Ball bearing and process for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of bearing processing, and particularly relates to a ball bearing and a preparation process thereof. The bearing comprises an outer ring, an inner ring, a limiting ring and balls. The bearing is tightly packaged through a specific packaging structure. The preparation process covers the steps of outer ring and inner ring processing, ball manufacturing, limiting ring processing and assembly lubrication. In the assembly process, an automatic assembly device is adopted to realize automatic injection of low-friction lubricating grease and precise installation of a closed ring. The device improves assembly efficiency and ensures the internal cleanliness and lubrication effect of the bearing through the synergistic effect of a turnover structure, an oil injection structure and an installation structure. The patent effectively solves the problems of low efficiency and easy pollution in the traditional assembly process, improves the performance and service life of the ball bearing, and is suitable for high-precision transmission fields such as hollow cup motors.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bearing processing, in particular to a ball bearing and a preparation process thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of modern industry, hollow cup motors are widely used in the fields of aerospace, medical devices, precision instruments and the like due to their advantages of high efficiency, energy saving, small size and the like. Meanwhile, industrial robots and high-speed motor trains as representatives of high-end equipment put forward higher requirements on the performance of core components. As a key component of hollow cup motors, industrial robot joints and high-speed motor train transmission systems, the performance of ball bearings directly affects the running stability, precision and service life of equipment.

[0003] In the assembly process of traditional ball bearings, the injection of lubricating grease and the installation of a sealing ring often need to be manually operated, which is not only low in efficiency, but also difficult to ensure the cleanliness during assembly, which is easy to cause impurities to enter the inside of the bearing and affect the performance of the bearing. In addition, uneven injection of lubricating grease or inaccurate installation of the sealing ring will reduce the lubrication effect and sealing performance of the bearing, and thus shorten the service life of the bearing.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the assembly efficiency and quality of the ball bearing, ensure uniform injection of lubricating grease and accurate installation of the sealing ring has become a problem to be solved. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to solve the problems of low assembly efficiency, poor assembly quality, easy entry of impurities into the inside of the bearing during assembly, uneven injection of lubricating grease and inaccurate installation of the sealing ring, and provides a ball bearing and a preparation process thereof.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application adopts the following technical scheme:

[0007] A ball bearing, comprising an outer ring and an inner ring, the inner ring is coaxially arranged in the outer ring,

[0008] A limiting ring is arranged between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the three are coaxial;

[0009] The limiting ring is provided with a plurality of installation grooves, and a ball is arranged in each installation groove in a rolling manner;

[0010] The inner wall of the outer ring and the outer wall of the inner ring are both provided with an arc-shaped groove for giving way to the ball;

[0011] The top and bottom of the outer ring are respectively provided with a first annular groove, and the top and bottom of the inner ring are respectively provided with a third annular groove;

[0012] The packaging structure comprises a sealing ring, the sealing ring is embedded in the first annular groove and the third annular groove, and the gap between the outer ring and the inner ring is sealed.

[0013] The bottom of the closed ring is fixed with two concentric fixed rings, and the top of the limiting ring extends into the fixed ring, and the two fixed rings are respectively sleeved on the inner wall and the outer wall of the limiting ring;

[0014] The opposite side of the two fixed rings is fixed with a rubber ring, and the inner wall and the outer wall of the limiting ring are provided with a second annular groove, and the rubber ring is in interference fit with the second annular groove, so that the closed ring is clamped on the limiting ring.

[0015] In a possible design, the closed ring clamps the limiting ring through the fixed ring, and the rubber ring extrudes the second annular groove to form radial locking.

[0016] In a possible design, the limiting ring is formed by stamping PEEK+ceramic fiber.

[0017] A ball bearing preparation process is used to prepare the ball bearing, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1, processing the outer ring and the inner ring: forging forming → quenching (850-900℃) and tempering (150-200℃) → grinding to micron level precision;

[0019] S2, manufacturing the ball: cold upsetting forming → precision grinding after quenching to surface roughness Ra<0.1μm and roundness error <0.25μm;

[0020] S3, stamping the limiting ring;

[0021] S4, assembling in a clean room: injecting lubricating grease into the ball bearing through an assembly device, and installing the closed ring to complete the packaging.

[0022] In a possible design, the assembly device includes a bottom plate, a conveying belt, a turnover structure, an oil injection structure, and two mounting structures;

[0023] The conveying belt penetrates through the turnover structure, the oil injection structure, and the two mounting structures, and the turnover structure and the oil injection structure are located between the two mounting structures;

[0024] The mounting structure is used to mount the closed ring, the oil injection structure is used to inject lubricating grease, and the turnover structure is used to turn over the ball bearing.

[0025] In a possible design, the mounting structure includes two first mounting frames, a rotating shaft, a bearing plate, and a fixed cross plate;

[0026] The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to a sliding block through a damping bearing, and the sliding block is slidingly arranged in a strip-shaped groove of the first mounting frame;

[0027] The bearing plate is fixed to the rotating shaft, and the bottom is provided with a vacuum suction cup to adsorb the closed ring;

[0028] The rotating shaft is fixedly connected with two first gears, and a first mounting frame is fixedly connected with a first rack engaged with the first gears;

[0029] The threaded rod drives the sliding block to lift, drives the rotating shaft to rotate and drives the bearing plate to overturn to install the closed ring.

[0030] In a possible design, the oil injection structure comprises a lifting plate and a discharge box;

[0031] The bottom of the lifting plate is rotationally connected with a ball screw, and the bottom end of the ball screw is fixedly connected with a rubber wheel, and the outer wall of the rubber wheel is arc-shaped to position the inner ring;

[0032] The pressing plate is embedded with a screw nut matched with the ball screw;

[0033] When the pressing plate moves upwards, the screw nut drives the ball screw to rotate, and the rubber wheel rotates by friction with the inner ring to make the lubricating grease uniformly penetrate.

[0034] In a possible design, the discharge box is sealed with a sliding piston plate, and the top of the piston plate is fixedly connected with the piston rod of an electric push rod;

[0035] The pressing plate is fixedly connected with a vertical rod;

[0036] The piston rod of the second electric push rod is extended to press down the piston plate, and the lubricating grease is injected into the inner side and the outer side of the limiting ring through the injection nozzle.

[0037] In a possible design, the surface turning structure comprises a turnover plate and an annular electromagnet;

[0038] After the annular electromagnet attracts the ball bearing, the turnover plate is rotated by 180° to an inclined position, the ball bearing is released to the conveying belt to complete the surface turning after being powered off.

[0039] Beneficial effects: in the application, the discharge box is sealed with two vertical rods penetrating through, the bottom ends of the two vertical rods are fixedly connected with the same pressing plate, the discharge box is sealingly and slidably connected with a piston plate, the top of the piston plate is fixedly connected with the piston rod of an electric push rod, the whole discharge box is moved downward, the pressing plate presses the top of the inner and outer rings of the ball bearing, the pressing plate moves upward relative to the discharge box under the action of the outer ring, the piston rod of the second electric push rod is extended to move the piston plate downward, the lubricating grease in the discharge box is injected into the ball bearing, the injection of the lubricating grease is automatically completed, the efficiency of the installation of the ball bearing is greatly improved, and foreign matters are prevented from entering the inside of the ball bearing during the installation process;

[0040] In the application, the bottom of the lifting plate is rotationally connected with a ball screw, the bottom end of the ball screw is fixed with a rubber wheel, and the pressing plate is internally fixed with a screw nut; the rubber wheel moves downward into the inner ring of the ball bearing, and since the outer wall of the rubber wheel is arc-shaped, the rubber wheel can position the ball bearing when moving downward into the inner ring; in addition, when the pressing plate moves upward relative to the discharge box, the screw nut cooperates with the ball screw to drive the ball screw and the rubber wheel to rotate, the friction between the rubber wheel and the inner wall of the inner ring drives the inner ring to rotate, and thus the injected lubricating grease can be fully immersed between the outer ring and the inner ring.

[0041] In the application, the top end of the moving plate is fixed with a first trapezoidal plate, one end of the first trapezoidal plate slides through the vertical plate, the bottom of the fixed horizontal plate is slidably connected with a second trapezoidal plate, and the second trapezoidal plate is fixed on one side of the moving plate close to the vertical plate; the bearing plate and the rotating shaft move upward, the cooperation of the first gear and the first rack drives the bearing plate to rotate by 180°, the cooperation of the bearing plate and the inclined surface of the second trapezoidal plate pushes the moving plate to move outward and releases the limiting of the first trapezoidal plate on the lowermost closed ring, the vacuum chuck completes the adsorption of the closed ring, then the bearing plate drives the closed ring to move downward, the first trapezoidal plate is reset under the pushing of the first spring, and the first trapezoidal plate limits the second last closed ring, so that the closed ring is grabbed, and the operation is simple; the feeding and installation of the closed ring can be automatically completed through the upward and downward movement of the sliding block, and the installation efficiency of the closed ring is greatly improved.

[0042] In the application, when the discharge box moves downward, the pressing plate presses the outer ring of the ball bearing and moves upward, a series of transmissions make the piston plate move downward, and the lubricating grease is automatically injected into the bearing, so that the installation efficiency is improved and impurities are prevented from entering; the rubber wheel is positioned by moving downward, the pressing plate moves upward, the screw nut cooperates with the ball screw to make the rubber wheel rotate, the inner ring is driven to rotate, and the lubricating grease is fully immersed between the outer ring and the inner ring. In the closed ring installation aspect, the bearing plate and the rotating shaft move upward, the cooperation of the gear and the rack makes the bearing plate rotate, the cooperation of the bearing plate and the inclined surface of the second trapezoidal plate pushes the moving plate to move, the limiting of the first trapezoidal plate on the lowermost closed ring is released, the vacuum chuck adsorbs the closed ring, the first trapezoidal plate is reset to limit the second last closed ring when the bearing plate moves downward, the closed ring is grabbed, and the feeding and installation can be automatically completed through the upward and downward movement of the sliding block, so that the installation efficiency of the closed ring is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structure diagram of a ball bearing provided by the application;

[0044] Figure 2 A three-dimensional explosion structure diagram of a ball bearing provided by the application;

[0045] Figure 3A partial cross-sectional structural schematic view of an outer ring, an inner ring and a limiting ring of a ball bearing provided by the present application;

[0046] Figure 4 A partial three-dimensional cross-sectional exploded structural schematic view of a closing ring, a limiting ring and a fixing ring of a ball bearing provided by the present application;

[0047] Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a ball bearing preparation process provided by the present application;

[0048] Figure 6 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a first mounting frame and a fixing horizontal plate of a ball bearing preparation process provided by the present application;

[0049] Figure 7 A three-dimensional exploded structural schematic view of a bearing plate, a vacuum chuck and a sliding block of a ball bearing preparation process provided by the present application;

[0050] Figure 8 A three-dimensional exploded structural schematic view of an L-shaped rod, a first gear and a rotating shaft of a ball bearing preparation process provided by the present application;

[0051] Figure 9 A three-dimensional exploded structural schematic view of a fixing horizontal plate, a bearing plate and a closing ring of a ball bearing preparation process provided by the present application;

[0052] Figure 10 A cross-sectional structural view of a vertical plate and a fixing horizontal plate of a ball bearing preparation process provided by the present application and a structural schematic view of a moving plate and a first trapezoidal plate;

[0053] Figure 11 A three-dimensional exploded structural schematic view of a turnover plate and a ring-shaped electromagnet of a ball bearing preparation process provided by the present application;

[0054] Figure 12 A three-dimensional structural schematic view of a third mounting frame, a lifting plate and a discharging box of a ball bearing preparation process provided by the present application;

[0055] Figure 13 A Figure 12 A schematic view from another perspective;

[0056] Figure 14 A Figure 12 A side view;

[0057] Figure 15 A Figure 14 A cross-sectional view of part A.

[0058] In the diagram: 1. Outer ring; 2. Inner ring; 3. Arc groove; 4. Limiting ring; 5. Ball bearing; 6. First annular groove; 7. Closing ring; 8. Fixing ring; 9. Rubber ring; 10. Second annular groove; 11. Mounting groove; 12. Third annular groove; 13. Base plate; 14. Conveyor belt; 15. First mounting bracket; 16. Strip groove; 17. Sliding block; 18. Damping shaft; 19. Rotating shaft; 20. Bearing plate; 21. Vacuum suction cup; 22. Threaded rod; 23. First gear; 24. First rack; 25. L-shaped rod; 26. Limiting plate; 27. Rotating wheel; 28. Fixing horizontal plate; 29. ​​Vertical plate 30. Moving groove; 31. Moving plate; 32. First spring; 33. First trapezoidal plate; 34. Second trapezoidal plate; 35. Second mounting bracket; 36. Rotating rod; 37. Flipping plate; 38. Ring electromagnet; 39. Third mounting bracket; 40. Lifting plate; 41. Electric push rod No. 1; 42. Discharge box; 43. Piston plate; 44. Injection nozzle; 45. Vertical rod; 46. Second spring; 47. Pressing plate; 48. Second rack; 49. Drive shaft; 50. One-way bearing; 51. Electric push rod No. 2; 52. Third rack; 53. Ball screw; 54. Rubber wheel; 55. Screw nut. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0060] In one embodiment: Refer to Figures 1-4 This invention relates to the field of bearing processing technology, specifically ball bearings, comprising an outer ring 1 and an inner ring 2, with the inner ring 2 located within the outer ring 1. A retaining ring 4 is provided between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 (the retaining ring 4 is made of a composite material formed by combining polyetheretherketone (PEEK) resin and glass fiber reinforcement; additionally, the outer ring 1 is coated with a diamond-like carbon (DLC) film to reduce the coefficient of friction of the balls 5), and the outer ring 1, inner ring 2, and retaining ring 4 are coaxial. The retaining ring 4 has multiple mounting grooves 11, each containing a rolling ball 5. Both the inner wall of the outer ring 1 and the outer wall of the inner ring 2 have arc-shaped grooves 3 to allow space for the balls 5.

[0061] Reference Figures 2-4 In order to encapsulate the retaining ring 4 and the ball 5 between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2, encapsulation structures are provided at the top and bottom of both the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2. The encapsulation structure includes a first annular groove 6 provided at the top of the outer ring 1 and a third annular groove 12 provided at the top of the inner ring 2.

[0062] Reference Figures 2-4The packaging structure further comprises a closing ring 7 which is clamped into the first annular groove 6 and the third annular groove 12, and is used for closing the gap between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2. The bottom of the closing ring 7 is fixed with two concentric fixing rings 8, the top of the limiting ring 4 extends into the fixing ring 8, and the two fixing rings 8 are used for limiting the limiting ring 4. The side of the two fixing rings 8 close to each other is fixed with a rubber ring 9 (where a stainless steel spring sheet (such as a wave spring, not shown in the figure) is arranged on the inner side of the rubber ring 9, forming elastic + rigid double locking, so that the rubber ring 9 can be clamped into the second annular groove 10, increasing the stability of the closing ring 7 and the limiting ring 4), and the inner wall and the outer wall of the limiting ring 4 are provided with the second annular groove 10, and the rubber ring 9 cooperates with the adjacent second annular groove 10, which is used for clamping the closing ring 7 on the limiting ring 4.

[0063] In specific implementation, the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 are prepared through steps such as forging forming, heat treatment and grinding processing. The limiting ring 4 is prepared by stamping forming, and a lightweight material such as PEEK + ceramic fiber is used as the material to reduce inertia and adapt to high-speed operation. The ball 5 is prepared through steps such as cold heading, hardening and fine grinding to ensure that the surface roughness and roundness error meet the requirements.

[0064] The ball bearing preparation process is used for preparing the ball bearing, and the process comprises the following steps:

[0065] S1, processing of the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2;

[0066] S11, forging forming: the metal material is forged into a shape to eliminate metal defects and improve material density.

[0067] S12, heat treatment: quenching treatment is performed under inert gas protection, the temperature is controlled at 850-900℃, and then tempering treatment is performed, the temperature is controlled at 150-200℃, and the hardness and toughness are optimized.

[0068] S13, grinding processing: through multiple grinding processes, such as outer diameter grinding of the outer ring 1 and inner diameter grinding of the inner ring 2, micron-level precision is achieved.

[0069] S2, manufacturing of the ball 5

[0070] S21, cold heading: the metal wire is cold headed into a near-net spherical shape, and then polished to remove surface burrs.

[0071] S22, hardening and fine grinding: quenching treatment is performed under inert gas protection, and then fine grinding is performed, the surface roughness is controlled at Ra<0.1μm, and the roundness error is controlled at <0.25μm.

[0072] S3, processing of the limiting ring 4

[0073] S31, Stamping forming: Stamping forming with lightweight materials such as PA66+glass fiber, reducing inertia, adapting to high-speed operation.

[0074] S4, Assembly and lubrication

[0075] S41, Assembly: Assembly in a clean room, filling of low-friction grease (such as polyurea-based grease) through an assembly device, and packaging of the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 by installing the closure ring 7.

[0076] Among them, the hollow cup motor uses a super lightweight PEEK+ceramic fiber composite material to manufacture the limiting ring, combined with the surface plating of diamond-like carbon film (DLC) technology, to reduce the friction coefficient to below 0.05, adapting to the high speed (≥50,000 rpm) requirement of the micro motor.

[0077] Industrial robot bearing: Choose equal-section thin-wall bearing or cross-roller bearing structure, the inner ring and the outer ring are designed by multi-objective optimization, considering the rated dynamic load, stiffness (axial stiffness ≥1800N / μm) and friction torque control, meeting the P2-P5 level precision requirement.

[0078] High-speed EMU bearing: GCr18Mo steel grade, three times gradient tempering (160-180℃→200-220℃→180-200℃) and electromagnetic stirring continuous casting process, ensure surface hardness HRC60-64, core hardness HRC35-42, and control non-metallic inclusions (class A ≤1.5 level, class B ≤1.0 level), adapt to the anti-micro spalling requirement under the working condition of 350 km / h speed.

[0079] Referring to Figures 8-14 , the assembly device includes a bottom plate 13 and a conveyor belt 14 installed on the top of the outer ring 1. The top of the bottom plate 13 is provided with a turnover structure, an oil injection structure and two mounting structures. The conveyor belt 14 penetrates the turnover structure, the oil injection structure and the two mounting structures in turn, and the turnover structure and the oil injection structure are located between the two mounting structures.

[0080] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the mounting structure is used to install the closure ring 7 on the two faces of the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2, and to package the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 and the low-friction grease injected inside. The mounting structure includes two first mounting frames 15 and a bearing plate 20 arranged between the two first mounting frames 15 and a fixed cross plate 28.

[0081] Referring to Figures 5-8The overturning structure further comprises two strip-shaped grooves 16 arranged in the two first mounting frames 15 respectively. A sliding block 17 is slidably connected in each of the two strip-shaped grooves 16, and a same rotating shaft 19 is rotatably arranged in the two sliding blocks 17. The outer wall of the rotating shaft 19 is fixed with two damping rotating shafts 18 arranged in the two sliding blocks 17 respectively, so as to avoid the rotation of the rotating shaft 19 without external force. A bearing plate 20 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 19, and a plurality of vacuum suction cups 21 are fixed to the bottom of the bearing plate 20, so as to adsorb the closed ring 7. The outer wall of the rotating shaft 19 is fixedly sleeved with two first gears 23, and the side of each of the two first mounting frames 15 close to each other is fixed with a first gear rack 24, and the first gear rack 24 is engaged with the corresponding first gear 23, so as to drive the rotating shaft 19 to rotate when the rotating shaft 19 is lifted and lowered. The side of one of the first mounting frames 15 is rotatably connected with a threaded rod 22 through a base, and the threaded rod 22 is threadedly connected with the adjacent sliding block 17, so as to drive the rotating shaft 19 to lift and lower.

[0082] With reference to Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the fixed transverse plate 28 is fixed between the two first mounting frames 15, and a plurality of vertical plates 29 are fixed to the top of the fixed transverse plate 28, which are used to limit the plurality of closed rings 7 placed in a stacked manner on the top of the fixed transverse plate 28. The side of each of the two first mounting frames 15 close to each other is rotatably connected with a rotating wheel 27 through a base, which is used to limit the ball bearing. The side of each of the two sliding blocks 17 close to each other is fixed with an L-shaped rod 25, and the bottom of each of the two L-shaped rods 25 is fixed with a same limiting plate 26, which is used to limit the ball bearing conveyed by the conveying belt 14. The limiting plate 26 and the two rotating wheels 27 are used to position the ball bearing, which is convenient for the installation of the closed ring 7 in the later period.

[0083] With reference to Figure 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10The fixed horizontal plate 28 is internally provided with a plurality of loading structures for grabbing the closed ring 7 placed on the fixed horizontal plate 28 after the turnover of the bearing plate 20. The loading structure comprises a moving groove 30 arranged in the fixed horizontal plate 28 and a moving plate 31 sliding in the moving groove 30. The top end of the moving plate 31 is fixed with a first trapezoidal plate 33, one end of the first trapezoidal plate 33 slidingly penetrates the vertical plate 29 and limits the closed ring 7 located at the lowermost position. The bottom of the fixed horizontal plate 28 is slidingly connected with a second trapezoidal plate 34, and the second trapezoidal plate 34 is fixed on one side of the moving plate 31 close to the vertical plate 29. The bearing plate 20 cooperates with the second trapezoidal plate 34 to drive the moving plate 31 and the first trapezoidal plate 33 to move, thereby releasing the limitation of the closed ring 7 located at the lowermost position. The side of the moving plate 31 away from the second trapezoidal plate 34 is fixed with a first spring 32 through a spring seat, one end of the first spring 32 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of one side of the moving groove 30 through a spring seat, for driving the first trapezoidal plate 33 to reset and limit the corresponding closed ring 7.

[0084] In specific implementation, the threaded rod 22 is driven to rotate by the motor, and the threaded rod 22 drives the rotating shaft 19 and the bearing plate 20 to move downward as a whole through the sliding cooperation of the strip-shaped groove 16 and the sliding block 17. The bearing plate 20 drives the closed ring 7 previously adsorbed by the vacuum suction cup 21 to move downward until the closed ring 7 is installed into the corresponding first annular groove 6 and third annular groove 12, and the two fixed rings 8 clamp and limit the limiting ring 4, and the two rubber rings 9 are respectively clamped into the corresponding second annular groove 10 to clamp the closed ring 7 and the limiting ring 4, thereby preliminarily completing the installation of one closed ring 7.

[0085] The threaded rod 22 is reversely rotated to drive the bearing plate 20 and the rotating shaft 19 to move upwards, the first gear 23 is engaged with the first rack 24 to drive the bearing plate 20 and the rotating shaft 19 to rotate 180°, and then the first gear 23 is disengaged from the first rack 24. The damping rotating shaft 18 can keep the rotating shaft 19 in a stationary state without external driving. With the upward movement of the bearing plate 20, the bearing plate 20 is engaged with the inclined surface of the second trapezoidal plate 34 to drive the moving plate 31 to move outward and press the first spring 32. The moving plate 31 drives the first trapezoidal plate 33 to move outward, thereby releasing the limiting of the lowermost closed ring 7. After the closed ring 7 moves downward by a distance, the closed ring 7 is in contact with the vacuum chuck 21, and the vacuum chuck 21 completes the adsorption of the closed ring 7. Then the bearing plate 20 drives the closed ring 7 to move downward, and when the lowermost closed ring 7 moves below the first trapezoidal plate 33, the bearing plate 20 is also disengaged from the pushing of the second trapezoidal plate 34. The first trapezoidal plate 33 is reset under the pushing of the first spring 32, and the first trapezoidal plate 33 limits the second-to-last closed ring 7. At this time, the closed ring 7 is completed to be grabbed, which is convenient for reinstallation in the later period. Then the bearing plate 20 moves downward and is reset and turned over under the cooperation of the first rack 24 and the first gear 23, until it moves to the initial position. The operation is simple, and the material taking and installation of the closed ring 7 can be automatically completed through the upward and downward movement of the sliding block 17, which greatly improves the installation efficiency of the closed ring 7.

[0086] With reference to Figure 5 and Figure 11 , the turning structure is used to turn over one closed ring 7 after the ball bearing is installed, so as to facilitate the injection of low-friction grease and the installation of the other closed ring 7 on the other surface. The turning structure comprises two second mounting frames 35 fixed on the top of the bottom plate 13 and a turning plate 37 arranged between the two second mounting frames 35.

[0087] With reference to Figure 5 and Figure 11 , the turning structure further comprises a rotating rod 36 rotating between the two second mounting frames 35, and the turning plate 37 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating rod 36. The bottom of the turning plate 37 is fixedly embedded with a ring-shaped electromagnet 38 for adsorbing and turning over the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2, wherein a local position in the outer ring 1 is designed to be embeddedly mounted with a magnetically conductive alloy block (such as 430 stainless steel) for iron adsorption of the ring-shaped electromagnet 38.

[0088] In specific implementation, the conveying belt 14 conveys the ball bearing to the lower side of the turnover plate 37, the annular electromagnet 38 is powered at this time, the annular electromagnet 38 generates magnetic attraction force on the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 in the ball bearing. The motor drives the rotating rod 36 and the turnover plate 37 to rotate until the side after the turnover of the turnover plate 37 abuts against the top of the conveying belt 14, at this time, the turnover plate 37 is arranged in an inclined manner. The annular electromagnet 38 is powered off to remove the magnetic attraction force on the ball bearing, the ball bearing slides to the conveying belt 14 under the action of the inclined surface of the turnover plate 37, at this time, the turnover of the ball bearing is completed, which facilitates the injection of lubricating grease into the ball bearing in the later stage and facilitates the installation of the sealing ring 7 on the other side of the ball bearing.

[0089] Referring to Figure 5 and Figure 12 , the oil injection structure is used to inject low-friction lubricating grease into the gap between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 after the ball bearing is installed with one sealing ring 7 and turned over. The oil injection structure comprises two third mounting frames 39 fixed on the top of the bottom plate 13 and a lifting plate 40 sliding in the third mounting frame 39, a discharge box 42 fixed on the top of the lifting plate 40.

[0090] Referring to Figures 12-15 , the oil injection structure further comprises two first electric push rods 41 fixed on the top of the bottom plate 13, the output shafts of the two first electric push rods 41 are fixedly connected with the bottom of the lifting plate 40, and the first electric push rods 41 are used to drive the lifting plate 40 to ascend and descend. The bottom of the discharge box 42 is fixedly connected with a plurality of groups of oil injection structures, the oil injection structure comprises two injection nozzles 44, and the two injection nozzles 44 are used to inject low-friction lubricating grease into the inner and outer positions of the limiting ring 4, respectively. Vertical rods 45 are slidingly penetrated through the two sides of the lifting plate 40, the bottom ends of the two vertical rods 45 extend to the lower side of the lifting plate 40 and are fixed with the same pressing plate 47 through the extension plate 52, and the pressing plate 47 is used to press the outer ring 1 in the ball bearing. Two second springs 46 are abutted between the top of the extension plate 52 and the bottom of the lifting plate 40 through the spring seat, and the second springs 46 are sleeved on the outer wall of the vertical rod 45, and are used to reset the pressing plate 47. A piston plate 43 is sealingly and slidingly connected in the discharge box 42, at least two mounting seats 48 are fixedly installed on the top of the discharge box 42, a mounting plate 49 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting seat 48, a second electric push rod 51 is fixedly installed on the top of the mounting plate 49, the piston rod of the second electric push rod 51 penetrates through the mounting plate 49 and the discharge box 42, and the top of the piston plate 43 is fixedly connected with the piston rod of the electric push rod 51. The piston rod of the second electric push rod 51 is extended to drive the piston plate 43 to move downward to extrude the low-friction lubricating grease in the discharge box 42.

[0091] In specific implementation, the first electric push rod 41 drives the discharge box 42 to move downward as a whole through the lifting plate 40, and the rubber wheel 54 moves downward to the inner ring 2 in the ball bearing. Since the outer wall of the rubber wheel 54 is arc-shaped, the rubber wheel 54 can position the ball bearing when it moves downward to extend into the inner ring 2. The first electric push rod 41 drives the discharge box 42 to continue to move downward, and the pressing plate 47 presses the top of the outer ring 1 in the ball bearing. Then the lifting plate 40 drives the discharge box 42 to move downward again, the pressing plate 47 moves relative to the discharge box 42 under the action of the outer ring 1, and the vertical rod 45 moves upward relative to the discharge box 42. The piston rod of the second electric push rod 51 extends to push the piston plate 43, and the lubricating grease in the discharge box 42 is injected into the gap between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 through the injection nozzle 44. And the adjacent two injection nozzles 44 are located on the inner side and the outer side of the limiting ring 4, so that the lubricating grease can be uniformly injected into the ball bearing.

[0092] With reference to Figure 13 and Figure 15 , the bottom of the lifting plate 40 is rotationally connected with the ball screw 53, the bottom end of the ball screw 53 penetrates the pressing plate 47 and is detachably fixed with the rubber wheel 54, different thicknesses of the rubber wheel 54 can be replaced according to the thickness of the bearing, and the outer wall of the rubber wheel 54 abuts against the inner wall of the inner ring 2 of the ball bearing to drive the inner ring 2 to rotate. The pressing plate 47 is fixed with the screw nut 55, and the screw nut 55 cooperates with the ball screw 53 to drive the ball screw 53 and the rubber wheel 54 to rotate when the pressing plate 47 moves upward relative to the ball screw 53. The outer wall of the rubber wheel 54 is arc-shaped to position the inner ring 2 when the lifting plate 40 drives the rubber wheel 54 to move downward to extend into the inner ring 2.

[0093] In specific implementation, the first electric push rod 41 drives the discharge box 42 to move downward as a whole through the lifting plate 40, and the rubber wheel 54 moves downward to the inner ring 2 in the ball bearing. Since the outer wall of the rubber wheel 54 is arc-shaped, the rubber wheel 54 can position the ball bearing when it moves downward to extend into the inner ring 2. In addition, when the pressing plate 47 moves upward relative to the discharge box 42, the screw nut 55 cooperates with the ball screw 53 to drive the ball screw 53 and the rubber wheel 54 to rotate. The friction between the rubber wheel 54 and the inner wall of the inner ring 2 drives the inner ring 2 to rotate, so that the injected lubricating grease can be fully immersed between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2.

[0094] In another embodiment, with reference to Figure 15 , the injection pipe 50 with a cover is installed on one side of the discharge box 42. By opening the cover of the injection pipe 50, the lubricating grease can be injected into the discharge box 42 through the injection pipe 52, which is convenient for later use.

[0095] The method for using the assembling device comprises the following steps:

[0096] S1, the assembled ball bearing is placed on the conveying belt 14, the conveying belt 14 conveys it to one side, and the installation of one of the closed rings 7 of the ball bearing, the overturning of the ball bearing, the injection of the lubricating grease and the installation of the other closed ring 7 are sequentially completed during the conveying process;

[0097] S2, when one of the closed rings 7 is installed, the conveying belt 14 conveys the ball bearing to between the two first mounting frames 15, and the limiting plate 26 and the two rotating wheels 27 limit it to be located directly below the bearing plate 20, the threaded rod 22 is driven to rotate by the motor, the threaded rod 22 drives the rotating shaft 19 and the bearing plate 20 to move downward as a whole through the sliding cooperation of the strip-shaped groove 16 and the sliding block 17, the bearing plate 20 drives the previously adsorbed closed ring 7 to move downward through the vacuum suction cup 21, until the closed ring 7 is installed into the corresponding first annular groove 6 and third annular groove 12, and the two fixed rings 8 clamp and limit the limiting ring 4, the two rubber rings 9 are respectively clamped into the corresponding second annular groove 10 to clamp and fix the closed ring 7 and the limiting ring 4, and the installation of one of the closed rings 7 is preliminarily completed, then the threaded rod 22 is reversely rotated to drive the bearing plate 20 and the rotating shaft 19 to move upward, the bearing plate 20 and the rotating shaft 19 are driven to rotate 180° by the cooperation of the first gear 23 and the first rack 24, then the first gear 23 and the first rack 24 are disengaged, and the rotating shaft 19 can remain in a stationary state without external driving due to the setting of the damping rotating shaft 18, with the upward movement of the bearing plate 20, the bearing plate 20 cooperates with the inclined surface of the second trapezoidal plate 34 to push the moving plate 31 to move outward and press the first spring 32, the moving plate 31 drives the first trapezoidal plate 33 to move outward, and the limiting of the closed ring 7 located at the lowermost position is released, the closed ring 7 moves downward by a certain distance and touches the vacuum suction cup 21, the vacuum suction cup 21 completes the adsorption of the closed ring 7, then the bearing plate 20 drives the closed ring 7 to move downward, when the closed ring 7 located at the lowermost position moves to below the first trapezoidal plate 33, the bearing plate 20 also disengages the pushing of the second trapezoidal plate 34, the first trapezoidal plate 33 resets under the pushing of the first spring 32, and the first trapezoidal plate 33 limits the second last closed ring 7, at this time, the closed ring 7 is completed to be grabbed, which is convenient for reinstallation in the later period, and then the bearing plate 20 moves downward and resets and overturns under the cooperation of the first rack 24 and the first gear 23, until it moves to the initial position, the operation is simple, the taking and installation of the closed ring 7 can be automatically completed through the upward and downward movement of the sliding block 17, and the installation efficiency of the closed ring 7 is greatly improved;

[0098] S3, when one of the closed ring 7 of the ball bearing is installed, the conveying belt 14 will be transported to the lower side of the turnover plate 37, the annular electromagnet 38 is energized at this time, the annular electromagnet 38 produces magnetic attraction force to the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 in the ball bearing, through the motor drive rotating rod 36 and the turnover plate 37 rotation, until the turnover plate 37 after the side of the turnover abuts the top of the conveying belt 14, at this time the turnover plate 37 is inclined to set, the annular electromagnet 38 is de-energized to remove the magnetic attraction force of the ball bearing, the ball bearing slides to the conveying belt 14 under the slope of the turnover plate 37, at this time the turnover of the ball bearing is completed, not only convenient for the later injection of the lubricating grease in the ball bearing, but also convenient for the installation of the other side of the ball bearing closed ring 7;

[0099] S4, the conveying belt 14 will be transported to the lower side of the discharge box 42 after the turnover of the ball bearing, the first electric push rod 41 drives the discharge box 42 to move down as a whole through the lifting plate 40, the rubber wheel 54 moves down to the inner ring 2 in the ball bearing, because the outer wall of the rubber wheel 54 is arc-shaped, so the rubber wheel 54 can position the ball bearing when it extends to the inner ring 2, the first electric push rod 41 drives the discharge box 42 to continue to move down (in this process, the rubber wheel 54 is continuously moving down, the rubber wheel 54 and the inner ring 2 can move relative to the longitudinal displacement, and the thickness of the rubber wheel 54 is less than the thickness of the inner ring 2), the pressing plate 47 presses the top of the outer ring 1 in the ball bearing, and then the lifting plate 40 drives the discharge box 42 to move down again, the pressing plate 47 moves relative to the discharge box 42 under the action of the outer ring 1, the vertical rod 45 moves up relative to the discharge box 42 and compresses the second spring 46, at this time the second electric push rod 51 can be started, the piston rod of the second electric push rod 51 extends to push the piston plate 43 to move down, the piston plate 43 injects the lubricating grease in the discharge box 42 into the gap between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2 through the injection nozzle 44, and the adjacent two injection nozzles 44 are located on the inner side and the outer side of the limiting ring 4, so that the ball bearing can be uniformly injected with lubricating grease, in addition, when the pressing plate 47 moves up relative to the discharge box 42, the ball screw 53 is driven to rotate by the cooperation of the ball screw nut 55 and the ball screw 53, the friction force between the rubber wheel 54 and the inner wall of the inner ring 2 drives the inner ring 2 to rotate, so that the injected lubricating grease can be fully immersed between the outer ring 1 and the inner ring 2; then the first electric push rod 41 drives the lifting plate 40 and the discharge box 42 to move up and reset, and the pressing plate 47 resets under the action of the second spring 46;

[0100] S5, after the lubricating grease injection of the ball bearing is completed, the conveying belt 14 will be transported to the lower side of the left bearing plate 20, the installation of the other closed ring 7 of the ball bearing is completed, the lubricating grease in the ball bearing is encapsulated, and the dust in the outside is prevented from entering the inside of the ball bearing;

[0101] S6. When it is necessary to inject grease into the discharge box 42, open the cover of the injection pipe 50, so that grease can be injected into the discharge box 42 through the injection pipe 52 for later use.

[0102] However, as is well known to those skilled in the art, the working principle and wiring method of the toroidal electromagnet 38 are commonplace and are all conventional methods or common knowledge. They will not be elaborated here. Those skilled in the art can make any selections according to their needs or convenience.

[0103] The accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative purposes only. The dimensions and shapes of the components shown are not actual limitations but are merely schematic representations. In actual implementation, the components can be reasonably configured and adjusted according to specific needs and actual conditions.

[0104] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A ball bearing manufacturing process, used to manufacture ball bearings, the ball bearing comprising an outer ring and an inner ring, the inner ring being coaxially disposed within the outer ring, characterized in that: A limiting ring is provided between the outer ring and the inner ring, and the three are coaxial; The limiting ring has multiple mounting slots, and each mounting slot is equipped with rolling balls. Both the inner wall of the outer ring and the outer wall of the inner ring are provided with arc-shaped grooves to allow space for the balls. The top and bottom of the outer ring are respectively provided with a first annular groove, and the top and bottom of the inner ring are respectively provided with a third annular groove. The encapsulation structure includes a sealing ring, which is embedded in a first annular groove and a third annular groove to seal the gap between the outer ring and the inner ring; The bottom of the closed ring is fixed with two concentric fixed rings, the top of the limiting ring extends into the fixed ring, and the two fixed rings are respectively sleeved on the inner wall and outer wall of the limiting ring. Two fixed rings are fixed to opposite sides with rubber rings. A second annular groove is formed on both the inner and outer walls of the limiting ring. The rubber ring is interference-fitted with the second annular groove to engage the closing ring with the limiting ring. The closing ring clamps the limiting ring through the fixed rings, and the rubber ring compresses the second annular groove to form a radial lock. The limiting ring is made of PEEK + ceramic fiber stamping. The feature is that it includes the following steps: S1. Machining the outer and inner rings: Forging → Quenching and tempering → Grinding to micron-level precision, with a quenching temperature range of 850-900℃ and a tempering temperature range of 150-200℃. S2. Manufacturing ball bearings: cold heading → quenching followed by precision grinding until surface roughness Ra < 0.1μm and roundness error < 0.25μm; S3, stamped limiting ring; S4. Assembly in a clean room: Lubricating grease is injected into the ball bearing through the assembly device, and a sealing ring is installed to complete the sealing. The assembly device includes a base plate, a conveyor belt, a flipping structure, an oil injection structure, and two mounting structures. The conveyor belt passes through the turning structure, the oil injection structure and the two mounting structures, and the turning structure and the oil injection structure are located between the two mounting structures; The mounting structure is used to install the closed ring, the oil injection structure is used to inject grease, and the flipping structure is used to flip the ball bearing. The mounting structure includes two first mounting brackets, a rotating shaft, a bearing plate, and a fixed cross plate. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the sliding block via a damping bearing, and the sliding block is slidably disposed in the strip groove of the first mounting bracket; The bearing plate is fixed to the rotating shaft, and a vacuum suction cup is provided at the bottom to adsorb the closed ring. The rotating shaft is fixedly connected to two first gears, and the first mounting bracket is fixedly connected to a first rack that meshes with the first gears; The threaded rod drives the sliding block to rise and fall, which in turn drives the rotating shaft to rotate and the bearing plate to flip and install the closed ring. The oil injection structure includes a lifting plate and a discharge box. The bottom of the lifting plate is rotatably connected to a ball screw, and a rubber wheel is fixed to the bottom end of the ball screw. The outer wall of the rubber wheel is arc-shaped to position the inner ring. The press plate has a built-in screw nut that mates with a ball screw. When the pressing plate moves upward, the lead screw nut drives the ball screw to rotate, and the rubber wheel rubs against the inner ring to rotate, allowing the grease to penetrate evenly.

2. The ball bearing manufacturing process according to claim 1, characterized in that, A second electric push rod is fixedly installed on the top of the discharge box. A sealed sliding piston plate is installed inside the discharge box, and the top of the piston plate is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the electric push rod. Press the pressure plate to fix the vertical rod; The piston rod of the second electric push rod extends, causing the piston plate to press down, and grease is injected into the inner and outer sides of the limit ring through the injection nozzle.

3. The ball bearing manufacturing process according to claim 2, characterized in that, The flipping structure includes a flipping plate and a ring electromagnet; After the annular electromagnet attracts the ball bearing, the tilting plate rotates 180° to the tilt position, and the power is cut off to release the ball bearing to the conveyor belt to complete the flipping.

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