Horizontal reactor for preventing acid settling and layering and method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of petrochemical equipment, and particularly discloses a horizontal reactor for preventing acid precipitation and layering and a method thereof, which comprises an acid feeding pipe and a first raw material feeding pipe, one end of the acid feeding pipe and the first raw material feeding pipe is arranged in a circulating cavity, the acid feeding pipe is used for introducing acid into the circulating cavity, and the first raw material feeding pipe is used for introducing raw material into the circulating cavity; a baffle unit comprises a plurality of baffles, a plurality of through holes are formed in the baffles, the through holes are used for allowing heat exchange pipes to pass through, the baffles are fixedly installed on the heat exchange pipes in a spiral shape at a preset inclination angle, and are used for guiding the material to generate spiral flow; and a second feeding unit is arranged on the side of the shell far away from the acid feeding pipe and the first raw material feeding pipe, and is used for spraying raw material to the bottom of the shell. The application can significantly reduce acid consumption while ensuring reaction efficiency and improve catalyst utilization.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of petrochemical equipment, and in particular to a horizontal reactor for preventing acid settlement stratification and a method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous improvement of environmental protection requirements, the production of clean gasoline is increasingly valued. Alkylation oil, as an important gasoline blending component, plays an important role in modern oil refining processes due to its excellent properties such as high octane number, low sulfur, low olefin, and low aromatic hydrocarbon. In the production process of alkylation oil, the sulfuric acid alkylation process is widely used due to its high safety and easy treatment of waste acid. The performance of the alkylation reactor, the core equipment, directly affects the product quality and production efficiency.

[0003] However, the existing sulfuric acid alkylation reactor faces many challenges in actual operation. Due to the significant density difference between the concentrated sulfuric acid catalyst and the hydrocarbon raw materials, acid phase settlement phenomenon easily occurs during the reaction process, leading to uneven distribution of the catalyst. The traditional mixing method is difficult to completely eliminate this stratification phenomenon, which not only reduces the utilization efficiency of the catalyst, but also affects the conversion rate and selectivity of the alkylation reaction. At the same time, if the heat generated during the reaction process cannot be uniformly dispersed in time, it will cause local overheating, which not only accelerates the deactivation of the catalyst, but also promotes the occurrence of side reactions, affecting the quality of the final alkylation oil product. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the problem of easy stratification of the existing reactor, the present application provides a horizontal reactor for preventing acid settlement stratification.

[0005] In one aspect, the present application provides a horizontal reactor for preventing acid settlement stratification, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] A horizontal reactor for preventing acid settlement stratification, comprising:

[0007] A shell, an inner circulation sleeve, a heat exchange pipe, and an impeller, the inner circulation sleeve is arranged in the shell, the heat exchange pipe is arranged in the inner circulation sleeve, and the impeller is arranged in the inner circulation sleeve, the impeller is used to drive the circulation of the material, a circulation cavity is arranged in the inner circulation sleeve, and a feed cavity is formed between the inner circulation sleeve and the shell;

[0008] An acid feed pipe and a first raw material feed pipe, one end of each of the acid feed pipe and the first raw material feed pipe is arranged in the circulation cavity, the acid feed pipe is used to introduce acid into the circulation cavity, and the first raw material feed pipe is used to introduce raw material into the circulation cavity;

[0009] A baffle unit, comprising a plurality of baffles, a plurality of through holes are formed in the baffles, the through holes are used for the heat exchange pipe to pass through, the baffles are fixedly installed on the heat exchange pipe in a spiral shape at a preset inclination angle, and are used to guide the material to produce spiral flow.

[0010] A second feeding unit is arranged on the side of the shell away from the acid feeding pipe and the first raw material feeding pipe, and is used for spraying raw materials to the bottom of the shell. The second feeding unit can dynamically adjust the raw material feeding flow in real time according to the acid deposition thickness. The second feeding unit comprises a feeding main pipe and a plurality of feeding branch pipes. The feeding main pipe is arranged in parallel with the shell. The feeding branch pipes are arranged along the axis of the feeding main pipe at intervals. The end of the feeding branch pipe away from the feeding main pipe is connected with the feeding cavity. The end of the feeding branch pipe away from the feeding main pipe is provided with a disperser. The spacing between every two adjacent feeding branch pipes is 0.2-0.5 times the length of the shell.

[0011] By adopting the above technical scheme, the raw materials are directly sprayed to the acid deposition area at the bottom of the horizontal reactor through the disperser, which effectively avoids the acid phase sedimentation problem caused by the density difference in the traditional reactor. At the same time, the raw material feeding flow is dynamically adjusted in real time according to the acid deposition thickness, which not only ensures the reaction efficiency but also significantly reduces the acid consumption and improves the catalyst utilization rate. The design of the baffle not only promotes the mixing of materials, but also enhances the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange pipe area through spiral flow, so that the temperature distribution in the horizontal reactor is more uniform, the catalyst deactivation and the increase of side reactions caused by local overheating are avoided, and the yield of alkylate oil can be significantly improved.

[0012] In some embodiments, the baffle is fan-shaped, and a plurality of baffles are continuously arranged to form a complete first spiral circulation unit. The first spiral circulation unit is a closed circle in the axial projection of the horizontal reactor. Each first spiral circulation unit contains 3-6 baffles.

[0013] In some embodiments, the inclination angle θ between the baffle and the cross section of the heat exchange pipe is 15°-30°.

[0014] In some embodiments, the baffle is fan ring-shaped, and a plurality of baffles are continuously arranged to form a complete second spiral circulation unit. The second spiral circulation unit is a closed annular ring in the axial projection of the horizontal reactor. Each second spiral circulation unit contains 3-6 baffles.

[0015] In some embodiments, a pull rod and a distance pipe are arranged in the inner circulation sleeve. The pull rod is fixed in the inner circulation sleeve and penetrates the baffle. The distance pipe is sleeved on the pull rod and is in sliding connection with the pull rod.

[0016] In some embodiments, a positioning block is arranged between the two adjacent baffles. The positioning block is provided with a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove. One of the baffles is clamped into the first positioning groove, and the other baffle is clamped into the second positioning groove.

[0017] In some embodiments, an avoiding hole is formed in the positioning block, and the avoiding hole is used for the pull rod and the distance pipe to pass through.

[0018] In another aspect, the application provides a method for preventing acid deposition stratification, using the horizontal reactor of any one of the above, comprising the following steps:

[0019] S1: introducing the acid and part of the raw materials into the horizontal reactor through the acid feeding pipe and the first raw material feeding pipe respectively, mixing by impeller stirring to form acid hydrocarbon emulsion, and flowing along the feeding cavity between the inner circulating sleeve and the shell;

[0020] S2: the acid hydrocarbon emulsion enters the U-shaped heat exchange pipe area, forms spiral flow under the action of the spiral baffle unit, carries out intensive mixing and heat exchange, maintains uniform reaction temperature, and realizes axial circulation through the inner circulating sleeve;

[0021] S3: the other part of the raw materials is distributed to each feeding branch pipe through the feeding main pipe of the second feeding unit, atomized by the atomizing nozzle, directly sprayed into the area prone to acid phase deposition at the bottom of the horizontal reactor, and reacted with the possible deposited acid phase, thereby actively preventing acid phase stratification and deposition.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the application has at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0023] 1. By setting the disperser to directly spray the raw materials into the acid deposition area at the bottom of the horizontal reactor, the problem of acid phase deposition caused by density difference in the traditional reactor is effectively avoided, the second feeding unit can dynamically adjust the raw material feeding flow according to the acid deposition thickness, significantly reducing the acid consumption while ensuring the reaction efficiency, and improving the catalyst utilization rate;

[0024] 2. The design of the baffle not only promotes the mixing of materials, but also enhances the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchange pipe area through spiral flow, so that the temperature distribution in the horizontal reactor is more uniform, the catalyst deactivation and the increase of side reactions caused by local overheating are avoided, and the alkylation oil yield can be significantly improved;

[0025] 3. The application forms an integrated anti-deposition system based on the combined design of the fan-shaped and fan-ring-shaped baffles and the regularized arrangement of the second raw material feeding and spraying mixing, realizes the compactness of the equipment structure and the functionality of the acid deposition stratification prevention, is convenient for installation and maintenance, and can adapt to the process adjustment requirements of preventing acid liquid phase stratification under different working conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is the internal structure schematic diagram of the horizontal reactor in the application;

[0027] Figure 2 is the position relationship schematic diagram of the heat exchange pipe and the baffle unit in the application;

[0028] Figure 3 is the structure schematic diagram of the baffle unit in the applicationFigure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 4 is a side view of the baffle unit of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 5 is a structural schematic of the baffle unit of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 6 is a side view of the baffle unit of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0032] Figure 7 is a side view of the baffle unit of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0033] Figure 8 is a structural schematic of the positioning block in the present application.

[0034] In the drawings:

[0035] 1, shell; 11, feed chamber; 2, inner circulating sleeve; 21, circulating chamber; 22, pull rod; 23, distance tube; 3, heat exchange pipe; 4, impeller; 5, acid feed pipe; 6, first raw material feed pipe; 7, baffle unit; 71, baffle plate; 74, through hole; 8, second feed unit; 81, feed main pipe; 82, feed branch pipe; 9, positioning block; 91, first positioning groove; 92, second positioning groove; 93, avoiding hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the term "and / or" in this paper is only to describe the association relationship of the associated objects, which means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and / or B, which can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B together, and the existence of B alone. In addition, the character " / " in this paper generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects without special explanation.

[0038] Reference Figure 1The application provides a horizontal reactor for preventing acid deposition stratification, which comprises a shell 1, an inner circulation sleeve 2, heat exchange pipes 3 and an impeller 4, the inner circulation sleeve 2 is arranged in the shell 1, the heat exchange pipes 3 are arranged in the inner circulation sleeve 2, and the impeller 4 is arranged in the inner circulation sleeve 2 and used for driving material circulation. In the embodiment, the heat exchange pipes 3 are preferably U-shaped heat exchange pipes 3. The inner circulation sleeve 2 is provided with a circulation cavity 21, and a feeding cavity 11 is formed between the inner circulation sleeve 2 and the shell 1. The horizontal reactor further comprises an acid feeding pipe 5 and a first raw material feeding pipe 6, one end of each of the acid feeding pipe 5 and the first raw material feeding pipe 6 is arranged in the circulation cavity 21, the acid feeding pipe 5 is used for introducing acid into the circulation cavity 21, and the first raw material feeding pipe 6 is used for introducing raw material into the circulation cavity 21. In the embodiment, the axis of the acid feeding pipe 5 and the axis of the first raw material feeding pipe 6 are arranged in parallel. The acid enters the circulation cavity 21 through the acid feeding pipe 5, the raw material enters the circulation cavity 21 through the first raw material feeding pipe 6, the acid and the raw material are mixed by stirring of the impeller 4 after being contacted in the reactor, to form acid hydrocarbon emulsion, and the acid hydrocarbon emulsion flows along the feeding cavity 11 between the inner circulation sleeve 2 and the shell 1 after being stirred by the impeller 4, to form a circulation flow.

[0039] Reference Figure 1 The horizontal reactor for preventing acid deposition stratification provided by the application further comprises a second feeding unit 8 arranged on the side of the shell 1 away from the acid feeding pipe 5 and the first raw material feeding pipe 6, and the second feeding unit 8 is used for spraying raw material to the bottom of the shell 1. The second feeding unit 8 comprises a feeding main pipe 81 and a plurality of feeding branch pipes 82, the feeding main pipe 81 is arranged in parallel with the shell 1, the feeding branch pipes 82 are arranged at intervals along the axis of the feeding main pipe 81, one end of each of the feeding branch pipes 82 away from the feeding main pipe 81 is connected with the feeding cavity 11, and the one end of each of the feeding branch pipes 82 away from the feeding main pipe 81 is provided with a disperser. The second feeding unit 8 provided by the application realizes three-stage distribution through the feeding main pipe 81, the feeding branch pipes 82 and the dispersers, the second raw material is uniformly dispersed into fine droplets or jets, can accurately cover the area of the shell 1 bottom where the acid phase is most prone to deposit, the local turbulent intensity is greatly improved, the acid phase at the bottom of the shell 1 is rapidly re-rolled into the main flow emulsion, which helps to prevent deposition, reduces the thickness of the acid phase deposition layer and prolongs the continuous operation cycle.

[0040] Specifically, in the embodiment, the disperser is specifically an atomizing nozzle, the nozzle inner diameter of the atomizing nozzle is 20-100 mm, and the atomizing angle is 30-90°. In other embodiments, the disperser can also be a venturi injector or the like, which is not limited here.

[0041] Impeller 4 can generate forced axial circulation in circulation cavity 21 when working, acid and first stock are sheared at high speed in circulation cavity 21 and immediately form stable acid hydrocarbon emulsion, emulsion is then pushed into feed cavity 11 to continue forward flow, acid phase with larger density is broken into small droplets and suspended in hydrocarbon phase, which significantly reduces acid phase sedimentation speed; at the same time, heat exchange pipe 3 is completely wrapped inside inner circulation sleeve 2, emulsion exchanges heat with heat exchange medium when flowing through heat exchange pipe 3, reaction heat is quickly taken away, which avoids acid hydrocarbon delamination and catalyst deactivation caused by local overheating; second feed unit 8 is arranged at bottom of shell 1, second stock is directly injected to the position where acid phase is most likely to deposit at bottom of shell 1, newly injected hydrocarbon stock reacts with possible deposited acid phase, which not only dilutes local acid concentration, but also further breaks acid group through turbulence, so that acid deposition and delamination are actively inhibited in the whole reactor length direction, which finally improves catalyst utilization rate, reaction conversion rate and alkylation oil product quality.

[0042] Further, in the embodiment, the spacing between each adjacent feed branch pipe 82 is 0.2-0.5 times the length of shell 1. The proportional relationship not only ensures that the coverage of atomization or injection is blank in the axial direction, but also avoids the complexity of structure and flow interference caused by too dense branch pipes, so that the second stock is injected in the form of "equidistant pulse" along the axial direction of the reactor, which maintains the acid phase concentration at the bottom at a low level, effectively prevents the formation of acid deposition area, thereby eliminating delamination, ensuring the quality of the final alkylation oil product, and taking into account the simplicity of equipment manufacturing and the reliability of the anti-deposition effect.

[0043] With reference to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , further, the application also comprises a baffle unit 7, the baffle unit 7 comprises a plurality of baffle plates 71, the baffle plates 71 are fixedly installed on the heat exchange pipe 3 in a preset inclined angle in a spiral shape, for guiding the material to generate spiral flow. The baffle plates 71 are fan-shaped, and a plurality of baffle plates 71 are arranged in series to form a complete first spiral circulation unit, the first spiral circulation unit is a closed circle in the axial projection of the reactor, and each first spiral circulation unit comprises 3-6 baffle plates 71. Each baffle plate 71 is designed in a fan shape and arranged in a continuous spiral along the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe 3, and these fan-shaped baffle plates 71 exactly fit together to form a closed circle in the axial projection of the reactor, thereby forming the first spiral circulation unit. This arrangement forces the emulsion to move along the spiral track when flowing through the heat exchange pipe 3, generating strong radial secondary flow and continuous turbulence, the acid droplets are continuously dispersed, avoiding the accumulation into a film or deposition on the surface of the heat exchange pipe 3, and the mixing and heat exchange of the acid and hydrocarbon two phases are strengthened, and at the same time, the spiral flow can continuously flush the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe 3, inhibit local hot spots and coking, and improve the heat transfer efficiency and operating stability of the reactor.

[0044] With reference toFigure 5 And Figure 6 In some embodiments, the baffle plate 71 is in the shape of a fan ring, and a plurality of baffle plates 71 are arranged in series to form a complete second spiral circulation unit, which is a closed circular ring in the axial projection of the reactor, and each second spiral circulation unit contains 3-6 baffle plates 71. The fan ring structure forms a continuous annular channel between the outer wall of the heat exchange pipe 3 and the inner wall of the inner circulation sleeve 2, forcing the emulsion to produce strong disturbance in the radial and circumferential directions, further breaking the acid phase droplets and keeping them uniformly distributed, while the annular channel also functions as a rectifier to eliminate dead zones and short-circuit flow, further improving the reactor volume utilization and reaction uniformity.

[0045] In the present embodiment, the inclination angle θ between the baffle plate 71 and the cross section of the heat exchange pipe 3 is 15°-30°. This angle range can generate sufficient spiral lift angle to make the emulsion obtain sufficient radial velocity component, and at the same time, it will not cause the flow resistance to increase sharply due to the large inclination angle, thereby maintaining low pumping energy consumption while strengthening mixing and heat transfer, ensuring that the reactor has the advantages of high efficiency and energy saving in long-term operation.

[0046] In some embodiments, a pull rod 22 and a distance tube 23 are arranged in the inner circulation sleeve 2, the pull rod 22 is fixed in the inner circulation sleeve 2, the pull rod 22 penetrates the baffle plate 71, the distance tube 23 is sleeved on the pull rod 22, and the pull rod 22 and the distance tube 23 are in sliding connection. The two ends of the pull rod 22 are provided with threads, and nuts are threadedly connected to the two ends of the pull rod 22. During installation, the pull rod 22 is sequentially inserted through the baffle plates, and finally the two ends are tightened and locked with nuts, so as to maintain the accurate spacing between the baffle plates 71.

[0047] In some embodiments, a positioning block 9 is arranged between the two adjacent baffle plates 71, the positioning block 9 is provided with a first positioning groove 91 and a second positioning groove 92, the first positioning groove 91 allows one of the baffle plates 71 to be clamped in, and the second positioning groove 92 allows the other baffle plate 71 to be clamped in. The positioning block 9 is provided with an avoiding hole 93 for the pull rod 22 and the distance tube 23 to pass through. By arranging the positioning block 9, the first and second positioning grooves 92 on the positioning block 9 achieve clamping positioning of the adjacent baffle plates 71, so that quick positioning can be achieved without welding during on-site assembly, the installation precision is improved, and the influence of manufacturing errors on the spiral channel is reduced. The baffle plates 71 are further positioned during installation, so as to avoid displacement of the baffle plates 71 during use of the reactor. In other embodiments, the adjacent baffle plates 71 can also be fixed by welding, or can be connected by hinges or hinges, which are not limited herein.

[0048] The application also provides a method for preventing acid settlement and stratification, which is applied to the horizontal reactor of any one of the above, and comprises the following steps:

[0049] S1: the acid is introduced into the reactor through the acid feed pipe 5, part of the raw material is introduced into the reactor through the first raw material feed pipe 6, and the acid hydrocarbon emulsion is formed by stirring and mixing through the impeller 4, which flows along the feed cavity 11 between the inner circulating sleeve 2 and the shell 1;

[0050] S2: the emulsion enters the area around the heat exchange pipe 3, forms spiral flow under the action of the spiral baffle unit 7, carries out intensive mixing and heat exchange, maintains uniform reaction temperature, and realizes axial circulation through the inner circulating sleeve 2;

[0051] S3: another part of the raw material is distributed to each feed branch pipe 82 through the feed main pipe 81, is atomized through the atomizing nozzle, and is directly sprayed into the area prone to acid phase deposition at the bottom of the reactor, and reacts with the possible deposited acid phase, thereby actively preventing the acid phase from being stratified and deposited. The feed flow of the second feed unit is 10% to 50% of the total raw material feed amount.

[0052] Specifically, the horizontal reactor provided in the embodiment is used for high-octane alkylated oil production, adopts an acid deposition and stratification prevention method, the annual processing capacity of the horizontal reactor is 80 kt, and the ether after carbon four is used as the raw material. The reactor is operated under the following process conditions: the reaction temperature is 7.0 ℃, the reaction pressure is 0.45 MPa, the alkene ratio in the reaction feed is 8.6, the sulfuric acid concentration used is 95% to 98%, and the acid hydrocarbon volume ratio is 1.02. The operation process is as follows: the sulfuric acid and the raw material enter the reactor through the acid feed pipe 5 and the first raw material feed pipe 6 respectively, are dispersed in the acid hydrocarbon emulsion to form a circulating flow; after stirring and mixing through the impeller 4, the material flows along the feed cavity 11 between the inner circulating sleeve 2 and the shell 1, and is baffle-injected into the area of the heat exchange pipe 3; under the flow guiding action of the baffle plate 71, the material forms spiral flow, significantly enhances the heat transfer efficiency, and maintains uniform temperature in the reaction zone, while realizing axial circulation through the inner circulating sleeve 2; in addition, part of the raw material is distributed to each feed branch pipe 82 through the feed main pipe 81 of the second feed unit 8, is sprayed in the form of atomization through the atomizing nozzle, and is sprayed into the area at the bottom of the reactor, reacts with the possible deposited sulfuric acid, and thus effectively prevents the acid phase from being deposited and stratified. The acid concentration change in the waste acid is determined by using the acid-base titration method specified in GB / T 534-2014 “Industrial Sulfuric Acid”, and the olefin conversion rate in the raw material is calculated by using GB / T 30519-2014 “Determination of Hydrocarbon Composition in Light Petroleum Distillates and Products”. The application results show that, after the structure and method of the application are used, the acid consumption of the alkylation reaction is reduced to 68 kg / t, the olefin conversion rate in the raw material reaches 99.8%, and the acid content at the bottom of the reactor shell is less than 35%, which effectively inhibits the acid deposition and stratification, and improves the reaction efficiency and acid utilization rate.

[0053] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application, so that: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, principle of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A horizontal reactor for the prevention of acid settling and layering, characterized in that, The application relates to a horizontal reactor for preparing sulfuric acid, which comprises the following parts: a shell (1), an inner circulating sleeve (2), heat exchange pipes (3) and an impeller (4), the inner circulating sleeve (2) is arranged in the shell (1), the heat exchange pipes (3) are arranged in the inner circulating sleeve (2), the impeller (4) is arranged in the inner circulating sleeve (2), the impeller (4) is used for driving material circulation, a circulating cavity (21) is arranged in the inner circulating sleeve (2), and a feeding cavity (11) is formed between the inner circulating sleeve (2) and the shell (1); an acid feeding pipe (5) and a first raw material feeding pipe (6), one end of the acid feeding pipe (5) and the first raw material feeding pipe (6) is arranged in the circulating cavity (21), the acid feeding pipe (5) is used for introducing acid into the circulating cavity (21), and the first raw material feeding pipe (6) is used for introducing raw material into the circulating cavity (21); a baffle unit (7) comprising a plurality of baffle plates (71), a plurality of through holes (74) are formed in the baffle plates (71) and used for allowing the heat exchange pipes (3) to pass through, the baffle plates (71) are fixedly installed on the heat exchange pipes (3) in a preset inclined angle and in a spiral shape, and the baffle plates (71) are used for guiding material to generate spiral flow; a second feeding unit (8) arranged on the side, away from the acid feeding pipe (5) and the first raw material feeding pipe (6), of the shell (1), the second feeding unit (8) is used for spraying raw material to the bottom of the shell (1), the second feeding unit (8) can dynamically adjust the raw material feeding flow according to the acid deposition thickness in real time, the second feeding unit (8) comprises a feeding main pipe (81) and a plurality of feeding branch pipes (82), the feeding main pipe (81) is arranged in parallel with the shell (1), the feeding branch pipes (82) are arranged along the axis of the feeding main pipe (81) at intervals, one end, away from the feeding main pipe (81), of the feeding branch pipes (82) is connected with the feeding cavity (11), and the one end, away from the feeding main pipe (81), of the feeding branch pipes (82) is provided with a disperser, and the interval between every two adjacent feeding branch pipes (82) is 0.2-0.5 times the length of the shell (1). The baffle plates (71) are in the shape of a fan, a plurality of the baffle plates (71) are continuously arranged to form a complete first spiral circulation unit, the first spiral circulation unit is in the shape of a closed circle in the axial projection of the horizontal reactor, and each first spiral circulation unit comprises 3-6 baffle plates (71).

2. A horizontal reactor for preventing acid settling and stratification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The baffle plates (71) are in the shape of a fan ring, a plurality of the baffle plates (71) are continuously arranged to form a complete second spiral circulation unit, the second spiral circulation unit is in the shape of a closed ring in the axial projection of the horizontal reactor, and each second spiral circulation unit comprises 3-6 baffle plates (71).

3. A horizontal reactor for preventing acid settling and stratification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inclined angle theta between the baffle plates (71) and the cross section of the heat exchange pipes (3) is 15-30 degrees.

4. A horizontal reactor for preventing acid settling and stratification according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: ​ 5. A horizontal reactor for preventing acid settling and stratification according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner circulating sleeve (2) is provided with a pull rod (22) and a distance tube (23), the pull rod (22) is fixed in the inner circulating sleeve (2), the pull rod (22) penetrates the baffle (71), the distance tube (23) is sleeved on the pull rod (22), the pull rod (22) and the distance tube (23) are in sliding connection, and the pull rod (22) sequentially penetrates the baffle (71).

6. A horizontal reactor for preventing acid settling and stratification according to claim 5, characterized in that: Positioning blocks (9) are arranged between two adjacent baffles (71), first positioning grooves (91) and second positioning grooves (92) are formed in the positioning blocks (9), one of the baffles (71) is clamped into the first positioning grooves (91), and the other baffle (71) is clamped into the second positioning grooves (92).

7. A horizontal reactor for preventing acid settling and stratification according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning blocks (9) are provided with avoiding holes (93), and the avoiding holes (93) are used for allowing the pull rod (22) and the distance tube (23) to pass through.

8. A method for preventing acid settling and stratification, applied to the horizontal reactor according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S1: introducing acid into a horizontal reactor through an acid feeding pipe (5), introducing part of raw materials into the horizontal reactor through a first raw material feeding pipe (6), and mixing the acid and the raw materials into acid hydrocarbon emulsion through an impeller (4), wherein the acid hydrocarbon emulsion flows along a feeding cavity (11) between an inner circulating sleeve (2) and a shell (1); S2: the acid hydrocarbon emulsion enters a heat exchange pipe (3) region, forms spiral flow under the action of a spiral baffle unit (7), and is subjected to intensified mixing and heat exchange, so that the reaction temperature is uniform, and axial circulation is realized through the inner circulating sleeve (2); S3: another part of raw materials is introduced into each feeding branch pipe (82) through a feeding main pipe (81), is atomized through an atomizing nozzle, and is directly sprayed into a region prone to acid phase deposition at the bottom of the horizontal reactor, so as to react with the possible acid phase and prevent acid phase stratification and deposition.

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