Unmanned aerial vehicle and wireless charging coil integrated structure and heat dissipation system

Abstract

The invention discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle and wireless charging coil integrated structure and a heat dissipation system, and relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, the unmanned aerial vehicle and wireless charging coil integrated structure comprises an unmanned aerial vehicle body and an intelligent wireless charging base; foot stools are arranged on the two sides of the bottom of the unmanned aerial vehicle body, a double-wireless substrate is rotationally connected to the bottom between the foot stools on the two sides, and the double-wireless substrate is matched with the intelligent wireless charging base to complete charging of the intelligent double-cell energy storage module. A variable holder visual module is arranged at a hollow position under the unmanned body; the main control module is used for controlling the switching charging of the intelligent double-cell energy storage module and controlling the rotation of the variable cloud platform vision module; the intelligent wireless charging base is used for charging the unmanned aerial vehicle body. The energy management efficiency, the charging convenience, the heat dissipation performance and the landing stability of the unmanned aerial vehicle in an electric power inspection task can be remarkably improved, the intelligent level and the continuous operation capacity are enhanced, and the unmanned aerial vehicle is particularly suitable for inspection scenes in severe environments such as high temperature and high dust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of drone charging technology, and in particular to an integrated structure and heat dissipation system for a drone and a wireless charging coil. Background Technology

[0002] Power line inspection drones can autonomously inspect photovoltaic power plants, substations, and other similar locations, efficiently identifying contamination, faults, and potential risks on the surface of power equipment. In high-temperature, high-sunlight areas (such as deserts and arid regions), photovoltaic panels and other equipment are prone to a 10%-30% decrease in power generation efficiency due to pollutants such as sand and bird droppings, and may even cause localized overheating damage. Drones, equipped with high-precision sensors and cameras, can quickly scan and detect equipment status, providing real-time data support and significantly improving inspection efficiency and accuracy.

[0003] However, in high-temperature environments, drone operators face challenges such as high temperatures and limited visibility, resulting in high workloads and a risk of heatstroke. Furthermore, existing drones have shortcomings in energy management, vision module utilization, charging efficiency, and structural design, limiting their ability to operate continuously in complex environments and their level of intelligence.

[0004] Traditional drones have limited battery life, requiring frequent returns to their hives for charging or manual battery replacement, leading to interruptions in inspection missions and reduced overall operational efficiency. Furthermore, existing vision modules are typically used only for inspection tasks, lacking multi-functional reuse capabilities and unable to simultaneously support accurate identification and positioning during charging and landing, resulting in low equipment utilization. Wireless charging technology provides drones with an efficient and automated energy replenishment solution. By deploying wireless charging base stations near the inspection area or equipment, drones can autonomously fly to the charging area when their battery is low, achieving contactless fast charging using electric field coupling technology, without human intervention. This technology, combined with the drone's autonomous navigation system, enables precise docking with the charging platform, significantly reducing downtime and improving continuous inspection capabilities. However, existing drone wireless charging modules are usually fixed to the bottom of the fuselage with multiple screws, making installation and disassembly cumbersome and inconvenient for later maintenance. In addition, insufficient heat dissipation affects charging efficiency and equipment lifespan. Furthermore, existing drone structural designs do not adequately consider wind resistance and dynamic environmental adaptability, making it difficult to cope with complex environmental factors such as gusts, thus limiting cruising capabilities and operational efficiency.

[0005] Existing charging base station designs also have shortcomings, lacking efficient positioning markers and auxiliary positioning systems, making it difficult to ensure high-precision alignment during drone landing, affecting charging efficiency and landing safety. Meanwhile, traditional drone landing gear designs are complex, bulky, and heavy, increasing flight drag and manufacturing difficulty, reducing endurance and mission execution efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an integrated structure and heat dissipation system for the drone and wireless charging coil to optimize energy management, equipment utilization, charging efficiency, heat dissipation performance, and structural design, thereby further enhancing the intelligence, reliability, and operational efficiency of drones in power line inspection tasks. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the above shortcomings, this invention provides an integrated structure and heat dissipation system for a drone and a wireless charging coil. This significantly improves the drone's energy management efficiency, charging convenience, heat dissipation performance, and landing stability during power line inspection tasks, enhancing its intelligence level and continuous operation capability. It is particularly suitable for inspection scenarios in harsh environments such as high temperature and high dust. The specific technical solution is as follows: An integrated structure of a drone and a wireless charging coil, comprising the drone body and a smart wireless charging base; The drone body is equipped with a main control module and an intelligent dual-cell energy storage module. The drone body is equipped with feet on both sides of the bottom, and a dual wireless base plate is rotatably connected between the two feet. The dual wireless base plate is matched with the intelligent wireless charging base to complete the charging of the intelligent dual-cell energy storage module. A variable gimbal vision module is installed in the hollowed-out position directly below the unmanned vehicle and the main body. The main control module is used to control the switching charging of the intelligent dual-cell energy storage module and the rotation of the variable cloud platform vision module.

[0007] Preferably, the main control module is enclosed and located inside the drone body, and the intelligent dual-cell energy storage module is installed in a reserved compartment on the top of the drone body. The main control module is connected to the intelligent dual-cell energy storage module via a lead wire and controls the switching of the charging mode of the intelligent dual-cell energy storage module.

[0008] Preferably, the dual wireless baseboard includes a first charging baseboard and a second charging baseboard, and the first charging baseboard and the second charging baseboard are rotatably connected to the two sides of the tripod.

[0009] Preferably, the first charging substrate and the second substrate are designed with a hollowed-out staggered ring-shaped deformation to have heat dissipation channels.

[0010] Preferably, the first charging base and the two ends of the second charging base are fixedly connected by a fixing block. The fixing block is connected to a central control connecting rod. The connecting rod passes through both sides of the foot bracket. A resistance spring is sleeved on the connecting rod that passes through the foot bracket. A nut is threaded onto the outer side of the resistance spring.

[0011] Preferably, a circular hole is provided at the center of both the first charging substrate and the second charging substrate.

[0012] Preferably, the first charging substrate and the second charging substrate are copper plates, and both the surface of the first charging substrate and the second charging substrate are provided with an anti-oxidation coating.

[0013] Preferably, the bottom of the stand is a tapered slope, and the smart wireless charging base has a limiting slot corresponding to the tapered slope.

[0014] Preferably, the smart wireless charging base has ArUco QR codes at its four corners and a positioning mark at its center.

[0015] A drone heat dissipation system based on the above structure includes heat dissipation vents on the two sides of the landing gear, the heat dissipation vents cooperating with the hollowed-out first charging substrate and second charging substrate to form the heat dissipation system. Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In this invention, the battery energy storage, charging plates, landing frames, landing alignment, and heat dissipation of the wireless charging drone are integrated into a single design. The wireless charging plates adopt a double-layer plate structure. Under different working conditions, the two charging plates are scheduled through the power management module to achieve optimal charging management for the two battery cells.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the charging base plate adopts a hollow design, and the two charging base plates are designed with drag springs. This enables the charging base to adjust its connection attitude with the wind during flight. The drag springs can adjust the resistance at the connection point to prevent the charging base from swaying arbitrarily due to light wind disturbances. This also plays a certain role in low-pass filtering, ensuring that the orientation of the charging base plate is always consistent with the direction of the average wind speed.

[0017] 3. In this invention, two measures are taken to ensure that the drone lands at the exact center of the nest: the charging base plate adopts a ring design, and the central hole allows the camera gimbal to easily observe the landing mark on the nest when looking down, thereby using visual algorithms to adjust the drone's posture and ensure the accuracy of the fixed-point landing; in addition, the drone's landing gear contacts the nest with a conical slope, and corresponding limit slots are set at the contact point on the hangar platform to ensure that the drone lands in the exact position, thereby improving the wireless charging efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly describes the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals throughout the drawings. Elements or parts in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the tripod and the dual wireless baseboard of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dual wireless substrate structure in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent wireless charging base structure in this invention.

[0020] In the diagram, 1-Drone body, 2-Main control module, 3-Intelligent dual-core energy storage module, 4-Legs, 5-Dual wireless baseboard, 6-Vision module, 7-Intelligent wireless charging base, 8-First charging baseboard, 9-Second charging baseboard, 10-Heat dissipation channel, 11-Fixing block, 12-Connecting rod, 13-Resistance spring, 14-Nut, 15-Round hole, 16-Limiting slot, 17-QR code, 18-Positioning mark, 19-Heat dissipation vent. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0023] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," and "exceeding" are understood to exclude the stated number, while "above," "below," and "within" are understood to include the stated number. Where the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes and to distinguish technical features, they should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance, or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features, or implicitly indicating the sequential relationship of the indicated technical features.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0025] Example 1 Please see Figure 1-4 An integrated structure of a drone and a wireless charging coil is disclosed, comprising a drone body 1 and a smart wireless charging base 7; the drone body 1 is equipped with a main control module 2 and a smart dual-cell energy storage module 3; the bottom of the drone body 1 is provided with feet 4 on both sides, and a dual wireless base plate 5 is rotatably connected between the bottom of the two feet 4, the dual wireless base plate 5 and the smart wireless charging base 7 are matched to complete the charging of the smart dual-cell energy storage module 3; a variable gimbal vision module 6 is provided in the hollow position directly below the drone and the main body; the main control module 2 is used to control the switching charging of the smart dual-cell energy storage module 3 and to control the rotation of the variable gimbal vision module 6; the smart wireless charging base 7 is used to charge the drone body 1.

[0026] In the above solution, the rotation angle of the vision module 6 can be adjusted through the main control module 2. The vision module 6 can be a high-definition camera module. The variable gimbal vision module 6 is located in the hollow area in the middle of the integrated pod directly below the drone body 1. The gimbal and the camera module are detachably connected by screws. The intelligent gimbal base supports two working modes: in cruise mode, the view of the vision module 6 is consistent with the flight direction of the drone, optimizing the identification of inspection targets and data collection; in charging and landing mode, the view is adjusted to vertically downward to identify the charging station QR code 17 and positioning mark 18, achieving precise landing and charging alignment. At the same time, by reusing the vision module 6 by the gimbal, the equipment utilization rate is optimized, the mission flexibility is enhanced, and the endurance is improved. In addition, by reusing the vision module 6, the amount of hardware equipment carried by the drone is reduced, the weight of the drone itself is reduced, and the endurance of the drone is indirectly improved. The energy storage module is installed in a reserved slot on the top of the drone. It connects to the female connector on the main body via a male connector and uses eight pairs of leads to transmit cell status, charge / discharge management, grounding interface, and overcurrent protection signals. Mechanical clips and electromagnetic locks ensure stability. The intelligent power management system supports three operating modes: single-cell priority (cell A), switching to cell B when the battery level drops below 20%, simultaneous power supply of both cells under high load, and emergency charging mode (prioritizing fast charging of cell A for urgent tasks), and balanced charging of both cells A and B for regular tasks. The switching of charging modes is based on the power management unit built into the main control module 2, which monitors the power level. The power management unit dynamically allocates the current of the C and D substrates through switching circuits such as MOSFET switching arrays, enabling free switching between single and dual cells. The main control module 2 is enclosed in the central control cavity of the main body. The top female connector is connected to the energy storage module. It has a built-in ARM Cortex-M7 processor, navigation, communication and task scheduling functions, and coordinates the energy storage and vision module 6 to ensure efficient inspection. The use of dual battery cells improves the flexibility of task execution, improves the safety and reliability of drone flight and the drone's endurance, and improves the efficiency of wireless charging, which indirectly improves the efficiency of drone task execution and cruise capability.

[0027] The dual wireless baseboard 5 is located below the integrated pod and includes a double-layer charging baseboard with a hollowed-out, staggered, ring-shaped deformation design. The staggered ring structure of the double-layer baseboard increases the electromagnetic coupling area, improving wireless charging efficiency; the hollow design provides pre-reserved heat dissipation channels 10 to meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power charging, ensuring long-term operational stability. The baseboard uses 1mm copper plates with an anti-oxidation coating to enhance high-temperature and corrosion resistance. The dual baseboard design, combined with a dual-cell energy storage system, significantly improves the flexibility and efficiency of wireless charging, effectively enhancing the drone's mission cruise capability and shortening the response time for emergency missions. The dual baseboard charging structure is designed to accommodate wireless charging drones carrying dual batteries for inspection missions; in this case, charging current distribution needs to be tailored to the mission scenario.

[0028] As a further embodiment, the main control module 2 is enclosed and installed inside the drone body 1, and the intelligent dual-cell energy storage module 3 is installed in the reserved compartment on the top of the drone body 1. The main control module 2 is connected to the intelligent dual-cell energy storage module 3 by a lead wire and controls the switching of the charging mode of the intelligent dual-cell energy storage module 3.

[0029] As a further embodiment, the dual wireless baseboard 5 includes a first charging baseboard 8 and a second charging baseboard 9, which are rotatably connected to the two side stands 4 respectively.

[0030] It is understandable that the first charging base plate 8 and the second charging base plate 9 are set at intervals. Under the action of wind, they can be deflected on the landing gear 4. The two base plates dynamically adjust their angles according to the wind direction during flight. When the drone is flying, the first charging base plate 8 and the second charging base plate 9 will be passively adjusted to the direction of least resistance, reducing gust drag and improving cruise efficiency.

[0031] As a further embodiment, the first charging substrate 8 and the second substrate are designed with a hollowed-out staggered ring-shaped deformation to have heat dissipation channels 10.

[0032] It is understandable that the heat dissipation channel 10 helps to meet the heat dissipation requirements of high-power charging and ensure long-term operational stability.

[0033] As a further embodiment, the first charging base and the second charging base plate 9 are fixedly connected at both ends by a fixing block 11. The fixing block 11 is connected to a central control connecting rod 12. The connecting rod 12 passes through both sides of the foot bracket 4. A resistance spring 13 is sleeved on the connecting rod 12 that passes through the foot bracket 4. A nut 14 is threadedly connected to the outer side of the resistance spring 13.

[0034] It is understandable that the drag spring 13 is arranged around the dual wireless base plate 5, supporting the base plate to dynamically adjust its angle according to the wind direction during flight, such as... Figure 4 As shown, when the drone is in flight, the base plate passively adjusts to the direction of least resistance, reducing gust drag and improving cruising efficiency. The first charging base plate 8 and the second charging base plate 9 are connected to the outer cabin by a rigid hollow connecting rod 12 and a drag spring 13. As the knob nut is tightened, the tilt angle of the double-layer charging base plate gradually becomes fixed; conversely, the tilt angle of the double-layer charging base plate can rotate freely under low frictional resistance. The travel of the knob nut can be manually adjusted to change the contact frictional resistance of the spring, thereby enabling the wireless charging base plate to naturally adjust its direction under wind force under given damping conditions, thus reducing wind resistance.

[0035] As a further embodiment, a circular hole 15 is provided at the center of both the first charging substrate 8 and the second charging substrate 9.

[0036] It is understandable that when the vision module 6 is facing downwards, it can capture objects below through the circular hole 15, such as the QR code 17 on the base, which makes it easier for the drone to obtain positioning information when landing, enabling it to land more accurately.

[0037] As a further embodiment, the first charging substrate 8 and the second charging substrate 9 are copper plates, and both the surface of the first charging substrate 8 and the second charging substrate 9 are provided with an anti-oxidation coating.

[0038] Understandably, applying a wear-resistant coating to the surface and adding custom anti-slip and shock-absorbing pads enhances the wear and shock resistance when landing on complex terrains such as gravel surfaces.

[0039] As a further embodiment, the bottom of the stand 4 is a tapered slope, and the smart wireless charging base 7 is provided with a limiting slot 16 corresponding to the tapered slope.

[0040] As can be understood, tripod 4 is an integrated unit located at the bottom of the integrated pod. It features a tapered, sloping design, which reduces overall weight and increases cruising range. Simultaneously, it precisely matches the charging base's limiting slot 16, ensuring landing stability. Tripod 4 utilizes a modular, one-piece molding process, facilitating manufacturing and replacement. The integrated design also ensures higher alignment accuracy, optimal wireless charging position, and maximum wireless charging efficiency.

[0041] As a further embodiment, the smart wireless charging base 7 has ArUco QR codes 17 at its four corners and a positioning mark 18 at its center.

[0042] It is understandable that the intelligent wireless charging base 7 optimizes the landing and charging process. ArUco QR codes 17603 are placed at the four corners of the base to assist the drone in landing and positioning via the vision module 6, and to identify the charging station number and status information, facilitating task scheduling and drone status queries. The center of the base uses a high-contrast dedicated positioning marker 18, coupled with a proprietary recognition and positioning algorithm based on concentric ring position estimation and corner point pose estimation. The dedicated marker is broken down into two stages: the first stage relies on cv2.HoughCircles to detect rings, requiring adjustments to parameters such as minRadius and maxRadius to adapt to different scenarios; the second stage uses cv2.findContours and cv2.approxPolyDP to detect rectangles. Combined with the limiting slot 16, this ensures millimeter-level alignment accuracy and precise positioning of the tripod 4, improving charging power and efficiency. Combined with a self-developed marking algorithm, positioning accuracy is improved, ensuring safety and stability during descent. Simultaneously, the accuracy of charging position alignment is enhanced, ensuring wireless charging efficiency. It's worth noting that simple functions from the OpenCV library can be used to quickly identify descent markers, and pose calculations can be performed at a higher frame rate, ensuring high-frequency pose control during the final stage of descent. Compared to common "H"-shaped landmarks, cooperative rectangular landmarks, and cooperative ArUco landmarks, with similar computation time, pose accuracy is improved from the centimeter level to the millimeter level.

[0043] Example 2 A drone heat dissipation system includes heat dissipation vents 19 on two side legs 4, and the heat dissipation vents 19 cooperate with a first charging substrate 8 and a second charging substrate 9 with a hollow design to form a heat dissipation system.

[0044] It is understood that a heat dissipation system is formed by the heat dissipation vents 19 on both sides and the heat dissipation channels 10 on the first charging substrate 8 and the second charging substrate 9, which can accelerate the airflow and thus effectively improve the overall heat dissipation efficiency and overall heat dissipation effect of the drone.

[0045] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An integrated structure of a drone and a wireless charging coil, characterized in that, Includes the drone body (1) and the smart wireless charging base (7). The UAV body (1) is equipped with a main control module (2) and an intelligent dual-cell energy storage module (3). The drone body (1) has feet (4) on both sides of the bottom. A dual wireless base plate (5) is rotatably connected between the feet (4) on both sides. The dual wireless base plate (5) matches the smart wireless charging base (7) to charge the smart dual-cell energy storage module (3). A variable gimbal vision module (6) is installed in the hollowed-out position directly below the unmanned body and the main body. The main control module (2) is used to control the switching charging of the intelligent dual-cell energy storage module (3) and to control the rotation of the variable cloud platform vision module (6); The intelligent wireless charging base (7) is used to charge the drone body (1).

2. The integrated structure of the drone and wireless charging coil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control module (2) is enclosed and located inside the UAV body (1). The intelligent dual-cell energy storage module (3) is installed in the reserved compartment on the top of the UAV body (1). The main control module (2) is connected to the intelligent dual-cell energy storage module (3) by a lead wire and controls the switching of the charging mode of the intelligent dual-cell energy storage module (3).

3. The integrated structure of the drone and wireless charging coil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dual wireless baseboard (5) includes a first charging baseboard (8) and a second charging baseboard (9), and the first charging baseboard (8) and the second charging baseboard (9) are rotatably connected to the two side stands (4).

4. The integrated structure of the drone and wireless charging coil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first charging substrate (8) and the second substrate are designed with a hollowed-out staggered ring-shaped deformation and have heat dissipation channels (10).

5. The integrated structure of the drone and wireless charging coil according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first charging base and the second charging base (9) are fixedly connected at both ends by a fixing block (11). The fixing block (11) is connected to a central control connecting rod (12). The connecting rod (12) passes through both sides of the foot (4). A resistance spring (13) is sleeved on the connecting rod (12) that passes through the foot (4). A nut (14) is threaded on the outer side of the resistance spring (13).

6. The integrated structure of the drone and wireless charging coil according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first charging substrate (8) and the second charging substrate (9) have a circular hole (15) at their center.

7. The integrated structure of the drone and wireless charging coil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first charging substrate (8) and the second charging substrate (9) are copper plates, and both the surface of the first charging substrate (8) and the second charging substrate (9) are provided with an anti-oxidation coating.

8. The integrated structure of the drone and wireless charging coil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the stand (4) is a tapered slope, and the smart wireless charging base (7) is provided with a limiting slot (16) corresponding to the tapered slope.

9. The integrated structure of the drone and wireless charging coil according to claim 1, characterized in that, ArUco QR codes (17) are set at the four corners of the smart wireless charging base (7), and a positioning mark (18) is set at the center of the smart wireless charging base (7).

10. A UAV heat dissipation system based on the structure described in any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, It includes heat dissipation vents (19) on the legs (4) on both sides, and the heat dissipation vents (19) cooperate with the hollowed-out first charging substrate (8) and second charging substrate (9) to form the heat dissipation system.

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