Spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of raw gas

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gas separation, in particular to a spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of raw gas, an overflow plate is mounted at the lower end of an arc-shaped flow guide plate in a lifting manner, an overflow groove is formed in the overflow plate, and a partition plate extending to the upper end of the arc-shaped flow guide plate is arranged at the end of a gas inlet pipe; the device has the beneficial effects that through the cooperation of the arc-shaped flow guide plate, the overflow plate and the partition plate, precipitation of impurities and overflow drainage of clear liquid at the upper end are achieved while liquid seal is formed, coal gas is prevented from leaking downwards, a drainage pipeline is prevented from being blocked, and the device is simple in structure, convenient to use and high in practicability. Meanwhile, the double-layer filtering layer and the atomizing assembly are arranged to realize stage treatment on impurities in the airflow, so that blockage of an air groove in the filtering layer is avoided, the vertical circulation stability of the separation tower is improved, and the separation efficiency is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal gas separation, in particular to a spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of raw coal gas. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of raw coal gas separation, the atomization spray method is usually used for cleaning. The raw coal gas is delivered to the bottom of the spray tower, and then the upwelling raw coal gas is washed by the descending atomization spray, so that the impurities in the gas flow are gathered and precipitate under the action of gravity, achieving the purpose of gas-solid separation.

[0003] The existing patent CN112442395A is a water-coal slurry gasification raw coal gas washing tower, which is composed of a tower body, a cyclone plate demister, a tower tray, a Venturi scrubber, a distributor, a gas guide pipe and other parts. The raw coal gas enters the built-in Venturi scrubber through the gas guide pipe, and the raw coal gas contacts the spray water in the Venturi scrubber at the Venturi throat. The solid particles in the raw coal gas are humidified and increased in weight, then enter the distributor, and the solid-gas separation is carried out in the distributor. The raw coal gas continues to rise through the tower tray and is washed again by the washing water in the tower tray. After colliding with the cyclone plate demister, the humidified fine ash and moisture are removed, and the clean water-coal gas flows out from the top of the washing tower and enters the subsequent process. It is particularly suitable for the preliminary washing and purification process of the water-coal slurry gasification raw coal gas produced by the gas flow bed.

[0004] However, in the actual spraying process of raw coal gas, in order to increase the contact area with the atomization spray, a complex or small channel is arranged inside the spray tower to increase the path of the gas flow rising and improve the atomization efficiency. However, the falling impurities and the upwelling gas flow are transported through the same channel, which affects the flow efficiency and may cause blockage of the channel. The falling impurities mixed with the atomization spray water may cause water accumulation at the lower end, and the water flow contains many impurities, which is not conducive to discharge. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of raw coal gas to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: A spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of raw coal gas, the spray tower comprising an air inlet base and a separation tower, the air inlet base being located at the lower end of the separation tower, one side of the air inlet base being provided with an air inlet pipe connected with an air pump, the upper end of the separation tower being provided with an air outlet pipe, an arc-shaped flow guide plate being arranged in the inner cavity of the air inlet base opposite to the air inlet pipe, a overflow plate being installed at the lower end of the arc-shaped flow guide plate, the overflow plate being provided with an overflow groove, the end of the air inlet pipe being provided with a partition plate extending to the upper end of the arc-shaped flow guide plate, the lower end of the partition plate extending to the lower end of the overflow groove, and a removable impurity removal pipe being arranged at the lower end of the air inlet base. The first filter layer and the second filter layer are vertically spaced apart in the separation tower, and the first filter layer and the second filter layer are respectively provided with vertical coarse gas grooves and fine gas grooves, the inner diameter of the coarse gas grooves is larger than the inner diameter of the fine gas grooves, an intermediate frame is arranged between the first filter layer and the second filter layer, the intermediate frame is provided with an atomizing nozzle ball, a silk screen layer is arranged at the upper end of the second filter layer, and an atomizing spray disc is arranged between the silk screen layer and the second filter layer.

[0007] Preferably, the lower end of the separation tower is provided with an atomizing guide pipe, one end of the atomizing guide pipe extends to the outside of the separation tower and is connected with an atomizing device, and the other end of the atomizing guide pipe penetrates the first filter layer and is connected with the atomizing nozzle ball.

[0008] Preferably, a flow distribution plate is arranged in the inner cavity of the lower end of the separation tower, the lower end of the flow distribution plate is opposite to the arc-shaped flow guide plate, a gas guide groove is arranged on the upper inclined surface of the flow distribution plate and is opposite to the lower end port of the coarse gas groove, one side of the overflow plate is provided with a stepped platform, and the end of the arc-shaped flow guide plate is pressed on the end face of the stepped platform.

[0009] Preferably, an inner cavity of the air inlet base is provided with an extension rod at the upper end, the lower end of the extension rod is connected with a guide ring sleeved on the air inlet pipe, the lower end of the guide ring is located at the lower end of the air inlet pipe, and a lifting plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the guide ring, one side of the overflow plate is laterally and elastically mounted on the lifting plate, the lower end of the overflow plate is provided with a rotationally mounted rotating roller, the inner wall of the lower end of the air inlet base is provided with a tapered block, and the lower end of the rotating roller is opposite to the inclined surface of the tapered block.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of groups of through holes are vertically and penetratingly arranged on the side of the lifting plate opposite to the overflow plate, a side frame is arranged at the middle of the other side of the lifting plate, springs are arranged in the side frame, plug rods are arranged on the overflow plate and penetratingly and slidingly inserted into the through holes, the plug rods at the middle position penetrate the through holes and extend into the side frame, the end portions of the plug rods are pressed on one end of the springs, and the lower end arc surface of the rotating roller extends to the lower end of the overflow plate.

[0011] Preferably, the atomizing nozzle ball is rotationally mounted in the inner cavity of the intermediate frame through a bearing, the upper end port of the coarse gas groove is connected with the inner cavity of the intermediate frame, the upper end of the atomizing nozzle ball is connected with the atomizing spray disc through a gas guide pipe penetrating the second filter layer, and the lower end of the atomizing spray disc is provided with a plurality of groups of nozzles located directly above the fine gas grooves.

[0012] Preferably, the upper end outer wall of the gas guide pipe is provided with a wing ring, the lower end of the atomizing spray disc is provided with a sleeve sleeved on the outer side of the wing ring, the sleeve and the wing ring are fixedly connected through a plurality of locking bolts, and the upper end face of the wing ring is provided with a sealing ring pressed on the inner wall at the upper end of the inner cavity of the sleeve.

[0013] Preferably, the second filter layer is vertically provided with a backflow groove parallel to the fine air groove, the backflow groove is provided with a one-way flow guide assembly, the upper end of the middle frame is provided with a shunt flow channel, the shunt flow channel comprises a lower hole, an upper hole and a square inclined hole, the upper end of the upper hole is communicated with the lower end port of the fine air groove, the upper end of the square inclined hole is communicated with the lower end port of the backflow groove, the lower end of the lower hole is communicated with the inner cavity of the middle frame, the upper end of the lower hole is vertically communicated with the upper hole, and the upper end of the lower hole is obliquely communicated with the square inclined hole on one side.

[0014] Preferably, the one-way flow guide assembly comprises a one-way flow limiting plate and a cover plate, the one-way flow limiting plate and the cover plate are sealed and covered, the one-way flow limiting plate is provided with a flow limiting groove, the flow limiting groove is provided as a Tesla one-way valve structure, and the upper end of the one-way flow guide assembly extends obliquely to one side of the upper end port of the fine air groove.

[0015] Preferably, the upper end of the atomizing spray disc is vertically provided with a shaft coupling, the upper end of the separation tower is provided with a bracket, the wire mesh layer is rotatably arranged on the bracket, the middle of the wire mesh layer is provided with an I-shaped ring, the I-shaped ring is fixed on the shaft coupling, and the shaft coupling is connected with a motor at the upper end of the separation tower.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: The present application forms a liquid seal while realizing the precipitation of impurities and the overflow drainage of the upper end clear liquid by the cooperation of the arc-shaped flow guide plate, the overflow plate and the partition plate, avoids the downward leakage of coal gas, prevents the blockage of the drainage pipeline, realizes the staged treatment of impurities in the airflow by the double-layer filter layer and the atomizing assembly, thereby avoiding the blockage of the air groove in the filter layer, improves the stability of the up-down flow in the separation tower, and ensures the separation efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the present application; Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the installation of the atomizing nozzle ball in the middle frame of the present application; Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the connection of the middle frame and the atomizing spray disc of the present application; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the connection of the lifting plate and the guide ring of the present application; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the atomizing nozzle ball of the present application; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the overflow plate of the present application; Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the one-way flow guide assembly of the present application; Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic view of the one-way flow limiting plate of the present application; Figure 9The figure is a schematic diagram of the elastic mounting three-dimensional structure of the lifting plate and the overflow plate of the application. Figure 10 The figure is a schematic diagram of the elastic mounting three-dimensional structure of the lifting plate and the overflow plate of the application. Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the elastic mounting three-dimensional structure of the lifting plate and the overflow plate of the application.

[0018] Figure: 1, air inlet base; 2, separation tower; 3, air inlet pipe; 4, exhaust pipe; 5, motor; 6, impurity removal pipe; 7, arc-shaped flow guide plate; 8, conical block; 9, telescopic rod; 10, first filter layer; 11, second filter layer; 12, wire mesh layer; 13, one-way flow guide assembly; 14, backflow groove; 15, fine gas groove; 16, intermediate frame; 17, coarse gas groove; 18, atomization guide pipe; 19, atomization nozzle ball; 20, bearing; 21, shunt flow channel; 22, atomization spray disc; 23, shunt plate; 24, air guide groove; 25, lifting plate; 26, partition plate; 27, overflow plate; 28, air guide pipe; 29, wing ring; 30, coupling; 31, sleeve; 32, locking bolt; 33, guide ring; 34, side frame; 35, spring; 36, through hole; 37, rotating roller; 38, overflow groove; 39, insertion rod; 40, stepped platform; 131, cover plate; 132, one-way flow limiting plate; 133, flow limiting groove; 211, lower hole; 212, upper hole; 213, square inclined hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1 to 10 The application provides a technical solution: Embodiment 1: A spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of crude coal gas, the spray tower comprising an air inlet base 1 and a separation tower 2, the air inlet base 1 being located at the lower end of the separation tower 2, one side of the air inlet base 1 being provided with an air inlet pipe 3 connected with an air pump, and the inner cavity of the air inlet base 1 being provided with an arc-shaped flow guide plate 7 opposite to the air inlet pipe 3, the lower end of a shunt plate 23 being provided in the inner cavity of the lower end of the separation tower 2, the lower end of the shunt plate 23 being opposite to the arc-shaped flow guide plate 7, and the upper end inclined surface of the shunt plate 23 being provided with an air guide groove 24 opposite to the lower end port of the coarse gas groove 17.

[0021] The arc-shaped flow guide plate 7 is arranged to buffer and guide the transverse flow of the gas flow, the shunt plate 23 is arranged to limit the flow direction of the crude coal gas flow, and the air guide groove 24 is arranged to make the crude coal gas flow impact the lower end port of the coarse gas groove 17 of the first filter layer 10, so as to realize accurate guidance of the gas flow.

[0022] The lower end of the arc-shaped guide plate 7 is provided with an overflow plate 27, and the overflow plate 27 is provided with an overflow groove 38. The end of the air inlet pipe 3 is provided with a partition plate 26 extending to the upper end of the arc-shaped guide plate 7, and the lower end of the partition plate 26 extends to the lower end of the overflow groove 38.

[0023] Through the cooperation of the overflow plate 27 and the arc-shaped guide plate 7, a storage cavity for storing spray water is formed. As the spray water and impurities fall, the water level rises to the upper end of the partition plate 26, forming a liquid seal for the inner cavity of the upper end of the arc-shaped guide plate 7, avoiding downward leakage of the entering raw gas, and at the same time, due to the partition of the partition plate 26, a U-shaped tube structure is formed on both sides of the partition plate 26. As the raw gas enters, the internal pressure on one side of the partition plate 26 increases, and under the action of the internal pressure, the water level on the other side rises, causing the spray water to overflow to one side of the overflow groove 38, while the impurities are deposited in the storage cavity.

[0024] The lower end of the air inlet base 1 is provided with a detachable impurity removal pipe 6. In the normal separation process, the impurity removal pipe 6 is used to discharge the spray clean liquid discharged along the overflow groove 38, and as the impurities accumulate, the impurities in the storage cavity increase. At this time, the impurity removal pipe 6 is detached, the overflow plate 27 is lowered to separate the overflow plate 27 from the arc-shaped guide plate 7, so that the sediment falls and is concentrated for cleaning.

[0025] The separation tower 2 is provided with a first filter layer 10 and a second filter layer 11 spaced apart vertically. The first filter layer 10 and the second filter layer 11 are respectively provided with a coarse gas groove 17 and a fine gas groove 15 vertically penetrating upward and downward. The inner diameter of the coarse gas groove 17 is larger than that of the fine gas groove 15. An intermediate frame 16 is arranged between the first filter layer 10 and the second filter layer 11. The intermediate frame 16 is provided with an atomizing nozzle ball 19. The upper end of the second filter layer 11 is provided with a wire mesh layer 12. The wire mesh layer 12 and the second filter layer 11 are provided with an atomizing spray disc 22. The upper end of the separation tower 2 is provided with an exhaust pipe 4.

[0026] Through the atomizing nozzle ball 19 and the coarse gas groove 17, the upwelling raw gas is subjected to primary atomizing spray. The larger particle impurities in the separated gas flow can fall along the coarse gas groove 17 to the storage cavity. The gas flow after primary spray enters the fine gas groove 15 upward. Due to the small inner diameter of the fine gas groove 15, secondary spray separation is realized by cooperating with the atomizing spray disc 22. The sprayed gas flow continues to rise, absorbs the water vapor in the gas flow through the wire mesh layer 12, and discharges the separated pure coal gas through the exhaust pipe 4.

[0027] In the embodiment 2, the lower end of the separation tower 2 is provided with an atomizing pipe 18, one end of the atomizing pipe 18 extends to the outside of the separation tower 2 and is connected with an atomizing device, the other end of the atomizing pipe 18 penetrates through the first filter layer 10 and is connected with an atomizing nozzle ball 19, one side of the overflow plate 27 is provided with a stepped platform 40, and the end of the arc-shaped guide plate 7 is pressed on the end surface of the stepped platform 40.

[0028] The atomizing pipe 18 is arranged to introduce the atomizing gas flow into the separation tower 2, and the stepped platform 40 is arranged to increase the sealing surface and ensure the sealing between the overflow plate 27 and the arc-shaped guide plate 7.

[0029] A plurality of groups of through holes 36 are arranged on the side of the lifting plate 25 opposite to the overflow plate 27, a side frame 34 is arranged on the other side of the lifting plate 25, a spring 35 is arranged in the side frame 34, an insertion rod 39 is arranged on the overflow plate 27 and penetrates and slides through the through holes 36, the insertion rod 39 at the middle position penetrates through the through holes 36 and extends into the side frame 34, the end of the insertion rod 39 is pressed on one end of the spring 35, and the lower end of the rotating roller 37 extends to the lower end of the overflow plate 27.

[0030] The insertion rod 39 and the through holes 36 are arranged to realize the sliding insertion between the overflow plate 27 and the lifting plate 25, and the spring 35 is arranged to realize the elastic connection, so that the overflow plate 27 is pressed on the arc-shaped guide plate 7 under the action of the elasticity.

[0031] The inner cavity of the air inlet base 1 is provided with an extension rod 9 at the upper end, the lower end of the extension rod 9 is connected with a guide ring 33 which is sleeved on the air inlet pipe 3, the lower end of the guide ring 33 is located at the lower end of the air inlet pipe 3 and is fixedly connected with the lifting plate 25, one side of the overflow plate 27 is elastically mounted on the lifting plate 25, the lower end of the overflow plate 27 is provided with a rotatingly mounted rotating roller 37, the lower end of the rotating roller 37 is opposite to the inclined surface of the tapered block 8.

[0032] Under the drive of the extension rod 9, the guide ring 33 is lowered, and the lifting plate 25 is driven to descend synchronously, at this time, since the vertical gap is left between the tapered block 8 and the rotating roller 37, the overflow plate 27 is first kept to descend vertically, with the vertical descent of the overflow plate 27, the height of the overflow groove 28 is lowered, so as to further discharge the spraying water and reduce the water level in the receiving cavity, then the rotating roller 37 is pressed on the inclined surface of the tapered block 8, and is pressed to descend, so that the overflow plate 27 slides to the side of the lifting plate 25 and descends, at this time, the spring 35 is compressed, with the lateral sliding of the overflow plate 27, the overflow plate 27 is separated from the end of the arc-shaped guide plate 7 and leaks out of the gap, and the precipitated impurities fall along the gap, which is convenient for centralized cleaning.

[0033] In the embodiment 3, the atomizing nozzle ball 19 is rotatably installed in the inner cavity of the middle frame 16 through the bearing 20, the upper end port of the coarse gas groove 17 is communicated with the inner cavity of the middle frame 16, the upper end of the atomizing nozzle ball 19 is communicated with the atomizing spray disc 22 through the air guide pipe 28 penetrating the second filter layer 11, the lower end of the atomizing spray disc 22 is provided with a plurality of groups of nozzles located directly above the fine gas groove 15, the upper end of the atomizing spray disc 22 is vertically provided with the coupling shaft 30, the upper end of the separation tower 2 is provided with a bracket, the wire mesh layer 12 is rotatably placed on the bracket, the middle of the wire mesh layer 12 is provided with an I-shaped ring, the I-shaped ring is fixed on the coupling shaft 30, the coupling shaft 30 is connected with the motor 5 at the upper end of the separation tower 2, the outer wall of the upper end of the air guide pipe 28 is provided with the wing ring 29, the lower end of the atomizing spray disc 22 is provided with the sleeve 31 sleeved outside the wing ring 29, the sleeve 31 and the wing ring 29 are fixedly connected through a plurality of groups of locking bolts 32, and the upper end surface of the wing ring 29 is provided with the sealing ring tightly fitted with the inner wall at the upper end of the inner cavity of the sleeve 31.

[0034] The lower end of the atomizing nozzle ball 19 is rotatably communicated with the atomizing guide pipe 18 through the bearing 20, the atomizing spray disc 22 and the air guide pipe 28 are sealingly and fixedly connected through the wing ring 29 and the sleeve 31, the coupling shaft 30 is driven to rotate by the motor 5, thereby driving the atomizing nozzle ball 19, the atomizing spray disc 22 and the wire mesh layer 12 to synchronously rotate, so that the atomizing nozzle ball 19 and the atomizing spray disc 22 increase the speed of the atomized gas flow impacting the coarse coal gas flow during rotation, thereby improving the atomizing spray efficiency, and the rotation of the wire mesh layer 12 enables the adhered water droplets to be quickly separated and fall under the action of the rotating centrifugal force.

[0035] In the embodiment 4, the second filter layer 11 is vertically provided with the reflux groove 14 parallel to the fine gas groove 15, the one-way flow guide assembly 13 is installed in the reflux groove 14, the upper end of the middle frame 16 is provided with the shunt flow channel 21, the shunt flow channel 21 includes the lower hole 211, the upper hole 212 and the square inclined hole 213, the upper end of the upper hole 212 is communicated with the lower end port of the fine gas groove 15, the upper end of the square inclined hole 213 is communicated with the lower end port of the reflux groove 14, the lower end of the lower hole 211 is communicated with the inner cavity of the middle frame 16, the upper end of the lower hole 211 is vertically communicated with the upper hole 212, and the upper end of the lower hole 211 is obliquely communicated with the square inclined hole 213 on one side; the one-way flow guide assembly 13 includes the one-way flow limiting plate 132 and the cover plate 131, the one-way flow limiting plate 132 and the cover plate 131 are sealingly and hingedly connected, the one-way flow limiting plate 132 is provided with the flow limiting groove 133, the flow limiting groove 133 is provided with a Tesla one-way valve structure, and the upper end of the one-way flow guide assembly 13 is obliquely extended to one side of the upper end port of the fine gas groove 15.

[0036] After the gas flow is initially atomized and sprayed by the atomizing nozzle ball 19 in the inner cavity of the intermediate frame 16, the gas flow enters the fine gas groove 15 along the lower hole 211 and the upper hole 212 upward. Since the square inclined hole 213 is inclinedly communicated with the lower hole 211, the gas flow is difficult to flow upward along the flow channel. By arranging the flow limiting groove 133 with the Tesla one-way valve structure, the upward flow of the gas flow along the flow channel is further limited. Meanwhile, the water flow mixed with fine impurities after being atomized and sprayed by the atomizing and spraying disc 22 can flow downward along the flow limiting groove 133. In this way, the separation of the liquid and the gas can be realized, the mutual interference of the upward and downward flows can be avoided, and the sustainability and efficiency of the separation can be ensured.

[0037] The Tesla one-way valve structure of the flow limiting groove 133 is a structure known in the art and will not be described in detail.

[0038] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of crude coal gas, the spray tower comprising an air intake base (1) and a separation tower (2), the air intake base (1) being located at the lower end of the separation tower (2), an air intake pipe (3) for an external air pump being provided on one side of the air intake base (1), and an exhaust pipe (4) being provided at the upper end of the separation tower (2), characterized in that: An arc-shaped guide plate (7) facing the air inlet pipe (3) is provided in the inner cavity of the air inlet base (1); an overflow plate (27) is installed on the lower end of the arc-shaped guide plate (7) in a lifting manner; an overflow groove (38) is provided on the overflow plate (27); a partition plate (26) extending to the upper end of the arc-shaped guide plate (7) is provided at the end of the air inlet pipe (3); the lower end of the partition plate (26) extends to the lower end of the overflow groove (38); and a detachable impurity removal pipe (6) is provided at the lower end of the air inlet base (1); The separation tower (2) is provided with a first filter layer (10) and a second filter layer (11) spaced apart from each other in an upper and lower direction. The first filter layer (10) and the second filter layer (11) are respectively provided with a coarse gas groove (17) and a fine gas groove (15) vertically penetrating from top to bottom. The inner diameter of the coarse gas groove (17) is larger than the inner diameter of the fine gas groove (15). An intermediate frame (16) is provided between the first filter layer (10) and the second filter layer (11). An atomizing nozzle ball (19) is provided in the intermediate frame (16). A wire mesh layer (12) is spaced apart at the upper end of the second filter layer (11). An atomizing spray disk (22) is provided between the wire mesh layer (12) and the second filter layer (11).

2. The spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of crude coal gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: An atomizing conduit (18) is provided at the lower end of the separation tower (2), one end of the atomizing conduit (18) extends outward from the separation tower (2) and is connected to the atomizing device, and the other end of the atomizing conduit (18) passes through the first filter layer (10) and is connected to the atomizing nozzle ball (19).

3. The spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of crude coal gas according to claim 2, characterized in that: A diverter plate (23) is provided in the inner cavity at the lower end of the separation tower (2), the lower end of the diverter plate (23) is directly opposite to the arc-shaped guide plate (7), and an air guide groove (24) is provided on the upper inclined surface of the diverter plate (23) and is directly opposite to the lower end port of the coarse gas groove (17). A stepped platform (40) is provided on one side of the overflow plate (27), and the end portion of the arc-shaped guide plate (7) is pressed onto the end surface of the stepped platform (40).

4. The spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of crude coal gas according to claim 3, characterized in that: A telescopic rod (9) is provided at the upper end of the inner cavity of the air intake base (1), and the lower end of the telescopic rod (9) is connected to a guide ring (33) sleeved on the air intake pipe (3). The lower end of the guide ring (33) is located at the lower end of the air intake pipe (3) and is fixedly connected to a lifting plate (25). One side of the overflow plate (27) is elastically mounted on the lifting plate (25). The lower end of the overflow plate (27) is provided with a rotatably mounted roller (37). A conical block (8) is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the air intake base (1), and the lower end of the roller (37) faces the inclined surface of the conical block (8).

5. The spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of crude coal gas according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of through holes (36) are provided on one side of the lifting plate (25) facing the overflow plate (27), a side frame (34) is provided in the middle of the other side of the lifting plate (25), a spring (35) is provided in the side frame (34), and an insertion rod (39) is provided on the overflow plate (27) and is slidably inserted through the through hole (36). The insertion rod (39) in the middle position passes through the through hole (36) and extends into the side frame (34), and the end of the insertion rod (39) is pressed against one end of the spring (35), and the arc surface of the lower end of the roller (37) extends to the lower end of the overflow plate (27).

6. The spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of crude coal gas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The atomizing nozzle ball (19) is rotatably mounted in the inner cavity of the middle frame (16) via a bearing (20); the upper end port of the coarse air groove (17) is connected to the inner cavity of the middle frame (16); the upper end of the atomizing nozzle ball (19) is connected to the atomizing spray disc (22) via an air guide pipe (28) penetrating the second filter layer (11); and the lower end of the atomizing spray disc (22) is provided with a plurality of nozzles located directly above the fine air groove (15).

7. The spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of crude coal gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer wall of the upper end of the air guide tube (28) is provided with a wing ring (29), and the lower end of the atomizing spray disc (22) is provided with a sleeve (31) sleeved on the outside of the wing ring (29). The sleeve (31) and the wing ring (29) are fixedly connected by multiple sets of locking bolts (32), and the upper end surface of the wing ring (29) is provided with a sealing ring pressed against the inner wall of the upper end of the inner cavity of the sleeve (31).

8. The spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of crude coal gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: A reflow groove (14) is vertically provided in the second filter layer (11) and is arranged parallel to the fine air groove (15). A one-way flow guide assembly (13) is installed in the reflow groove (14). A diversion channel (21) is provided at the upper end of the middle frame (16). The diversion channel (21) includes a lower hole (211), an upper hole (212) and a square inclined hole (213). The upper end of the upper hole (212) is connected to the lower end port of the fine air groove (15), the upper end of the square inclined hole (213) is connected to the lower end port of the reflow groove (14), the lower end of the lower hole (211) is connected to the inner cavity of the middle frame (16), and the upper end of the lower hole (211) is vertically connected to the upper hole (212). One side of the upper end of the lower hole (211) is inclined to connect to the square inclined hole (213).

9. The spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of crude coal gas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The one-way flow guide assembly (13) comprises a one-way flow limiting plate (132) and a cover plate (131), wherein the one-way flow limiting plate (132) and the cover plate (131) are sealed together, a flow limiting groove (133) is provided in the one-way flow limiting plate (132), and the flow limiting groove (133) is provided as a Tesla one-way valve structure. The upper end of the one-way flow guide assembly (13) extends obliquely toward the upper end port of the fine gas groove (15).

10. The spray tower for multi-stage atomization separation of crude coal gas according to claim 6, characterized in that: A coupling (30) is vertically provided at the upper end of the atomizing spray disc (22), a bracket is provided at the upper end of the separation tower (2), the wire mesh layer (12) is rotatably placed on the bracket, an I-shaped ring is provided in the middle of the wire mesh layer (12), the I-shaped ring is fixed on the coupling (30), and the coupling (30) is connected to the motor (5) at the upper end of the separation tower (2).

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