Method for preparing colored special fibers based on polymer blending spinning technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing colored special fibers based on a polymer blending spinning technology, which comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing a fluorescent polymer and a high polymer matrix, and then drying a mixed sample to enable the water content of the mixed sample to be less than 0.1%; (2) adding the mixed sample obtained in the step (1) into a screw machine for melt extrusion and granulation; and (3) after melting in the step (2), carrying out a spinning process to prepare the colored fiber. The color fiber is prepared by blending an adjustable and controllable cyclic non-traditional fluorescent polymer and a fiber preparation polymer for the first time, the problems that dyeing is difficult, the dyeing cost is high, pollution is serious and the dyeable color is single in the current field of color fibers are solved, and meanwhile the color of the fiber is precisely controllable. The preparation method of the fluorescent polymer is simple, green and environment-friendly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the preparation of colored fibers, and more specifically, to a method for preparing colored specialty fibers based on polymer blending spinning technology. Background Technology

[0002] With the advancement and industrialization of synthetic fiber technology, synthetic fibers, as a new type of chemical fiber material, have experienced rapid development in the past 20 years. Chemical fibers, especially polyester and nylon, are no longer just synonymous with durability, but also with "beauty" and "fashion." The key driving force behind this development has been the progress and development of fiber dyeing technology. Currently, in terms of colored fiber technology, traditional fiber dyeing and finishing processes, and colored spinning techniques, while they exhibit the desired color performance to a certain extent, they all have certain drawbacks, such as environmental pollution, high costs, and large material consumption. Furthermore, the limited dyeing selectivity restricts the development and production of diverse colored fibers, posing a significant challenge to testing single raw materials or combinations of raw materials in known colored fiber manufacturing processes. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the problems of difficult dyeing, high dyeing costs, serious pollution, and limited dyeable colors in the field of colored fibers, this invention provides a method for preparing colored special fibers based on polymer blending spinning technology. This preparation method is simple, environmentally friendly, and can achieve rapid color positioning of microfibers. It can also prepare multi-colored fibers of any desired color, with low energy consumption and high production efficiency.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for preparing colored specialty fibers based on polymer blending spinning technology, comprising the following steps: (1) Mix the fluorescent polymer with the polymer matrix evenly, and then dry the mixed sample to make the water content of the mixed sample less than 0.1%; (2) Add the mixed sample obtained in step (1) into a screw extruder for melt extrusion granulation; (3) Colored fibers are produced by spinning after melting in step (2); In step (1), the fluorescent polymer structural unit has a general formula of any one of the following formulas one to six:

[0005] Formula 1;

[0006] Formula 2;

[0007] Formula 3;

[0008] Formula 4;

[0009] Formula 5;

[0010] Formula 6.

[0011] In the above scheme, the position of the reactive functional groups on the ring in the fluorescent polymer structural unit is adjusted to control the change of the emission color from the blue light region to the orange or yellow-green light region.

[0012] Specifically, in step (1), the mass ratio of the fluorescent polymer to the polymer matrix is ​​(1-5):(95-99).

[0013] Specifically, in step (1), the drying temperature is 100-150℃ and the drying time is 20-24h.

[0014] Specifically, in step (1), the polymer matrix is ​​polyarylate, nylon, or polyamide.

[0015] Specifically, in step (3), the melt temperature is controlled at 300-350℃.

[0016] Specifically, the fluorescent polymer is prepared by mixing ethylene glycol dipropynate with cyclohexanediamine or phenylenediamine in a solvent at a molar ratio of 1:1 to obtain the polymer.

[0017] Specifically, the cyclohexanediamine is 1,4-cyclohexanediamine, 1,3-cyclohexanediamine, or 1,2-cyclohexanediamine; the phenylenediamine is 1,4-phenylenediamine, 1,3-phenylenediamine, or 1,2-phenylenediamine.

[0018] A second aspect of the present invention provides colored fibers obtained by the above-described method.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the present invention achieves the following beneficial effects: This invention employs a polymer physical blending process, and for the first time utilizes a tunable cyclic non-traditional fluorescent polymer to blend with the polymer used to prepare fibers to produce colored fibers. Its characteristics solve the problems of difficult dyeing, high dyeing costs, serious pollution, and limited dyeable colors currently found in the colored fiber field, while also achieving precise and controllable control over fiber color. The fluorescent polymer preparation method of this invention is simple and environmentally friendly. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1The emission spectra of fluorescent polymers LP-1, LP-2, and LP-3 at their respective maximum excitation wavelengths are shown. Figure 2 The emission spectra of fluorescent polymers LP-4, LP-5, and LP-6 at their respective maximum excitation wavelengths are shown. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0022] All monomers are commercially available or easily synthesized. For example, activated ester-alkyne monomers... It can be synthesized by referring to the synthesis method in the published literature (Polymer Chemistry, 2020, 11(14): 2568-2575.).

[0023] Example 1 (I) Synthesis of Fluorescent Polymers 0.166 g, 1 equiv of ethylene glycol dipropynate was mixed and stirred at 25 °C with 0.114 g, 1 equiv of 1,4-cyclohexanediamine, 0.114 g, 1 equiv of 1,3-cyclohexanediamine, or 0.114 g, 1 equiv of 1,2-cyclohexanediamine. After the reaction was completed, the three mixtures were precipitated with diethyl ether to obtain three linear polymers LP-1, LP-2, and LP-3 with different structures. Fluorescence spectroscopy analysis showed that the maximum absorption and emission peaks of LP-1, LP-2, and LP-3 in the solid state exhibited significant red shifts. The maximum excitation wavelengths of LP-1, LP-2, and LP-3 in the solid state were 440, 435, and 515 nm, respectively, and the maximum emission wavelengths were 485, 530, and 573 nm, respectively, corresponding to blue, green, and orange light materials. Figure 1 This indicates that the method can be used to prepare fluorescent polymers with emission colors that change from the blue region to the orange region, thereby enabling the emission color of non-traditional fluorescent polymers with cyclic non-fluorescent polymers to be regulated by the ortho, meta, and para positions of the two primary amine groups on the alicyclic ring.

[0024] (ii) Blending and granulation (1) Mix the required fluorescent polymer and polyarylate LCP uniformly according to the corresponding weight ratio (e.g., 5:95), and then dry the mixed sample to make the water content of the mixed sample less than 0.1%. During the drying process, the temperature is set to 120℃ and the drying time is 20h. (2) Add the mixed sample obtained in step (1) into a screw extruder for melt extrusion granulation; (III) Spinning preparation (3) Colored LCP fibers are produced by conventional spinning process after melting in step (2), with the melt temperature controlled at 300℃.

[0025] In this embodiment, blue / green / orange LCP fibers were spun through the above steps.

[0026] Example 2 The similarities to Example 1 will not be repeated here. The difference is that the fluorescent polymer synthesized in this example is different. 0.166 g, 1 equiv of dipropynyl glycol ester was mixed and stirred at 25 °C with 0.108 g, 1 equiv of 1,4-phenylenediamine, 0.108 g, 1 equiv of 1,3-phenylenediamine, or 0.108 g, 1 equiv of 1,2-phenylenediamine. After the reaction was completed, the three mixtures were precipitated with diethyl ether to obtain three linear polymers LP-4, LP-5, and LP-6 with different structures. Fluorescence spectroscopy showed that the maximum absorption and emission peaks of LP-4, LP-5, and LP-6 in the solid state exhibited significant red shifts. The maximum excitation wavelengths of LP-4, LP-5, and LP-6 in the solid state were 380, 450, and 490 nm, respectively, and the maximum emission wavelengths were 441, 525, and 555 nm, respectively, corresponding to blue, green, and yellow-green light materials. Figure 2 This indicates that the method can be used to prepare luminescence colors that vary from the blue region to the yellow-green region, thereby enabling the ortho, meta, and para positions of two hydroxyl groups on the benzene ring to regulate the luminescence color of cyclic non-traditional fluorescent polymers.

[0027] In this embodiment, blue / green / yellow-green LCP fibers were spun through the above steps.

[0028] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiments. Within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not describe the various possible combinations separately.

[0030] Furthermore, various different embodiments of the present invention can be combined in any way, as long as they do not violate the spirit of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the content disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing colored special fibers based on polymer blending spinning technology, characterized in that, The steps include: (1) Mix the fluorescent polymer with the polymer matrix evenly, and then dry the mixed sample to make the water content of the mixed sample less than 0.1%; (2) Add the mixed sample obtained in step (1) into a screw extruder for melt extrusion granulation; (3) Colored fibers are produced by spinning after melting in step (2); In step (1), the fluorescent polymer structural unit has a general formula of any one of the following formulas one to six: Formula 1; Formula 2; Formula 3; Formula 4; Formula 5; Formula 6.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, By adjusting the position of the reactive functional groups on the ring in the fluorescent polymer structural unit, the emission color of the polymer structure can be controlled to change from the blue light region to the orange or yellow-green light region.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the mass ratio of the fluorescent polymer to the polymer matrix is ​​(1-5):(95-99).

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the drying temperature is 100-150℃ and the drying time is 20-24h.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (1), the polymer matrix is ​​polyarylate, nylon, or polyamide.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, In step (3), the melt temperature is controlled at 300-350℃.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The fluorescent polymer is prepared by mixing ethylene glycol dipropynate with cyclohexanediamine or phenylenediamine in a solvent at a molar ratio of 1:

1.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The cyclohexanediamine is 1,4-cyclohexanediamine, 1,3-cyclohexanediamine, or 1,2-cyclohexanediamine; the phenylenediamine is 1,4-phenylenediamine, 1,3-phenylenediamine, or 1,2-phenylenediamine.

9. Colored special fibers obtained by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.

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