Single-hole bidirectional super-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a ventilation device and method for construction of a single-hole two-way super-long highway tunnel, and relates to the technical field of highway tunnel construction equipment. The ventilation device comprises a mounting plate arranged at the top of the tunnel, and an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe which are arranged on the mounting plate; the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are used for communicating external air with the interior of the tunnel; a ventilation mechanism is arranged on the air inlet pipe; the ventilation mechanism comprises a first motor, a fan, an air gathering ring and an adjusting mechanism. According to the tunnel ventilation device, the ventilation mechanism is arranged, air is firstly accumulated in the air gathering cavity, the flow speed of the air guided out of the air outlet can be increased, and therefore the air circulation speed in a tunnel is effectively increased; meanwhile, due to the annular structural design of the air gathering ring, when the air guided out of the air outlet penetrates through the air gathering ring, original air in the tunnel is driven to flow together, the flowing speed of the air in the tunnel is further increased, and the more efficient ventilation effect is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of highway tunnel construction equipment, in particular to a single-hole bidirectional super-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the process of tunnel construction, a large amount of smoke will be generated due to the use of blasting method for excavation; most of the slag discharge and feeding are internal combustion machinery, which generates a large amount of harmful gas; the length of the tunnel is large, and the smoke dust is difficult to discharge, etc. Therefore, strong ventilation and dust prevention measures must be taken; however, the existing tunnel construction ventilation device still has the following defects in the process of use:

[0003] For example, the patent with publication number CN119435081A discloses a ventilation device and method for deep-buried super-long tunnel construction. It includes a first ventilation square tube arranged vertically, which passes through the top of the tunnel and communicates with the outside of the tunnel. A forward and reverse fan is installed at one end of the first ventilation square tube close to the outside of the tunnel. A conical dust outlet is provided at the end of the first ventilation square tube away from the forward and reverse fan, and a dust collection container is installed on the conical dust outlet. The present application realizes filtration and dust removal circulation, solves the problem of frequent maintenance and replacement of the filter screen while ventilating and exhausting the tunnel, and realizes efficient dust removal while ensuring fresh air during ventilation. The present application can reduce the probability of filter screen plate blockage.

[0004] The ventilation effect of the above-mentioned ventilation device has obvious defects, especially in the application scene of super-long tunnel. In order to meet the ventilation demand, a large number of ventilation devices are often needed, which not only leads to a substantial increase in equipment procurement cost, but also increases the operation and maintenance cost in the later period, making the overall cost output high.

[0005] In addition, the natural ventilation characteristics of the plateau super-long tunnel shaft are not clear, and the natural wind of the shaft cannot be effectively used to assist the mechanical ventilation of the tunnel, which makes it difficult to achieve the ideal state of the overall ventilation effect and efficiency of the tunnel. SUMMARY

[0006] In order to overcome the above technical problems, the purpose of the present application is to provide a single-hole bidirectional super-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device and method to solve the problem of poor ventilation effect of the existing tunnel ventilation device in the background art.

[0007] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0008] A single-hole bidirectional ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device and method, comprising a mounting plate arranged at the top of the tunnel, and an air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe arranged on the mounting plate; the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe are both used to guide the outside air and the inside of the tunnel; the air inlet pipe is provided with a ventilation mechanism; the ventilation mechanism comprises a first motor, a fan, a wind gathering ring and an adjusting mechanism; wherein the first motor is installed in the air inlet pipe; the fan is coaxially connected with the output end of the first motor, and the fan is arranged in the air inlet pipe; the wind gathering ring is arranged in the tunnel, and the wind gathering ring is fixedly arranged on the air inlet pipe; the wind gathering ring comprises a wind gathering cavity arranged in the wind gathering ring and an air outlet opening arranged on the wind gathering ring; the air in the air inlet pipe can be guided out of the air outlet opening through the wind gathering cavity; the adjusting mechanism is arranged on the mounting plate and is used to control the axial direction of the wind gathering ring to be parallel to the length direction of the tunnel or control the alignment of the wind gathering ring and the air outlet pipe, and correspondingly, to drive the airflow to flow along the tunnel or be guided out through the air outlet pipe.

[0009] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism comprises a mounting frame, a rotating shaft, a first corrugated hose, a wind deflector and a driving mechanism; the mounting frame is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate, the first corrugated hose is arranged between the air inlet pipe and the wind gathering ring, the wind gathering ring is rotatably connected to the mounting frame through the rotating shaft; the wind deflector is fixedly arranged on the end of the air outlet pipe; the driving mechanism is arranged on the mounting frame and is used to drive the airflow outlet end of the wind gathering ring to align with the wind deflector.

[0010] Preferably, the wind deflector is provided with a rubber ring, when the wind gathering ring aligns with the wind deflector, the rubber ring is used to block the gap between the wind gathering ring and the wind deflector, so that the airflow can only be guided into the air outlet pipe through the wind deflector.

[0011] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a second motor, a worm gear and a worm; the second motor is installed on the mounting frame, the worm gear is connected to the output end of the second motor, the worm is coaxially fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, and the worm gear is engaged with the worm.

[0012] Preferably, the ventilation mechanism further comprises a filtering mechanism arranged in the air outlet pipe, and is used to filter the exhaust gas guided out of the tunnel.

[0013] Preferably, the filtering mechanism comprises a sleeve and a filter cylinder; the sleeve is fixedly arranged in the air outlet pipe, and the filter cylinder is arranged in the sleeve; the air in the tunnel enters the air outlet pipe, passes through the gap between the air outlet pipe and the sleeve, enters the gap between the sleeve and the filter cylinder, and is then guided out after being filtered by the filter cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, the filtering mechanism further comprises a linkage mechanism, a rotating sleeve coaxially rotatably connected in the air outlet pipe, and a top plate arranged above the filter cylinder; the linkage mechanism is used to drive the filter cylinder to rotate through the rotating sleeve, so as to control the way in which the air in the tunnel passes through the filter cylinder and is guided out;

[0015] The rotating sleeve is provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; the bottom of the sleeve is provided with a third through hole and a fourth through hole; the first through hole is matched with the third through hole, and the second through hole is matched with the fourth through hole; the filter cartridge is coaxially connected with the rotating sleeve through a first connecting shaft, the bottom of the filter cartridge is communicated with the third through hole, and the top of the filter cartridge is provided with a fifth through hole and a sixth through hole; the top plate is provided with a seventh through hole and an eighth through hole, the fifth through hole is matched with the seventh through hole, and the sixth through hole is matched with the sleeve; when the rotating sleeve is controlled to rotate, two modes of air passing through the filter cartridge can be formed; when the second through hole is aligned with the fourth through hole, the fifth through hole is aligned with the seventh through hole, the first through hole is misaligned with the third through hole, and the sixth through hole is misaligned with the eighth through hole, that is, after the air enters the air outlet pipe, passes through the second through hole and the fourth through hole, enters the gap between the sleeve and the air outlet pipe, and then enters the gap between the sleeve and the filter cartridge, the air is filtered after passing through the filter cartridge in a forward direction, and then is guided out through the fifth through hole and the seventh through hole, forming a filtering and guiding mode; when the second through hole is misaligned with the fourth through hole, the fifth through hole is misaligned with the seventh through hole, the first through hole is aligned with the third through hole, and the sixth through hole is aligned with the eighth through hole, that is, after the air enters the air outlet pipe, passes through the first through hole and the third through hole, and enters the filter cartridge, the air is guided out through the sixth through hole and the eighth through hole after impacting the inner wall of the filter cartridge in a reverse direction, forming a reverse flushing guiding mode.

[0016] Preferably, the linkage mechanism comprises a guide reset mechanism, a limiting rod and a sliding block; the guide reset mechanism is arranged in the air outlet pipe, the limiting rod is arranged in the guide reset mechanism, and the sliding block is arranged in the limiting rod; the rotating sleeve is provided with a sliding groove matched with the sliding block; when the driving wind gathering ring is in contact with the wind deflector, the guide reset mechanism can drive the limiting rod to move, so as to drive the sliding block to slide in the sliding groove, and then drive the rotating sleeve to rotate.

[0017] Preferably, the guide reset mechanism comprises a connecting pipe, a second corrugated hose, a guide sleeve, a second connecting shaft and a spring; the bottom end of the air outlet pipe is connected with the connecting pipe through the second corrugated hose, the limiting rod is fixedly arranged in the connecting pipe, the wind deflector is fixedly arranged in the connecting pipe, the guide sleeve is fixedly arranged in the air outlet pipe through the second connecting shaft, and the guide sleeve is sleeved on the connecting pipe, the spring is sleeved on the second connecting shaft, one end of the spring is in contact with the air outlet pipe, and the other end of the spring is in contact with the connecting pipe; when the spring loses the limitation, the spring can drive the connecting pipe to move along the axis to reset.

[0018] A single-hole bidirectional super-long highway tunnel construction ventilation method adopts the single-hole bidirectional super-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device, and specifically comprises the following steps:

[0019] Step one, internal ventilation: through the first motor drive fan rotation, so that the outside air to the air inlet pipe, and in the air accumulation chamber, and then through the air outlet, so that the air along the air ring wall flow, while driving the tunnel air flow;

[0020] Step two, exhaust removal: when the tunnel air quality deteriorates, by adjusting the mechanism drive air ring rotation, so that the output end of the air ring and the bottom of the air outlet pipe alignment, at this time when the first motor driven fan rotation, so that the air directed out of the air chamber into the air pipe, and then drive the tunnel air into the air pipe, to direct the tunnel exhaust.

[0021] The present application provides a single hole bidirectional super long highway tunnel construction ventilation device. Compared with the prior art has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1, by setting the ventilation mechanism, by first accumulating air in the air chamber, can increase the flow rate of air from the air outlet, thereby effectively improving the air flow speed in the tunnel; at the same time, the annular structure design of the air ring can make the air directed out of the air outlet through the air ring, driving the original air in the tunnel to flow together, further enhancing the flow speed of the air in the tunnel, achieving more efficient ventilation effect;

[0023] 2, by setting the adjusting mechanism, can effectively push the air flow in the air pipe, so as to realize the initiative to drive the tunnel exhaust from the air pipe; this design not only breaks the traditional passive mode of relying on natural ventilation, but also significantly improves the efficiency of exhaust gas, so that the air replacement in the tunnel is more rapid and thorough; the flexible use of the adjusting mechanism can accurately control the air flow speed and direction according to the actual exhaust concentration and ventilation demand in the tunnel, further optimize the ventilation effect, and provide more reliable protection for the air quality in the tunnel;

[0024] 3, by setting the filter mechanism, and cooperating with the corresponding operation mode, two kinds of air flow can be formed: air filtration and air backwash; in the air filtration mode, the exhaust gas is filtered by the filter cartridge during the exhaust process, effectively removing impurities and pollutants, ensuring that the exhaust air meets the environmental protection requirements; in the air backwash mode, the direction of the air flow is changed, forming a reverse washing of the filter cartridge, which can timely remove the dust and debris accumulated on the surface of the filter cartridge, so as to ensure the long-term filtering effect of the filter cartridge, prolong its service life, and ensure the efficient operation of the whole air filtration system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is the overall first perspective three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2is a second perspective view of the overall structure of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 is a main view of the partial structure of the ventilation mechanism of the present application;

[0028] Figure 4 is a partial cutaway perspective view of the ventilation mechanism of the present application;

[0029] Figure 5 is an exploded perspective view of the filtering mechanism of the present application;

[0030] Figure 6 is a partial cutaway perspective view of the air outlet tube of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 is a partial cutaway perspective view of the filtering mechanism of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 is an enlarged structural schematic view of area A in the present application; Figure 7

[0033] Figure 9 is an enlarged structural schematic view of area B in the present application; Figure 7

[0034] Figure 10 is a schematic view of the air filtering and guiding method in a tunnel of the present application;

[0035] Figure 11 is a schematic view of the air backwashing and guiding method in a tunnel of the present application;

[0036] Figure 12 is an exploded perspective view of the filtering mechanism of the present application;

[0037] Figure 13 is a flow chart of the method of the present application.

[0038] ​​In the figure: 1. Mounting plate; 2. Air inlet pipe; 3. Air outlet pipe; 4. Ventilation mechanism; 41. First motor; 42. Fan; 43. Air gathering ring; 431. Air gathering chamber; 432. Air outlet; 44. Adjustment mechanism; 441. Mounting frame; 442. Rotating shaft; 443. First corrugated hose; 444. Air guide cover; 445. Rubber ring; 446. Driving mechanism; 4461. Second motor; 4462. Worm gear; 4463. Worm; 45. Filter mechanism; 451. Rotating sleeve; 4511. First through hole; 4512. Second through hole; 452, sleeve; 4521, third through hole; 4522, fourth through hole; 453, filter cartridge; 4531, fifth through hole; 4532, sixth through hole; 4533, first connecting shaft; 454, top plate; 4541, seventh through hole; 4542, eighth through hole; 455, linkage mechanism; 4551, connecting pipe; 4552, second corrugated hose; 4553, guide sleeve; 4554, second connecting shaft; 4555, spring; 4556, limiting rod; 4557, slider; 4558, slide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1-12 , a single-hole, bidirectional, ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device, such as Figures 1-3 As shown, it includes a mounting plate 1 arranged on the top of the tunnel and an air inlet pipe 2 and an air outlet pipe 3 arranged on the mounting plate 1; the air inlet pipe 2 and the air outlet pipe 3 are both used to conduct external air to the interior of the tunnel; a ventilation mechanism 4 is provided on the air inlet pipe 2; the ventilation mechanism 4 includes: a first motor 41, a fan 42, an air gathering ring 43 and an adjustment mechanism 44; wherein the first motor 41 is installed in the air inlet pipe 2; the fan 42 is coaxially connected to the output end of the first motor 41, and the fan 42 is arranged in the air inlet pipe 2; the air gathering ring 4 3 is arranged in the tunnel, and the air gathering ring 43 is fixed to the air inlet pipe 2; the air gathering ring 43 includes an air gathering cavity 431 arranged in the air gathering ring 43 and an air outlet 432 opened on the air gathering ring 43; the air in the air inlet pipe 2 can be discharged from the air outlet 432 through the air gathering cavity 431; the adjustment mechanism 44 is arranged on the mounting plate 1 and is used to control the axial direction of the air gathering ring 43 to be parallel to the length direction of the tunnel or to control the alignment of the air gathering ring 43 and the air outlet pipe 3, so as to drive the air flow to circulate along the tunnel or be discharged through the air outlet pipe 3.

[0041] It should be noted that first, the fan 42 is driven to rotate by the first motor 41, so that the outside air enters the air accumulation cavity 431 through the air inlet pipe 2, and then is discharged through the air outlet 432. By the way that the air is first accumulated in the air accumulation cavity 431, the flow rate of the air discharged through the air outlet 432 is increased, so that the air is discharged along the inner wall of the air gathering ring 43, thereby driving the air in the tunnel to flow along the length direction of the tunnel, improving the air flow, and through the arrangement of the air gathering ring 43, the outside air flows along the inner wall of the air gathering ring 43, which can drive the air in the tunnel to flow through the air gathering ring 43, greatly increasing the air flow speed;

[0042] Because of the large temperature difference between the top of the tunnel and the inside of the tunnel, the air in the tunnel can be directly discharged to the outside through the air outlet pipe 3 due to the pressure difference. When there is too much waste gas in the tunnel, the air gathering ring 43 can be driven to rotate by the adjusting mechanism 44, so that the discharge end of the air gathering ring 43 is aligned with the bottom end of the air outlet pipe 3. At this time, when the first motor 41 is started to drive the fan 42 to rotate, it can drive the outside air to be discharged from the air outlet 432, forming a rapid air flow into the air outlet pipe 3. The flow of this air flow can drive the waste gas in the tunnel to be discharged from the air outlet pipe 3, improving the efficiency of discharging waste gas. Through the driving of a single first motor 41, the two air flow modes are realized at the same time, and the cost is reduced.

[0043] Please refer to Figures 1-3 The adjusting mechanism 44 includes a mounting frame 441, a rotating shaft 442, a first corrugated hose 443, an air guide cover 444, and a driving mechanism 446. The mounting frame 441 is fixedly arranged on the mounting plate 1. The first corrugated hose 443 is arranged between the air inlet pipe 2 and the air gathering ring 43. The air gathering ring 43 is rotatably connected to the mounting frame 441 through the rotating shaft 442. The air guide cover 444 is fixedly arranged on the end of the air outlet pipe 3. The driving mechanism 446 is arranged on the mounting frame 441 and is used to drive the air flow discharge end of the air gathering ring 43 to align with the air guide cover 444. The air guide cover 444 is provided with a rubber ring 445. When the air gathering ring 43 is aligned with the air guide cover 444, the rubber ring 445 is used to block the gap between the air gathering ring 43 and the air guide cover 444, so that the air flow can only be introduced into the air outlet pipe 3 through the air guide cover 444.

[0044] It should be noted that the air gathering ring 43 on the rotating shaft 442 is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism 446, and the first corrugated hose 443 is used to compensate the movement of the air gathering ring 43, so that the air inlet pipe 2 and the air gathering ring 43 maintain a communication state. By driving the air gathering ring 43 to rotate, the output end of the air gathering ring 43 is in contact with the air guide cover 444, so that the air flow discharged from the air gathering ring 43 can be introduced into the air outlet pipe 3 through the air guide cover 444, realizing the rapid discharge of the air.

[0045] Please refer to Figures 1-3It can be understood that the specific structure and mounting mode of the driving mechanism 446 are not limited in the present application, and only one possible technical solution is provided below; the driving mechanism 446 includes a second motor 4461, a worm gear 4462, and a worm 4463; the second motor 4461 is mounted on the mounting frame 441, the worm gear 4462 is connected to the output end of the second motor 4461, and the worm 4463 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 442, and the worm gear 4462 is engaged with the worm 4463.

[0046] It should be noted that the worm 4463 is driven to rotate by the second motor 4461, the worm gear 4462 is driven to rotate by the worm 4463, and the wind gathering ring 43 on the rotating shaft 442 is further driven to rotate, thereby realizing the alignment or restoration of the wind gathering ring 43 and the air guide cover 444; the axial self-locking characteristic of the cooperation of the worm gear 4462 and the worm 4463 enables the wind gathering ring 43 to stay at any rotating angle position, so that when the wind gathering ring 43 is aligned with the air guide cover 444, a stable alignment resistance can be formed, thereby ensuring the air flow efficiency.

[0047] Please refer to Figures 4-6 The ventilation mechanism 4 further includes a filtering mechanism 45 arranged in the air outlet pipe 3 and used for filtering the exhaust air in the tunnel; the filtering mechanism 45 includes a sleeve 452 and a filter cylinder 453; the sleeve 452 is fixedly arranged in the air outlet pipe 3, and the filter cylinder 453 is arranged in the sleeve 452; the air in the tunnel enters the air outlet pipe 3, passes through the gap between the air outlet pipe 3 and the sleeve 452, enters the gap between the sleeve 452 and the filter cylinder 453, and is then guided out after being filtered by the filter cylinder 453.

[0048] It should be noted that when the air in the tunnel passes through the gap between the air outlet pipe 3 and the sleeve 452 and enters the gap between the sleeve 452 and the filter cylinder 453, the dust carried by the air in the tunnel is accumulated and stored between the sleeve 452 and the filter cylinder 453 through the filtering of the filter cylinder 453, and the filtered air is guided out from the top of the air outlet pipe 3 after passing through the filter cylinder 453, thereby realizing the filtering of the exhaust air in the tunnel.

[0049] Please refer to Figures 5-12, the filtering mechanism 45 further comprises a linkage mechanism 455, a rotating sleeve 451 coaxially rotating connected in the air outlet pipe 3, and a top plate 454 arranged above the filter cylinder 453; the linkage mechanism 455 is used to drive the filter cylinder 453 to rotate through the rotating sleeve 451, so as to control the way that the air in the tunnel is discharged through the filter cylinder 453; the rotating sleeve 451 is provided with a first through hole 4511 and a second through hole 4512; the bottom of the sleeve 452 is provided with a third through hole 4521 and a fourth through hole 4522; the first through hole 4511 is matched with the third through hole 4521, and the second through hole 4512 is matched with the fourth through hole 4522; the filter cylinder 453 is coaxially connected with the rotating sleeve 451 through a first connecting shaft 4533, the bottom of the filter cylinder 453 is communicated with the third through hole 4521, and the top of the filter cylinder 453 is provided with a fifth through hole 4531 and a sixth through hole 4532; the top plate 454 is provided with a seventh through hole 4541 and an eighth through hole 4542, the fifth through hole 4531 is matched with the seventh through hole 4541, and the sixth through hole 4532 is matched with the sleeve 452;

[0050] When the rotating sleeve 451 is controlled to rotate, two ways that the air in the tunnel is discharged through the filter cylinder 453 can be formed; when the second through hole 4512 is aligned with the fourth through hole 4522, the fifth through hole 4531 is aligned with the seventh through hole 4541, the first through hole 4511 is misaligned with the third through hole 4521, and the sixth through hole 4532 is misaligned with the eighth through hole 4542, that is, after the air enters the air outlet pipe 3, it enters the gap between the air outlet pipe 3 and the sleeve 452 through the second through hole 4512 and the fourth through hole 4522, and then enters the gap between the sleeve 452 and the filter cylinder 453, and then is filtered through the filter cylinder 453 in a forward direction, and then is discharged through the fifth through hole 4531 and the seventh through hole 4541, forming a filtering and discharging way;

[0051] When the second through hole 4512 is misaligned with the fourth through hole 4522, the fifth through hole 4531 is misaligned with the seventh through hole 4541, the first through hole 4511 is aligned with the third through hole 4521, and the sixth through hole 4532 is aligned with the eighth through hole 4542, that is, after the air enters the air outlet pipe 3, it enters the filter cylinder 453 through the first through hole 4511 and the third through hole 4521, and then is discharged through the sixth through hole 4532 and the eighth through hole 4542 after being impacted on the inner wall of the filter cylinder 453 in a reverse direction, forming a backwashing and discharging way; it can be understood that a filter screen is arranged in the sixth through hole 4532, which is used to filter the dust that may be carried during backwashing, and the natural wind formed due to temperature difference is relatively weak, and the rotating speed of the fan 42 can be controlled through the first motor 41, so as to control the backwashing wind speed and prevent too much dust from being carried due to excessive wind force, which causes the filter screen to be blocked.

[0052] It should be noted that when the driving mechanism 446 drives the wind collecting ring 43 to rotate and contact the wind guide cover 444, as the contact force between the wind collecting ring 43 and the wind guide cover 444 increases, the rotating sleeve 451 can be driven to rotate through the linkage mechanism 455, so that the second through hole 4512 on the rotating sleeve 451 is aligned with the fourth through hole 4522, at the same time, the rotating sleeve 451 drives the filter cylinder 453 to rotate, so that the fifth through hole 4531 is aligned with the seventh through hole 4541, forming a filtering and guiding out mode, so that the air entering the air outlet pipe 3 passes through the second through hole 4512 and the fourth through hole 4522 into the gap between the sleeve 452 and the filter cylinder 453, and then passes through the fifth through hole 4531 and the seventh through hole 4541 after being filtered in the positive direction, thereby realizing the filtering treatment of the guided exhaust gas and reducing environmental pollution.

[0053] When the driving mechanism 446 drives the wind collecting ring 43 to separate from the wind guide cover 444, the rotating sleeve 451 can be driven to rotate and reset through the linkage mechanism 455. At this time, the first through hole 4511 is aligned with the third through hole 4521, and the sixth through hole 4532 is aligned with the eighth through hole 4542, forming a backwashing and guiding out mode, so that the air entering the air outlet pipe 3 passes through the first through hole 4511 and the third through hole 4521 into the filter cylinder 453, and then passes through the sixth through hole 4532 and the eighth through hole 4542 after being impacted on the inner wall of the filter cylinder 453 in the reverse direction, thereby realizing the directional flushing of the filter structure of the filter cylinder 453 and ensuring the long-term filtering effect of the filter cylinder 453. It can be understood that at this time, the air flow mode entering the air outlet pipe 3 is natural wind flow formed by pressure difference, so the air flow speed is relatively slow. In order to improve the air flow effect and thereby improve the cleaning effect of the filter cylinder 453, at this time, the wind collecting ring 43 can be aligned with the wind guide cover 444 without applying a contact force, that is, the rotating sleeve 451 does not rotate. At this time, the first motor 41 can drive the fan 42 to rotate to realize ventilation into the air outlet pipe 3, thereby improving the reverse flushing effect of the filter cylinder 453.

[0054] Embodiment 2: The technical scheme of this embodiment is different from that of embodiment 1 in that Figures 5-12 The linkage mechanism 455 includes a guide reset mechanism, a limiting rod 4556 and a sliding block 4557. The guide reset mechanism is arranged on the air outlet pipe 3, the limiting rod 4556 is arranged on the guide reset mechanism, and the sliding block 4557 is arranged on the limiting rod 4556. The rotating sleeve 451 is provided with a sliding groove 4558 matched with the sliding block 4557. When the wind collecting ring 43 contacts the wind guide cover 444, the limiting rod 4556 can be driven to move through the guide reset mechanism to drive the sliding block 4557 to slide in the sliding groove 4558, thereby driving the rotating sleeve 451 to rotate.

[0055] It should be noted that when the air gathering ring 43 pushes the air guide cover 444 to move, the limit rod 4556 is driven to move through the guide reset mechanism. It can be understood that the slide groove 4558 is an arc structure. When the slider 4557 moves vertically, the slide groove 4558 can drive the rotating sleeve 451 to rotate. At this time, the rotating rotating sleeve 451 can drive the filter cartridge 453 to rotate, forming an air filtration and derivation method; and when the air gathering ring 43 is separated from the air guide cover 444, the guide reset mechanism can drive the rotating sleeve 451 to rotate and reset, forming an air backwashing and derivation method.

[0056] See also Figures 5-12 The guide reset mechanism includes a connecting pipe 4551, a second corrugated hose 4552, a guide sleeve 4553, a second connecting shaft 4554 and a spring 4555; the bottom end of the air outlet pipe 3 is connected to the connecting pipe 4551 through the second corrugated hose 4552, the limit rod 4556 is fixed to the connecting pipe 4551, the air guide cover 444 is fixed to the connecting pipe 4551, the guide sleeve 4553 is fixed to the air outlet pipe 3 through the second connecting shaft 4554, and the guide sleeve 4553 is sleeved on the connecting pipe 4551, the spring 4555 is sleeved on the second connecting shaft 4554, and one end of the spring 4555 is in conflict with the air outlet pipe 3, and the other end of the spring 4555 is in conflict with the connecting pipe 4551; when the spring 4555 loses its restriction, the spring 4555 can drive the connecting pipe 4551 to move along its axis and reset.

[0057] It should be noted that when the wind gathering ring 43 pushes the wind guide cover 444 to move, the wind guide cover 444 drives the connecting pipe 4551 to move, so that the spring 4555 is compressed and elastic potential energy is stored. At this time, the second corrugated hose 4552 improves the displacement compensation for the movement of the connecting pipe 4551, so that the exhaust pipe 3 and the connecting pipe 4551 remain connected. The connecting pipe 4551 that moves under force drives the limiting rod 4556 to move, and then drives the rotating sleeve 451 to rotate through the slide groove 4558. When the wind gathering ring 43 is separated from the wind guide cover 444, the stored elastic potential energy drives the rotating sleeve 451 to rotate and reset, thereby realizing the switching between the air filtration outlet mode and the air backwash outlet mode.

[0058] See also Figures 1-13 A single-hole, bidirectional, and ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation method, using the above-mentioned single-hole, bidirectional, and ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device, specifically comprises the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Internal ventilation: The first motor 41 drives the fan 42 to rotate, so that the outside air is discharged into the air inlet pipe 2, and accumulates in the air collection chamber 431. The air is then discharged through the air outlet 432, so that the air flows along the inner wall of the air collection ring 43, and at the same time drives the air flow in the tunnel;

[0060] Step two, waste gas removal: when the air quality in the tunnel is poor, the air gathering ring 43 is driven to rotate by the adjusting mechanism 44, so that the output end of the air gathering ring 43 is aligned with the bottom of the air outlet pipe 3. At this time, when the first motor 41 is started to drive the fan 42 to rotate, the air in the air gathering cavity 431 is guided to flow into the air outlet pipe 3, and then the air in the tunnel is brought into the air outlet pipe 3 to guide the waste gas in the tunnel out.

[0061] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation and a particular orientation configuration and operation, therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more.

[0062] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0063] The above describes one embodiment of the present application in detail, but the content described is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes and improvements made in the scope of the present application should still be within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A single-hole, bidirectional, ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device, comprising a mounting plate (1) arranged on the top of the tunnel and an air inlet pipe (2) and an air outlet pipe (3) arranged on the mounting plate (1); characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (2) is provided with a ventilation mechanism (4); the ventilation mechanism (4) comprises: a first motor (41), the first motor (41) being installed in the air intake pipe (2); a fan (42), the fan (42) being coaxially connected to the output end of the first motor (41), and the fan (42) being disposed in the air intake pipe (2); An air gathering ring (43) is provided in the tunnel and fixed to the air inlet pipe (2); the air gathering ring (43) comprises an air gathering cavity (431) provided in the air gathering ring (43) and an air outlet (432) provided on the air gathering ring (43); air in the air inlet pipe (2) can pass through the air gathering cavity (431) and be discharged from the air outlet (432); and an adjusting mechanism (44), the adjusting mechanism (44) being arranged on the mounting plate (1) and being used to control the axial direction of the air gathering ring (43) to be parallel to the length direction of the tunnel or to control the alignment of the air gathering ring (43) and the air outlet pipe (3), thereby correspondingly driving the air flow to circulate along the tunnel or to be discharged through the air outlet pipe (3).

2. A single-hole, bidirectional, ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating mechanism (44) comprises a mounting frame (441), a rotating shaft (442), a first corrugated hose (443), an air guide cover (444) and a driving mechanism (446); the mounting frame (441) is fixedly mounted on the mounting plate (1); the first corrugated hose (443) is arranged between the air inlet pipe (2) and the air gathering ring (43); the air gathering ring (43) is rotatably connected to the mounting frame (441) via the rotating shaft (442); the air guide cover (444) is fixedly mounted on the end of the air outlet pipe (3); the driving mechanism (446) is arranged on the mounting frame (441) and is used to drive the air flow outlet end of the air gathering ring (43) to align with the air guide cover (444).

3. A single-hole, bidirectional, ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air guide cover (444) is provided with a rubber ring (445). When the air gathering ring (43) and the air guide cover (444) are aligned, the rubber ring (445) is used to block the gap between the air gathering ring (43) and the air guide cover (444), so that the air flow can only be introduced into the air outlet pipe (3) through the air guide cover (444).

4. A single-hole, bidirectional, ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (446) includes a second motor (4461), a worm wheel (4462) and a worm (4463); the second motor (4461) is mounted on a mounting frame (441), the worm wheel (4462) is connected to the output end of the second motor (4461), the worm (4463) is coaxially fixed to the rotating shaft (442), and the worm wheel (4462) and the worm (4463) are meshed.

5. A single-hole, bidirectional, ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation mechanism (4) further comprises a filtering mechanism (45) arranged in the air outlet pipe (3) and used for filtering the exhaust gas discharged from the tunnel.

6. A single-hole, bidirectional, ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The filtering mechanism (45) comprises a sleeve (452) and a filter cartridge (453); the sleeve (452) is fixedly arranged in the air outlet pipe (3), and the filter cartridge (453) is arranged in the sleeve (452); the air in the tunnel enters the air outlet pipe (3), passes through the gap between the air outlet pipe (3) and the sleeve (452), enters the gap between the sleeve (452) and the filter cartridge (453), and is then filtered by the filter cartridge (453) and discharged.

7. A single-hole, bidirectional, ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filtering mechanism (45) further comprises a linkage mechanism (455), a rotating sleeve (451) coaxially connected to the air outlet pipe (3), and a top plate (454) disposed above the filter cartridge (453); the linkage mechanism (455) is used to drive the filter cartridge (453) to rotate via the rotating sleeve (451) to control the manner in which the air in the tunnel is discharged through the filter cartridge (453); The rotating sleeve (451) is provided with a first through hole (4511) and a second through hole (4512); the bottom of the sleeve (452) is provided with a third through hole (4521) and a fourth through hole (4522); the first through hole (4511) is adapted to the third through hole (4521), and the second through hole (4512) is adapted to the fourth through hole (4522); the filter cartridge (453) is connected to the rotating sleeve (451) via a first connecting shaft (4533). ) are coaxially connected, the bottom of the filter cartridge (453) is communicated with the third through hole (4521), and the top of the filter cartridge (453) is provided with a fifth through hole (4531) and a sixth through hole (4532); the top plate (454) is provided with a seventh through hole (4541) and an eighth through hole (4542), the fifth through hole (4531) is adapted to match the seventh through hole (4541), and the sixth through hole (4532) is adapted to match the sleeve (452); When the rotating sleeve (451) is controlled to rotate, two modes of the air in the tunnel passing through the filter cartridge (453) can be formed; when the second through hole (4512) and the fourth through hole (4522) are aligned, the fifth through hole (4531) and the seventh through hole (4541) are aligned, the first through hole (4511) and the third through hole (4521) are misaligned, and the sixth through hole (4532) and the eighth through hole (4542) are misaligned, that is, after the air enters the outlet pipe (3), it passes through the second through hole (4512) and the fourth through hole (4522) into the gap between the outlet pipe (3) and the sleeve (452), enters the gap between the sleeve (452) and the filter cartridge (453), and then passes through the filter cartridge (453) in the forward direction. After filtration, the air passes through the fifth through hole (4531) and the seventh through hole (4541) to be discharged, thus forming a filtering discharge mode; when the second through hole (4512) and the fourth through hole (4522) are misaligned, the fifth through hole (4531) and the seventh through hole (4541) are misaligned, the first through hole (4511) and the third through hole (4521) are aligned, and the sixth through hole (4532) and the eighth through hole (4542) are aligned, that is, after the air enters the air outlet pipe (3), it passes through the first through hole (4511) and the third through hole (4521) into the filter cartridge (453), impacts the inner wall of the filter cartridge (453) in the reverse direction, and then passes through the sixth through hole (4532) and the eighth through hole (4542) to be discharged, thus forming a backwash discharge mode.

8. A single-hole, bidirectional, ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism (455) includes a guide reset mechanism, a limit rod (4556) and a slider (4557); the guide reset mechanism is arranged on the air outlet pipe (3), the limit rod (4556) is arranged on the guide reset mechanism, and the slider (4557) is arranged on the limit rod (4556); a sliding groove (4558) adapted to the slider (4557) is provided on the rotating sleeve (451); when the driving wind gathering ring (43) conflicts with the wind guide cover (444), the limit rod (4556) can be driven to move by the guide reset mechanism, so as to drive the slider (4557) to slide in the sliding groove (4558), thereby driving the rotating sleeve (451) to rotate.

9. A single-hole, bidirectional, ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The guide reset mechanism comprises a connecting pipe (4551), a second corrugated hose (4552), a guide sleeve (4553), a second connecting shaft (4554) and a spring (4555); the bottom end of the air outlet pipe (3) is connected to the connecting pipe (4551) through the second corrugated hose (4552), the limiting rod (4556) is fixed to the connecting pipe (4551), the air guide cover (444) is fixed to the connecting pipe (4551), and the guide sleeve (4553) is fixed to the second connecting shaft (4554) through the second corrugated hose (4552). The connecting shaft (4554) is fixed to the air outlet pipe (3), and the guide sleeve (4553) is sleeved on the connecting pipe (4551). The spring (4555) is sleeved on the second connecting shaft (4554), and one end of the spring (4555) contacts the air outlet pipe (3), and the other end of the spring (4555) contacts the connecting pipe (4551); when the spring (4555) loses its restriction, the spring (4555) can drive the connecting pipe (4551) to move along its axis and reset.

10. A ventilation method for construction of a single-hole, bidirectional, ultra-long highway tunnel, characterized by: The single-hole, bidirectional, ultra-long highway tunnel construction ventilation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 specifically comprises the following steps: Step 1, internal ventilation: The fan (42) is driven to rotate by the first motor (41), so that the external air is led into the air inlet pipe (2), and is accumulated in the air collection chamber (431), and then led out through the air outlet (432), so that the air flows along the inner wall of the air collection ring (43), and at the same time drives the air flow in the tunnel; Step 2, exhaust gas removal: When the air quality in the tunnel deteriorates, the air collecting ring (43) is driven to rotate by the regulating mechanism (44), so that the output end of the air collecting ring (43) is aligned with the bottom of the air outlet pipe (3). At this time, when the first motor (41) is started to drive the fan (42) to rotate, the air guided out of the air collecting chamber (431) flows into the air outlet pipe (3), thereby driving the air in the tunnel into the air outlet pipe (3) to guide the exhaust gas in the tunnel.

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