Hydraulic cylinder based on multiple protection mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a hydraulic oil cylinder based on multiple protection mechanisms. Two compression rings are slidably arranged in a cylinder barrel, and the two compression rings are adjacent to a front end cover and a rear end cover respectively. First elastic members are connected between the front end cover and the compression ring and between the rear end cover and the compression ring. A front chamber is formed in the front end cover, and two branch chambers extending into an inner cavity of the cylinder barrel are arranged on the side of the front chamber. A rear chamber is formed in the rear end cover, and two branch chambers extending into the inner cavity of the cylinder barrel are arranged on the side of the rear chamber. An adjusting bolt is arranged in each branch chamber. A flow ball for controlling flow is arranged in one branch chamber of the front chamber and one branch chamber of the rear chamber. The application introduces a three-way oil inlet structure and a buffer type oil discharge design, utilizes the compression ring and the elastic member to slow down the moving speed of a piston end, and utilizes the plugging rod one and the plugging rod two to respectively plug the front chamber and the rear chamber, so that the flow and the flow rate of the hydraulic oil are controlled, the pressure load of the hydraulic oil borne by a sealing member is relieved, and the loss of the sealing member is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic oil cylinder, and particularly relates to a hydraulic oil cylinder based on a multiple protection mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] The hydraulic oil cylinder is a key execution element for converting liquid pressure energy into mechanical energy, mainly composed of a cylinder barrel, a piston, sealing elements and oil inlet and outlet ports, and is widely used in various industrial and mechanical equipment. The working principle of the hydraulic oil cylinder is to convert the pressure of incompressible liquid (usually hydraulic oil) into mechanical movement to realize linear or swinging action.

[0003] However, in the face of high-load working environment or long-time operation, the traditional hydraulic oil cylinder exposes some shortcomings. Due to the reciprocating extension and retraction of the piston rod, the hydraulic oil needs to be continuously pumped, and the flow direction of the hydraulic oil is constantly changed and controlled. At the same time, the extension and retraction speed of the piston rod is determined by the hydraulic oil flow entering the hydraulic cylinder and the volume of the corresponding chamber. In this case, the pressure borne by each component is significantly increased in a high-pressure environment, which causes the connecting parts and sealing elements to be easily worn and become parts that need to be regularly maintained and replaced. These problems not only affect the accuracy of the piston rod movement control, but also easily cause oil leakage due to the decline in sealing performance, and reduce the working efficiency and service life of the equipment. In particular, in a harsh working environment, the influence of external factors will further exacerbate the occurrence of the above problems.

[0004] In view of this, in order to improve the reliability and durability of the hydraulic oil cylinder, it is particularly important to design a hydraulic oil cylinder based on a multiple protection mechanism to enhance the overall performance of the equipment and ensure its long-term stable operation in harsh environments. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a hydraulic oil cylinder based on a multiple protection mechanism to enhance the overall performance of the equipment and ensure its long-term stable operation in harsh environments.

[0006] The technical scheme of the present application is: a hydraulic oil cylinder based on a multiple protection mechanism, mainly comprising a cylinder barrel, a front end cover and a rear end cover are respectively installed at the front end and the rear end of the cylinder barrel, a front oil delivery pipe is communicated on the front end cover, and a rear oil delivery pipe is communicated on the rear end cover; a piston end is slidably arranged in the cylinder barrel, a piston rod penetrating through the front end cover is fixedly connected to the piston end, and a front blocking element and a rear blocking element are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the piston end.

[0007] Two compression rings are also slidably arranged in the cylinder, and the two compression rings are arranged at the front and rear of the piston end, and are adjacent to the front end cover and the rear end cover respectively, and a first elastic member is connected between the front end cover and the corresponding side compression ring and between the rear end cover and the corresponding side compression ring; a front chamber adapted to the front plug is formed on the front end cover, and two shunt chambers extending into the inner cavity of the cylinder are arranged on the side surface of the front chamber, the shunt chamber, the front chamber and the front oil pipe are sequentially communicated to form a front end delivery channel of hydraulic oil, and a rear chamber adapted to the rear plug is formed on the rear end cover, two shunt chambers extending into the inner cavity of the cylinder are arranged on the side surface of the rear chamber, the shunt chamber, the rear chamber and the rear oil pipe are sequentially communicated to form a rear end delivery channel of hydraulic oil; an adjusting plug is arranged in each shunt chamber, and a flow ball for flow control is arranged in one of the shunt chambers corresponding to the front chamber and one of the shunt chambers corresponding to the rear chamber.

[0008] A moving ring is further arranged on the front side surface of the rear end cover, and the moving ring is slidably arranged in the cylinder, a blocking ring is arranged on the moving ring and slidably abuts against the rear end cover, and an expansion ring is arranged on the blocking ring and located at the joint between the cylinder and the rear end cover, and the expansion ring is used to seal the joint between the rear end cover and the cylinder.

[0009] Based on overcoming the defects of the prior art, the present application can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0010] 1. The present application introduces a three-way oil inlet structure and a buffer type oil unloading design, utilizes the elastic buffer effect between the compression ring and the first elastic member to moderate the moving speed of the piston end, blocks the front chamber and the rear chamber through the rear plug and the front plug respectively, accurately controls the flow space of the hydraulic oil, so that the hydraulic oil can only flow towards the connected shunt chamber, thereby controlling the flow and flow rate of the hydraulic oil, effectively relieving the pressure load of the hydraulic oil borne by the sealing element, in addition, the design of the shunt chamber combined with the adjusting plug is adopted, and the flow ball is used to dynamically control the flow of the hydraulic oil, thereby significantly reducing the backflow speed, or forming a one-way channel when oil is supplied, reducing the pressure of the sealing element of the front end cover and the rear end cover, effectively reducing the wear of the sealing element and prolonging the service life of the whole.

[0011] 2. The present application further provides a sealing ring and a sealing ring, which can effectively prevent hydraulic oil leakage, leave a space between the inner wall of the sealing ring and the surface of the corresponding joint part, and allow the overflow of the hydraulic oil to flow, and can temporarily store to further enhance the sealing performance, and the connection of the drainage pipe and the shunt pipe enables the leaked hydraulic oil to flow into the cylinder, and drives the moving ring, the blocking ring and the expansion ring to move towards the leakage point, so that the expansion ring is compressed and a temporary seal is formed at the leakage point, thereby preventing further leakage and providing timely emergency treatment scheme.

[0012] 3. The present invention is also equipped with a shield, which provides additional protection for the exposed parts of the piston rod and cylinder to avoid damage caused by external factors. At the same time, the design of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder and the observation window allows users to easily monitor the internal status in real time, ensuring the safety and stability of the equipment operation. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the cylinder, front end cover, front oil supply pipe, rear end cover, rear oil supply pipe, and piston rod of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal components of the cylinder of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a planar structural cross-sectional view of the components of the present invention, including the pressure ring, the first elastic element, and the front chamber.

[0017] Figure 5 This is a planar structural cross-sectional view of the rear plug, rear chamber, and moving ring components of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 6 This is a planar structural cross-sectional view of the moving ring, retaining ring, and telescopic ring components of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the components of the present invention, such as the drainage tube, the diversion tube, and the baffle.

[0020] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the components of the present invention, such as the closing ring, sealing ring, and drainage tube.

[0021] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the fastening frame, connecting bracket, and fastening bolts of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the shield, hinge plate, and connecting plate components of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the guide block, shield, and multi-stage telescopic cylinder components of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the hinge plate, connecting plate, clamping plate, second elastic element and fixing sleeve of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the front end cover, piston rod, first mounting base, multi-stage telescopic cylinder, and second mounting base of the present invention.

[0027] Component names and serial numbers in the diagram: 1. Cylinder, 11. Front end cap, 111. Front oil supply pipe, 12. Rear end cap, 121. Rear oil supply pipe, 13. Piston rod, 131. Piston end, 132. Rear plug, 133. Front plug, 2. Pressure ring, 21. First elastic element, 22. Front chamber, 23. Flow divider, 24. Adjusting plug, 25. Flow ball, 26. Rear chamber, 3. Moving ring, 31. Retaining ring, 32. Extension 33. Shrink ring, 331. Closing ring, 332. Fastening frame, 333. Connecting bracket, 334. Fastening bolt, 35. Sealing ring, 36. Drainage tube, 37. Diverting tube, 48. Baffle, 49. Guide block, 40. Shielding cover, 41. Hinge plate, 42. Connecting plate, 433. Clamping plate, 434. Second elastic element, 45. Fixing sleeve, 51. First mounting base, 52. Multi-stage telescopic cylinder, 533. Observation window, 54. Second mounting base. Detailed Implementation

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0029] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The technical solutions of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0030] Example 1: A hydraulic cylinder based on a multi-protection mechanism, such as Figures 1-6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, it includes:

[0031] The main components include a cylinder 1, with a front cover 11 and a rear cover 12 installed at the front and rear ends of the cylinder 1, respectively. A front oil supply pipe 111 is connected to the front cover 11, and a rear oil supply pipe 121 is connected to the rear cover 12. A piston end 131 slides inside the cylinder 1, and a piston rod 13 passing through the front cover 11 is fixed to the piston end 131. The piston end 131 serves as a dividing point, dividing the internal space of the cylinder 1 into a rod chamber and a rodless chamber. This is the main component of the hydraulic cylinder, which is existing technology and will not be described in detail here. A front plug 133 and a rear plug 132 are also provided on the front and rear sides of the piston end 131, respectively. The rod diameter of the rear plug 132 is smaller than that of the front plug 133 to accommodate different oil supply volumes corresponding to the extension and retraction of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0032] The feature is that two pressure rings 2 are slidably arranged inside the cylinder 1. The two pressure rings 2 are respectively located at the front and rear of the piston end 131, and the two pressure rings 2 are adjacent to the front end cover 11 and the rear end cover 12 respectively. A first elastic element 21 is connected between the front end cover 11 and the corresponding side pressure ring 2, and between the rear end cover 12 and the corresponding side pressure ring 2. The first elastic element 21 is a spring, and both pressure rings 2 are in contact with the piston end 131. The design of the pressure rings 2 and the first elastic element 21 is used to construct a buffer assembly, which can effectively slow down the movement speed of the piston end 131, further stabilize the movement of the piston rod 13, and prevent the sealing loosening problem caused by unstable operation.

[0033] A front chamber 22 adapted to the front plug 133 is provided on the front cover 11. Two diversion chambers 23 extending into the inner cavity of the cylinder 1 are provided on the side of the front chamber 22. The diversion chambers 23, the front chamber 22, and the front oil supply pipe 111 are sequentially connected to form the front delivery channel for hydraulic oil. The diversion chambers 23 are L-shaped channels. Through the connection of the diversion chambers 23, the front chamber 22, the front oil supply pipe 111, and the cylinder 1 are interconnected, forming the hydraulic oil delivery path. The front chamber 22 is located in the middle area of ​​the front cover 11 and is used to receive the movement of the piston rod 13. The inner diameter of the front chamber 22 is adapted to the rod diameter of the front plug 133, ensuring that the front plug 133 can tightly fit the inner wall of the front chamber 22 after insertion, effectively sealing the front chamber 22 and limiting the backflow space of hydraulic oil in the rod cavity. In addition, due to the presence of the diversion chambers 23, two additional channels extend from both sides of the front chamber 22, as detailed in [link to details]. Figure 4 The inner diameter of the flow divider chamber 23 is smaller than that of the front chamber 22, which further controls the flow of hydraulic oil, reduces the pressure on the seal caused by excessive hydraulic oil flow, and thus reduces the wear of the seal.

[0034] The rear cover 12 has a rear chamber 26 adapted to the rear plug 132. The side of the rear chamber 26 has two diversion chambers 23 extending into the inner cavity of the cylinder 1. The diversion chambers 23, the rear chamber 26 and the rear oil supply pipe 121 are connected in sequence to form the rear delivery channel of hydraulic oil. The operating principle here is the same as that of the front chamber 22, and will not be described in detail. The inner diameter of the rear chamber 26 is smaller than that of the front chamber 22 in order to better adapt to the oil volume requirements when the hydraulic oil flows back, thereby achieving a more effective flow restriction effect. Each diversion chamber 23 is equipped with an adjusting plug 24. One of the diversion chambers 23 corresponding to the front chamber 22 and one of the diversion chambers 23 corresponding to the rear chamber 26 are equipped with a flow ball 25 for flow control.

[0035] Specifically, due to gravity, the flowing ball 25 will naturally fall and block the angle of the flow divider 23 when it is not filled with hydraulic oil. Figure 5 As shown, when the hydraulic oil in the rodless chamber flows back, it restricts the flow of the diversion chamber 23 on this side to limit the amount of hydraulic oil entering during the backflow, thereby reducing the pressure on the seal of the rear cover 12. Conversely, when the hydraulic oil is in the filling state, the hydraulic oil first fills the rear chamber 26 and gradually pushes up the flow ball 25 located therein, so that the diversion chamber 23 opens, ensuring the unobstructed flow of the three channels and ensuring the smooth input of hydraulic oil. Similarly, the flow ball 25 in the front cover 11 operates on the same principle. Here, the opposing ends of the two adjusting bolts 24 on the same side are provided with pads that can match the inner diameter of the corresponding diversion chamber 23 to further ensure the sealing of the adjusting bolts 24 during operation. At the same time, due to the presence of the flow ball 25, the movement of the adjusting bolt 24 on one side can simultaneously restrict the movement space of the flow ball 25, so that the floating flow ball 25 contacts and abuts it, thereby adjusting the flow space of the hydraulic oil to the diversion chamber 23, and achieving the purpose of controlling the amount of oil entering.

[0036] A movable ring 3 is also provided on the front side of the rear end cover 12. The movable ring 3 is slidably disposed inside the cylinder 1. A retaining ring 31 is provided on the movable ring 3 to slide against the rear end cover 12. A telescopic ring 32 is provided on the retaining ring 31 at the junction of the cylinder 1 and the rear end cover 12. The telescopic ring 32 is used to seal the junction between the rear end cover 12 and the cylinder 1. It should be noted that both the retaining ring 31 and the telescopic ring 32 are embedded in the inner wall of the rear end cover 12. The telescopic ring 32 fits against the junction of the cylinder 1 and the rear end cover 12, and the two can cooperate with the sliding operation of the movable ring 3. Under the push of hydraulic oil, the retaining ring 31 can guide the telescopic ring 32 to slide and compress, ensuring that the telescopic ring 32 can quickly and tightly fit against the joint of the cylinder 1 and the rear end cover 12, effectively preventing leakage, playing a protective role, and further reducing the risk of leakage.

[0037] like Figure 1 , Figures 7-9As shown, a set of sealing rings 34 are provided on the surface of the connection between cylinder 1 and front end cover 11, and between cylinder 1 and rear end cover 12. There are two sealing rings 34 in a set, and the two sets are arranged in a front-to-back interval. The two sealing rings 34 in the same set are located on the front and rear sides of the corresponding connection. A sealing ring 33 covering the corresponding connection gap is embedded in the circumferential direction between the sealing rings 34 in the same set. The sealing ring 33 is composed of four segments. The four segments are connected to form a complete ring. There is a space between the inside of the sealing ring 33 and the surface of the corresponding connection part to allow the flow and temporary storage of hydraulic oil leaked in case of sudden events at each joint.

[0038] like Figures 7-9 As shown, it also includes connecting brackets 332 connected to both ends of each closed ring 33 segment. Fastening bolts 333 are provided between the two ends of adjacent connecting brackets 332, and gaskets fitted on the corresponding fastening bolts 333 are provided between the ends of two interconnected connecting brackets 332 to further stabilize and fix the position between the connecting brackets 332. In addition, fastening frames 331 adapted to the number of segmented parts are inserted between the sealing rings 34. Each fastening frame 331 covers the connecting connecting brackets 332 to cover and protect the gaps generated by the connection.

[0039] like Figures 7-9 As shown, it also includes a drainage pipe 35 connected to the rear closed ring 33. The end of the drainage pipe 35 is connected to a diversion pipe 36. The diversion pipe 36 has a double-head design. The end of the diversion pipe 36 is connected to the moving ring 3 to cooperate with the leaked hydraulic oil to push the telescopic ring 32 to retract and block the leakage point. The rear cover 12 is also provided with a baffle 37 for blocking the drainage pipe 35 and the diversion pipe 36.

[0040] First, before starting the hydraulic cylinder, the entire equipment needs to be inspected, including the connection status of the front oil supply pipe 111 and the rear oil supply pipe 121, the hydraulic oil level, and whether all seals and connections are tight. After confirming that everything is in order, the hydraulic cylinder can then be operated.

[0041] When the hydraulic cylinder is in extension operation, that is, when the piston rod 13 and piston end 131 are moving forward, the rear oil supply pipe 121 continuously pours hydraulic oil into the rodless chamber of the cylinder 1. The hydraulic oil then flows through the rear oil supply pipe 121 to the rear chamber 26. Subsequently, some of the hydraulic oil flows from the rear chamber 26 into the cylinder 1, while some flows into the diversion chambers 23 on both sides of the rear chamber 26. As the hydraulic oil flows, the flowing ball 25, which falls naturally due to gravity, is pushed by the hydraulic oil. The hydraulic oil filling the diversion chambers 23 forces the flowing ball 25 to float upward, causing it to abut against the end of the corresponding adjusting plug 24. Thus, the diversion chamber 23 is able to flow without being blocked by the flowing ball 25, allowing the hydraulic oil to flow through the rear chamber 26 and the diversion chambers 23 on both sides towards... The hydraulic oil flows into the rodless chamber of cylinder 1, thereby pushing the piston end 131 forward until the piston end 131 contacts the front pressure ring 2, which then squeezes and deforms the connected first elastic element 21 until the front plug 133 is inserted into the front chamber 22. This blocks the rear end space of the front chamber 22. At the same time, the hydraulic oil in the rod chamber flows into the two front split chambers 23 respectively. However, because one split chamber 23 is blocked by the flow ball 25, the hydraulic oil can only flow through the other split chamber 23 and then flow from the front end of the front chamber 22 to the front oil pipe 111, thus completing the return flow of hydraulic oil. This process reduces the flow rate of hydraulic oil, thereby slowing down the return flow rate of hydraulic oil, reducing the pressure acting on the front cover 11 seal, and playing an effective protective role.

[0042] Similarly, when the hydraulic cylinder is in retraction operation, the front oil supply pipe 111 fills the rod chamber of the cylinder 1 with oil. As with the above operation, the flow ball 25 moves upward, causing the hydraulic oil to flow from the diversion pipe 36 of the front cover 11 and the front chamber 22, thereby filling the cylinder 1 and pushing the piston rod 13 along with the piston end 131 to move backward. Similarly, the piston end 131 will contact and squeeze the pressure ring 2 on the rear side, causing the rear plug 132 to be inserted into the rear chamber 26, and then flow out through the diversion chamber 23 on one side, thus completing the return flow, thereby effectively reducing the pressure acting on the seal of the rear cover 12.

[0043] At the same time, the closing ring 33 simultaneously covers and encloses the connection between the front cover 11 and the rear cover 12, thereby protecting the connection from oil leakage. If the rear cover 12 is leaking oil, the leaked hydraulic oil flows to the drain pipe 35 and then flows into the cylinder 1 through the branch pipe 36. As the hydraulic oil accumulates, it pushes the connected moving ring 3 to move, which in turn drives the connected retaining ring 31 and telescopic ring 32 to move together. This causes the telescopic ring 32 to be squeezed and compressed, and then tightly fits the leakage point at the connection between the rear cover 12 and the cylinder 1, thereby quickly plugging the leakage at the connection and dealing with the hydraulic oil leakage situation urgently and promptly.

[0044] Example 2: Based on Example 1, such as Figure 1 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, it also includes guide blocks 4 symmetrically arranged on the cylinder 1. There are two guide blocks 4, and a shield 41 for shielding and protection slides between the two guide blocks 4. The shield 41 has an arched design, which can effectively shield the hydraulic cylinder and play a protective role.

[0045] like Figures 11-13 As shown, it also includes a hinge plate 42 hinged to the front side of the shield 41, with a protruding end on the front side of the hinge plate 42; and a connecting plate 43 is provided, with a longitudinal slot on the connecting plate 43, the protruding end of the hinge plate 42 being slidably embedded in the slot, the connecting plate 43 being slidable in the up and down direction, a fastening assembly being provided at the end of the connecting plate 43, and a fixing sleeve 44 being provided at the front end of the piston rod 13 for inserting and fixing the position of the connecting plate 43.

[0046] like Figure 13 As shown, the fastening assembly includes symmetrically sliding clamping plates 431 on the left and right sides of the end of the connecting plate 43. A second elastic element 432 is provided between the clamping plate 431 and the connecting plate 43. In this embodiment, the second elastic element 432 is a spring, which can provide the necessary elastic force for the operation of the clamping plate 431. The clamping plates 431 on both sides are respectively engaged with one side of the fixing sleeve 44, so that the shield 41 and the hydraulic cylinder can be quickly disassembled, thereby achieving more convenient assembly.

[0047] To protect the exposed surfaces of the hydraulic cylinder after installation, the shield 41 provides additional protection for the exposed surfaces of the piston rod 13 and cylinder 1. By flipping the hinge plate 42 and rotating it downwards until the hinge plate 42 abuts against the shield 41, the connecting plate 43 is pushed down and inserted into the fixing sleeve 44. The locking plates 431 are forced together, and the second elastic element 432 deforms accordingly until the locking plates 431 are snapped into both sides of the fixing sleeve 44. The second elastic element 432 then returns to its original position, thereby stabilizing the position between the shield 41 and the piston rod 13. As the piston rod 13 extends and retracts, the shield 41 will slide between the guide blocks 4 to adapt to changes in the overall extension length, thus providing more comprehensive shield protection.

[0048] like Figure 12 and Figure 14As shown, a first mounting seat 5 is detachably mounted on the front side of the front cover 11 via bolts. A multi-stage telescopic cylinder 51 is mounted on the first mounting seat 5. A second mounting seat 52 connected to the top telescopic end of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder 51 is mounted on the piston rod 13. Each telescopic cylinder of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder 51 is provided with an observation window 511 made of transparent material for observing the hydraulic oil condition inside the cylinder. The first mounting seat 5, the multi-stage telescopic cylinder 51, and the second mounting seat 52 can all be quickly disassembled and installed by simply loosening the corresponding bolts, greatly improving the flexibility and convenience of use.

[0049] Meanwhile, to ensure easy observation of the internal condition of cylinder 1, as piston rod 13 extends, multi-stage telescopic cylinders 51 will extend accordingly, exposing the observation windows 511 on each telescopic cylinder, allowing the internal condition to be viewed through the observation windows 511.

[0050] In summary, hydraulic cylinders based on multiple protection mechanisms achieve a highly efficient and stable energy conversion process through the careful coordination between various components, which not only improves work efficiency but also extends the service life of equipment. They are especially suitable for industrial applications with high requirements for reliability and durability.

[0051] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydraulic cylinder based on a multi-protection mechanism, mainly comprising a cylinder barrel (1), with a front end cover (11) and a rear end cover (12) respectively installed at the front and rear ends of the cylinder barrel (1), a front oil supply pipe (111) connected to the front end cover (11), and a rear oil supply pipe (121) connected to the rear end cover (12); a piston end (131) slides inside the cylinder barrel (1), a piston rod (13) passing through the front end cover (11) is fixedly connected to the piston end (131), and a front plug (133) and a rear plug (132) are respectively provided on the front and rear sides of the piston end (131). Its features are: Two pressure rings (2) are slidably disposed inside the cylinder (1). The two pressure rings (2) are respectively located at the front and rear of the piston end (131), and the two pressure rings (2) are respectively adjacent to the front end cover (11) and the rear end cover (12). A first elastic element (21) is connected between the front end cover (11) and the corresponding pressure ring (2) and between the rear end cover (12) and the corresponding pressure ring (2). A front chamber (22) adapted to the front plug (133) is opened on the front end cover (11). Two diversion chambers (23) extending into the inner cavity of the cylinder (1) are provided on the side of the front chamber (22). The diversion chambers (23), the front chamber (22) and the front oil pipe ( 111) The hydraulic oil is connected in sequence to form the front end delivery channel of the hydraulic oil. The rear end cover (12) is provided with a rear chamber (26) that is compatible with the rear plug (132). The side of the rear chamber (26) is provided with two diversion chambers (23) that extend to the inner cavity of the cylinder (1). The diversion chambers (23), the rear chamber (26) and the rear oil pipe (121) are connected in sequence to form the rear end delivery channel of the hydraulic oil. Each diversion chamber (23) is equipped with an adjusting plug (24). One of the diversion chambers (23) corresponding to the front chamber (22) and one of the diversion chambers (23) corresponding to the rear chamber (26) are equipped with a flow ball (25) for flow control. A movable ring (3) is provided on the front side of the rear end cover (12). The movable ring (3) is slidably disposed inside the cylinder (1). A retaining ring (31) is provided on the movable ring (3) and slides against the rear end cover (12). A telescopic ring (32) is provided on the retaining ring (31) at the connection between the cylinder (1) and the rear end cover (12). The telescopic ring (32) is used to seal the connection between the rear end cover (12) and the cylinder (1). A set of sealing rings (34) is provided on the surface of the connection between the cylinder (1) and the front end cover (11) and between the cylinder (1) and the rear end cover (12). The sealing rings (34) in the same group are located on both sides of the corresponding connection. A closed ring (33) covering the corresponding connection gap is embedded in the circumferential direction between the sealing rings (34) in the same group. The closed ring (33) is segmented to form a complete ring. There is space between the inside of the closed ring (33) and the surface of the corresponding connection part to allow for the flow and temporary storage of leaked hydraulic oil. It also includes connecting brackets (332) connected to both ends of each closed ring (33) segment, fastening bolts (333) are provided between the ends of adjacent connecting brackets (332) to fix the position between the connecting brackets (332), and fastening frames (331) adapted to the number of segments are inserted between the sealing rings (34), and each fastening frame (331) covers the connecting brackets (332) above; It also includes a drain pipe (35) connected to the rear closed ring (33), the end of the drain pipe (35) is connected to a diverter pipe (36), the end of the diverter pipe (36) is connected to the moving ring (3), which is used to cooperate with the leaked hydraulic oil to push the telescopic ring (32) to retract and block the leak point. The rear cover (12) is also provided with a baffle (37) for blocking the drain pipe (35) and the diverter pipe (36).

2. A hydraulic cylinder based on a multi-protection mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes guide blocks (4) provided on the cylinder (1), at least two guide blocks (4) are provided, and a shield (41) for shielding and protection is slidably provided between the guide blocks (4).

3. A hydraulic cylinder based on a multi-protection mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a hinge plate (42) hinged to the front side of the shield (41), with a protruding end on the front side of the hinge plate (42); and a connecting plate (43) is provided, with a longitudinal slot on the connecting plate (43), the protruding end of the hinge plate (42) being slidably embedded in the slot, a fastening assembly being provided at the end of the connecting plate (43), and a fixing sleeve (44) for inserting and fixing the position of the connecting plate (43) being provided at the front end of the piston rod (13).

4. A hydraulic cylinder based on a multi-protection mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fastening assembly includes symmetrically sliding clamping plates (431) on both sides of the end of the connecting plate (43). A second elastic element (432) is provided between the clamping plate (431) and the connecting plate (43), and the clamping plates (431) on both sides are respectively fitted with one side of the fixing sleeve (44).

5. A hydraulic cylinder based on a multi-protection mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, The front end cover (11) is detachably provided with a first mounting seat (5) by bolts. A multi-stage telescopic cylinder (51) is provided on the first mounting seat (5). A second mounting seat (52) connected to the top telescopic end of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder (51) is provided on the piston rod (13). Each telescopic cylinder of the multi-stage telescopic cylinder (51) is provided with an observation window (511) for observing the hydraulic oil inside the cylinder.

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