Automatic tapping method for vanadium extraction converter
The automated steel tapping method, which involves the coordinated operation of two ladle cars, solves the problems of low efficiency and vanadium slag loss during the vanadium converter steel tapping process, realizing the automation and intelligence of converter steel tapping and improving production efficiency and safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510945298.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-09
- Publication Date
- 2025-10-28
Smart Images
Figure CN120843758A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This patent application belongs to the field of vanadium extraction technology in converters, and more specifically, relates to a method for automatic tapping of steel from a vanadium extraction converter. Background Technology
[0002] The basic process of vanadium extraction in a converter is to load molten iron containing iron into the converter, supply oxygen to the vanadium-containing molten iron in the converter through an oxygen lance to oxidize the vanadium element and generate vanadium slag. First, the semi-steel is poured from the tapping port into the semi-steel ladle, and then the vanadium slag is poured from the furnace mouth into the slag pot. The semi-steel is used for subsequent steelmaking production, and the vanadium slag is used to process vanadium products.
[0003] Currently, the industry mainly adopts a dual-production process layout of vanadium extraction and steelmaking, which arranges one vanadium extraction converter and two steelmaking converters in one workshop. Since the vanadium extraction cycle is approximately half the steelmaking cycle, this layout can meet the needs of full-load production of three converters. At the same time, to improve production efficiency, two ladle cars are generally installed below the vanadium extraction converter for semi-finished steel output, thereby shortening auxiliary time.
[0004] Automation and intelligentization are inevitable trends in the current steel industry. Among these, the automatic tapping system for converters, compared to manual tapping, is of great significance in improving converter tapping efficiency, reducing vanadium slag loss, enhancing standardized control, and reducing labor intensity. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an automatic tapping system and method suitable for vanadium extraction converters to improve the automation and intelligent control level of the vanadium extraction converter tapping process and enhance related technical and economic indicators. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for automatic steel tapping in a vanadium-extraction converter, and to realize automatic steel tapping by the converter tilting and the cooperation of two ladle cars under the furnace, thereby improving the standardization control level of the steel tapping process in the vanadium-extraction converter.
[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for automatic tapping of steel from a vanadium-extraction converter, applicable to a process layout of two ladle cars below the vanadium-extraction converter, includes the following steps: S1. Before the vanadium converter blowing ends, one of the two ladle cars under the furnace is selected as the tapping ladle car. This tapping ladle car automatically enters the target tapping position according to the distance detected by the position detection device. The other ladle car maintains a safe distance of 3-4m from the tapping ladle car according to the automatic avoidance program. S2. After the vanadium-extracting converter blowing is completed, select the appropriate converter tapping tilting curve in the computer secondary system and send it out. After confirming that the conditions for "automatic start of converter tilting" and "automatic start of ladle car" are met, click the "automatic tapping start" button on the operation screen or press the local "start" button to start the automatic tapping of the converter tilting. S3. During the tapping process, the converter automatically tilts to tap steel according to the parameters set on the converter tapping tilting curve. When the converter is at the lowest tilting angle and the cumulative tapping time reaches the total time set on the tilting curve, the converter automatically lifts and tapping ends. Alternatively, the converter can be lifted by clicking the "Automatic Tapping End" button on the operation screen or pressing the "End" button on the spot to complete the automatic tapping. S4. During automatic tapping, as the converter tilts downwards automatically, the tapping ladle car follows automatically according to the program. As the weight of the ladle car increases during tapping, the motor of the ladle car uses different control frequencies and intermittent control output to achieve precise control of the ladle car's movements, keeping it within ±20cm of the target position and maintaining the steel flow in the middle of the ladle car. If it exceeds this range, the ladle car automatically adjusts to the target position. During the converter lifting process after tapping, the ladle car automatically moves in the opposite direction of the tapping operation to prevent slag spillage during the converter lifting process. S5. During the automatic tapping process, the converter and tapping ladle car can be fine-tuned according to the actual situation. After the fine-tuning is completed, the automatic control program can still be executed. In case of emergency or abnormal situation, the converter and tapping ladle car control master (this is the control master operating lever or master controller, used to manually operate the converter or ladle) can be switched to manual mode in time for emergency handling.
[0007] Furthermore, in S1, each ladle car performs position detection through its own position detection device. Since the two ladle cars are on the same track, the first position detection device is installed in the middle of the track to detect the position of the first ladle car; the second position detection device is installed on the outside of the track and performs position detection through a reflector, which is installed on the first ladle car.
[0008] Furthermore, in S2, the converter tapping tilt curve is designed according to the tapping time, which ranges from 3 minutes to 10 minutes. A converter tapping tilt curve is designed every 30 seconds. The converter tapping tilt curve has 16-17 steps, and each step is held for 10-100 seconds. The starting angle of the converter tapping tilt curve is -70 degrees to -72 degrees, and the ending angle is -100 degrees to -105 degrees. During normal tapping, the converter tilt angle is 2 degrees each time.
[0009] Furthermore, in S2, the automatic tapping process of the converter tilting is divided into four stages. Phase 1: The converter starts to decelerate from zero position at high speed to the starting angle of the converter tapping tilt curve of -70 degrees to -72 degrees (corresponding to step 1). Second stage: After the converter reaches the starting angle of the converter tapping tilt curve, it begins the first deceleration. When it reaches -75 degrees to -77 degrees (corresponding to step 2), it begins the second deceleration. When it reaches -80 degrees to -82 degrees (corresponding to step 3), it enters the first stopping point. The third stage: After passing the first stop point (in step 3), the normal tapping stage begins. Each step corresponds to a different holding time. The last step in normal tapping is step 14 or 15, depending on the furnace conditions. Fourth stage: After tapping, the converter is raised at high speed to -25 degrees to -30 degrees (corresponding to step 15 or 16) and decelerated. After deceleration, it automatically returns to the zero position (corresponding to step 16 or 17), completing the entire automatic tapping process.
[0010] Furthermore, in S3, the minimum tilting angle of the converter is set according to different furnace service periods. The minimum tilting angle in the early stage of the furnace service is -100 degrees to -102 degrees, in the middle stage it is -102 degrees to -104 degrees, and in the late stage it is -104 degrees to -105 degrees. At the same time, the furnace lifting angle is set in the automatic control program, generally set to -95 degrees to -99 degrees. When the minimum tilting angle is higher than the furnace lifting angle, automatic furnace lifting cannot be performed to avoid misoperation affecting the steel tapping process.
[0011] Furthermore, in S4, the motor control output of the ladle car is adjusted according to the weight change of the ladle car during the steel tapping process. Specifically, a low frequency output is used in steps 1 to 6; a medium frequency output is used in steps 7 to 10; and a high frequency output is used in steps 11 to the final step, so as to achieve precise control of the ladle car's movement.
[0012] Furthermore, in S4, a low frequency of 20Hz is used in steps 1 to 6, a medium frequency of 25-30Hz is used in steps 7 to 10, and a high frequency of 35Hz is used in steps 11 to the final step.
[0013] Furthermore, in S5, during the automatic steel tapping process, the converter fine-tuning method includes "upward, downward, and pause" operations. Among them, "upward and downward" adjustments are held for 2 seconds each time. After fine-tuning, the converter matches the set curve in real time according to the current actual tilt angle and automatically jumps to find the set sequence step position. After the "pause" adjustment is released, it does not automatically search for the step sequence and continues to run according to the current angle and holding time. Depending on the actual and target positions, the ladle car can be finely adjusted by 10cm each time towards the steel tapping side or the slag dumping side.
[0014] Furthermore, it saves 3%-8% of steel tapping time and reduces slag discharge by 5%-10%. Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention are: This invention solves the problems of low efficiency, non-standard operation, and irregular operation of manual steel tapping by automatically controlling and coordinating the tilting of the converter and the ladle cars under the furnace during the tapping process after vanadium extraction. It improves the steel tapping efficiency of the converter, reduces vanadium slag loss, enhances the level of standardized control, reduces the labor intensity of the work, and ensures the safety and stability of the tapping process. It realizes the automation, standardization, and intelligence of the vanadium extraction converter tapping process, and meets the needs of efficient production of the vanadium extraction and steelmaking system with a process layout of one converter and two ladle cars under the furnace, thus improving relevant technical and economic indicators. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is the process layout diagram of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Converter; 2. First ladle car; 3. Second ladle car; 4. Track; 5. First position detection device; 6. Second position detection device; 7. Reflector. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.
[0017] A method for automatic tapping of steel from a vanadium-extraction converter, such as... Figure 1 The process layout shown has the following steps: Before the vanadium extraction converter 1 finishes blowing, one of the two ladle cars is selected for tapping. The ladle car automatically enters the target tapping position according to the distance detected by the position detection device. The other ladle car maintains a safe distance of 3-4m from the tapping ladle car according to the automatic avoidance program. The two ladle cars are on the same track 4. One detection device is installed in the middle of track 4 to detect the position of one ladle car, and the other detection device is installed on the outside of track 4 to detect the position through the reflector 7 on the other ladle car.
[0018] For example, Figure 1 In this configuration, both the first ladle car 2 and the second ladle car 3 are located on track 4. A first position detection device 5 is installed in the middle of track 4 and is used to detect the position of the first ladle car 2. A second position detection device 6 is installed on the outside of track 4 and detects the position through a reflector 7 installed on the first ladle car 2.
[0019] S2. After the vanadium-extracting converter blowing process is completed, select the appropriate converter tapping tilting curve in the computer secondary system and send it out. After confirming that the conditions for "automatic start of converter tilting" and "automatic start of ladle car" are met, click the "automatic tapping start" button on the operation screen or press the local "start" button to start the automatic tapping of the converter tilting.
[0020] The converter tapping tilting curve is designed according to the tapping time, which ranges from 3 minutes to 10 minutes. A new converter tapping tilting curve is designed every 30 seconds. The converter tapping tilting curve has 16-17 steps. The starting angle of the converter tapping tilting curve is -70 degrees to -72 degrees, and the ending angle is -100 degrees to -105 degrees. During normal tapping, the converter tilting angle is 2 degrees each time. The holding time for each step is 10-100 seconds.
[0021] The automatic tapping process of the converter tilting is divided into four stages. Phase 1: The converter starts to decelerate from zero position at high speed to the starting angle of the converter tapping tilt curve of -70 degrees to -72 degrees (corresponding to step 1). Second stage: After the converter reaches the starting angle of the converter tapping tilt curve, it begins the first deceleration. When it reaches -75 degrees to -77 degrees (corresponding to step 2), it begins the second deceleration. When it reaches -80 degrees to -82 degrees (corresponding to step 3), it enters the first stopping point. The third stage: After the first stop point of the third step, the normal steel tapping stage begins. Each step corresponds to a different holding time. The last step of normal steel tapping is the 14th or 15th step, depending on the furnace condition and other factors. Fourth stage: After tapping, the converter is raised at high speed to -25 degrees to -30 degrees (corresponding to step 15 or 16) and decelerated. After deceleration, it automatically returns to the zero position (corresponding to step 16 or 17), completing the entire automatic tapping process.
[0022] S3. During the tapping process, the converter automatically tilts to tap steel according to the parameters set on the converter tapping tilting curve. When the converter is at the lowest tilting angle and the cumulative tapping time reaches the total time set on the tilting curve, the converter automatically lifts and tapping ends. Alternatively, the converter can be lifted by clicking the "Automatic Tapping End" button on the operation screen or pressing the "End" button on the spot to complete the automatic tapping.
[0023] In this step, the minimum tilting angle of the converter is set according to different furnace service periods. The minimum tilting angle in the early stage of the furnace service is -100 degrees to -102 degrees, in the middle stage it is -102 degrees to -104 degrees, and in the late stage it is -104 degrees to -105 degrees. At the same time, the furnace lifting angle is set in the automatic control program, generally set to -95 degrees to -99 degrees. When the minimum tilting angle is higher than the furnace lifting angle, automatic furnace lifting cannot be performed to avoid misoperation affecting the steel tapping process.
[0024] S4. During the tapping process, as the converter automatically tilts downwards, the tapping ladle car automatically follows the program. As the weight of the ladle car increases during tapping, the motor of the ladle car uses different control frequencies and intermittent control output to achieve precise control of the ladle car's movements. Specifically: a low frequency of 20Hz is used in steps 1 to 6; a medium frequency of 25-30Hz is used in steps 7 to 10; and a high frequency of 35Hz is used from step 11 to the final step. This ensures precise control of the ladle car's movements, keeping it within ±20cm of the target position during tapping and maintaining the steel flow in the center of the ladle. If it exceeds this range, the ladle car automatically adjusts to the target position. At the end of tapping, during the converter lifting process, the ladle car automatically moves in the opposite direction of the tapping operation to prevent slag spillage during the lifting process.
[0025] S5. During automatic tapping, the converter and ladle car can be fine-tuned according to actual conditions. Converter fine-tuning includes "upward, downward, and pause" operations. "Upward and downward" adjustments are held for 2 seconds each time. After fine-tuning, the converter matches the set curve in real-time based on the current tilt angle and automatically jumps to the set sequence step position. After the "pause" adjustment is released, it does not automatically search for the step sequence and continues operating at the current angle and holding time. The ladle car can be fine-tuned 10cm towards the tapping or slag-pouring side each time, depending on the actual and target positions. In case of emergencies or abnormalities, the converter and ladle car control master (this is the control master lever or master controller, used for manual operation of the converter or ladle) can be switched to manual mode for emergency handling.
[0026] As described above, this method enables automatic steel tapping during the tapping process through the automatic control and coordination of converter tilting and ladle cars under the furnace. This solves the problems of low efficiency, non-standard operation, and irregularities in manual tapping, improves converter tapping efficiency, reduces vanadium slag loss, enhances standardized control, reduces labor intensity, and ensures safe and stable tapping. It achieves automation, standardization, and intelligence in the vanadium extraction converter tapping process, while meeting the needs of efficient production in a vanadium extraction and steelmaking system with a process layout of one converter and two ladle cars under the furnace. This saves 3%-8% of tapping time, reduces slag discharge by 5%-10%, and improves relevant technical and economic indicators.
[0027] The following provides more specific embodiments of the present invention: Example 1
[0028] The automatic steel tapping process described in this invention, applied to a 150-ton vanadium extraction converter system at a certain factory, is as follows: Two ladle cars are equipped on the track below the converter. Before the vanadium-extraction converter blow-blowing ends, after selecting ladle car #1, the ladle car automatically moves to the target tapping position according to the position information detected by the laser rangefinder. Ladle car #2 maintains a safe distance of 3 meters from the tapping ladle car according to the automatic avoidance program. After the blow-blowing is completed, a 3-minute tapping curve is selected and sent in the computer secondary system. After confirming that all conditions are met, the "Start" button is clicked to start automatic tapping. The tilting curve has a total of 16 steps; the starting angle of the tilting curve is -70 degrees, the lowest ending angle is -105 degrees, the furnace lifting angle is -95 degrees, and the tilting angle of the converter is 2 degrees each time during normal tapping. During the automatic tapping process of the converter tilting: The converter starts to decelerate from the zero position at high speed to the starting angle of the tilting curve at -70 degrees (corresponding to step 1). It starts to decelerate again at -75 degrees (corresponding to step 2). When it reaches -80 degrees (corresponding to step 3), it enters the first stopping point. After step 3, it enters the normal tapping stage. Each step corresponds to a holding time of 10-30 seconds. The last step of normal tapping is step 14. When the cumulative tapping time reaches the total time set by the tilting curve, tapping ends. The converter is then raised at high speed to -25 degrees (corresponding to step 15) for deceleration. After deceleration, it automatically returns to the zero position (corresponding to step 16). During the tapping process, as the converter automatically tilts downwards, the ladle car automatically follows according to the program. As the weight of the ladle car increases during tapping, the ladle car motor uses different control frequencies and intermittent control outputs to achieve precise control of the ladle car's movements. Low frequency output is used in steps 1-6; medium frequency output in steps 7-10; and high frequency output from step 11 to the final step, keeping the ladle car within ±20cm of the target position and maintaining the steel flow in the center of the ladle. If it exceeds this range, the ladle car automatically adjusts to the target position. At the end of tapping, during the converter lifting process, the ladle car automatically moves in the opposite direction of the tapping operation to avoid slag spillage. During automatic tapping, the converter and ladle car make minor adjustments based on actual conditions. Compared to manual tapping, automatic tapping saves 3% of time and reduces slag discharge by 10%, effectively improving relevant technical and economic indicators. Example 2
[0029] The automatic steel tapping process described in this invention, applied to a 150-ton vanadium extraction converter system at a certain factory, is as follows: Two ladle cars are equipped on the track below the converter. Before the vanadium-extraction converter blow-blowing ends, after selecting ladle car #2, the ladle car automatically enters the target tapping position according to the position information detected by the laser rangefinder. Ladle car #2 maintains a safe distance of 3.5m from the tapping ladle car according to the automatic avoidance program. After the blow-blowing is completed, a 5-minute tapping curve is selected and sent in the computer secondary system. After confirming that all conditions are met, the "Start" button is clicked to start automatic tapping. The tilting curve has a total of 17 steps; the starting angle of the tilting curve is -71 degrees, the lowest ending angle is -100 degrees, the furnace lifting angle is -97 degrees, and the converter tilting angle is 2 degrees each time during normal tapping. During the automatic tapping process of the converter tilting: The converter starts to decelerate from the zero position at high speed to the starting angle of the tilting curve at -72 degrees (corresponding to step 1). It starts to decelerate again at -76 degrees (corresponding to step 2). When it reaches -81 degrees (corresponding to step 3), it enters the first stopping point. After step 3, it enters the normal tapping stage. Each step corresponds to a holding time of 20-50 seconds. The last step of normal tapping is step 15. When the cumulative tapping time reaches the total time set by the tilting curve, tapping ends. The converter is then raised at high speed to -30 degrees (corresponding to step 16) for deceleration. After deceleration, it automatically returns to the zero position (corresponding to step 17). During the tapping process, as the converter automatically tilts downwards, the ladle car automatically follows according to the program. As the weight of the ladle car increases during tapping, the ladle car motor uses different control frequencies and intermittent control outputs to achieve precise control of the ladle car's movements. Low frequency output is used in steps 1-6; medium frequency output in steps 7-10; and high frequency output from step 11 to the final step, keeping the ladle car within ±20cm of the target position during tapping and maintaining the steel flow in the center of the ladle. If it exceeds this range, the ladle car automatically adjusts to the target position. At the end of tapping, during the converter lifting process, the ladle car automatically moves in the opposite direction of the tapping operation to avoid slag spillage during the lifting process. During automatic tapping, the converter and ladle car make minor adjustments based on actual conditions. Compared to manual tapping, automatic tapping saves 5% of time and reduces slag discharge by 7%, effectively improving relevant technical and economic indicators. Example 3
[0030] The automatic steel tapping process described in this invention, applied to a 150-ton vanadium extraction converter system at a certain factory, is as follows: Two ladle cars are equipped on the track below the converter. Before the vanadium-extraction converter blow-blowing ends, after selecting ladle car #1, the ladle car automatically moves to the target tapping position according to the position information detected by the laser rangefinder. Ladle car #2 maintains a safe distance of 4 meters from the tapping ladle car according to the automatic avoidance program. After the blow-blowing is completed, a 10-minute tapping curve is selected and sent in the computer secondary system. After confirming that all conditions are met, the "Start" button is clicked to begin automatic tapping. The tilting curve has a total of 17 steps; the starting angle of the tilting curve is -72 degrees, the lowest ending angle is -103 degrees, the furnace lifting angle is -99 degrees, and the tilting angle of the converter is 2 degrees each time during normal tapping. During the automatic tapping process of the converter tilting: The converter starts to decelerate from the zero position at high speed to the starting angle of the tilting curve at -71 degrees (corresponding to step 1). It starts to decelerate again at -77 degrees (corresponding to step 2). When it reaches -82 degrees (corresponding to step 3), it enters the first stopping point. After step 3, it enters the normal tapping stage. Each step corresponds to a holding time of 30-100 seconds. The last step of normal tapping is step 15. When the cumulative tapping time reaches the total time set by the tilting curve, tapping ends. The converter is then raised at high speed to -28 degrees (corresponding to step 16) for deceleration. After deceleration, it automatically returns to the zero position (corresponding to step 17). During the tapping process, as the converter automatically tilts downwards, the ladle car automatically follows according to the program. As the weight of the ladle car increases during tapping, the ladle car motor uses different control frequencies and intermittent control outputs to achieve precise control of the ladle car's movements. Low frequency output is used in steps 1-6; medium frequency output in steps 7-10; and high frequency output from step 11 to the final step, keeping the ladle car within ±20cm of the target position during tapping and maintaining the steel flow in the center of the ladle. If it exceeds this range, the ladle car automatically adjusts to the target position. At the end of tapping, during the converter lifting process, the ladle car automatically moves in the opposite direction of the tapping operation to avoid slag spillage during the lifting process. During automatic tapping, the converter and ladle car make minor adjustments based on actual conditions. Compared to manual tapping, automatic tapping saves 8% of time and reduces slag discharge by 5%, effectively improving relevant technical and economic indicators.
Claims
1. A method for automatic tapping of steel from a vanadium-extraction converter, applicable to a process layout of two ladle cars below the vanadium-extraction converter, characterized in that... Includes the following steps: S1. Before the vanadium converter blowing ends, one of the two ladle cars under the furnace is selected as the tapping ladle car. This tapping ladle car automatically enters the target tapping position according to the distance detected by the position detection device. The other ladle car maintains a safe distance of 3-4m from the tapping ladle car according to the automatic avoidance program. S2. After the vanadium-extracting converter blowing is completed, select the appropriate converter tapping tilting curve in the computer secondary system and send it out. After confirming that the conditions for "automatic start of converter tilting" and "automatic start of ladle car" are met, click the "automatic tapping start" button on the operation screen or press the local "start" button to start the automatic tapping of the converter tilting. S3. During the tapping process, the converter automatically tilts to tap steel according to the parameters set on the converter tapping tilting curve. When the converter is at the lowest tilting angle and the cumulative tapping time reaches the total time set on the tilting curve, the converter automatically lifts and tapping ends. Alternatively, the converter can be lifted by clicking the "Automatic Tapping End" button on the operation screen or pressing the "End" button on the spot to complete the automatic tapping. S4. During automatic tapping, as the converter tilts downwards automatically, the tapping ladle car follows automatically according to the program. As the weight of the ladle car increases during tapping, the motor of the ladle car uses different control frequencies and intermittent control output to achieve precise control of the ladle car's movements, keeping it within ±20cm of the target position and maintaining the steel flow in the middle of the ladle car. If it exceeds this range, the ladle car automatically adjusts to the target position. During the converter lifting process after tapping, the ladle car automatically moves in the opposite direction of the tapping operation to prevent slag spillage during the converter lifting process. S5. During the automatic tapping process, the converter and tapping ladle car can be fine-tuned according to the actual situation. After the fine-tuning is completed, the automatic control program can still be executed. In case of emergency or abnormal situation, the converter and tapping ladle car control master can be switched to manual mode in time for emergency handling.
2. The method for automatic tapping of steel from a vanadium-extraction converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1, each ladle car is positioned using its own position detection device. Since the two ladle cars are on the same track, the first position detection device is installed in the middle of the track to detect the position of the first ladle car; the second position detection device is installed on the outside of the track and detects the position using a reflector, which is installed on the first ladle car.
3. The method for automatic tapping of steel from a vanadium-extraction converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the converter tapping tilt curve is designed according to the tapping time, which ranges from 3 minutes to 10 minutes. A converter tapping tilt curve is designed every 30 seconds. The converter tapping tilt curve has 16-17 steps, and each step is held for 10-100 seconds. The starting angle of the converter tapping tilt curve is -70 degrees to -72 degrees, and the ending angle is -100 degrees to -105 degrees. During normal tapping, the converter tilt angle is 2 degrees each time.
4. The method for automatic tapping of steel from a vanadium-extraction converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, the automatic tapping process of the converter tilting is divided into four stages. Phase 1: The converter starts to decelerate from zero-position high-speed operation to the starting angle of the converter tapping tilt curve of -70 degrees to -72 degrees. Second stage: After the converter reaches the starting angle of the converter tapping tilt curve, it begins the first deceleration. When it reaches -75 degrees to -77 degrees, it begins the second deceleration. When it reaches -80 degrees to -82 degrees, it enters the first stopping point. The third stage: After passing the first stop point, the normal steel tapping stage begins. Each step corresponds to a different holding time. The last step of normal steel tapping is step 14 or 15 depending on the furnace condition. Fourth stage: After tapping, the converter is raised at high speed to -25 to -30 degrees Celsius for deceleration. After deceleration, it automatically returns to the zero position, completing the entire automatic tapping process.
5. The method for automatic tapping of steel from a vanadium-extraction converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3, the minimum tilting angle of the converter is set according to different furnace service periods. In the early stage of the furnace service, the minimum tilting angle is -100 degrees to -102 degrees; in the middle stage, it is -102 degrees to -104 degrees; and in the late stage, it is -104 degrees to -105 degrees. At the same time, the furnace lifting angle is set in the automatic control program, generally set to -95 degrees to -99 degrees. When the minimum tilting angle is higher than the furnace lifting angle, automatic furnace lifting cannot be performed to avoid misoperation affecting the steel tapping process.
6. The method for automatic tapping of steel from a vanadium-extraction converter according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S4, the motor control output of the ladle car is adjusted according to the weight change of the ladle car during the steel tapping process. Specifically, a low frequency output is used in steps 1 to 6; a medium frequency output is used in steps 7 to 10; and a high frequency output is used in steps 11 to the final step to achieve precise control of the ladle car's movement.
7. The method for automatic tapping of steel from a vanadium-extraction converter according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S4, a low frequency of 20Hz is used in steps 1 to 6, a medium frequency of 25-30Hz is used in steps 7 to 10, and a high frequency of 35Hz is used in steps 11 to the final step.
8. The method for automatic tapping of steel from a vanadium-extraction converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, during the automatic steel tapping process, the converter fine-tuning methods include "upward, downward, and pause" operations. Among them, "upward and downward" adjustments are held for 2 seconds each time. After fine-tuning, the converter matches the set curve in real time according to the current actual tilt angle and automatically jumps to find the set sequence step position. After the "pause" adjustment is released, it does not automatically search for the step sequence and continues to run according to the current angle and holding time. Depending on the actual and target positions, the ladle car can be finely adjusted by 10cm each time towards the steel tapping side or the slag dumping side.
9. The method for automatic tapping of steel from a vanadium-extraction converter according to claim 1, characterized in that: It saves 3%-8% of steel tapping time and reduces slag discharge by 5%-10%.