Device for separating low-boiling-point substances in white spirit based on pneumatic reflux

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for separating low-boiling-point substances in white spirit based on pneumatic reflux. The device comprises a gas source, a separation tank, a condensation assembly and a reflux assembly, the air source is communicated with the separation tank, the separation tank is provided with an air outlet hole matched with the condensation assembly, and the condensation assembly is communicated with the separation tank through the air outlet hole; multiple stages of condensation parts with different condensation temperatures are arranged on the condensation assembly, each stage of condensation part is communicated with the separation tank through a reflux assembly, and at least one group of recoverers is arranged in the reflux assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of liquor impurity removal technology, and in particular to a device for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu based on pneumatic reflux. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional distillation methods separate alcohols from impurities based on the difference in boiling points. For example, multiple distillations remove low-boiling-point harmful substances such as hydrocyanic acid (boiling point 25.7℃) and acetaldehyde (boiling point 20.8℃). However, this process requires maintaining a high-temperature environment (typically >78℃), causing key flavor compounds such as esters (e.g., ethyl acetate) to evaporate and be lost along with the impurities due to azeotropic effects. Furthermore, high temperatures can induce side reactions, generating fusel oils, further degrading the taste of the spirit. To reduce flavor loss, some technologies have attempted to introduce multi-stage distillation columns. While this can improve separation accuracy, it significantly increases energy consumption and still cannot completely prevent ester decomposition.

[0003] Adsorption methods (such as activated carbon and macroporous resins) remove impurities through selective adsorption, theoretically avoiding the impact of high temperatures on flavor compounds. However, in practical applications, adsorbents have limited adsorption capacity for low-boiling-point substances such as hydrocyanic acid, and the regeneration process is complex: activated carbon requires high-temperature calcination, leading to the collapse of its microporous structure, and its adsorption efficiency decreases by more than 40% after three uses; resins require alternating acid and alkali cleaning, with each regeneration cost accounting for 30% of the total operating cost, and wastewater treatment can easily cause secondary pollution. More importantly, adsorbents have difficulty distinguishing between impurities and flavor compounds with similar molecular structures (such as acetaldehyde and ethyl acetate), resulting in the simultaneous adsorption of beneficial components and a significant weakening of the aroma profile in the wine.

[0004] Low-temperature membrane separation technologies (such as nanofiltration and reverse osmosis) achieve material separation at room temperature through membrane pore size sieving, theoretically offering advantages in both low energy consumption and flavor retention. However, this technology faces a dual bottleneck: firstly, the equipment investment is high, with membrane modules costing 3-5 times more than traditional distillation columns, and requiring sophisticated pressure and flow control systems, which is difficult for small and medium-sized wineries to afford; secondly, colloids and organic acids in baijiu (Chinese liquor) easily cause membrane fouling, leading to flux decline and requiring frequent chemical cleaning, which not only shortens membrane life but also introduces the risk of cleaning agent residue.

[0005] In addition, the membrane material's insufficient selectivity for low-boiling-point small molecules, which makes it unable to effectively intercept ultra-small molecule impurities such as hydrogen cyanide, also leads to a decrease in separation efficiency.

[0006] Existing improvement solutions have failed to fundamentally overcome technical bottlenecks: for example, although vacuum distillation can lower the boiling point and reduce the damage of high temperature to esters, the equipment sealing requirements are extremely high, which will lead to increased maintenance costs, and the volatilization efficiency of low-boiling-point impurities will also decrease; although molecular distillation technology improves separation accuracy, its equipment investment will increase further.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a liquor impurity removal technology that can efficiently separate low-boiling-point impurities at low temperatures, retain flavor substances to the maximum extent, and at the same time take into account low energy consumption and low cost. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu based on pneumatic reflux, which solves the problem that existing technologies cannot efficiently, cost-effectively, and with low energy consumption remove impurities from baijiu while maximizing the preservation of flavor substances.

[0009] This invention is achieved through the following scheme: A device for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu (Chinese liquor) based on pneumatic reflux includes a gas source, a separation tank, a condensation component, and a reflux component. The gas source is connected to the separation tank, and the separation tank is provided with a gas outlet that cooperates with the condensation component. The condensation component is connected to the separation tank through the gas outlet. The condensation component is provided with multiple condensation sections with different condensation temperatures. Each condensation section is connected to the separation tank through the reflux component. The reflux component is provided with at least one set of recovery devices.

[0010] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned device for separating low-boiling-point substances in liquor using pneumatic reflux, the condensing component is set at a predetermined angle to the horizontal plane, and the condensing temperature of the condensing part is gradually reduced along the length of the condensing component.

[0011] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned device for separating low-boiling-point substances in liquor using pneumatic reflux, the gas source includes a nitrogen generator and an inlet pipe. The nitrogen generator is equipped with a nitrogen regulating switch for controlling the nitrogen generation efficiency, and the inlet pipe is connected to the separation tank and the nitrogen generator respectively.

[0012] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned device for separating low-boiling-point substances in liquor using pneumatic reflux, the separation tank includes a tank body, an air inlet, an air outlet, a support, and a gas distribution plate; the support is located at the bottom of the tank body, the air inlet is located at the center of the bottom of the tank body, the gas distribution plate is located inside the tank body, the gas distribution plate is provided with multiple microporous structures, and the gas distribution plate is connected to the air inlet.

[0013] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned device for separating low-boiling-point substances in liquor using pneumatic reflux, the condensation assembly includes a first condenser, a second condenser, a third condenser, a fourth condenser, and a guide pipe; the first condenser, the second condenser, the third condenser, and the fourth condenser are spaced apart along the length of the guide pipe, and the guide pipe is inclinedly positioned at the top of the separation tank and connected to the air outlet at the top of the separation tank.

[0014] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned device for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu using pneumatic reflux, the first condenser is externally connected to a first condensing circulation machine and a first condensing reflux pipe; the first condensing circulation machine is connected to the first condenser via a first condensing reflux tank; the second condenser is externally connected to a second condensing circulation machine and a second condensing reflux pipe; the second condensing circulation machine is connected to the second condenser via a second condensing reflux tank; the third condenser is externally connected to a third condensing circulation machine and a third condensing reflux pipe; the third condensing circulation machine is connected to the third condenser via a third condensing reflux tank; the fourth condenser is externally connected to a fourth condensing circulation machine and a fourth condensing reflux pipe; the fourth condensing circulation machine is connected to the fourth condenser via a fourth condensing reflux tank.

[0015] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned device for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu using pneumatic reflux, the condensation temperature of the first condenser is set to 10℃, the condensation temperature of the second condenser is set to 5℃, the condensation temperature of the third condenser is set to 0℃, and the condensation temperature of the fourth condenser is set to -5℃.

[0016] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned device for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu by pneumatic reflux, the first condenser, the second condenser, the third condenser and the fourth condenser are all provided with spiral guide vanes. The spiral guide vanes are cylindrical in shape and have baffles. The spiral guide vanes are made of hollow mesh material.

[0017] Based on the structure of the above-mentioned device for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu using pneumatic reflux, the reflux assembly includes a first reflux element, a second reflux element, a third reflux element, and a fourth reflux element; the first reflux element is connected to a first condenser and a separation tower respectively; the second reflux element is connected to a second condenser and a separation tower respectively; the third reflux element is connected to a third condenser and a separation tower respectively; the fourth reflux element is connected to a fourth condenser and a separation tower respectively; the recovery unit is disposed on the third reflux element and the fourth reflux element, and the recovery unit is also provided with a valve.

[0018] This solution provides a method for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu (Chinese liquor) based on pneumatic reflux, including the following steps: Step 1: Compressed nitrogen gas is introduced into the wine in the separator through a microporous aerator to form a uniform flow of microbubbles; the agitation and stirring of the bubbles cause the low-boiling-point substances to vaporize. Step 2: Simultaneously activate the condensation components, and adjust the condensation temperature of the condensation section at different heights to 10℃ / 5℃ / 0℃ / -5℃; gradient condensation achieves graded collection of substances with different boiling points; Step 3: The condensate from the first and second condensers is directly returned; the condensate from the third and fourth condensers is temporarily stored in the recovery unit. The detection component detects the composition of the condensate in the recovery unit. If the composition of the low-boiling-point medium exceeds the preset value, the condensate in the recovery unit is discharged. If the composition of the low-boiling-point medium is lower than the preset value, the condensate in the recovery unit is returned.

[0019] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this solution, the separation tank contains the liquor to be purified. The gas source enters the separation tank through a pipeline to stir the liquor, promoting the vaporization of low-boiling-point substances. After vaporization, the mixed gas flows along the direction of the condenser assembly. Through a multi-stage condenser, different components are condensed, accurately recovering the liquor and maximizing the removal of low-boiling-point substances from the liquor through the recovery unit. This solution does not require heating the liquor; the gas source's kinetic energy is used to agitate and vaporize the low-boiling-point substances. This not only improves the overall operational safety but also avoids the component loss and flavor degradation that may occur with traditional heating.

[0020] 2. This solution uses gas kinetic energy to replace traditional heating methods, improving operational safety while avoiding component loss and flavor degradation that may occur with traditional heating. 3. This scheme achieves selective separation through a dynamic equilibrium separation mechanism: utilizing the cyclical process of material agitation, vaporization, and condensation. 4. This solution uses infrared spectroscopy analysis technology to monitor data online and automatically adjusts the gas flow rate and condensation temperature. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral guide vane in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the gradient condensation system in this invention; Figure Descriptions: 1. Gas source; 2. Separator; 3. Condensation assembly; 4. Reflux assembly; 5. Recovery unit; 6. Tail gas treatment device; 11. Nitrogen generator; 12. Inlet pipe; 21. Tank body; 22. Inlet port; 23. Outlet port; 24. Support; 25. Gas distribution plate; 31. First condenser; 32. Second condenser; 33. Third condenser; 34. Fourth condenser; 35. Guide pipe; 36. Spiral guide pipe 37. Baffle plate; 311. First condenser circulator; 312. First condenser reflux pipe; 321. Second condenser circulator; 322. Second condenser reflux pipe; 331. Third condenser circulator; 332. Third condenser reflux pipe; 341. Fourth condenser circulator; 342. Fourth condenser reflux pipe; 41. First reflux component; 42. Second reflux component; 43. Third reflux component; 44. Fourth reflux component; 45. Valve. Detailed Implementation

[0022] All features disclosed in this specification, or all steps in the disclosed methods or processes, except mutually exclusive features and / or steps, can be combined in any manner.

[0023] Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any appended claims and abstract) may be replaced by other equivalent or similar features, unless specifically stated otherwise. That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is merely one example of a series of equivalent or similar features.

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first," "second," etc., may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0026] Example 1 like Figures 1-3 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: A device for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu based on pneumatic reflux includes, but is not limited to, a gas source 1, a separation tank 2, a condensation component 3, and a reflux component 4; the gas source 1 is connected to the separation tank 2, the separation tank 2 is provided with a gas outlet 23 that cooperates with the condensation component 3, and the condensation component 3 is connected to the separation tank 2 through the gas outlet 23; the condensation component 3 is provided with multiple condensation sections with different condensation temperatures, each condensation section is connected to the separation tank 2 through the reflux component 4, and at least one set of recovery devices 5 is provided in the reflux component 4.

[0027] Based on the above structure, the separator 2 contains the liquor to be purified. The gas source 1 enters the separator 2 through a pipeline to stir the liquor and promote the vaporization of low-boiling-point substances in the liquor. After vaporization, the mixed gas flows along the direction of the condenser 3. Through the multi-stage condenser, different components are condensed, and the liquor is accurately recovered. The low-boiling-point substances in the liquor are removed to the maximum extent by the collector 5. This solution does not require heating the liquor. The gas kinetic energy of the gas source 1 is used to disturb the low-boiling-point substances and vaporize them. This not only improves the safety of the overall operation, but also avoids the component loss and flavor destruction that may be caused by traditional heating.

[0028] As an example, the condenser assembly 3 is set at a predetermined angle to the horizontal plane, and the condensation temperature of the condenser part is gradually reduced along the length of the condenser assembly 3.

[0029] Based on the above structure, setting the condenser assembly 3 at a predetermined angle to the horizontal plane facilitates smooth gas flow and improves the condensation and reflux efficiency of the mixed gas in the condenser assembly 3, making the entire pneumatic stirring and reflux process more efficient and stable. By setting the condensation temperature of the condenser section to gradually decrease along the length of the condenser assembly 3, the alcohol vapor can be condensed first, followed by the condensation of low-boiling-point substances, achieving segmented condensation and maximizing the condensation efficiency of low-boiling-point substances, thereby increasing the efficiency of alcohol escape.

[0030] As an example, the gas source 1 may include a nitrogen generator 11 and an air inlet pipe 12. The nitrogen generator 11 is provided with a nitrogen regulating switch for controlling the nitrogen generation efficiency. The air inlet pipe 12 is connected to the separator 2 and the nitrogen generator 11 respectively.

[0031] Based on the above structure, compressed nitrogen is supplied to the separation tank 2 through the nitrogen generator 11. As an inert gas, nitrogen will not react with the wine. At the same time, the gas kinetic energy generated by nitrogen can disturb the wine in the separation tank 2, so that low-boiling-point substances can be better vaporized.

[0032] As an example, the separation tank 2 may include a tank body 21, an air inlet 22, an air outlet 23, a support 24, and a gas distribution plate 25; the support 24 is located at the bottom of the tank body 21, the air inlet 22 is located at the center of the bottom of the tank body 21, the gas distribution plate 25 is located inside the tank body 21, the gas distribution plate 25 is provided with multiple microporous structures, and the gas distribution plate 25 is connected to the air inlet 22.

[0033] Based on the above structure, the tank 21 is lifted by the support 24 to provide assembly space for the air inlet 22 and the air inlet pipe 12. The air inlet 22 is set in the center so that the air can be distributed more evenly on the gas distribution plate 25 after intake. At the same time, a microporous structure is set on the gas distribution plate 25, and nitrogen forms a uniform microbubble flow through the microporous aeration head. Under the power input of compressed nitrogen, the microbubbles can effectively stir the wine during the rising process in the tower, promote the vaporization of low boiling point substances, and the inert gas (nitrogen) carries these vaporized substances to the condensation component 3.

[0034] As an example, the condensing assembly 3 may include a first condenser 31, a second condenser 32, a third condenser 33, a fourth condenser 34, and a guide pipe 35; the first condenser 31, the second condenser 32, the third condenser 33, and the fourth condenser 34 are spaced apart along the length of the guide pipe 35, and the guide pipe 35 is inclinedly disposed at the top of the separator tank 2 and connected to the air outlet 23 at the top of the separator tank 2; The first condenser 31 is externally connected to a first condensing circulator 311 and a first condensing return pipe 312; the first condensing circulator 311 is connected to the first condenser 31 through a first condensing return tank; through the independent first condensing circulator 311, the temperature of the first condenser 31 can be individually controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the first condensing return pipe 312. The second condenser 32 is externally connected to a second condensing circulator 321 and a second condensing reflux pipe 322; the second condensing circulator 321 is connected to the second condenser 32 through a second condensing reflux tank; through the independent second condensing circulator 321, the temperature of the second condenser 32 can be individually controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the second condensing reflux pipe 322. The third condenser 33 is externally connected to a third condensing circulator 331 and a third condensing reflux pipe 332; the third condensing circulator 331 is connected to the third condenser 33 through a third condensing reflux tank; through the independent third condensing circulator 331, the temperature of different third condensers 33 can be individually controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the third condensing reflux pipe 332. The fourth condenser 34 is externally connected to a fourth condensing circulator 341 and a fourth condensing reflux pipe 342; the fourth condensing circulator 341 is connected to the fourth condenser 34 through a fourth condensing reflux tank. Through the independent fourth condensing circulator 341, the temperature of the fourth condenser 34 can be individually controlled by adjusting the flow rate of the heat exchange medium in the fourth condensing reflux pipe 342. Based on the above structure, this solution allows for the condensation of different components in the mixed gas at different heights by adjusting the condenser temperature at different heights. Hydrogen cyanide has a boiling point of 25.7℃, and acetaldehyde has a boiling point of 20.8℃. Both of these substances are low-boiling-point harmful substances and need to be removed. The boiling point of alcoholic beverages is usually above 80℃. The different boiling points of different components will lead to different condensation capabilities. High-boiling-point substances have stronger condensation capabilities and will be condensed at higher temperatures compared to low-boiling-point substances, while low-boiling-point substances will be condensed at lower temperatures. Therefore, by setting different temperatures for the condenser at different heights, the condensation of different substances at different heights can be achieved.

[0035] As an example, the condensing temperature of the first condenser 31 is set to 10°C, the condensing temperature of the second condenser 32 is set to 5°C, the condensing temperature of the third condenser 33 is set to 0°C, and the condensing temperature of the fourth condenser 34 is set to -5°C.

[0036] Based on the above structure, experimental tests show that the liquor or other flavor substances will condense between 5℃ and 10℃. Therefore, a two-stage condenser is set up for condensing the liquor. Hydrogen cyanide and acetaldehyde will condense between 0℃ and -5℃, so a two-stage condenser is set up for condensing hydrogen cyanide and acetaldehyde. In this way, different media can be condensed by different condensation temperatures, achieving efficient separation. Independent temperature control can accurately condense substances with different boiling points. The multi-stage gradient condensation system ensures zero loss of substances.

[0037] As an example, spiral guide vanes 36 are provided in the first condenser 31, the second condenser 32, the third condenser 33, and the fourth condenser 34. The spiral guide vanes 36 can be cylindrical in shape, and baffles 37 are provided in the spiral guide vanes 36. The spiral guide vanes 36 can be made of a hollow mesh material.

[0038] Based on the above structure, the spiral guide vane 36 is cylindrical in shape and can be fitted into the condenser. The baffle 37 is set in the spiral guide vane 36 to increase the contact area with the gas and improve the condensation effect. The spiral guide vane 36 is made of hollow material to increase the contact area with the gas and further improve the condensation effect.

[0039] As an example, the reflux assembly 4 may include a first reflux member 41, a second reflux member 42, a third reflux member 43, and a fourth reflux member 44; the first reflux member 41 is connected to the first condenser 31 and the separation tower respectively; the second reflux member 42 is connected to the second condenser 32 and the separation tower respectively; the third reflux member 43 is connected to the third condenser 33 and the separation tower respectively; the fourth reflux member 44 is connected to the fourth condenser 34 and the separation tower respectively; the recovery unit 5 is disposed on the third reflux member 43 and the fourth reflux member 44, and the recovery unit 5 is also provided with a valve 45.

[0040] Based on the above structure, since the first condenser 31 and the second condenser 32 are for condensing the liquor, a direct reflux method can be used for reflux. The third condenser 33 and the fourth condenser 34 are for recovering low-boiling-point harmful substances, so the recovery unit 5 is set on the third reflux unit 43 and the fourth reflux unit 44. The decision to reflux or discharge the liquid medium is made based on the detection of its composition in the recovery unit 5. In this scheme, because compressed nitrogen is used, its per-unit-time flow rate is relatively large, which may result in the liquor medium not being able to pass through the first condenser 31 and the second condenser 32. In the case of complete condensation in condenser 32, and in the case of low-boiling-point substances being condensed together in the third condenser 33 and the fourth condenser 34, it is necessary to install a recovery unit 5 on the third return unit 43 and the fourth return unit 44 to determine whether to discharge or return the substances by judging the composition ratio. The whole process is repeated within a predetermined time. Therefore, the low-boiling-point substances that are returned will be carried out and condensed again by nitrogen gas until a predetermined percentage of low-boiling-point medium is detected in the recovery unit 5 and discharged from the recovery unit 5. This can reduce the waste of the wine.

[0041] As an example, an exhaust gas treatment device 6 can be installed at the end of the guide pipe 35 away from the separator 2, and activated carbon can be installed inside the exhaust gas treatment device 6. Based on the above structure, this solution uses activated carbon to absorb any hydrogen cyanide and acetaldehyde that may be present in the airflow, ensuring the cleanliness of the gas emitted into the air.

[0042] As an example, the inclination angle of the guide tube 35 is 30-60°, preferably 45°.

[0043] As an example, this solution can also include a detection system to monitor the content of low-boiling-point substances in the recoverer 5, and automatically adjust the nitrogen flow rate and condensation temperature based on the monitoring results to ensure optimal separation performance.

[0044] Example 2 Based on the above embodiment 1, the present invention provides a technical solution: A method for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu (Chinese liquor) based on pneumatic reflux includes at least the following steps: Step 1: Compressed nitrogen gas is introduced into the wine in the separator tank 2 through a microporous aerator via gas source 1 to form a uniform flow of microbubbles; the agitation and stirring of the bubbles trigger the vaporization of low-boiling-point substances. Step 2: Simultaneously activate condenser component 3, and adjust the condensation temperature of the condenser section at different heights to 10℃ / 5℃ / 0℃ / -5℃; gradient condensation achieves graded collection of substances with different boiling points; Step 3: The condensate from the first condenser 31 and the second condenser 32 is directly returned; the condensate from the third condenser 33 and the fourth condenser 34 is temporarily stored in the recovery unit 5. The detection component detects the composition of the condensate in the recovery unit 5. If the composition of the low-boiling-point medium exceeds the preset value, the condensate in the recovery unit 5 is discharged. If the composition of the low-boiling-point medium is lower than the preset value, the condensate in the recovery unit 5 is returned.

[0045] Step four, repeat this process until the concentration of the low-boiling-point medium in the liquor is reduced to the preset value.

[0046] Taking the treatment of 53% vol Maotai-flavor liquor as an example: nitrogen flow rate: 0.8 m³ / h·m², treatment time: 45 minutes / batch, test results: hydrogen cyanide removal rate: 92.7%, acetaldehyde content reduction: 88.3%; flavor substance retention rate > 98%; treatment throughput reached 500 L / h.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu (Chinese liquor) based on pneumatic reflux, characterized in that: It includes a gas source (1), a separator (2), a condenser assembly (3), and a reflux assembly (4); the gas source (1) is connected to the separator (2), the separator (2) is provided with an air outlet (23) that cooperates with the condenser assembly (3), and the condenser assembly (3) is connected to the separator (2) through the air outlet (23); the condenser assembly (3) is provided with multiple condensation sections with different condensation temperatures, each condensation section is connected to the separator (2) through the reflux assembly (4), and the reflux assembly (4) is provided with at least one set of recovery units (5).

2. The apparatus for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu based on pneumatic reflux as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The condensing component (3) is set at a predetermined angle to the horizontal plane, and the condensing temperature of the condensing part is gradually reduced along the length direction of the condensing component (3).

3. The apparatus for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu based on pneumatic reflux as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The gas source (1) includes a nitrogen generator (11) and an air inlet pipe (12). The nitrogen generator (11) is equipped with a nitrogen regulating switch for controlling the nitrogen generation efficiency. The air inlet pipe (12) is connected to the separator (2) and the nitrogen generator (11) respectively.

4. The apparatus for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu based on pneumatic reflux as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The separation tank (2) includes a tank body (21), an air inlet (22), an air outlet (23), a support (24), and a gas distribution plate (25); the support (24) is located at the bottom of the tank body (21), the air inlet (22) is located at the center of the bottom of the tank body (21), the gas distribution plate (25) is located inside the tank body (21), the gas distribution plate (25) is provided with multiple microporous structures, and the gas distribution plate (25) is connected to the air inlet (22).

5. The apparatus for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu based on pneumatic reflux as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The condensation assembly (3) includes a first condenser (31), a second condenser (32), a third condenser (33), a fourth condenser (34), and a guide pipe (35); the first condenser (31), the second condenser (32), the third condenser (33), and the fourth condenser (34) are spaced apart along the length of the guide pipe (35), and the guide pipe (35) is inclinedly arranged at the top of the separator (2) and connected to the air outlet (23) at the top of the separator (2).

6. The apparatus for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu based on pneumatic reflux as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The first condenser (31) is externally connected to a first condensing circulator (311) and a first condensing return pipe (312); the first condensing circulator (311) is connected to the first condenser (31) through a first condensing return tank; the second condenser (32) is externally connected to a second condensing circulator (321) and a second condensing return pipe (322); the second condensing circulator (321) is connected to the second condenser (32) through a second condensing return tank; the third condenser (33) is externally connected to a third condensing circulator (331) and a third condensing return pipe (332); the third condensing circulator (331) is connected to the third condenser (33) through a third condensing return tank; the fourth condenser (34) is externally connected to a fourth condensing circulator (341) and a fourth condensing return pipe (342); the fourth condensing circulator (341) is connected to the fourth condenser (34) through a fourth condensing return tank.

7. The apparatus for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu based on pneumatic reflux as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The condensing temperature of the first condenser (31) is set to 10°C, the condensing temperature of the second condenser (32) is set to 5°C, the condensing temperature of the third condenser (33) is set to 0°C, and the condensing temperature of the fourth condenser (34) is set to -5°C.

8. The apparatus for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu based on pneumatic reflux as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The first condenser (31), the second condenser (32), the third condenser (33), and the fourth condenser (34) are all provided with spiral guide vanes (36). The spiral guide vanes (36) are cylindrical in shape and are provided with baffles (37). The spiral guide vanes (36) are made of hollow mesh material.

9. The apparatus for separating low-boiling-point substances in baijiu based on pneumatic reflux as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The reflux assembly (4) includes a first reflux element (41), a second reflux element (42), a third reflux element (43), and a fourth reflux element (44); the first reflux element (41) is connected to the first condenser (31) and the separation tower respectively; the second reflux element (42) is connected to the second condenser (32) and the separation tower respectively; the third reflux element (43) is connected to the third condenser (33) and the separation tower respectively; the fourth reflux element (44) is connected to the fourth condenser (34) and the separation tower respectively; the recovery unit (5) is disposed on the third reflux element (43) and the fourth reflux element (44), and the recovery unit (5) is also provided with a valve (45).

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