Laser ultrasonic equipment fixing device for identifying micro-damage on surface of high-temperature service pipeline

Abstract

The invention provides a laser ultrasonic equipment fixing device for identifying micro-damage on the surface of a high-temperature service pipeline, which comprises an upper bracket and a lower bracket, and openings of the upper bracket and the lower bracket abut against each other and can be mounted on a to-be-detected pipeline. A support locking piece is arranged at the abutting position of the upper support and the lower support to fix the upper support and the lower support together. The upper support and the lower support are each provided with a plurality of pipeline fasteners, and the distance between each pipeline fastener and the outer surface of a to-be-detected pipeline can be independently adjusted. When the device is used, the upper bracket and the lower bracket are fixed on the outer surface of a to-be-detected pipeline by using the bracket locking piece, and the pulse laser and the laser interferometer which are used for detecting the damage of the outer surface of the pipeline are integrated on the upper bracket, so that the whole device is compact in structure and only occupies the peripheral space of the pipeline; and the pulse laser and the laser interferometer are not in direct contact with the high-temperature to-be-measured pipeline, so that the effects that the occupied space is small, the device can adapt to a complex pipeline environment and the service life of equipment is prolonged are achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of non-destructive testing of metal materials, in particular to a laser ultrasonic equipment fixing device for identifying surface micro-damage of high-temperature service pipelines. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the petrochemical and cogeneration industries, the safe operation of the main steam pipeline is crucial. The main steam pipeline operates for a long time in a high-temperature (above 500℃) and high-pressure (above 10MPa) environment, and the change in surface grain size (such as bulging) is a key indicator of micro-damage. Traditional contact detection methods (such as piezoelectric ultrasonic sensors) after shutdown have high shutdown costs, with single shutdown losses exceeding ten million yuan, and limited opportunities, making it difficult to meet the needs of online monitoring.

[0003] Existing laser ultrasonic detection technology has the advantages of non-contact and high resolution, but in the actual application of high-temperature pipelines, the stability and adaptability of the fixing device still have problems due to pipeline vibration and space limitations. For example, the invention patent "Distributed laser ultrasonic detection system and method for R zone defects of ribbed members (CN115184471B)" can realize non-contact detection of macroscopic defects, but the detection equipment needs a working platform during system erection, occupying a large space and being unable to cope with complex pipeline environments.

[0004] Therefore, the present application proposes a laser ultrasonic equipment fixing device for identifying surface micro-damage of high-temperature service pipelines, to solve the problem that existing laser ultrasonic equipment cannot cope with complex pipeline environments for non-contact and non-stop damage detection. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a laser ultrasonic equipment fixing device for identifying surface micro-damage of high-temperature service pipelines, to solve the problem that the existing laser ultrasonic equipment mentioned in the prior art cannot cope with complex pipeline environments for non-contact and non-stop damage detection.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes and other related purposes, the present application provides a laser ultrasonic equipment fixing device for identifying surface micro-damage of high-temperature service pipelines, comprising an upper support and a lower support, the openings of the upper support and the lower support are in contact with each other and can be installed on the pipeline to be measured, and the contact positions of the upper support and the lower support are provided with support locking members to fix the upper support and the lower support together;

[0007] A plurality of pipeline fasteners are installed on the upper support and the lower support, and the distance between the end of each pipeline fastener and the outer surface of the pipeline to be measured can be adjusted individually;

[0008] The outer surface of the upper support extends to the outer side of the pipeline to be detected, and the external pulse laser and the laser interferometer can be installed on the outer surface of the upper support, so that the detection end of the pulse laser and the detection end of the laser interferometer are left with a gap from the outer surface of the pipeline to be detected.

[0009] Preferably, the pipeline fastener comprises a U-shaped support arranged on the outer surface of the upper support or the lower support, and a sliding block driving element is arranged on the U-shaped support, and a support fastening sliding block is arranged at the end of the sliding block driving element, the support fastening sliding block extends to the outer surface of the pipeline to be detected through the upper support or the lower support, and a sliding block positioning element is arranged on the outer surface of the sliding block driving element.

[0010] Preferably, the sliding block driving element can drive the support fastening sliding block to move horizontally, and the sliding block positioning element can lock the position of the sliding block driving element.

[0011] Preferably, the support fastening sliding block can rotate at the end of the sliding block driving element.

[0012] Preferably, one side of the support fastening sliding block facing the pipeline to be detected is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped support fastening sliding block is free of anti-skid lines.

[0013] Preferably, the sliding block driving element is a bolt, the sliding block driving element is threadedly connected with the U-shaped support, and the sliding block positioning element is a nut, which is threadedly connected with the outer surface of the sliding block driving element.

[0014] The sliding block positioning element is in contact with the inner part of the U-shaped support by rotation, and the position of the sliding block driving element can be locked by friction and pressure.

[0015] Preferably, the upper support comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, and the inner ring is supported by the support element relative to the outer ring.

[0016] The pulse laser and the laser interferometer are installed on the outer ring of the upper support.

[0017] The inner ring of the upper support is connected with the lower support and is clamped on the outer surface of the pipeline to be detected.

[0018] Preferably, the support locking element is a bolt or a fixed buckle.

[0019] Preferably, one side of the upper support and the lower support facing the pipeline to be detected is provided with a magnetic layer.

[0020] The use method of the laser ultrasonic equipment fixing device for identifying the surface micro-damage of the high-temperature service pipeline and the pipeline damage detection method comprise the following steps:

[0021] S1, analyze the high-risk position of the pipeline to be detected to determine the detection area.

[0022] S2, placing the clamp: respectively, the support fastening slider on the upper support, the lower support is moved to the maximum stroke outward, then the upper support, the lower support is placed to the pipe to be measured area, through the support locking piece, the upper support, the lower support is connected, then the support fastening slider is moved to the surface of the pipe to be measured for locking, so that the upper support, the lower support is fixed on the outer surface of the pipe to be measured, finally, the slider positioning piece locks the slider driving piece, prevents loosening;

[0023] S3, connecting the instrument: respectively, the pulse laser and laser interferometer are placed in the pulse laser box and laser interferometer box on the upper support, then connected to the data acquisition card through the coaxial cable, finally connected to the computer through the data line;

[0024] S4, start detection: open the pulse laser and laser interferometer, the pulse laser emitted by the pulse laser is emitted to the surface of the pipe to be measured, after the pulse laser irradiation, the temperature of the surface of the pipe to be measured is increased, the thermal expansion is generated, after the pulse laser irradiation, the material shrinks with the temperature decreasing, the displacement with gradient distribution formed by the rapid change of local stress and displacement can excite ultrasonic wave, that is, the thermal elastic mechanism, the laser interferometer detects the ultrasonic wave signal of the pipe surface by emitting laser to the pipe surface, and transmits the signal to the data acquisition card through the coaxial cable, and the data acquisition card transmits the related data to the computer through the data line;

[0025] S5, read the result: the grain size of the pipe surface to be measured has a great influence on the sound velocity and energy change in the ultrasonic wave propagation process, and the grain size of the pipe surface to be measured can be obtained by converting the related ultrasonic wave parameters in the computer.

[0026] As described above, the laser ultrasonic equipment fixing device for identifying the surface micro-damage of high-temperature service pipeline has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] 1、 the upper support and the lower support are fixed on the outer surface of the pipe to be measured by using the support locking piece, and the pulse laser and the laser interferometer for detecting the damage of the outer surface of the pipe are integrated on the upper support, so that the whole device structure is compact, only occupies the peripheral space of the pipe, and the pulse laser and the laser interferometer will not be in direct contact with the high-temperature pipe to be measured, so that the space occupied is small, the complex pipeline environment can be adapted, and the service life of the equipment is improved.

[0028] At the same time, the simple structure and simple installation method can effectively reduce the preparation cost and installation cost.

[0029] 2、The present application excites low-energy-density pulsed laser by using pulsed laser and laser interferometer, excites ultrasonic wave through material surface thermal expansion, laser interferometer detects ultrasonic wave signal of pipeline surface by emitting laser to the pipeline surface, and transmits the signal to the data acquisition card through the coaxial cable, and the data acquisition card transmits relevant data to the computer through the data line, so that the pipeline damage can be detected without damage, and the effect of realizing real-time monitoring without stopping is realized.

[0030] 3、The present application installs the U-shaped support on the upper support and the lower support, and installs the sliding block driving part on the U-shaped support, and drives the support fastening sliding block displacement to change the fixed inner diameter between the upper support and the lower support, so as to adapt to pipelines of different diameters and improve the application range of the device.

[0031] 4、The present application clamps and connects the upper support and the lower support to the pipeline to be detected through the support fastening sliding block, forms an overall rigid structure, when the pipeline to be detected vibrates, the fixing device will vibrate synchronously, so as to eliminate the relative displacement error of the equipment and the pipeline, and improve the detection precision.

[0032] Therefore, the present application effectively overcomes the shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 The structure of the present application is shown.

[0034] Figure 2 The structure of the pipeline fastener of the present application is shown.

[0035] Element number explanation:

[0036] 1, pulsed laser; 2, laser interferometer; 3, coaxial cable; 4, data acquisition card; 5, data line; 6, computer; 7, upper support; 8, pipeline to be detected; 9, lower support; 10, support locking part; 11, support fastening sliding block; 12, sliding block driving part; 13, sliding block positioning part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The embodiments of the present application are described below by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the content disclosed in the specification.

[0038] Please refer to Figures 1 to 2It is to be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings accompanying the present specification are merely intended to assist in understanding and reading the present specification and are not intended to limit the conditions under which the present application can be implemented, and therefore do not have technical significance. Any modification of structure, change of proportional relationship, or adjustment of size, without affecting the effects and purposes that can be achieved by the present application, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application. Meanwhile, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and "one" used in the present specification are only for the convenience of clear description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Changes or adjustments of relative relationship, without substantial changes in technical content, are also considered as the scope of the present application.

[0039] As shown in Figure 1 The present application provides a laser ultrasonic equipment fixing device for identifying micro-damage on the surface of high-temperature service pipeline, which comprises an upper support 7 and a lower support 9. The openings of the upper support 7 and the lower support 9 are in contact with each other to form a circular wrapping surface for installation on the pipeline 8 to be measured. The contact position of the upper support 7 and the lower support 9 is provided with a support locking member 10 to fix the upper support 7 and the lower support 9 together, so that the entire support is installed on the outer surface of the pipeline 8 to be measured. At the same time, the upper support 7 and the lower support 9 can also be separated by disassembling the support locking member 10, so that the entire support is separated from the outer surface of the pipeline 8 to be measured.

[0040] A plurality of pipeline fasteners are installed on the upper support 7 and the lower support 9, and each pipeline fastener can independently adjust the distance between the end of the pipeline fastener and the outer surface of the pipeline 8 to be measured. By pressing the outer surface of the pipeline 8 to be measured through the pipeline fastener, the entire support can be stably fixed on the outer surface of the pipeline 8 to be measured. And by adjusting the extension distance of the pipeline fastener to the pipeline 8 to be measured, different diameters of the pipeline 8 to be measured can be adapted, and the application range of the device is improved.

[0041] The outer surface of the upper support 7 extends to the outer side of the pipeline 8 to be detected, and the external pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2 can be mounted on the outer surface of the upper support 7. The pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2 are connected to the data acquisition card 4 through the coaxial cable 3, and the data acquisition card 4 is connected to the computer 6 through the data line 5 to form signal interaction. During detection, the pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2 are turned on, and the pulse laser emitted by the pulse laser 1 is emitted to the surface of the pipeline 8 to be detected. Because the energy density of the pulse laser is low, the material surface will not undergo irreversible melting and other physical changes. The surface of the pipeline 8 to be detected is irradiated by the pulse laser, the temperature of the irradiated area is raised, thermal expansion occurs, and after the pulse laser irradiation, the material shrinks with the decrease of temperature (the displacement with gradient distribution formed by the rapid change of local stress and displacement can excite ultrasonic waves, that is, the thermal elastic mechanism). The laser interferometer 2 detects the ultrasonic wave signal on the surface of the pipeline 8 by emitting laser to the surface of the pipeline 8, and transmits the signal to the data acquisition card 4 through the coaxial cable 3. The data acquisition card 4 transmits the related data to the computer 6 through the data line 5, and the computer 6 obtains the grain size of the surface of the pipeline 8 to be detected by converting the related ultrasonic wave parameters, and then compares with the model data to obtain the information of the pipeline damage degree of the pipeline 8 to be detected.

[0042] The detection end of the pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2 is left with a gap from the outer surface of the pipeline 8 to be detected, so as to avoid direct contact with the high-temperature surface, realize non-contact detection, and prolong the service life of the pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2. At the same time, the pipeline 8 to be detected is detected by low-energy-density pulse laser, which can avoid ablation of the material surface and realize non-damage detection.

[0043] The connection mode of the support and the pipeline 8 to be detected is rigid connection. When the pipeline 8 to be detected vibrates, the support will vibrate synchronously, so as to avoid displacement of the monitoring point during detection due to vibration and improve the anti-interference ability. From the source of structure, the error is reduced, and the algorithm is combined to reduce noise, so as to realize accurate reception of ultrasonic signal.

[0044] As Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown in the drawings, in some embodiments, the pipe fastener of the present application comprises a U-shaped bracket arranged on the outer surface of the upper bracket 7 or the lower bracket 9. A slider driving member 12 is arranged on the U-shaped bracket, and a bracket fastening slider 11 is mounted on the end of the slider driving member 12. The bracket fastening slider 11 extends through the upper bracket 7 or the lower bracket 9 to the outer surface of the pipe 8 to be measured. When the distance between the bracket fastening slider 11 and the pipe 8 to be measured is adjusted by adjusting the slider driving member 12, the bracket fastening slider 11 can exert pressure on the pipe 8 to be measured, thereby stably fixing the entire bracket to the outer surface of the pipe 8 to be measured. The adjustable bracket fastening slider 11 can be adjusted in position according to the pipe 8 to be measured of different diameters to adapt to the pipe 8 to be measured of different diameters. The outer surface of the slider driving member 12 is provided with a slider positioning member 13. After the bracket is fixed by adjusting the position of the bracket fastening slider 11 by the slider driving member 12, the slider positioning member 13 is locked to the slider driving member 12, thereby avoiding the effect of unstable fixation of the bracket fastening slider 11 caused by loosening of the slider driving member 12.

[0045] As shown in the drawings, Figure 2 In some embodiments, the slider driving member 12 of the present application can drive the bracket fastening slider 11 to move horizontally to clamp the outer surface of the pipe 8 to be measured by rotation. After the bracket fastening slider 11 completes the fixation and clamping, the slider positioning member 13 is rotated to exert pressure on the U-shaped bracket, and the position of the slider driving member 12 is locked by pressure and friction force, thereby avoiding the effect of unstable fixation of the bracket caused by loosening of the slider driving member 12.

[0046] The bracket fastening slider 11 can rotate at the end of the slider driving member 12, so that when the bracket fastening slider 11 contacts the outer surface of the pipe 8 to be measured, the bracket fastening slider 11 can be prevented from rotating when the slider driving member 12 is rotated, thereby improving the convenience and stability during fixation.

[0047] As shown in the drawings, Figure 1 and Figure 2 In some embodiments, the bracket fastening slider 11 of the present application is arc-shaped on the side facing the pipe 8 to be measured, which is used to increase the contact area between the bracket fastening slider 11 and the outer surface of the pipe 8 to be measured, thereby improving the stability of fixation. The arc-shaped bracket fastening slider 11 is provided with anti-slip lines to increase the friction between the bracket fastening slider 11 and the pipe 8 to be measured, thereby further improving the stability of fixation.

[0048] As shown in the drawings, Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the slider driver 12 is a bolt, threadedly connected to the U-shaped bracket. The slider positioning member 13 is a nut, threadedly connected to the outer surface of the slider driver 12. This structure is easy to manufacture and can significantly reduce production costs. Furthermore, the installation position of the bracket fastening slider 11 can be easily adjusted by rotating the slider driver 12. Furthermore, after rotation, the slider positioning member 13 contacts the interior of the U-shaped bracket, locking the slider driver 12 in place through friction and pressure.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the upper bracket 7 of the present invention includes an inner ring and an outer ring, and the inner ring and the outer ring are supported by a support member, so that a heat dissipation gap is left between the inner ring and the outer ring. The pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2 are mounted on the outer ring of the upper bracket 7. The inner ring of the upper bracket 7 is connected to the lower bracket 9 and clamped on the outer surface of the pipeline 8 to be tested. In order to improve the protection of the pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2, an equipment box can be provided on the upper bracket 7 for placing the pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2, thereby further isolating the pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2 from the high-temperature pipeline 8 to be tested.

[0050] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the bracket locking member 10 is a bolt or a fixing clip. Using a bolt can reduce manufacturing costs and conveniently secure the upper bracket 7 and the lower bracket 9. Using a fixing clip increases manufacturing costs compared to bolts. However, it provides greater fixing stability and is less prone to loosening in a vibrating environment than bolts.

[0051] It's important to note that the upper and lower brackets 7 and 9 are equipped with a magnetic layer on the side facing the pipe 8 to be tested. When the pipe 8 to be tested is made of a magnetically affinitive material, the upper and lower brackets 7 and 9 can be temporarily fixed to the outer surface of the pipe 8 by magnetic attraction during installation, and then connected using the bracket locking member 10. This further enhances installation convenience.

[0052] The specific use process of the present invention is as follows:

[0053] S1. Analyze the high-risk locations of the pipeline 8 to be tested and determine the detection area;

[0054] S2. Place the fixture: Move the bracket fastening sliders 11 on the upper bracket 7 and the lower bracket 9 outward to their maximum stroke, then place the upper bracket 7 and the lower bracket 9 on the pipe to be tested. Connect the upper bracket 7 and the lower bracket 9 with the bracket locking member 10. Then move the bracket fastening sliders 11 to the surface of the pipe to be tested 8 and lock them, so that the upper bracket 7 and the lower bracket 9 are fixed to the outer surface of the pipe to be tested 8. Finally, the slider positioning member 13 locks the slider driving member 12 to prevent loosening.

[0055] S3, connecting instrument: respectively placing the pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2 in the pulse laser box and the laser interferometer box on the upper support 7, then connecting to the data acquisition card 4 through the coaxial cable 3, and finally connecting to the computer 6 through the data line 5;

[0056] S4, starting detection: opening the pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2, after the pulse laser emitted by the pulse laser 1 is emitted to the surface of the pipeline 8 to be detected, the surface of the pipeline 8 to be detected is heated and expanded by the pulse laser irradiation area, and after the pulse laser irradiation, the material shrinks with the temperature decreasing, the displacement with gradient distribution formed by the rapid change of local stress and displacement can excite ultrasonic waves, that is, the thermal elastic mechanism, the laser interferometer 2 detects the ultrasonic wave signal of the surface of the pipeline 8 by emitting laser to the surface of the pipeline 8, and transmits the signal to the data acquisition card 4 through the coaxial cable 3, and the data acquisition card 4 transmits the related data to the computer 6 through the data line 5;

[0057] S5, reading results: the grain size of the surface of the pipeline 8 to be detected has a great influence on the sound velocity and energy change in the ultrasonic wave propagation process, and the grain size of the surface of the pipeline 8 to be detected can be obtained by converting the related ultrasonic wave parameters in the computer 6.

[0058] In summary, the laser ultrasonic equipment fixing device for identifying the surface micro-damage of the high-temperature service pipeline of the application fixes the upper support 7 and the lower support 9 on the outer surface of the pipeline 8 to be detected by using the support locking piece 10, and integrates the pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2 used for detecting the damage of the outer surface of the pipeline on the upper support 7, so that the whole device structure is compact, only occupies the peripheral space of the pipeline, and the pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2 will not be in direct contact with the high-temperature pipeline 8 to be detected, so that the effects of small space occupation and adaptability to complex pipeline environment and improvement of equipment service life are achieved.

[0059] At the same time, the simple structure and simple installation method can effectively reduce the preparation cost and installation cost.

[0060] The application excites low-energy-density pulse laser by using the pulse laser 1 and the laser interferometer 2, excites ultrasonic waves by thermal expansion of the material surface, detects the ultrasonic wave signal of the surface of the pipeline 8 by the laser interferometer 2, transmits the signal to the data acquisition card 4 through the coaxial cable 3, and transmits the related data to the computer 6 through the data line 5, so that the effects of non-destructive detection of pipeline damage and real-time monitoring without shutdown are achieved.

[0061] The present application can change the fixed inner diameter between the upper support 7 and the lower support 9 by installing the U-shaped support on the upper support 7 and the lower support 9 and installing the sliding block driving element 12 on the U-shaped support and driving the support fastening sliding block 11 to displace, so as to adapt to pipes with different diameters and improve the application range of the lifting device.

[0062] The present application can eliminate the relative displacement error between the equipment and the pipe by clamping and connecting the upper support 7 and the lower support 9 to the pipe 8 to be detected through the support fastening sliding block 11 to form an integral rigid structure and synchronously vibrating the fixing device when the pipe 8 to be detected vibrates, so as to improve the detection precision.

[0063] Therefore, the present application effectively overcomes the various shortcomings in the prior art and has a high industrial utilization value.

[0064] The above embodiments only exemplarily illustrate the principles and effects of the present application and are not used to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical thought disclosed by the present application should be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A laser ultrasonic device for identifying micro-damage on the surface of high-temperature service pipelines, characterized in that: The device comprises an upper bracket (7) and a lower bracket (9), wherein the openings of the upper bracket (7) and the lower bracket (9) contact each other and can be installed on a pipe to be tested (8), and a bracket locking piece (10) is provided at the contact position of the upper bracket (7) and the lower bracket (9) to fix the upper bracket (7) and the lower bracket (9) together; A plurality of pipe fasteners are mounted on the upper bracket (7) and the lower bracket (9), and each pipe fastener can individually adjust the distance between the end of the pipe fastener and the outer surface of the pipe to be tested (8); The outer surface of the upper bracket (7) extends toward the outside of the pipeline (8) to be measured, and the external pulse laser (1) and the laser interferometer (2) can be mounted on the outer surface of the upper bracket (7), so that a gap is left between the detection end of the pulse laser (1) and the detection end of the laser interferometer (2) and the outer surface of the pipeline (8) to be measured.

2. The laser ultrasonic device for identifying micro-damage on the surface of high-temperature service pipelines according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The pipe fastener comprises a U-shaped bracket arranged on the outer surface of an upper bracket (7) or a lower bracket (9), a slider driving member (12) is arranged on the U-shaped bracket, a bracket fastening slider (11) is installed at the end of the slider driving member (12), the bracket fastening slider (11) penetrates the upper bracket (7) or the lower bracket (9) and extends toward the outer surface of the pipe (8) to be tested, and a slider positioning member (13) is arranged on the outer surface of the slider driving member (12).

3. The laser ultrasonic device for identifying micro-damage on the surface of high-temperature service pipelines according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The slider driving member (12) can drive the bracket fastening slider (11) to move horizontally, and the slider positioning member (13) can lock the position of the slider driving member (12).

4. The laser ultrasonic device for identifying micro-damage on the surface of high-temperature service pipelines according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The bracket fastening slider (11) can rotate at the end of the slider driving member (12).

5. The laser ultrasonic device for identifying micro-damage on the surface of high-temperature service pipelines according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The side of the bracket fastening slider (11) facing the pipeline (8) to be tested is arc-shaped, and the arc-shaped bracket fastening slider (11) is free from anti-slip grooves.

6. The laser ultrasonic equipment fixing device for identifying micro-damage on the surface of a high-temperature service pipeline according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The slider driving member (12) is a bolt, the slider driving member (12) is threadedly connected to the U-shaped bracket, the slider positioning member (13) is a nut, and the slider positioning member (13) is threadedly connected to the outer surface of the slider driving member (12); The slider positioning member (13) rotates to come into contact with the interior of the U-shaped bracket, and the position of the slider driving member (12) can be locked through friction and pressure.

7. The laser ultrasonic device fixing device for identifying micro-damage on the surface of a high-temperature service pipeline according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The upper bracket (7) comprises an inner ring and an outer ring, and the inner ring and the outer ring are supported by a support member; The pulse laser (1) and the laser interferometer (2) are mounted on the outer ring of the upper bracket (7); The inner ring of the upper bracket (7) is connected to the lower bracket (9) and is clamped on the outer surface of the pipeline (8) to be tested.

8. The laser ultrasonic device for identifying micro-damage on the surface of high-temperature service pipelines according to claim 7 is characterized in that: The bracket locking piece (10) is a bolt or a fixing buckle.

9. The laser ultrasonic device for identifying micro-damage on the surface of high-temperature service pipelines according to claim 8, characterized in that: A magnetic attraction layer is provided on one side of the upper bracket (7) and the lower bracket (9) facing the pipeline (8) to be tested.

10. A method for using the laser ultrasonic device fixing device for identifying micro-damage on the surface of a high-temperature service pipeline and a method for detecting pipeline damage based on any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, analyzing the high-risk locations of the pipeline to be tested (8) and determining the detection area; S2. Place the fixture: Move the bracket fastening sliders (11) on the upper bracket (7) and the lower bracket (9) outward to the maximum stroke, then place the upper bracket (7) and the lower bracket (9) at the area of ​​the pipeline to be tested, connect the upper bracket (7) and the lower bracket (9) through the bracket locking member (10), and then move the bracket fastening sliders (11) to the surface of the pipeline to be tested (8) to lock them, so that the upper bracket (7) and the lower bracket (9) are fixed to the outer surface of the pipeline to be tested (8), and finally the slider positioning member (13) locks the slider driving member (12) to prevent it from loosening; S3. Connect the instruments: Place the pulse laser (1) and the laser interferometer (2) in the pulse laser box and the laser interferometer box on the upper bracket (7), respectively, then connect them to the data acquisition card (4) via a coaxial cable (3), and finally connect them to the computer (6) via a data cable (5); S4. Start detection: turn on the pulse laser (1) and the laser interferometer (2). After the pulse laser emitted by the pulse laser (1) is emitted to the surface of the pipeline (8) to be tested, the temperature of the area irradiated by the pulse laser on the surface of the pipeline (8) to be tested rises, resulting in thermal expansion. After the pulse laser irradiation, the material shrinks as the temperature decreases. This displacement with a gradient distribution formed by the rapid change of local stress and displacement will excite ultrasonic waves, which is a thermoelastic mechanism. The laser interferometer (2) detects the ultrasonic signal on the surface of the pipeline (8) by emitting laser to the surface of the pipeline (8) to be tested, and transmits the signal to the data acquisition card (4) through the coaxial cable (3). The data acquisition card (4) then transmits the relevant data to the computer (6) through the data line (5); S5. Reading the result: The grain size on the surface of the pipe (8) to be tested has a great influence on the sound velocity and energy change during the ultrasonic wave propagation process. The grain size on the surface of the pipe (8) to be tested can be obtained by converting the relevant ultrasonic wave parameters in the computer (6).

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