Built-in expansion anti-deformation positioning device for machining thin-wall speed reducer shell

Abstract

The invention discloses a built-in expansion anti-deformation positioning device for machining a thin-wall speed reducer shell, and relates to the technical field of speed reducer machining, the built-in expansion anti-deformation positioning device comprises a base, an expansion supporting body is arranged on the base, clamping pieces are arranged on the two sides of the base, each clamping piece is provided with an air injection hole, the base is provided with the shell, the expansion supporting body is located in the shell, and the expansion supporting body is located in the shell. When the two clamping pieces are close to the shell and clamp the shell, the expansion supporting body expands to support the shell, and when the two clamping pieces are far away from the shell, the air injection holes inject air to the clamping face of the shell to remove cuttings. The clamping piece is arranged to be matched with the hard supporting body and the expansion supporting body, the problem that when the thin-wall shell is machined, the shell is prone to being damaged by pressing is solved, the air spraying holes are formed in the clamping piece, after rough machining is completed, the clamping face of the shell can be cleaned, and the machining efficiency is improved. And the error problem caused by cuttings in the finish machining stage is prevented.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of speed reducer machining, and in particular to an internal expansion anti-deformation positioning device for thin-walled speed reducer shell machining. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the manufacturing process of the speed reducer shell, the blank of the speed reducer shell is first cast, and then the mutual combination surface, the main shaft hole and the installation position of the important parts of the shell are machined by using a machine tool. The machining process is usually divided into a rough machining stage and a finish machining stage.

[0003] When the thin-walled speed reducer shell is machined, the clamping force of the clamping part is easy to cause elastic deformation, and when the clamping force is too large, the shell is even easy to be damaged, thereby causing the problem of product scrapping and increasing the defective rate.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned embodiment can monitor the pressure on the shell and the exhaust amount of the two connecting pipes in real time by connecting the second electromagnetic valve, the pneumatic system and the pressure sensor with the control system of the machining equipment, it is found in actual use that although the above-mentioned embodiment can reduce the damage to the shell to a certain extent, there is still a problem of insufficient internal support, so that when the clamping force of the clamping part is too large, the outer part of the shell is deformed, thereby causing the thin-walled shell of the speed reducer to be damaged and resulting in unqualified production.

[0005] In the continuous machining process, the chips and cooling liquid are easy to accumulate in the gap between the positioning element and the base. If not cleaned in time, it will seriously affect the positioning accuracy of the workpiece next time. Manual cleaning will interrupt the production rhythm. When clamping in the finish machining stage, if the shell surface has chips and other impurities after rough machining and is not cleaned, a slight position error will occur when the shell is clamped, so that the machined shell has certain size and end face defects in the finish machining stage, resulting in that the product does not meet the production requirements. If cleaned, the chips and other impurities are small and easy to be inhaled into the body during cleaning, which will cause damage to the respiratory tract of workers, is not conducive to the health of workers, and needs an additional cleaning process. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to provide an internal expansion anti-deformation positioning device for thin-walled speed reducer shell machining to solve the technical problems of the above background that the clamping part is easy to cause pressure damage to the shell when clamping the shell, and the machining process needs to be interrupted when cleaning the clamping surface of the shell.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the application provides the following technical scheme: a built-in expansion anti-deformation positioning device for thin-wall speed reducer shell machining, comprising a base, an expansion support body is arranged on the base, clamping pieces are arranged on both sides of the base, a gas injection hole is formed in each clamping piece, a shell is arranged on the base, the expansion support body is located in the shell, when the two clamping pieces are close to the shell and clamp the shell, the expansion support body expands to support the shell, when the two clamping pieces are away from the shell, the gas injection hole sprays gas to the clamping part of the shell to remove chips.

[0008] Preferably, two air cylinders corresponding to the clamping pieces are arranged on the base, and a piston is arranged in each air cylinder.

[0009] Preferably, each piston divides the corresponding air cylinder into a first chamber and a second chamber, an air passage is formed in the piston, the air passage communicates with the first chamber, and the end of the piston away from the first chamber extends out of the air cylinder and is fixedly connected with the corresponding clamping piece.

[0010] Preferably, a communication groove communicating with the corresponding air passage is formed in each clamping piece, and each communication groove communicates with the corresponding gas injection hole.

[0011] Preferably, a pneumatic system is arranged in the base, a connecting cavity is arranged at the output end of the pneumatic system, the first chambers of the two air cylinders respectively communicate with the connecting cavity through connecting pipes, and the expansion support body communicates with the connecting cavity through a connecting pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a hard support body is arranged on the base, the hard support body is attached to the inner surface of the shell, and the expansion support body is located in the hard support body.

[0013] Preferably, when the clamping pieces clamp the shell, the expansion support body expands and is attached to the inner surface of the hard support body, so that the hard support body can provide sufficient support force to the shell, thereby preventing the deformation of the extrusion part of the shell.

[0014] Preferably, a first electromagnetic valve is arranged in each air passage.

[0015] Preferably, a pressure sensor is arranged at the end of each clamping piece close to the shell, and the first electromagnetic valve, the pressure sensor and the pneumatic system are electrically connected with the control system of the machining equipment.

[0016] Preferably, an elastic pad is arranged on the inner end surface of each clamping piece, and an exhaust hole corresponding to the clamping piece is formed in the elastic pad.

[0017] The application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1、 through the setting of pressure sensor and elastic pad, can provide certain support force and buffer force when the clamping piece clamps the thin-walled shell, and through the setting of hard support body, a support force opposite to the action force of the clamping piece can be provided inside, thereby preventing the shell from being deformed and squeezed, through the setting of expansion support body, pressure detection element, pressure sensor and the like, the pressure of the expansion support body on the hard support body and the pressure of the clamping piece on the shell remain consistent, so that when the clamping piece clamps the shell, the expansion support body is wrapped by the hard support body outside, the pressure of the expansion support body on the hard support body and the shell is consistent, and the gas flowability is good, so that the pressure inside the shell is uniform, thereby the pressure of the clamping piece on the shell at the place can be offset, and the problem that the surface of the shell is damaged and squeezed is prevented; through the intercommunication of the air vent, the first chamber and the second chamber and the control of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve, high-pressure gas can be sprayed to the side of the shell through the air jet hole and the exhaust hole after the clamping piece is away from the shell by a certain distance, so that the side of the shell is cleaned, the time and labor of manual cleaning are saved, the physical damage to the workers is avoided, the cleaning step is reduced, and the product can be directly finished after being removed, the situation that slight errors occur when the jig clamps in the finishing stage due to the leakage of cleaning is avoided, the efficiency is improved, and the probability of defective products is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0023] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0025] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0027] The reference signs are: 1, base; 2, expansion support; 201, communication pipe; 3, clamping part; 301, air injection hole; 302, communication groove; 303, elastic pad; 304, exhaust hole; 4, housing; 5, air cylinder; 501, piston; 502, first chamber; 503, second chamber; 504, air hole; 505, first electromagnetic valve; 506, connecting pipe; 6, pneumatic system; 601, connecting cavity; 7, hard support; 8, pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0029] Embodiment one

[0030] In the manufacturing process of the speed reducer housing 4, the blank of the speed reducer housing 4 is usually cast first, and then the combined surface, the main shaft hole and the installation position of important parts of the housing 4 are machined by using a machine tool. The machining process usually includes a rough machining stage and a finishing machining stage.

[0031] When the thin-walled speed reducer housing 4 is machined, the clamping force of the clamping part is easy to cause elastic deformation, and when the clamping force is too large, the housing 4 is even easy to be damaged, thereby causing the problem of product scrapping and increasing the defective rate.

[0032] In order to solve the above technical problems, please refer to Figures 1 to 8As shown, the built-in expansion anti-deformation positioning device for thin-walled speed reducer shell machining in one embodiment of the present application comprises a base 1, the base 1 is provided with an expansion support 2, the base 1 is provided with a clamping piece 3 on both sides, the base 1 is provided with a shell 4, the expansion support 2 is located in the shell 4, the base 1 is provided with two cylinders 5 corresponding to the clamping piece 3, a piston 501 is slidably arranged in the cylinder 5, one end of the piston 501 extends out of the cylinder 5 and is fixedly connected with the corresponding clamping piece 3, each piston 501 divides the corresponding cylinder 5 into a first chamber 502 and a second chamber 503, an air hole 504 is formed in the piston 501, the air hole 504 is in communication with the first chamber 502, the end of the piston 501 away from the first chamber 502 extends out of the cylinder 5 and is fixedly connected with the corresponding clamping piece 3, a pneumatic system 6 is arranged in the base 1, the output end of the pneumatic system 6 is provided with a connecting cavity 601, the first chambers 502 of the two cylinders 5 are respectively in communication with the connecting cavity 601 through connecting pipes 506, a hard support 7 is arranged on the base 1, the hard support 7 is attached to the inner surface of the shell 4, the expansion support 2 is located in the hard support 7, a first electromagnetic valve 505 is arranged in each air hole 504, a pressure sensor 8 is arranged at the end of each clamping piece 3 close to the shell 4, the first electromagnetic valve 505, the pressure sensor 8 and the pneumatic system 6 are electrically connected with the control system of the machining equipment, and an elastic pad 303 is arranged on the inner end surface of each clamping piece 3.

[0033] In use, the shell 4 is placed on the base 1, so that the inner surface of the shell 4 is attached to the outer surface of the hard support 7, thereby preparing for providing stable support for the clamped part of the shell 4, then the control system of the machining equipment controls the pneumatic system 6 to fill gas into the first chambers 502 of the cylinders 5 through the connecting pipes 506, and the second chambers 503 have gas, meanwhile, a second electromagnetic valve is arranged on the connecting pipe 506 and the communication pipe 201, not shown in the figure, and the second electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the control system of the machining equipment and is used for controlling the inflation of the first chambers 502 and the expansion support 2 respectively, which is a prior art and will not be described in detail here.

[0034] The second electromagnetic valve is opened and the first electromagnetic valve 505 is closed, so that the piston 501 moves towards the shell 4, the gas in the second chamber 503 is compressed, the piston 501 drives the corresponding clamping piece 3 to move towards the shell 4, the second electromagnetic valve controls the flow of the gas, so that the forces of the two clamping pieces 3 on the shell 4 are consistent, after the two clamping pieces 3 clamp the shell 4, the pressure of the clamping piece 3 on the shell 4 is detected by the pressure sensor 8, so as to ensure that the pressure of the clamping piece 3 will not be too large to cause the thin-walled shell 4 to be squeezed, meanwhile, a part of the support force is provided by the support of the hard support 7, and a certain buffer is provided by the elastic pad 303, so as to prevent the squeezing force of the clamping piece 3 from being too large to cause damage.

[0035] Through the pressure sensor 8 and the elastic pad 303, certain supporting force and buffering force can be provided when the clamping piece 3 clamps and fixes the thin-walled shell 4, and through the setting of the hard support 7, a supporting force opposite to the acting force of the clamping piece 3 can be provided inside, thereby preventing the shell 4 from being deformed and squeezed.

[0036] Embodiment two

[0037] Although the above embodiment can monitor the pressure on the shell 4 and the exhaust amount of the two connecting pipes 506 in real time by connecting the second electromagnetic valve, the pneumatic system 6, the pressure sensor 8 and the control system of the processing equipment, it is found in actual use that although the above embodiment can reduce the damage to the shell 4 to a certain extent, there is still a problem of insufficient internal support, so that when the clamping piece 3 is squeezed too hard, the shell 4 is deformed on the outside, thereby causing damage to the thin-walled shell 4 of the speed reducer, resulting in unqualified production.

[0038] To solve the above technical problems, please refer to Figures 1 to 8 The technical scheme adopted on the basis of the above embodiment includes the clamping piece 3, the jet holes 301 are formed on each clamping piece 3, the expansion support 2 is arranged on the base 1, the expansion support 2 is communicated with the connecting cavity 601 through the communicating pipe 201, when the two clamping pieces 3 are close to the shell 4 and clamp the shell 4, the expansion support 2 is expanded to support the shell 4, and when the clamping piece 3 clamps the shell 4, the expansion support 2 is expanded to be attached to the inner surface of the hard support 7, so that the hard support 7 can provide sufficient supporting force to the shell 4, thereby preventing the shell 4 from being deformed at the squeezed position.

[0039] In specific use, when the pneumatic system 6 fills the first cavity 502 with gas through the connecting pipe 506, the gas flow in the connecting pipe 506 is controlled through the corresponding second electromagnetic valve, and the pneumatic system 6 fills the expansion support 2 with gas through the communicating pipe 201, so that the expansion support 2 gradually contacts the inner end surface of the hard support 7, thereby providing better supporting effect, and the pressure detection element can be arranged in the first cavity 502 and the expansion support 2 for detecting the pressure in the first cavity 502 and the expansion support 2.

[0040] The pressure detected by the pressure detecting element and the pressure sensor 8 sends a signal to the control system of the machining equipment, so that the control system of the machining equipment controls the pneumatic system 6 and the second electromagnetic valve on the connecting pipe 506 and the communication pipe 201, so as to control the gas flow of the pneumatic system 6 to the first chamber 502 and the inside of the inflatable support 2 at any time, so that the pressure of the first chamber 502, the inflatable support 2 and the clamping piece 3 on the shell 4 is consistent, and the gas flow of the pneumatic system 6 to the first chamber 502 and the inside of the inflatable support 2 is controlled at any time, so that even when the pressure of the clamping piece 3 on the shell 4 changes slowly, the shell 4 is not easily damaged.

[0041] Therefore, the pressure of the clamping piece 3 on the shell 4, the pressure in the first chamber 502 and the pressure in the inflatable support 2 are consistent, so that the internal support force is equal to the external clamping force, thereby preventing the deformation of the outer wall of the shell 4, and achieving better support effect.

[0042] By setting the inflatable support 2 and the pressure detecting element, the pressure sensor 8 and the like, the pressure of the inflatable support 2 on the hard support 7 and the pressure of the clamping piece 3 on the shell 4 are kept consistent, so that when the clamping piece 3 clamps the shell 4, and the hard support 7 wraps the inflatable support 2 externally, the pressure of the inflatable support 2 on the hard support 7 and the shell 4 is consistent, and the gas flow is good, which will not cause uneven pressure in the shell 4, so that the pressure of the shell 4 is equal everywhere, thereby offsetting the pressure of the clamping piece 3 on the shell 4 at that place, preventing the surface of the shell 4 from being damaged and squeezed.

[0043] Embodiment three

[0044] Although the above embodiment can prevent the clamping piece 3 from damaging the surface of the thin-walled shell 4, thereby achieving better clamping effect, in actual use, the shell 4 of the speed reducer generally needs to be processed in two stages, i.e. rough machining stage and finishing machining stage. However, after rough machining, a lot of cutting chips are accumulated on the surface of the shell 4. If the cutting chips are not cleaned, a slight position error will occur when the shell 4 is clamped in the finishing machining stage, so that the processed shell 4 has certain size and end face defects in the finishing machining stage, which causes the product to not meet the production requirements. If the cutting chips are cleaned, the cutting chips are small and easy to be inhaled into the body, which damages the respiratory tract of the workers and is not conducive to the health of the workers, and an additional cleaning process is needed.

[0045] In order to solve the above technical problems, please refer to Figures 1 to 8As shown, on the basis of the above embodiment, the technical scheme adopted includes the clamping piece 3, when the two clamping pieces 3 are away from the shell 4, the air injection hole 301 sprays air to the clamping part of the shell 4 to clean the cuttings, each clamping piece 3 is provided with a communication groove 302 which is in communication with the corresponding air hole 504, each communication groove 302 is in communication with the corresponding air injection hole 301, and the elastic pad 303 is provided with an air exhaust hole 304 corresponding to the clamping piece 3.

[0046] In the specific working process, when the rough machining process is completed and the rough machined shell 4 needs to be removed, the second electromagnetic valve on the connecting pipe 506 is opened first by controlling the control system of the machining equipment, and then the pneumatic system 6 extracts part of the gas in the first chamber 502, so that there is a gap between the clamping piece 3 and the shell 4, and the hard support 7 can be arranged on the base 1 in a detachable manner, which can ensure that the hard support 7 remains fixed when the shell 4 needs to be machined, and can be removed when not needed. This dismounting method can be realized by any one of the existing technologies.

[0047] Then control the second electromagnetic valve to close, open the first electromagnetic valve 505, the gas in the first chamber 502 is discharged after passing through the air hole 504, the communication groove 302, the air injection hole 301 and the air exhaust hole 304, and the opening direction of the air exhaust hole 304 and the air injection hole 301 can cover the whole side of the shell 4, so that the sprayed gas can clean the whole side of the shell 4, and a micro-vibration component can be arranged inside the hard support 7, which can be controlled by the control system of the machining equipment, so that the shell 4 vibrates when the air injection hole 301 and the air exhaust hole 304 clean the side of the shell 4, and the cuttings and impurities on the side of the shell 4 are shaken off. Not shown in the figure, this technology uses existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0048] At the same time, due to the existence of a certain amount of gas in the second chamber 503, when the first chamber 502 is in communication with the communication groove 302, the gas in the second chamber 503 extrudes the piston 501 to move away from the shell 4, so that the impact force of the gas discharge is large enough to improve the cleaning effect.

[0049] After the gas in the first chamber 502 is released, the pneumatic system 6 can be inflated again into the first chamber 502, so that the first electromagnetic valve 505 and the second electromagnetic valve are opened at the same time, and then the gas is transmitted to the air injection hole 301 and the air exhaust hole 304 and discharged, so that the clamping surface of the shell 4 is fully cleaned, thereby achieving a good effect of cleaning cuttings and impurities.

[0050] The control system of the processing equipment, the pneumatic system 6, the pressure sensor 8, the first electromagnetic valve 505, the second electromagnetic valve, the pressure detection element, the micro-vibration component and the connection mode thereof in the application are all prior art and will not be described in detail.

[0051] Through the mutual communication of the air vent 504, the first cavity 502, the second cavity 503 and the like, controlled by the first electromagnetic valve 505 and the second electromagnetic valve and the like, after the clamping piece 3 is away from the shell by a certain distance, the jet hole 301 and the exhaust hole 304 can spray high-pressure gas to the side of the shell 4, thereby cleaning the side of the shell 4, avoiding the time-consuming and laborious manual cleaning and the physical damage to the workers, reducing the cleaning steps, and directly performing fine machining after removal, avoiding the slight error caused by the cleaning failure in the fine machining stage when the clamp is clamped, improving the efficiency and reducing the probability of defective products.

[0052] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the application, but the protection scope of the application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical solution and the inventive concept of the application within the technical range disclosed by the application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A built-in expansion and anti-deformation positioning device for processing thin-walled reducer housings, comprising a base (1), characterized in that: An expansion support body (2) is provided on the base (1), clamping members (3) are provided on both sides of the base (1), and each clamping member (3) is provided with an air jet hole (301). A shell (4) is provided on the base (1), and the expansion support body (2) is located inside the shell (4). When the two clamping members (3) approach the shell (4) and clamp the shell (4), the expansion support body (2) expands to support the shell (4). When the two clamping members (3) move away from the shell (4), the air jet hole (301) sprays air toward the clamping portion of the shell (4) to remove chips.

2. A built-in expansion anti-deformation positioning device for processing thin-walled reducer housing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two cylinders (5) corresponding to the clamping members (3) are provided on the base (1), and pistons (501) are provided in the cylinders (5).

3. The built-in expansion anti-deformation positioning device for processing thin-walled reducer housing according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each piston (501) divides the corresponding cylinder (5) into a first chamber (502) and a second chamber (503). A vent hole (504) is provided on the piston (501), and the vent hole (504) is connected to the first chamber (502). One end of the piston (501) away from the first chamber (502) extends out of the cylinder (5) and is fixedly connected to the corresponding clamping member (3).

4. The built-in expansion anti-deformation positioning device for processing thin-walled reducer housing according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each of the clamping members (3) is provided with a communication groove (302) in communication with the corresponding vent hole (504), and each of the communication grooves (302) is in communication with the corresponding air injection hole (301).

5. The built-in expansion and anti-deformation positioning device for processing thin-walled reducer housing according to claim 4, characterized in that: A pneumatic system (6) is provided in the base (1), and a connecting cavity (601) is provided at the output end of the pneumatic system (6). The first chambers (502) of the two cylinders (5) are respectively connected to the connecting cavity (601) via connecting pipes (506), and the expansion support body (2) is connected to the connecting cavity (601) via a connecting pipe (201).

6. The built-in expansion and anti-deformation positioning device for processing thin-walled reducer housing according to claim 5, characterized in that: A hard support body (7) is provided on the base (1), the hard support body (7) is in contact with the inner surface of the outer shell (4), and the expansion support body (2) is located inside the hard support body (7).

7. A built-in expansion and anti-deformation positioning device for processing thin-walled reducer housing according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the clamping member (3) clamps the outer shell (4), the expansion support body (2) expands and fits against the inner surface of the hard support body (7), so that the hard support body (7) can provide sufficient support force to the outer shell (4), thereby preventing the outer shell (4) from deforming at the squeezed portion.

8. The built-in expansion and anti-deformation positioning device for processing thin-walled reducer housing according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first solenoid valve (505) is provided in each of the vent holes (504).

9. The built-in expansion and anti-deformation positioning device for processing thin-walled reducer housing according to claim 8, characterized in that: A pressure sensor (8) is provided at one end of each clamping member (3) close to the housing (4), and the first solenoid valve (505), the pressure sensor (8) and the pneumatic system (6) are all electrically connected to the control system of the processing equipment.

10. A built-in expansion and anti-deformation positioning device for processing thin-walled reducer housing according to claim 9, characterized in that: An elastic pad (303) is provided on the inner end surface of each clamping member (3), and an exhaust hole (304) corresponding to the corresponding clamping member (3) is provided on the elastic pad (303).

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