A building steel structure joint welding device and a welding method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of plasma arc welding machines, in particular to a building steel structure joint welding device and a welding method, which mainly comprises a welding machine main body, a powder feeder fixedly installed at the top of the welding machine main body, an integrated wire harness fixedly connected to the side of the welding machine main body, a plasma gun fixedly connected to the other end of the integrated wire harness and a power supply assembly fixedly installed at one end of the plasma gun. The shielding cover with a corrugated section and the positioning ring made of flexible magnetic material can be attached to the surface of a building steel structure joint with different shapes under the action of external force, a closed welding space is formed, and the outside airflow is completely isolated; meanwhile, the pressure sensor and the humidity sensor in the air exchange mechanism are linked with the control module, the rotating speed of the driving fan is dynamically adjusted to maintain the slight positive pressure in the shielding cover, air infiltration leading to oxidation of the molten pool is avoided, the protective gas does not need to be excessively delivered, the gas consumption is significantly reduced, welding seam defects such as pores and inclusions are effectively reduced, and the welding quality stability is guaranteed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of plasma arc welding machines, in particular to a building steel structure joint welding device and welding method. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a kind of efficient and precise welding equipment, plasma arc welding machine is widely used in high-strength welding scenes such as building steel structure joints. Its core structure mainly includes power supply system, plasma gun, gas supply system, cooling system and control system. The power supply system provides stable high current and high voltage output, supports direct current or pulse mode to maintain arc stability; the plasma gun is built-in tungsten electrode and water-cooled copper nozzle, which ionizes ion gas to form high-temperature plasma arc through mechanical compression, thermal compression and electromagnetic contraction effect; the gas supply system is divided into ion gas and protective gas, the former is used for the formation of plasma arc, and the latter is used for protecting the molten pool from atmospheric oxidation; the cooling system prevents the gun body from overheating through circulating water cooling or air cooling; the control system is responsible for adjusting the current, gas flow, welding speed and other parameters, and integrates high-frequency arc starting device. Its working principle is: after high-frequency arc starting, ion gas is ionized to form plasma arc at the nozzle, and the high-energy density of the arc column is used to melt the workpiece and form a "keyhole", while the protective gas is used to isolate air, and finally the weld is formed by melting the base material or filling the welding wire.

[0003] However, the existing plasma arc welding machine still has significant technical limitations when applied in outdoor or complex environments such as construction. On the one hand, the welding process is easily disturbed by external airflow. When the wind speed exceeds 2m / s, the protective gas layer is easily blown away, resulting in oxidation of the molten pool and defects such as pores and inclusions. In order to maintain the protection effect, the protective gas flow needs to be continuously increased, resulting in high gas consumption; on the other hand, traditional windproof measures either cannot move flexibly with the welding torch or block the welder's line of sight and affect the operation precision, making it difficult to adapt to the complex welding path of steel structure joints; in addition, in an open welding environment, welding fume diffusion not only pollutes the environment, but also may interfere with the stability of the plasma arc, further reducing the welding quality. These problems lead to the fact that the existing equipment not only faces the problem of high cost of protective gas use when used outdoors, but also is difficult to ensure the stability of the weld quality, which restricts its efficient application in building steel structure welding.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to design a building steel structure joint welding device to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a welding device and method for welding steel structure joints in building structures, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art. Existing plasma arc welding machines are easily affected by external airflow when welding steel structure joints outdoors or in complex environments, which leads to the dispersion of the shielding gas layer, oxidation of the molten pool, and the generation of porosity and inclusion defects. Furthermore, the consumption of shielding gas remains high. Traditional wind protection measures are unable to move flexibly with the welding torch or obstruct the welder's line of sight, and are difficult to adapt to the complex welding paths of steel structure joints. At the same time, this invention also solves the problems of smoke and dust diffusion in open welding environments polluting the environment and interfering with the stability of the plasma arc, resulting in unstable weld quality and excessively high shielding gas usage costs, which restrict its efficient application in the welding of steel structures in building structures.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A welding device and welding method for steel structure nodes in a building includes: a welding machine body, a powder feeder fixedly installed on the top of the welding machine body, an integrated wire harness fixedly connected to the side of the welding machine body, a plasma gun fixedly connected to the other end of the integrated wire harness, a power supply component fixedly installed at one end of the plasma gun, a shield fixedly installed at the other end of the plasma gun, and a ventilation mechanism fixedly installed on the shield.

[0008] Preferably, the plasma gun includes a gun handle, one end of which is fixedly mounted with a connector, the other end of which is fixedly connected to the end of the integrated wire harness, and the other end of which is fixedly mounted with a welding gun head, and a shield is fixedly mounted on the welding gun head.

[0009] Preferably, the power supply component includes a battery box, which is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the gun handle. The battery box is equipped with a power switch. A reduced-diameter boss is fixedly connected to the end face of the battery box away from the welding gun head. Multiple battery insertion holes are opened on the reduced-diameter boss. One end of the battery insertion hole extends into the inside of the battery box. The battery body is filled inside the battery insertion hole. A sealing cap is threaded onto the outside of the reduced-diameter boss. A through hole is opened in the middle of the sealing cap. The through hole is movably sleeved on the outside of the connector.

[0010] Preferably, the welding gun head has an annular groove, and the surface of the annular groove is fixedly connected with an installation thread located at its top. The shielding cover includes a shielding top plate, and a threaded hole is opened in the middle of the shielding top plate. The threaded hole fixes the shielding cover to the welding gun head through the threaded engagement between the threaded hole and the installation thread. A shielding tube is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shielding top plate.

[0011] Preferably, a clamping bottom ring is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the shielding top plate, a positioning ring is fixedly connected to the top end of the shielding tube, the shielding tube is movably sleeved outside the clamping bottom ring, the positioning ring presses on the surface of the clamping bottom ring, a clamping top ring is movably sleeved outside the shielding top plate, the clamping top ring and the shielding top plate are threaded together, the clamping top ring presses on the surface of the positioning ring, and a corrugated joint is fixedly connected to the shielding tube.

[0012] Preferably, the shielding tube bottom end is fixedly connected with a contact ring, an annular cavity is arranged in the contact ring, and a positioning ring is inserted into the annular cavity.

[0013] Preferably, the positioning ring can be deformed under external force.

[0014] Preferably, the positioning ring is made of flexible magnetic material.

[0015] Preferably, the shielding top plate bottom surface is fixedly connected with a fixed tube, the fixed tube is located inside the shielding tube, a plurality of fixed sliding grooves are arranged on the surface of the fixed tube, a movable tube is slidably sleeved outside the fixed tube, a plurality of clamping protrusions are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable tube and located at the top end of the movable tube, the clamping protrusions are slidably inserted into the fixed sliding grooves, and a contact inner ring is movably sleeved at the bottom end of the movable tube.

[0016] Preferably, the ventilation mechanism comprises a mounting hole and a driving fan, the mounting hole is arranged on the shielding top plate and communicates with the inside cavity of the fixed tube, the driving fan is bolted on the shielding top plate, and the battery body is electrically connected with the driving fan.

[0017] Preferably, the ventilation mechanism further comprises a control module, a pressure sensor and a humidity sensor, the control module is fixedly installed on the surface of the shielding top plate, the battery body is electrically connected with the driving fan through the control module, the pressure sensor and the humidity sensor are electrically connected with the control module, the pressure sensor and the humidity sensor are fixedly inserted into the shielding top plate, and one end of the pressure sensor and the humidity sensor extends into the inside cavity of the fixed tube.

[0018] Preferably, the ventilation mechanism further comprises a transfer shell, the transfer shell is bolted on the surface of the shielding top plate, a butt joint hole is arranged on the top surface of the transfer shell, a filter screen is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transfer shell, a transfer hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the transfer shell, the driving fan is bolted on the top surface of the transfer shell and communicates with the butt joint hole, and the transfer hole communicates with the mounting hole.

[0019] Preferably, the top surface of the transfer shell is inclined, and one end of the top surface of the transfer shell close to the welding gun head is higher than the other end.

[0020] Preferably, the inner wall of the transfer shell is fixedly connected with an upper inclined plate, a middle inclined frame and a lower inclined plate, one end of the upper inclined plate is fixedly connected to one end of the middle inclined frame, one end of the lower inclined plate is fixedly connected to the other end of the middle inclined frame, the upper inclined plate, the middle inclined frame and the lower inclined plate are in mirror image Z-shaped distribution, a fixed inlet is formed at the connection between the lower inclined plate and the middle inclined frame, a fixed outlet is formed at the connection between the upper inclined plate and the middle inclined frame, a fixed sliding cavity is formed on the inner side of the middle inclined frame, a fixed sliding hole is formed on the side of the transfer shell, the fixed sliding hole is in communication with the fixed sliding cavity, a mounting sliding frame is slidably inserted into the fixed sliding cavity and the fixed sliding hole, a filter screen is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting sliding frame and located at the bottom of the mounting sliding frame, one end surface of the mounting sliding frame is flush with the side of the transfer shell and a fixed handle is fixedly connected to the end surface, a U-shaped piece is fixedly connected to the side of the transfer shell, an L-shaped plug-in part is movably inserted into the U-shaped piece, and the L-shaped plug-in part clamps the mounting sliding frame.

[0021] Preferably, a fixed ring cavity is formed in the inside of the shielding top plate, the fixed ring cavity is in fixed communication with the mounting through hole, a plurality of air holes are formed on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the fixed ring cavity, the plurality of air holes are equidistantly arranged in a circle, the air holes are in communication with the inner cavity of the fixed pipe, and the air holes are located close to the connection between the fixed pipe and the shielding top plate.

[0022] Preferably, a building steel structure node welding method uses the building steel structure node welding device described above, and includes the following steps.

[0023] First step: hold the plasma gun by the gun handle, then press the shielding cover on the surface of the workpiece;

[0024] Second step: align the welding gun head with the gap between the workpieces, then apply pressure to the positioning ring, then the positioning ring is attached to the surface of the workpiece under the action of the pressure, and the shape of the shielding cover is adapted to the shape of the workpiece, thereby isolating the new welding position from the outside;

[0025] Third step: turn on the power switch to start the driving fan, and the driving fan discharges the gas inside the shielding cover;

[0026] Fourth step: control the welding gun head to start welding work through the welding machine body, then move the plasma gun along the gap between the workpieces until the welding is completed.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0028] The present application can be attached to the surface of the building steel structure joint of different shapes under the action of external force, form a closed welding space, and completely isolate the outside airflow; at the same time, the pressure sensor and the humidity sensor in the ventilation mechanism are linked with the control module, the rotating speed of the driving fan is dynamically adjusted to maintain the micro-positive pressure in the shielding cover, so that the air infiltration is avoided to cause the oxidation of the molten pool, and the excessive delivery of the protective gas is also avoided, the gas consumption is significantly reduced, the welding defects such as pores and inclusions are effectively reduced, and the welding quality stability is ensured.

[0029] The ventilation mechanism guides the welding mixed gas flow through the Z-shaped distribution of the upper inclined plate, the middle inclined frame and the lower inclined plate in the transfer housing, and cooperates with the detachable filter screen to efficiently intercept the welding soot particles; at the same time, the control module preferentially adjusts the humidity according to the humidity sensor data, avoids the influence of humidity on welding, and the maximum rotating speed parameter of the driving fan is preset as a safety value that does not interfere with the plasma arc, which not only prevents the diffusion of soot to pollute the environment and protect the health of the operator, but also avoids the airflow turbulence to interfere with the stability of the plasma arc, and further ensures the smoothness of the welding process.

[0030] The movable pipe in the shielding cover can slide along the fixed sliding groove of the fixed pipe, and cooperates with the telescopic property of the corrugated section to flexibly adjust the distance between the welding gun head and the welding piece, and adapt to the complex welding path of the building steel structure joint; the fixed pipe and the movable pipe form an inner protection layer, which can block the welding spatter to burn the outer shielding pipe, and prolong the service life of the equipment; in addition, the filter screen is quickly disassembled through the installation of the sliding frame, the U-shaped piece and the L-shaped plug-in part, which is convenient for later cleaning and maintenance, and reduces the equipment use cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application

[0033] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application

[0034] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application

[0035] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application

[0036] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application

[0037] Figure 7Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the shielding cover according to the present application; Figure 6 Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the shielding cover according to the present application, with the shielding top plate cut along its center plane;

[0038] Figure 8 Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the shielding cover according to the present application, with the shielding tube cut along its center plane; Figure 6 Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the shielding cover according to the present application, with the shielding tube cut along its center plane;

[0039] Figure 9 Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the shielding cover according to the present application, with the movable tube cut along its center plane; Figure 6 Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the shielding cover according to the present application, with the movable tube cut along its center plane;

[0040] Figure 10 Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the shielding cover according to the present application, with the air exchange mechanism cut along its center plane; Figure 5 Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the shielding cover according to the present application, with the air exchange mechanism cut along its center plane;

[0041] Figure 11 Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the shielding cover according to the present application, with the transfer housing cut along one of its inner walls; Figure 10 Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the shielding cover according to the present application, with the transfer housing cut along one of its inner walls;

[0042] Fig. 11 is a perspective view of the shielding cover according to the present application, with the transfer housing cut along one of its inner walls;

[0043] 1, welding machine body; 2, powder feeder; 3, integrated wiring harness;

[0044] 4, plasma torch; 401, torch handle; 402, joint; 403, welding torch head; 404, annular groove; 405, mounting thread;

[0045] 5, energy supply assembly; 501, battery box; 502, reduced-diameter boss; 503, battery receptacle; 504, battery body; 505, sealing cover; 506, through hole;

[0046] 6, shielding cover; 601, shielding top plate; 602, threaded hole; 603, shielding tube; 604, clamping bottom ring; 605, positioning ring; 606, corrugated section; 607, contact ring; 608, annular cavity; 609, positioning ring; 610, clamping top ring; 611, fixed tube; 612, fixed sliding slot; 613, movable tube; 614, engagement protrusion; 615, contact inner ring;

[0047] 7, air exchange mechanism; 701, mounting through hole; 702, drive fan; 703, control module; 704, pressure sensor; 705, humidity sensor; 706, transfer housing; 707, docking through hole; 708, filter screen; 709, adapter hole; 710, upper inclined plate; 711, middle inclined frame; 712, lower inclined plate; 713, fixed sliding cavity; 714, fixed sliding hole; 715, mounting sliding frame; 716, fixed handle; 717, fixed inlet; 718, fixed outlet; 719, U-shaped piece; 720, L-shaped insert; 721, fixed ring cavity; 722, air vent. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other in the case of no conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0049] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor should belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] As shown in Figures 1-11 , the present application provides a building steel structure joint welding device and welding method, comprising: a welding machine body 1, a powder feeder 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the welding machine body 1, an integrated wire harness 3 is fixedly connected to the side of the welding machine body 1, the other end of the integrated wire harness 3 is fixedly connected with a plasma gun 4, one end of the plasma gun 4 is fixedly installed with a power supply assembly 5, the other end of the plasma gun 4 is fixedly installed with a shielding cover 6, and the shielding cover 6 is fixedly installed with an air exchange mechanism 7.

[0051] Please refer to Figure 2 , the plasma gun 4 includes a gun handle 401, one end of the gun handle 401 is fixedly installed with a connector 402, the other end of the connector 402 is fixedly connected with the end of the integrated wire harness 3, the other end of the gun handle 401 is fixedly installed with a welding gun head 403, and the shielding cover 6 is fixedly installed on the welding gun head 403.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 3 , the power supply assembly 5 includes a battery box 501, the battery box 501 is fixedly sleeved outside the gun handle 401, the battery box 501 is provided with a power switch, a reduced-diameter boss 502 is fixedly connected to the end face of the battery box 501 away from the welding gun head 403, a plurality of battery insertion holes 503 are formed in the reduced-diameter boss 502, one end of the battery insertion hole 503 extends to the inside of the battery box 501, a battery body 504 is filled in the inside of the battery insertion hole 503, a sealing cover 505 is threadedly sleeved outside the reduced-diameter boss 502, a through hole 506 is formed in the middle of the sealing cover 505, and the through hole 506 is movably sleeved outside the connector 402.

[0053] The battery body 504 is used to supply power for driving the fan 702.

[0054] Please refer to Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7The welding gun head 403 is provided with an annular groove 404, and the annular groove 404 is fixedly connected with a mounting thread 405 at the top thereof.

[0055] The mounting thread 405 and the threaded hole 602 are detachably connected, so that the shielding cover 6 can be conveniently mounted and detached.

[0056] Please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the shielding top plate 601 is fixedly connected with a clamping bottom ring 604 at the bottom end thereof, the shielding pipe 603 is fixedly connected with a positioning ring 605 at the top end thereof, the shielding pipe 603 is movably sleeved outside the clamping bottom ring 604, the positioning ring 605 is pressed on the surface of the clamping bottom ring 604, a clamping top ring 610 is movably sleeved outside the shielding top plate 601, the clamping top ring 610 is threadedly connected with the shielding top plate 601, and the clamping top ring 610 is pressed on the surface of the positioning ring 605.

[0057] The shielding pipe 603 can be telescopic through the corrugated section 606, so that the shielding pipe 603 can be changed in length during adjustment of the distance between the welding gun head 403 and the workpiece.

[0058] The shielding pipe 603 is fixedly connected with a contact ring 607 at the bottom end thereof, the contact ring 607 is internally provided with an annular cavity 608, and the annular cavity 608 is internally inserted with a positioning annular ring 609.

[0059] The contact ring 607 is made of a high-temperature-resistant elastic material.

[0060] The positioning annular ring 609 can be deformed under external force.

[0061] The contact ring 607 is provided with a shape constraint force, so that the contact ring 607 is attached to the surface of the workpiece, and the isolation effect is increased.

[0062] The positioning annular ring 609 is made of a flexible magnetic material, such as a high-temperature-resistant silica gel magnetic ring ≤300℃ or a samarium-cobalt segmented magnetic ring ≤350℃, to prevent high-temperature demagnetization.

[0063] The magnetic attraction force between the positioning annular ring 609 and the workpiece increases the attachment force between the contact ring 607 and the surface of the workpiece, and the isolation effect is increased.

[0064] Please refer to Figure 6And Figure 9 The bottom surface of the shielding top plate 601 is fixedly connected with a fixed pipe 611, the fixed pipe 611 is located inside the shielding pipe 603, a plurality of fixed sliding grooves 612 are arranged on the surface of the fixed pipe 611, the outer part of the fixed pipe 611 is slidably sleeved with a movable pipe 613, a plurality of clamping protrusions 614 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the movable pipe 613 and located at the top end of the movable pipe 613, the clamping protrusions 614 are slidably inserted into the fixed sliding grooves 612, and the bottom end of the movable pipe 613 is movably sleeved with a contact inner ring 615.

[0065] The fixed pipe 611 and the movable pipe 613 apply a constraint force to the shielding pipe 603, so that a safe distance is maintained between the shielding pipe 603 and the plasma arc, and the shielding pipe 603 and the corrugated section 606 are prevented from being burnt by welding spatters, the movable pipe 613 can slide along the fixed sliding grooves 612 of the fixed pipe 611, and the distance between the welding gun head 403 and the workpiece can be flexibly adjusted in cooperation with the telescopic property of the corrugated section 606.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 5 And Figure 10 The ventilation mechanism 7 comprises a mounting through hole 701 and a driving fan 702, the mounting through hole 701 is arranged on the shielding top plate 601 and communicates with the cavity inside the fixed pipe 611, and the driving fan 702 is bolted on the shielding top plate 601, and the battery body 504 is electrically connected with the driving fan 702.

[0067] The ventilation mechanism 7 is used for discharging mixed gas generated in welding.

[0068] Please refer to Figure 6 And Figure 7 The ventilation mechanism 7 further comprises a control module 703, a pressure sensor 704 and a humidity sensor 705, the control module 703 is fixedly installed on the surface of the shielding top plate 601, the battery body 504 is electrically connected with the driving fan 702 through the control module 703, the pressure sensor 704 and the humidity sensor 705 are electrically connected with the control module 703, the driving fan 702 is electrically connected with the control module 703, the pressure sensor 704 and the humidity sensor 705 are fixedly inserted into the shielding top plate 601, and one end of each of the pressure sensor 704 and the humidity sensor 705 extends into the cavity inside the fixed pipe 611.

[0069] The control module 703 is used for controlling the humidity and air pressure in the cavity inside the fixed pipe 611, so that the humidity and air do not affect the welding quality.

[0070] The shielding top plate 601, the shielding tube 603, the positioning ring 605, the corrugated section 606, the fixed tube 611, and the movable tube 613 are all made of transparent materials, and the shielding top plate 601, the fixed tube 611, and the movable tube 613 are made of hard transparent materials such as quartz glass or transparent ceramic; the shielding tube 603, the positioning ring 605, and the corrugated section 606 are made of soft materials such as silica gel film, modified TPU film, and PDMS film, wherein the PDMS film can be stretched to 5 times the original length and has a temperature resistance of 210 DEG C.

[0071] The distance between the welding gun head 403 and the workpiece surface is observed.

[0072] The existing documents "Diagnosis of Welding Arc Temperature Field by Speckle Photography Method", China Laser, 1994, "Dynamic Distribution Characteristics and Forming Control of Ultra-thin Plate Pulsed Micro-beam Plasma Arc Welding Temperature Field", Welding Journal, 2020, and "Finite Element Analysis of TA2 Plate Plasma Arc Welding Based on ANSYS", Materials Development and Application, 2015, record the plasma arc welding temperature field distribution, wherein the "Dynamic Distribution Characteristics and Forming Control of Ultra-thin Plate Pulsed Micro-beam Plasma Arc Welding Temperature Field", Welding Journal, 2020, records that the highest temperature at the center of the molten pool is about 1400 DEG C higher than the melting point of the base material, the temperature at a distance of 5 mm from the edge of the molten pool is reduced to 400-500 DEG C, and the temperature gradient is 80-100 DEG C / mm.

[0073] At a distance of 20 mm from the arc column: the temperature is reduced to 200-250 DEG C, which is highly consistent with the "200-260 DEG C" range in the previous answer.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 10 , the ventilation mechanism 7 further comprises a transfer housing 706, the transfer housing 706 is bolted on the surface of the shielding top plate 601, the top surface of the transfer housing 706 is provided with a butt joint through hole 707, the inner wall of the transfer housing 706 is fixedly connected with a filter screen 708, the bottom surface of the transfer housing 706 is provided with a transfer hole 709, the driving fan 702 is bolted on the top surface of the transfer housing 706 and communicates with the butt joint through hole 707, and the transfer hole 709 communicates with the mounting through hole 701.

[0075] The mixed gas can be treated by the filter screen 708 to avoid pollution of the environment.

[0076] The top surface of the transfer housing 706 is inclined, and the end of the top surface of the transfer housing 706 close to the welding gun head 403 is higher than the other end.

[0077] The treated mixed gas is discharged away from the plasma gun 4 to avoid the discharged gas blowing to the worker and causing discomfort.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 10 and Figure 11The inner wall of the transfer shell 706 is fixedly connected with an upper inclined plate 710, a middle inclined frame 711 and a lower inclined plate 712. One end of the upper inclined plate 710 is fixedly connected to one end of the middle inclined frame 711, and one end of the lower inclined plate 712 is fixedly connected to the other end of the middle inclined frame 711. The upper inclined plate 710, the middle inclined frame 711 and the lower inclined plate 712 are in mirror image Z-shaped distribution. A fixed inlet 717 is formed at the connection between the lower inclined plate 712 and the middle inclined frame 711, and a fixed outlet 718 is formed at the connection between the upper inclined plate 710 and the middle inclined frame 711. A fixed sliding cavity 713 is formed on the inner side of the middle inclined frame 711. A fixed sliding hole 714 is formed on the side of the transfer shell 706 and communicates with the fixed sliding cavity 713. A mounting sliding frame 715 is slidably inserted into the fixed sliding cavity 713 and the fixed sliding hole 714. The filter screen 708 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting sliding frame 715 and located at the bottom thereof.

[0079] The upper inclined plate 710, the middle inclined frame 711 and the lower inclined plate 712 are in mirror image Z-shaped distribution, so that the intercepted objects are stopped on the top surface of the filter screen 708. The filter screen 708 is inclined, so that the intercepted objects are automatically gathered, and the filter screen 708 is prevented from being completely blocked.

[0080] One end surface of the mounting sliding frame 715 is flush with the side of the transfer shell 706, and a fixed handle 716 is fixedly connected to the end surface. A U-shaped piece 719 is fixedly connected to the side of the transfer shell 706. An L-shaped insert 720 is movably inserted into the U-shaped piece 719, and the L-shaped insert 720 clamps the mounting sliding frame 715.

[0081] The L-shaped insert 720 is inserted into the U-shaped piece 719, so that the filter screen 708 can be quickly disassembled and maintained.

[0082] Please refer to Figure 7 A fixed ring cavity 721 is formed in the inner portion of the shielding top plate 601 and fixedly communicates with the mounting through hole 701. A plurality of air holes 722 are formed on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the fixed ring cavity 721 and are equidistantly arranged in a circle. The air holes 722 communicate with the inner cavity of the fixed tube 611 and are located close to the connection between the fixed tube 611 and the shielding top plate 601.

[0083] The plurality of air holes 722 are equidistantly arranged in a circle, and the air holes 722 are located close to the connection between the fixed tube 611 and the shielding top plate 601, so that the airflow is dispersed and discharged, the influence of the airflow on the plasma arc is reduced, and the welding quality is improved.

[0084] A building steel structure joint welding method using the building steel structure joint welding device described above, comprising the following steps:

[0085] First step: hold the handle 401 of the plasma gun 4, and then press the shielding cover 6 on the surface of the workpiece;

[0086] Second step: align the welding head 403 with the gap between the workpieces, and then apply pressure to the positioning ring 609. The positioning ring 609 will then adhere to the surface of the workpiece under the pressure and deform accordingly, so that the shielding cover 6 is adapted to the shape of the workpiece, thereby isolating the new weld from the outside;

[0087] Third step: turn on the power switch, and the driving fan 702 will start to work. The driving fan 702 will expel the gas inside the shielding cover 6;

[0088] Fourth step: control the welding machine main body 1 to start the welding work of the welding head 403. The welding head 403 will weld the gap between the workpieces, and then move the plasma gun 4 along the gap between the workpieces until the welding is completed.

[0089] Working principle

[0090] First, the hand-held gun handle 401 picks up the plasma gun 4, then aims the shielding cover 6 at the gap between the workpieces, then makes the welding gun head 403 aim at the gap between the workpieces, then makes the plasma gun 4 move to the gap between the workpieces, then the plasma gun 4 moves synchronously with the shielding cover 6, then the contact ring 607 is pressed against the surface of the workpiece, then the contact ring 607 is pressed to make the contact ring 607 fit the surface of the workpiece, and the shielding tube 603 deforms correspondingly, then the contact ring 607 exerts pressure on the positioning ring 609, then the positioning ring 609 deforms under the pressure, then the pressure applied to the contact ring 607 is removed, then the shape of the contact ring 607 is fixed under the constraint of the positioning ring 609, so that the contact ring 607 fits the surface of the workpiece, then the positioning ring 609 is magnetically attracted to the surface of the workpiece, the magnetic attraction between the positioning ring 609 and the workpiece provides a restraining force to the contact ring 607, making the shape of the contact ring 607 more stable, which isolates the welding position from the outside and prevents external airflow from affecting the welding quality, resulting in better welding quality. During this process, when the contact ring 607 is pressed against the surface of the workpiece, the contact inner ring 615 is also pressed against the surface of the workpiece, at which time the fixed tube 611 and the movable tube 613 act as a skeleton to constrain the deformation direction of the shielding tube 603, so that the shielding tube 603 maintains a safe distance from the plasma arc, then the power switch is turned on, then the pressure sensor 704 and the humidity sensor 705 detect the air pressure and humidity inside the fixed tube 611 in real time and send the data to the control module 703, then the control module 703 compares the received data with the preset data in it in real time and calculates the difference, when the air pressure value is greater than the preset air pressure value, the control module 703 controls the driving fan 702 to run to exhaust the gas generated during welding, the greater the difference between the two, the faster the control module 703 controls the driving fan 702 to run, the smaller the difference between the two, the slower the control module 703 controls the driving fan 702 to run, when the detected air pressure value is less than the preset air pressure value, the control module 703 controls the driving fan 702 to stop running, so as to dynamically balance the effect of adjusting the air pressure inside the fixed tube 611. When the air pressure inside the fixed tube 611 is slightly higher than the outside air pressure, it can prevent air from entering the fixed tube 611 and causing oxidation of the molten pool, which helps to further improve the welding quality.When the detected humidity value is greater than the preset humidity value, the control module 703 controls the driving fan 702 to run to exhaust the humidity generated in the welding. The greater the difference between the two, the faster the control module 703 controls the driving fan 702 to run. The smaller the difference between the two, the slower the control module 703 controls the driving fan 702 to run. When the detected humidity value is less than the preset humidity value, the control module 703 controls the driving fan 702 to stop running, thereby dynamically balancing the effect of adjusting the humidity inside the fixed tube 611. In this way, the humidity value is controlled to ensure that the humidity does not affect the welding quality, which helps to increase the welding quality again. The control module 703 has a preset maximum running speed parameter of the driving fan 702. When the driving fan 702 runs at the maximum speed, the generated airflow does not affect the plasma arc, ensuring the welding quality. Humidity control is prioritized over air pressure control, then pressure is applied to the plasma gun 4 to adjust the position of the welding torch head 403, then the distance between the welding torch head 403 and the workpiece gap is observed through the shielding top plate 601, the shielding tube 603, the corrugated section 606, the fixed tube 611, and the movable tube 613. Then the welding torch head 403 approaches the workpiece gap, and at the same time the workpiece surface applies pressure to the shielding tube 603 through the contact ring 607, causing the shielding tube 603 to shorten. Moreover, the workpiece surface applies a pushing force to the movable tube 613 through the contact inner ring 615, causing the movable tube 613 to slide upward along the fixed sliding groove 612 under the action of the pushing force. After that, the distance between the welding torch head 403 and the workpiece gap meets the welding requirements, then the welding machine main body 1 is turned on, the welding machine main body 1 controls the welding torch head 403 to work, then the welding torch head 403 welds the workpiece gap. At this time, the fixed tube 611 and the movable tube 613 play a protective role to prevent the splashed particulate matter from damaging the shielding tube 603. At the same time, the mixed gas formed by the gas, water vapor, and particulate matter generated during the welding process increases the air pressure and humidity inside the fixed tube 611. After that, the mixed gas passes through the air hole 722, the fixed ring cavity 721, the mounting hole 701, the adapter hole 709, the transfer cavity 706, the fixed inlet 717, the filter screen 708, the fixed outlet 718, the butt joint hole 707, and the driving fan 702 to exhaust. Then the filter screen 708 filters the mixed gas to intercept the particulate matter. Then the welding torch head 403 is moved along the extension direction of the workpiece gap until the welding is completed. After that, the welding machine main body 1 and the power switch are turned off, then the L-shaped insert 720 is pulled out of the U-shaped piece 719, then the mounting sliding frame 715 is pulled out by the fixed handle 716, and then the filter screen 708 is disassembled. After that, the particulate matter intercepted by the filter screen 708 is cleaned. Then the mounting sliding frame 715 is inserted into the fixed sliding hole 714 and the fixed sliding cavity 713, and then the L-shaped insert 720 is inserted into the U-shaped piece 719.

[0091] Those skilled in the art should understand: the discussion of any above-mentioned embodiment is only exemplary; under the idea of the present application, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes of different aspects of the present application as described above, which are not provided in details for the sake of simplicity.

[0092] The present application is intended to cover all such alternatives, modifications, and variations as fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, any one of the above-mentioned embodiments or different embodiments can be combined, steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes of different aspects of the present application as described above, which are not provided in details for the sake of simplicity.

Claims

1. A building steel structure joint welding apparatus comprising: The welding machine body (1) is characterized in that a powder feeder (2) is fixedly installed on the top of the welding machine body (1), an integrated wire harness (3) is fixedly connected to the side of the welding machine body (1), a plasma gun (4) is fixedly connected to the other end of the integrated wire harness (3), a power supply component (5) is fixedly installed on one end of the plasma gun (4), a shield (6) is fixedly installed on the other end of the plasma gun (4), and a ventilation mechanism (7) is fixedly installed on the shield (6). The plasma gun (4) includes a gun handle (401), one end of which is fixedly mounted with a connector (402), the other end of which is fixedly connected to the end of the integrated wire harness (3), and the other end of which is fixedly mounted with a welding gun head (403). A shield (6) is fixedly mounted on the welding gun head (403). The welding gun head (403) has an annular groove (404) and an installation thread (405) fixedly connected to the surface of the annular groove (404) at its top. The shield (6) includes a shield top plate (601) and a threaded hole (602) is provided in the middle of the shield top plate (601). The threaded hole (602) fixes the shield (6) to the welding gun head (403) through the threaded engagement between the threaded hole (602) and the installation thread (405). A shield tube (603) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the shield top plate (601). The bottom end of the shielding top plate (601) is fixedly connected to a clamping bottom ring (604), the top end of the shielding tube (603) is fixedly connected to a positioning ring (605), the shielding tube (603) is movably sleeved outside the clamping bottom ring (604), the positioning ring (605) presses on the surface of the clamping bottom ring (604), the outside of the shielding top plate (601) is movably sleeved with a clamping top ring (610), the clamping top ring (610) and the shielding top plate (601) are threaded together, the clamping top ring (610) presses on the surface of the positioning ring (605), and a corrugated joint (606) is fixedly connected to the shielding tube (603). The bottom end of the shielding tube (603) is fixedly connected to a contact ring (607), and an annular cavity (608) is opened inside the contact ring (607). A positioning ring (609) is inserted inside the annular cavity (608). The positioning ring (609) can be deformed under external force; The positioning ring (609) is made of flexible magnetic material.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The power supply component (5) includes a battery box (501), which is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the gun handle (401). The battery box (501) is equipped with a power switch. A reduced diameter boss (502) is fixedly connected to the end face of the battery box (501) away from the welding gun head (403). Multiple battery sockets (503) are opened on the reduced diameter boss (502). One end of the battery socket (503) extends into the inside of the battery box (501). The battery body (504) is filled inside the battery socket (503). A sealing cap (505) is threaded onto the outside of the reduced diameter boss (502). A through hole (506) is opened in the middle of the sealing cap (505). The through hole (506) is movably sleeved on the outside of the connector (402).

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The fixed pipe (611) is located in the inside of the shielding pipe (603), a plurality of fixed sliding grooves (612) are arranged on the surface of the fixed pipe (611), the outer part of the fixed pipe (611) is slidably sleeved with a movable pipe (613), a plurality of clamping protrusions (614) are fixedly connected to the top end of the inner wall of the movable pipe (613), the clamping protrusions (614) are slidably inserted into the inside of the fixed sliding grooves (612), and the bottom end of the movable pipe (613) is slidably sleeved with a contact inner ring (615).

4. The apparatus according to claim 3, wherein The ventilation mechanism (7) comprises a mounting through hole (701) and a driving fan (702), the mounting through hole (701) is arranged on the shielding top plate (601) and communicates with the inside cavity of the fixed pipe (611), and the driving fan (702) is bolted on the shielding top plate (601); the battery body (504) is electrically connected with the driving fan (702).

5. A device for welding a joint of a building steel structure according to claim 4, characterized in that The ventilation mechanism (7) further comprises a control module (703), a pressure sensor (704) and a humidity sensor (705), the control module (703) is fixedly installed on the surface of the shielding top plate (601), the battery body (504) is electrically connected with the driving fan (702) through the control module (703), the pressure sensor (704) and the humidity sensor (705) are electrically connected with the control module (703), the pressure sensor (704) and the humidity sensor (705) are fixedly inserted into the shielding top plate (601), and one end of the pressure sensor (704) and the humidity sensor (705) extends into the inside cavity of the fixed pipe (611).

6. A building steel structure joint welding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The ventilation mechanism (7) further comprises a transfer shell (706), the transfer shell (706) is bolted on the surface of the shielding top plate (601), the top surface of the transfer shell (706) is provided with a butt joint through hole (707), the inner wall of the transfer shell (706) is fixedly connected with a filter screen (708), the bottom surface of the transfer shell (706) is provided with a transfer hole (709), the driving fan (702) is bolted on the top surface of the transfer shell (706) and communicates with the butt joint through hole (707), and the transfer hole (709) communicates with the mounting through hole (701).

7. A building steel structure joint welding device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top surface of the transfer shell (706) is inclined, and the end of the top surface of the transfer shell (706) close to the welding gun head (403) is higher than the other end. The inner wall of the transfer shell (706) is fixedly connected with an upper inclined plate (710), a middle inclined frame (711) and a lower inclined plate (712), one end of the upper inclined plate (710) is fixedly connected to one end of the middle inclined frame (711), one end of the lower inclined plate (712) is fixedly connected to the other end of the middle inclined frame (711), the upper inclined plate (710), the middle inclined frame (711) and the lower inclined plate (712) are in mirror image Z-shaped distribution, a fixed inlet (717) is formed at the connection between the lower inclined plate (712) and the middle inclined frame (711), a fixed outlet (718) is formed at the connection between the upper inclined plate (710) and the middle inclined frame (711), a fixed sliding cavity (713) is formed in the inner side surface of the middle inclined frame (711), a fixed sliding hole (714) is formed in the side surface of the transfer shell (706), the fixed sliding hole (714) is in communication with the fixed sliding cavity (713), a mounting sliding frame (715) is slidably inserted into the fixed sliding cavity (713) and the fixed sliding hole (714), a filter screen (708) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the mounting sliding frame (715) and located at the bottom of the mounting sliding frame (715), one end surface of the mounting sliding frame (715) is flush with the side surface of the transfer shell (706) and a fixed handle (716) is fixedly connected to the end surface, a U-shaped piece (719) is fixedly connected to the side surface of the transfer shell (706), an L-shaped plug-in part (720) is movably inserted into the U-shaped piece (719), the L-shaped plug-in part (720) clamps the mounting sliding frame (715); The inner wall of the shielding top plate (601) is provided with a fixed ring cavity (721), the fixed ring cavity (721) is in fixed communication with the mounting through hole (701), a plurality of air holes (722) are formed in the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the fixed ring cavity (721), the plurality of air holes (722) are equidistantly arranged in a circle, the air holes (722) are in communication with the inner cavity of the fixed pipe (611), and the air holes (722) are close to the connection between the fixed pipe (611) and the shielding top plate (601).

8. A method of welding a joint of a building steel structure using the building steel structure joint welding apparatus according to claim 7, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: First step: hold the gun handle (401) to pick up the plasma gun (4), and then press the shielding cover (6) on the surface of the workpiece; Second step: align the welding gun head (403) with the gap between the workpieces, then apply pressure to the positioning ring (609), then the positioning ring (609) is attached to the surface of the workpiece under the action of the pressure, and the shape of the shielding cover (6) is matched with the shape of the workpiece, thereby isolating the new welding position from the outside; Third step: turn on the power switch to start the driving fan (702), and the driving fan (702) discharges the gas in the shielding cover (6); Fourth step: control the welding gun head (403) to start welding work through the welding machine body (1), and then move the plasma gun (4) along the gap between the workpieces until the welding is completed.

Images