A casting process for nickel-based superalloys

Abstract

This invention provides a casting process for nickel-based superalloys, belonging to the field of alloy casting technology, and includes the following steps: S1, adding the proportioned nickel-based superalloy raw materials into a heating crucible and heating them above their melting point, while removing impurities from the molten nickel-based superalloy; S2, after stabilization, measuring the volume of the molten nickel-based superalloy in the heating crucible using a metering device to estimate the actual volume of the molten nickel-based superalloy in the heating crucible; S3, calculating the volume difference based on the theoretical volume and the actual volume, and adding the corresponding mass of nickel-based superalloy raw materials based on the volume difference; S4, after the nickel-based superalloy is smelted, controlling the entire heating crucible to deflect towards the casting mold to complete the casting of the molten nickel-based superalloy. This invention avoids resource waste and requires no modification to related structures, making it particularly suitable for small-batch, multiple, individual castings of nickel-based superalloys.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of alloy casting technology, and in particular to a nickel-based high-temperature alloy casting process. Background Technology

[0002] The raw materials for nickel-based superalloys contain some low-boiling-point impurities. During the smelting process, these low-boiling-point metal impurities turn into a gaseous state and escape from the heating crucible. This directly reduces the volume of the liquid nickel-based superalloy in the heating crucible, making it impossible to meet the casting requirements of the predetermined volume in the casting mold.

[0003] Patent document CN 117816941 A discloses an automatic control device for the flow rate of molten metal in a vacuum melting furnace. This invention does not require manual observation and achieves accurate control of the molten metal flow rate by adjusting the flow control rod to a predetermined height, thus avoiding overload or insufficient molten metal casting.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned technical solution requires the flow control rod to be placed in the molten metal in real time during the flow adjustment process, which places high demands on the material and operation of the flow control rod. It is only suitable for large-scale continuous metal casting. For small-batch individual metal casting, the height adjustment distance of the flow control rod is limited, and there is always residual molten metal in the molten metal container that cannot be discharged, resulting in waste of resources. In addition, since the molten metal flows out by overflow, the backflow port of the molten metal container needs to be adapted and modified, resulting in high customization costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a casting process for nickel-based superalloys. This invention avoids resource waste and requires no modification to the relevant structure, making it particularly suitable for small-batch, multiple, individual castings of nickel-based superalloys.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A nickel-based superalloy casting process utilizes a superalloy casting furnace, which includes a heating crucible, a casting mold, and a metering device. The process comprises the following steps: S1, adding the proportioned nickel-based superalloy raw materials into the heating crucible and heating them above their melting point, while simultaneously removing impurities from the molten nickel-based superalloy; S2, after stabilization, measuring the volume of the molten nickel-based superalloy in the heating crucible using the metering device. The metering device includes a first metering component, which comprises a first metering block and a first telescopic rod for controlling the raising and lowering of the first metering block. The first measuring block is inserted into the heating crucible to compress the nickel-based superalloy liquid and rise to the predetermined scale line. The actual effective descent height of the first measuring block is calculated, and the actual volume of the nickel-based superalloy liquid in the heating crucible is estimated. S3: The theoretical volume of the nickel-based superalloy liquid is estimated based on the initial mass of added nickel-based superalloy raw materials. The volume difference between the theoretical volume and the actual volume is calculated, and the corresponding mass of nickel-based superalloy raw materials is added again based on the volume difference. S4: After the nickel-based superalloy smelting is completed, the heating crucible is controlled to deflect towards the casting mold to complete the casting of the nickel-based superalloy liquid.

[0008] Preferably, when the bottom of the first metering block descends to be level with the nickel-based superalloy liquid, it serves as the benchmark for measuring the actual effective descent height of the first metering block. The first metering block continues to descend until the nickel-based superalloy liquid is controlled to rise to a predetermined scale line and then stops descending. The distance from the benchmark to the point where the descent stops is the actual effective descent height.

[0009] Preferably, the metering device further includes a second metering component, which includes a second metering block and a second telescopic rod, wherein the cross-sectional dimension of the second metering block is smaller than that of the first metering block.

[0010] Preferably, the heating crucible includes a first heating chamber opposite to the first metering block and a second heating chamber opposite to the second metering block, and the first heating chamber and the second heating chamber are connected by a flow channel.

[0011] Preferably, during the measurement of the volume of the nickel-based alloy liquid, the first metering block descends before the second metering block and rises later than the second metering block.

[0012] Preferably, the high-temperature alloy casting furnace is further provided with an air blowing device, which includes an air blowing ring and a positioning rod, and the inner wall of the air blowing ring has an inclined downward annular air blowing port.

[0013] Preferably, the first telescopic rod includes a base and an elastic pumping airbag. A piston is slidably connected to the base, and a telescopic end is fixed to the side wall of the piston. The piston divides the interior of the base into a first chamber and a second chamber. The telescopic end is located in the second chamber, and the elastic pumping airbag is located in the first chamber. The elastic pumping airbag has a restoring elasticity and is normally in an inflated state. The pumping airbag is connected to two pumping pipes with built-in one-way valves. The first pumping pipe is connected to the interior of the high-temperature alloy casting furnace, and the second pumping pipe is connected to the blowing ring.

[0014] Preferably, in step S3, the same batch of nickel-based superalloy raw materials are added again, and the added mass is based on the actual loss of the nickel-based superalloy multiplied by a predetermined floating ratio.

[0015] Preferably, the volume of the nickel-based superalloy liquid in the heating crucible is measured again before casting in step S4 to verify the actual volume of the nickel-based superalloy liquid in the heating crucible.

[0016] Preferably, the high-temperature alloy casting furnace is also equipped with a deflection drive device, which can drive the heating crucible to deflect at a predetermined angle to complete the automatic casting of nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0018] Compared with existing technologies, this invention directly measures the volume of the molten alloy in the heating crucible using a metering device, ensuring that the volume of the molten alloy meets the casting requirements of the casting mold. During the measurement process, the metering device does not need to be in the heating crucible for an extended period of time, thus reducing the requirements for the operation and materials of the metering device. Furthermore, after metering, the molten alloy is still guided and poured by controlling the tilting of the heating crucible, allowing for complete removal of the molten alloy. This avoids resource waste and eliminates the need for modifications to the relevant structure, making it particularly suitable for small-batch, multiple, individual casting of nickel-based superalloys. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-temperature alloy casting furnace of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the AA-direction cross-section structure.

[0022] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the BB-direction cross-section structure.

[0023] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2A magnified structural diagram at point C.

[0024] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 A magnified structural diagram at point D.

[0025] In the diagram: 100, protective cover; 200, casting mold; 300, heating crucible; 310, first heating chamber; 320, second heating chamber; 330, flow guide channel; 400, deflection drive device; 410, positioning block; 420, drive shaft; 500, metering device; 510, first metering component; 511, first metering block; 512, first telescopic rod; 520, second metering component; 521, second metering block; 522, second telescopic rod; 530, metering plate; 540, third telescopic rod; 550, air blowing device; 551, air blowing ring; 552, positioning rod. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0027] See attached document Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 6 A nickel-based superalloy casting process is disclosed, which utilizes a superalloy casting furnace. The furnace contains a casting mold 200, a heating crucible 300, and other internal structures. Nickel-based superalloy raw materials are added to the heating crucible 300 according to a specified ratio. An electromagnetic induction heating coil is positioned on the outside of the crucible 300 to heat the nickel-based superalloy raw materials within it, raising them above their melting point. At this point, the nickel-based superalloy within the crucible 300 is in a liquid state. After a predetermined heating time, the nickel-based superalloy within the crucible 300 undergoes impurity removal, heat preservation, and stirring operations. Finally, the liquid nickel-based superalloy within the crucible 300 is cast into the casting mold 200. After the casting mold 200 cools, a nickel-based superalloy block of a predetermined shape is formed.

[0028] The above-mentioned heating, smelting, casting, and cooling processes are all carried out inside the protective cover 100. The protective cover 100 is in an inert gas atmosphere, which can effectively prevent the nickel-based superalloy from being oxidized during the above operations and improve the quality of the final nickel-based superalloy block.

[0029] A deflection drive device 400 is provided inside the protective cover 100. The deflection drive device 400 can drive the heating crucible 300 to deflect by a predetermined angle. After the heating crucible 300 deflects by the predetermined angle, the liquid high-temperature alloy inside the heating crucible 300 can flow through the notch on the surface of the heating crucible 300 to the casting mold 200 on the outside under the action of gravity, so as to realize the casting process. The deflection drive device 400 includes a positioning block 410 fixed to the bottom of the heating crucible 300. A drive shaft 420 is also provided on the outside of the drive shaft 420 to control the positioning block 410 and the deflection of the heating crucible 300 by the predetermined angle.

[0030] The nickel-based superalloy raw materials contain some low-boiling-point impurities. During the smelting process, these low-boiling-point metal impurities turn into a gaseous state and escape from the heating crucible 300. This directly reduces the volume of the liquid nickel-based superalloy in the heating crucible 300, failing to meet the casting requirements of the predetermined volume in the casting mold 200. The volume of the molten metal after impurity removal can be estimated based on the purity of the raw materials. Increasing the raw materials in advance according to the estimated results can, to some extent, ensure that the final volume of the molten metal meets the accurate casting requirements. However, the above results are only theoretical estimates, and the purity of nickel-based superalloy raw materials varies from batch to batch, requiring recalculation each time, which reduces production efficiency.

[0031] To solve the above problems, the smelting and casting processes of the smelting furnace are improved through modified processes, specifically including the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: According to the required casting volume of the casting mold 200, select appropriate raw materials according to the ratio of nickel-based high-temperature alloy, put the nickel-based high-temperature alloy raw materials into the heating crucible 300 and heat them through the electromagnetic induction coil to heat the nickel-based high-temperature alloy in the heating crucible 300 to above the melting point. At this time, the nickel-based high-temperature alloy in the heating crucible 300 is in a liquid state.

[0033] Step Two: Perform impurity removal on the nickel-based superalloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 to reduce the impurity content and ensure the purity and quality of the nickel-based superalloy after final cooling. This impurity removal can be performed in steps, starting with preliminary impurity removal followed by deep impurity removal. The specific method of impurity removal depends on the smelting requirements and composition of the nickel-based superalloy. Existing relevant impurity removal technologies can be selected, such as physical impurity removal, using high-temperature resistant tools like graphite rods to remove large pieces of oxide scale suspended on the surface of the nickel-based superalloy liquid. Alternatively, methods such as degassing, volatilization, or adding impurity removal powder can be used. The choice of method depends on the specific circumstances and will not be elaborated further here.

[0034] The impurity removal process aims to remove as much instability as possible in the composition of the nickel-based superalloy liquid in the heating crucible 300. After the impurity removal process, the liquid level of the nickel-based superalloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 is reduced, and the volume is decreased.

[0035] Step 3: Initial Measurement; The improved high-temperature alloy casting furnace can measure the volume of nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300. The improved high-temperature alloy casting furnace includes a metering device 500, which can accurately and directly measure the nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300.

[0036] Specifically, the metering device 500 includes a first metering component 510, which includes a first metering block 511 and a first telescopic rod 512 for controlling the lifting and lowering of the first metering block 511. During the descent of the first metering block 511 controlled by the first telescopic rod 512, the first metering block 511 can extend into the heating crucible 300. After the first metering block 511 descends below the surface of the nickel-based superalloy liquid, the surface of the nickel-based superalloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 rises. When the nickel-based superalloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 rises to a predetermined scale line, the height of the first metering block 511's descent is determined. By calculating the height of the first metering block 511's descent into the nickel-based superalloy liquid, the volume of the nickel-based superalloy liquid can be inferred in reverse.

[0037] During operation, when the bottom of the first measuring block 511 descends to be level with the nickel-based superalloy liquid (the bottom of the first measuring block 511 just touches the nickel-based superalloy liquid; the above detection process can be carried out by combining infrared temperature detection and image detection; in the infrared temperature detection instrument, since the temperature of the first measuring block 511 is different from the temperature of the alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300, observation can be achieved; similarly, for the larger heating crucible 300, a high-temperature resistant image detection probe can also be set for real-time image monitoring), this serves as the reference for the measurement of the first measuring block 511. The first measuring block 511 then moves downwards, and as the first measuring block 511 descends, the liquid level of the nickel-based superalloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 rises. The first measuring block 511 continues to descend until the nickel-based superalloy liquid is controlled to rise to the predetermined scale line.

[0038] In this process, the effective descent height of the first measuring block 511 during the measurement can be obtained. The first measuring block 511 is a standard measuring workpiece, and its volume, height and other parameters are known. Assuming that the first measuring block 511 is a column with the same cross-section, the volume can be obtained by multiplying the cross-section by the height. This volume is the difference between the standard volume inside the heating crucible 300 and the actual volume of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid. By subtracting the volume obtained from the above measurement conversion from the standard volume inside the heating crucible 300, the volume of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid inside the heating crucible 300 can be obtained.

[0039] Through the above measurement operation, the actual volume of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 can be measured in reverse by controlling the descent of the first metering block 511. This measurement method can directly obtain the volume of the nickel-based alloy liquid without measuring based on the purity of the raw materials. The obtained volume is accurate and effective, providing an accurate reference for subsequent addition of raw materials. Ultimately, it ensures the accuracy of the alloy liquid volume during casting, meets the casting requirements of the predetermined casting mold 200, reduces the accuracy deviation during casting, avoids situations where there is too little or too much alloy liquid, ensures the standard of the final cooled nickel-based alloy block volume, and also avoids the waste of alloy liquid, saving resources.

[0040] It should be noted that the first metering block 511 is made of a high-temperature resistant material, preferably a tungsten-rhenium alloy. Tungsten has a melting point of over 3,000 degrees Celsius and excellent high-temperature stability. Adding an appropriate proportion of rhenium can reduce the brittleness of tungsten, improve its high-temperature plasticity and thermal shock resistance, and its melting temperature is much higher than that of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300. A smooth coating can be provided on the surface of the first metering block 511 to improve the smoothness of the surface of the first metering block 511, which can prevent the alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 from remaining on the surface of the first metering block 511 and causing changes in the final casting volume.

[0041] The first measuring block 511 here can be a frustum shape as shown in the attached figure, or it can be a column, rectangle, or sphere. Regardless of the shape chosen, the volume must be accurately measured so that the volume corresponding to the predetermined height of the first measuring block 511 can be directly calculated, ensuring the accuracy of the measurement of the alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300.

[0042] It should also be noted that the first measuring block 511 is preferably made of a material with small volume change due to thermal expansion and contraction. The volume change of the first measuring block 511 at different temperatures is measured by high-temperature test. Based on the relevant results, the deformation value of the first measuring block 511 under thermal expansion and contraction at different temperatures can be measured to reduce errors. At the same time, the first measuring block 511 is preheated before measurement, and heated to a temperature similar to that of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300. This avoids the temperature fluctuation of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid during the measurement process from affecting the alloy quality, and also avoids the measurement accident caused by excessive temperature fluctuation of the first measuring block 511.

[0043] In summary, through the above structural design, by controlling the first metering block 511 to extend into the heating crucible 300, the volume of the nickel-based superalloy after impurity removal within the heating crucible 300 can be directly calculated. This provides a basis for subsequent raw material addition, ensuring the accuracy of the final nickel-based superalloy liquid casting. Furthermore, the first metering block 511 only needs to be inserted into the heating crucible 300 for a short time to measure the volume, without the need for continuous descent to control alloy overflow for volume calculation. This reduces the material requirements for the first metering block 511, simplifies the alloy handling steps, and prevents the alloy liquid from overflowing out of the heating crucible 300 or leaving any alloy liquid residue within it. This minimizes alloy liquid waste, saves relevant resources, and improves the efficiency and accuracy of nickel-based superalloy liquid casting.

[0044] The metering device 500 here also includes a second metering component 520, which includes a second metering block 521 and a second telescopic rod 522. The second telescopic rod 522 is the same as the first telescopic rod 512, both of which control the lifting and lowering movement of the second metering block 521. The second metering block 521 is the same as the first metering block 511, both of which extend into the heating crucible 300 to control the rise of the liquid level and thus measure the volume of the alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300.

[0045] The difference is that the cross-sectional size of the second metering block 521 is smaller than that of the first metering block 511. Through the design of the above difference, the liquid level of the alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 can be controlled to rise rapidly during the descent of the first metering block 511, shortening the volume detection time and improving the detection efficiency. The descent of the first metering block 511 controls the alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 to approach the predetermined scale position. Then, the second telescopic rod 522 controls the descent of the second metering block 521. The cross-sectional size of the second metering block 521 is smaller, so when it descends to the same height, the liquid level of the alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 rises to a lower height.

[0046] The second metering block 521 can slowly and accurately raise the height of the alloy liquid at the end of the measurement, improve the accuracy of the final alloy liquid volume measurement, avoid alloy liquid overflow, avoid resource waste, and also avoid casting failure, ensuring accurate measurement and casting in one go.

[0047] The heating crucible 300 here can be a traditional frustum shape with an annular opening inside to accommodate the nickel-based superalloy. In order to improve the stirring effect of the alloy liquid during the measurement process, promote the efficient mixing of various components in the alloy liquid, and accelerate the removal of internal impurities, the heating crucible 300 is preferably irregularly shaped, including two parts: a first heating chamber 310 and a second heating chamber 320. The first heating chamber 310 and the second heating chamber 320 are connected by a guide channel 330. The guide channel 330 has the same depth as the first heating chamber 310 and the second heating chamber 320 on both sides, and is relatively narrow.

[0048] During the descent of the first metering block 511 and the second metering block 521, the molten alloy in the first heating chamber 310 and the second heating chamber 320 can be squeezed through the guide channel 330 to flow to the other side. In particular, when the first metering block 511 is descending, the molten alloy flows at a fast rate and has a large volume. Most of the molten alloy flows through the guide channel 330 to the other side. During the flow, especially when flowing through the narrow guide channel 330, the molten alloy mixes with each other, and the components inside the molten alloy are mixed more thoroughly.

[0049] The first metering block 511 descends before the second metering block 521 and rises after the second metering block 521 during the measurement process. During the rise of the first metering block 511, the molten alloy in the second heating chamber 320 can flow back into the first heating chamber 310 through the guide channel 330. During the measurement on one side, the molten alloy can achieve bidirectional flow and efficient mixing, which fully promotes the mixing of various components inside the molten alloy, promotes the discharge of impurities, and improves the quality of the finished nickel-based high-temperature alloy.

[0050] A metering plate 530 and a third telescopic rod 540 for controlling the raising and lowering of the metering plate 530 are provided on the upper end of the first metering component 510 and the second metering component 520. During the measurement process, the metering plate 530, the first metering component 510 and the second metering component 520 are first driven to descend synchronously by the third telescopic rod 540, which drives the first metering component 510 and the second metering component 520 to descend rapidly to a predetermined height. Then, the first metering block 511 is controlled to descend by the first telescopic rod 512. After the alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 approaches the scale line, the second metering block 521 is controlled to descend by the second telescopic rod 522, which controls the alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 to be level with the scale line. By calculating the height of the first metering block 511 and the second metering block 521 from contacting the surface of the alloy liquid to stopping the descent, the height by which the first metering block 511 and the second metering block 521 control the rise of the alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 is calculated, and finally the volume of the alloy liquid is calculated.

[0051] To further prevent the alloy liquid from remaining on the surfaces of the first metering block 511 and the second metering block 521, and to avoid loss of the alloy liquid during the measurement process, which would cause a change in the actual volume of the alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 after measurement, air blowing devices 550 are respectively fitted on the outside of the first metering block 511 and the second metering block 521. The air blowing devices 550 can blow protective airflow toward the surface of the second metering block 521. The protective gas prevents the alloy liquid from adhering to the surfaces of the first metering block 511 and the second metering block 521. This, combined with the smooth coating on the surface, minimizes the residue of the alloy liquid.

[0052] The air blowing device 550 here includes an air blowing ring 551 and a positioning rod 552. The air blowing ring 551 is annularly sleeved on the outside of the corresponding first metering block 511 or second metering block 521. An inclined downward annular air blowing port is opened on the inner wall of the air blowing ring 551. The protective airflow can be blown out through the annular air outlet to prevent the alloy liquid from adhering to the surface of the first metering block 511 or second metering block 521. The positioning rod 552 is connected to the upper end of the air blowing ring 551 and the positioning rod 552 is hollow inside. The positioning rod 552 can fix the air blowing ring 551 on the one hand, and can also deliver the inert airflow on the other hand.

[0053] The first metering block 511 can be externally connected to a separate pumping device to pump inert gas. Similarly, an elastic pumping air bag can be set inside the first telescopic rod 512 or the second telescopic rod 522 to pump inert gas. The internal structure of the first telescopic rod 512 and the second telescopic rod 522 is the same.

[0054] Here, we take the first telescopic rod 512 as an example for explanation. The first telescopic rod 512 includes a base, and a piston is slidably connected to the base. A telescopic end is fixed to the side wall of the piston. The piston divides the interior of the base into a first chamber and a second chamber. The telescopic end and the telescopic control structure are located in the second chamber. An elastic pumping airbag is located in the first chamber. The elastic pumping airbag has a restoring elasticity and is normally in an inflated state. The pumping airbag is connected to two pumping pipes with built-in one-way valves. The first pumping pipe is connected to the interior of the protective cover 100 and is used to extract inert gas from the protective cover 100. The second pumping pipe is connected to the blowing ring 551 and is used to pump the extracted inert gas into the blowing ring 551. During the reciprocating movement of the controlled piston, the pumping airbag can reciprocate to expand and contract under the action of compression and its own elasticity, realizing one-way pumping of inert gas during the expansion and contraction process.

[0055] Step 4: Adding raw materials again. Based on the above measurements, the actual volume of the alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 can be determined. According to the specifications of the casting mold 200, the actual volume of alloy liquid required for casting can be determined. The corresponding difference is the amount of alloy liquid that needs to be added again. The difference is supplemented to avoid insufficient alloy liquid, which would prevent the casting mold 200 from being completely filled and avoid deviations in the size and shape of the final finished alloy block.

[0056] It should be noted that the volume of raw materials added again is preferably from the same batch of nickel-based superalloy raw materials, and the volume of raw materials added again needs to be calculated in reverse based on the purity of the raw materials; the purity can be obtained from the measurement in step two; by calculating the actual measured volume of alloy liquid in step two / the theoretical volume of alloy liquid, the actual loss of nickel-based superalloy is obtained, and the volume of raw materials added again is synchronously increased with reference to the above loss, so as to ensure that the volume obtained after the second smelting and impurity removal of nickel-based superalloy is approximately the same as the predetermined difference, and to avoid excessive deviation in the casting volume.

[0057] Step 5: Measure again. The purpose of this measurement is to verify the actual volume of the nickel-based superalloy liquid in the heating crucible 300. This step can be performed. Similarly, by controlling the descent of the first metering block 511 and the second metering block 521, the actual volume of the alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 can be inferred in reverse. This measurement method is the same as the initial measurement method and will not be described again here.

[0058] It should be noted that, in order to avoid the overflow of molten metal, the above-mentioned scale line should be located at the lower end of the horizontal plane of the top of the heating crucible 300, leaving a certain buffer distance when the molten alloy reaches the scale line, so as to avoid the secondary addition of materials and the overflow of molten alloy during the measurement process.

[0059] Step Six: Casting. After the nickel-based high-temperature alloy is smelted, the positioning block 410 and the heating crucible 300 are deflected toward the casting mold 200 by the deflection drive device 400. The heating crucible 300 is controlled to deflect at a predetermined rate. The alloy liquid in the heating crucible 300 is guided into the casting mold 200 under the action of gravity to achieve casting. The above casting process is well known and will not be described in detail here.

[0060] This article uses the aforementioned nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid as an example for illustration, but those skilled in the art can cast other alloy liquids without departing from the concept of this invention, which is within the protection scope of this invention.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A casting process for nickel-based superalloys, characterized in that, Using a high-temperature alloy casting furnace, the furnace is equipped with a heating crucible (300), a casting mold (200), and a metering device (500), and includes the following steps: S1. The proportioned nickel-based high-temperature alloy raw materials are placed into a heating crucible (300) and heated to above the melting point, and the nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid is purified. S2. After impurity removal and stabilization, the volume of nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid in the heating crucible (300) is measured by a metering device (500). The metering device (500) includes a first metering component (510), which includes a first metering block (511) and a first telescopic rod (512) for controlling the lifting and lowering of the first metering block (511). The first metering block (511) extends into the heating crucible (300) to squeeze the nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid to rise to a predetermined scale line. The actual effective descent height of the first metering block (511) is calculated, and the actual volume of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid in the heating crucible (300) is estimated. The metering device (500) further includes a second metering component (520), which includes a second metering block (521) and a second telescopic rod (522). The cross-sectional dimension of the second metering block (521) is smaller than that of the cross-sectional dimension of the first metering block (511). The heating crucible (300) includes a first heating chamber (310) opposite to the first metering block (511) and a second heating chamber (320) opposite to the second metering block (521), and the first heating chamber (310) and the second heating chamber (320) are connected by a flow channel (330); During the measurement of the liquid volume of nickel-based superalloy, the first metering block (511) descends before the second metering block (521) and rises later than the second metering block (521); S3. Calculate the theoretical volume of the nickel-based superalloy liquid based on the initial mass of added nickel-based superalloy raw materials, calculate the volume difference between the theoretical volume and the actual volume, and add the corresponding mass of nickel-based superalloy raw materials again based on the volume difference. S4. After the nickel-based high-temperature alloy is smelted, control the heating crucible (300) to deflect in the direction of the casting mold (200) to complete the casting of the nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid.

2. The nickel-based superalloy casting process according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the bottom of the first metering block (511) drops to be level with the nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid, it serves as the reference for measuring the actual effective drop height of the first metering block (511). The first metering block (511) continues to drop until the nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid is controlled to rise to the predetermined scale line and then stops dropping. The distance from the reference to the point where the drop stops is the actual effective drop height.

3. The nickel-based superalloy casting process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature alloy casting furnace is also equipped with an air blowing device (550), which includes an air blowing ring (551) and a positioning rod (552). The inner wall of the air blowing ring (551) has an inclined downward annular air blowing port.

4. The nickel-based superalloy casting process according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first telescopic rod (512) includes a base and an elastic pumping airbag. A piston is slidably connected inside the base. A telescopic end is fixed to the side wall of the piston. The piston divides the interior of the base into a first chamber and a second chamber. The telescopic end is located in the second chamber. The elastic pumping airbag is located in the first chamber. The elastic pumping airbag has a restoring elasticity and is normally in an inflated state. The pumping airbag is connected to two pumping pipes with built-in one-way valves. The first pumping pipe is connected to the interior of the high-temperature alloy casting furnace, and the second pumping pipe is connected to the blowing ring (551).

5. The nickel-based superalloy casting process according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the same batch of nickel-based superalloy raw materials are added again, and the amount added is based on the actual loss of the nickel-based superalloy multiplied by the predetermined floating ratio.

6. The nickel-based superalloy casting process according to claim 1, characterized in that, Before casting in step S4, the volume of the nickel-based superalloy liquid in the heating crucible (300) is measured again to verify the actual volume of the nickel-based superalloy liquid in the heating crucible (300).

7. The nickel-based superalloy casting process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The high-temperature alloy casting furnace is also equipped with a deflection drive device (400), which can drive the heating crucible (300) to deflect at a predetermined angle to complete the automatic casting of nickel-based high-temperature alloy liquid.

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