nozzle body (1), and the diverter plates (12) have two symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction. The dense phase channel (2) is formed between the two diverter plates (12), and a dilute phase channel (3) is formed between the diverter plate (12) and the nozzle body (1).
6. The efficient and stable biomass combustion device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The combustion stabilizing blunt bodies (7) are respectively arranged on the sides of the two diverter plates (12) that are away from each other, and are integrally formed with the diverter plates (12).
7. A highly efficient and stable biomass combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The guide member (4) comprises a guide plate with an inner diameter gradually decreasing along the flow direction of the biomass airflow, and the guide plate has an airflow opening (13) for allowing the biomass airflow to flow into the light phase channel (3).
8. The efficient and stable biomass combustion device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide plates are arranged in a plurality and spaced apart arrangement, and the air flow opening (13) is formed by the gap between two adjacent guide plates.
9. The efficient and stable biomass combustion device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The plurality of guide plates are all first arc-shaped plates.
10. A highly efficient and stable biomass combustion device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A second curved plate (14) is arranged between the guide member (4) and the inlet of the nozzle body (1), and the second curved plates (14) have two symmetrically arranged in the horizontal direction. The biomass airflow is initially concentrated in the middle of the nozzle body (1) through the two second curved plates (14).