Dust removal process based on up-down dislocation and segmented suction filtration cooperative air pressure cotton box

Abstract

The invention discloses a dust removal process based on an up-down dislocation and segmented suction filtration cooperation type air pressure cotton box. The dust removal process comprises the following steps: S1, feeding; and S2, dust suction filtration. On one hand, on the basis of upper and lower segmentation and staggered cooperation of suction filtration, the suction filtration area covers the whole feeding section and the top of the cotton feeding channel, fibers are pulled down and shaken loose due to the change of the suction filtration angle, the probability that the fibers are clustered and knotted is reduced, meanwhile, dust is raised, the dust filtering efficiency and quality are improved, the net hanging rate of a filter net is greatly reduced, and the service life of the filter net is prolonged. Cleaning and replacing frequency is reduced, and continuous and efficient operation of a production line is guaranteed; on the other hand, on the basis of shunting of the upper filter bin, airflow turbulence of the lower filter bin cannot be caused, suction filtration of the lower filter bin can be assisted to improve the dust removal quality, in addition, under suction filtration of the same negative pressure source, negative pressure between the suction filtration cavity and the lower filter bin is different and cannot interfere with each other, secondary dust raising and mistaken catching caused by improper control of negative pressure adsorption force are avoided, and the dust removal efficiency is improved. Therefore, the dedusting efficiency and the raw material yield are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of negative pressure dust removal technology, specifically relating to a dust removal process based on a staggered and segmented suction and filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box. Background Technology

[0002] The pneumatic cotton box is a key piece of equipment in textile machinery (especially carding machines and non-woven fabric production lines). It is mainly used for the uniform conveying and pretreatment of fibers. Its core function is to form a stable and uniform cotton layer from the opened fibers through air pressure control and vibration mechanism, so as to provide high-quality raw materials for subsequent carding processes.

[0003] However, the fiber raw materials contain a large amount of dust, which needs to be treated. Otherwise, the presence of dust will not only affect the operation of the equipment (wear, blockage, etc.) but also affect the quality of the product (uneven web formation, etc.) and have a negative impact on the production environment and safety. Therefore, a negative pressure dust removal system is installed in the feeding section of the cotton inlet channel. A filter screen is formed on the inner wall of the cotton inlet channel, and the dust suspended in the feeding section is adsorbed and filtered in by negative pressure. The fibers fall due to their own weight, so as to achieve negative pressure dust removal.

[0004] Although the above-mentioned dust removal methods can achieve the relative separation of dust and fibers, they have the following technical drawbacks: 1) Due to the small particle size and large quantity of dust (such as cotton dust, short fibers and impurity particles) in the feeding section, a dense dust layer will form on the filter screen surface after long-term operation, resulting in a decrease in filter screen porosity and an increase in air permeability resistance. This not only weakens the negative pressure dust removal efficiency (manifested as a decrease in air volume at the dust removal port and an increase in dust escape), but also requires frequent shutdowns for filter screen cleaning (such as manual tapping or high-pressure air backflushing), and may even require replacement of filter media, which seriously affects the continuous operation efficiency of the production line. 2) Turbulence or segregation may occur during fiber flow in the cotton inlet channel (such as fiber clumps causing the channel cross-section to shrink), which may disrupt the uniformity of the negative pressure airflow: on the one hand, the dense fiber area may have insufficient local negative pressure due to the shielding effect, and dust may not be effectively adsorbed; on the other hand, dead corners of the channel or areas with excessive flow velocity may cause the dust already attached to the filter screen to be re-raised by the airflow, resulting in a "dust removal-dust raising" cycle of pollution, which directly affects the dust removal efficiency and quality. 3) The negative pressure adsorption area is only located in the feeding section. Since the fibers (especially short fibers or lightweight fibers) have a small weight, if the negative pressure adsorption force is not properly controlled (such as excessive local negative pressure), they may be adsorbed by the filter along with the dust, resulting in the effective fibers being mistakenly captured and reducing the yield of yarn raw materials. At the same time, fine dust particles that have not been completely separated may still be mixed in the fibers, affecting the quality stability of subsequent carding, spinning and other processes. 4) Regarding pneumatic cotton conveying, the fibers move forward under the influence of airflow, which makes it easy for the fibers to clump or knot. During the dust removal process, this clumping or knotting not only affects the removal of dust but also affects the quality of the carding web. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a novel dust removal process based on a staggered and segmented suction and filtration collaborative pneumatic cotton box.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention is: a dust removal process based on a staggered and segmented suction-filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box. The dust removal equipment includes upper and lower dust removal units arranged in the upper and lower sections of a vertically extending cotton inlet channel. Each upper and lower dust removal unit has upper and lower filter chambers arranged on opposite sides of the cotton inlet channel in a staggered manner. Each upper filter chamber has a suction chamber and a diversion chamber. Each upper filter chamber is connected to two lower filter chambers via the diversion chamber. Dust-filtering screens are formed on the sidewalls of the cotton inlet channel corresponding to the upper and lower filter chambers. The upper and lower dust removal units share a negative pressure source and negative pressure pipeline. The dust removal process includes the following steps: S1, Feeding The cotton material is fed into the feeding section from the feeding channel and transported downwards along the cotton inlet channel. Due to its own weight, some fibers fall down, while some fibers and dust remain suspended in the feeding section. S2, Dust Filtering Based on negative pressure, the lower and upper filter chambers are simultaneously formed with negative pressure. The cotton material suspended in the feeding section passes through the upper and lower suction and filtration zones. Under the negative pressure adsorption at different positions and directions, the cotton material passes through the filter screen and enters the upper filter chamber. The airflow is then diverted to the two lower filter chambers. The airflow diverted into the lower filter chambers is in the same direction as the adsorption formed by the lower filter chambers. At the same time, the suction and filtration formed by the filter screen of the lower filter chambers allows the fibers to fall freely under their own weight, downward pull, and floating. The powder is collected centrally in the negative pressure pipeline.

[0007] Preferably, in step S1, the feeding channel is horizontally positioned, the cotton inlet channel is vertically positioned, and the suction and filtration chambers are symmetrically arranged on opposite sides of the feeding channel. Based on the horizontal feeding of the cotton, the cotton is relatively dispersed in the feeding section, avoiding fiber entanglement that could affect dust suction and filtration.

[0008] In some specific implementations, the upper and lower filter chambers are perpendicular to each other based on the filter screen's suction direction. This results in completely different adsorption and oscillation directions, which is more conducive to fiber dispersion. At the same time, the lower section of the filter can pull the upper section of fibers downwards, thereby reducing the probability of the fibers getting caught on the screen.

[0009] According to a specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present invention, the diversion chamber is connected from the top, and in step S2, the airflow is drawn out of the filter chamber through the negative pressure pipeline by the periodic change of the negative pressure difference between the two lower filter chambers, which is sinusoidal or cosine. Based on the periodic change of negative pressure, the fibers in the corresponding section are relatively shaken and oscillated, which not only facilitates the dust to be lifted and filtered, but also further reduces the fiber snagging rate, and at the same time, it is more conducive to the relative separation of short fibers and dust, further increasing the dust removal quality and efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, an airflow channel module is provided between the lower filter chamber and the negative pressure pipeline, and a negative pressure regulator is provided in the airflow channel module to change the airflow direction and velocity. The negative pressure regulator is based on the interconnection formed by the diversion chamber to realize the floating and reciprocating adjustment of the negative pressure difference. The setting of the airflow channel module avoids backflow and prevents the airflow from becoming chaotic inside the lower filter chamber.

[0011] In some specific embodiments, the airflow channel module extends along the length of the lower filter compartment and connects the lower filter compartment from the middle to the negative pressure pipeline at the bottom. This connection between the bottom and middle sections facilitates airflow transfer and ensures relatively uniform airflow.

[0012] Furthermore, the negative pressure regulator is a self-rotating impeller installed in the airflow channel module, and includes a wheel shaft, blades and a power component. The wheel shaft extends along the length of the airflow channel module, and the blades are strip-shaped and evenly distributed around the wheel shaft.

[0013] According to another specific embodiment and preferred aspect of the present invention, in step S2, based on the change in rotational speed formed by the rotating impellers respectively arranged in the two airflow channel modules, and combined with the interconnection formed by the flow divider chamber, the negative pressure of the two lower filter chambers is changed in a floating and periodic manner. At different impeller rotational speeds, the resulting airflow is unequal, thus forming a flow rate difference (i.e., a negative pressure difference). In this way, the fiber vibration frequency caused by suction filtration can better meet the removal requirements.

[0014] Preferably, the negative pressure pipeline includes a first branch and a second branch respectively connected to the lower filter chamber, a third branch and a fourth branch respectively connecting the aligned ends of the first branch and the second branch, a fifth branch for connecting the same-side ends of the third branch and the fourth branch, and a tee pipe arranged on the fifth branch, wherein the unconnected end of the tee pipe is the connection end of the negative pressure source, and the other ends of the third branch and the fourth branch are closed. Based on the relatively parallel branches and the convergence of the relatively series connection and the connecting pipe, the two lower filter chambers of the same negative pressure source are simultaneously subjected to negative pressure, eliminating the screen hanging defects caused by excessive instantaneous adsorption force.

[0015] Furthermore, the third and fourth branches are equipped with self-rotating spiral guide vanes. In step S2, when the gas is extracted, the spiral guide vanes, with the same guiding direction, assist in pressurizing and accelerating the airflow to the fifth branch. By using spiral guidance, the gas flowability is increased, thereby quickly extracting the gas and dust, reducing the dust residue rate in the upper and lower filter chambers, and also reducing the probability of "dust removal-dust re-entrainment" cycle pollution.

[0016] Furthermore, a drainage channel is formed at the bottom of the suction chamber, and a diversion plate and a sealing plate are formed on the side wall of the cotton inlet channel below the drainage channel. The sealing plate blocks the area formed by the diversion plate and the cotton inlet channel to form a diversion chamber. Not only is the diversion effect good, but a viewing window groove is also formed between the diversion chamber, the side wall of the cotton inlet channel, and the lower filter chamber. A transparent viewing window is provided on the side wall of the cotton inlet channel corresponding to the viewing window groove, which is not only aesthetically pleasing but also allows for observation of the internal fiber movement at any time.

[0017] Preferably, the flow dividers formed by the flow dividers are of equal size, and the flow dividers are right-angled or acute-angled plates. In step S2, the airflow drawn by the self-absorbing filter is evenly distributed to the two lower filter chambers based on the flow dividers. This not only ensures balanced flow distribution but also effectively reduces the impact of pressure changes in the lower filter chambers on the pressure balance of the aspiration filter chamber (note: the pressure in the aspiration filter chamber remains constant despite pressure changes in the lower filter chambers).

[0018] Due to the application of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: In existing negative pressure dust collection systems using pneumatic cotton boxes, the small particle size and large quantity of dust (such as cotton dust, short fibers, and impurity particles) in the feeding section lead to the formation of a dense dust layer on the filter screen surface after long-term operation. This results in a decrease in filter screen porosity and an increase in air permeability resistance, which not only weakens the negative pressure dust collection efficiency (manifested as a decrease in airflow at the dust collector and an increase in dust escape), but also requires frequent shutdowns for filter screen cleaning (such as manual tapping or high-pressure air backflushing), and may even necessitate replacement of filter media, severely impacting the continuous operation efficiency of the production line. Simultaneously, turbulence or segregation phenomena are easily generated during fiber flow within the cotton inlet channel (such as fiber clump accumulation leading to a reduction in channel cross-section), potentially disrupting the uniformity of the negative pressure airflow: on the one hand, dense fiber areas may experience insufficient negative pressure due to obstruction. On the one hand, dust cannot be effectively adsorbed; on the other hand, dead corners in the channel or areas with excessively high flow rates may cause the dust already attached to the filter to be re-raised by the airflow, resulting in a "dust removal-dust raising" cycle of pollution, directly affecting dust removal efficiency and quality; in addition, the negative pressure adsorption area formed is only located in the feeding section, and the fibers (especially short fibers or lightweight fibers) have a small self-weight. If the negative pressure adsorption force is not properly controlled (such as excessively high local negative pressure), they may be adsorbed by the filter along with the dust, resulting in the mis-capture of effective fibers and reducing the yield of yarn raw materials; at the same time, fine dust particles that have not been completely separated may still be mixed in the fibers, affecting the quality stability of subsequent carding, spinning and other processes; finally, for pneumatic cotton conveying, the fibers in the air Driven by the flow, fibers easily clump or knot. During dust removal, this clumping or knotting not only affects dust removal but also the quality of the carded web. This invention cleverly solves these shortcomings by employing a staggered, segmented suction and filtration collaborative pneumatic cotton box dust removal process. Using this process, firstly, the cotton material is fed into the feeding section from the feeding channel and transported downwards along the inlet channel. Due to its own weight, some fibers fall, while others remain suspended in the feeding section. Secondly, negative pressure is applied to simultaneously create negative pressure in the lower and upper filter chambers. The cotton material suspended in the feeding section passes through the upper and lower suction and filtration zones, and the cotton material at different positions in the upper and lower sections... Under negative pressure adsorption in different directions, the airflow that passes through the filter screen and enters the upper filter chamber is diverted to two lower filter chambers. The airflow diverted into the lower filter chambers is in the same direction as the adsorption formed by the lower filter chambers. At the same time, based on the suction and filtration formed by the filter screen of the lower filter chambers, the fibers fall freely under their own weight, downward pull, and floating, thereby completing the removal of dust. Therefore, this invention, on the one hand, is based on the upper and lower segmentation and staggered cooperation of the suction and filtration, which not only covers the entire feeding section and the top of the cotton inlet channel, but also reduces the probability of fiber clumping and knotting due to the downward pull and shaking of the fibers due to the change of the suction and filtration angle, while raising the dust, improving the dust removal efficiency and quality, and significantly reducing the screen clogging rate, reducing the frequency of cleaning and replacement, and ensuring the continuous and efficient operation of the production line.On the other hand, the upper filter chamber's diversion prevents airflow turbulence in the lower filter chamber and assists in its suction, improving dust removal quality. Furthermore, under the same negative pressure source, the different negative pressures between the suction chamber and the lower filter chamber do not interfere with each other, avoiding secondary dust generation and accidental capture caused by improper negative pressure adsorption control. This significantly improves dust removal efficiency and raw material yield. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the negative pressure dust removal system of the pneumatic cotton box in this embodiment; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural decomposition diagram; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A further structural decomposition diagram; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Front view diagram; Figure 5 for Figure 4 A left-view diagram; Figure 6 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the sectional view along the central AA direction; Figure 7 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a medium-negative pressure pipeline; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A top-down view; Figure 9 for Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the BB section; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point I; The components are as follows: 1. Upper dust removal unit; 10. Upper filter chamber; 100. Suction chamber; q. Drainage channel; 101. Diversion chamber; b1. Diversion plate; b2. Sealing plate; 2. Lower dust removal unit; 20. Lower filter chamber; 3. Negative pressure pipeline; 31. First branch; 32. Second branch; 33. Third branch; 34. Fourth branch; 35. Fifth branch; 36. T-pipe; 37. Spiral guide vane; 4. Airflow channel module; 5. Negative pressure regulator; 50. Wheel axle; 51. Blade; M. Cotton inlet channel; S. Feeding channel; W. Filter screen; X. Viewing window slot; C. Transparent viewing window. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0021] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0022] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0023] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0024] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" a second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of a second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" a second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature. It should be noted that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element present. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "above," "below," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible embodiments.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the dust removal process of this embodiment based on the vertically staggered and segmented suction and filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box includes an upper dust removal unit 1 and a lower dust removal unit 2 arranged in the feeding section based on the vertically extended cotton inlet channel M.

[0026] Specifically, the cotton inlet channel M has a square horizontal cross-section and is vertically arranged. The feeding channel S is located on one side of the top of the cotton inlet channel M and is horizontally arranged. The cotton material is fed into the feeding section from the feeding channel S and transported downwards along the cotton inlet channel. Due to its own weight, some fibers fall, while some fibers and dust remain suspended in the feeding section. In short, the horizontal feeding of the cotton material allows it to be relatively dispersed in the feeding section, avoiding fiber entanglement that could affect dust absorption.

[0027] The upper dust removal unit 1 includes an upper filter chamber 10 located in the upper section and symmetrically arranged about the feeding channel S. The lower dust removal unit 2 includes two lower filter chambers 20 located in the lower section and offset from the upper filter chamber 10 at a 90° angle. Each upper filter chamber 10 has a suction chamber 100 and a diversion chamber 101, wherein each upper filter chamber 10 is connected to the two lower filter chambers 20 through the diversion chamber 101, and a filter screen W for filtering dust is formed on the side wall of the cotton inlet channel M corresponding to the upper filter chamber 10 and the lower filter chamber 20. The upper dust removal unit 1 and the lower dust removal unit 2 share a negative pressure source and a negative pressure pipeline 3.

[0028] In some specific embodiments, a discharge channel q is formed at the bottom of the suction chamber 100. A diversion plate b1 and a sealing plate b2 are formed on the side wall of the cotton inlet channel M corresponding to the discharge channel q. The sealing plate b2 blocks the area formed by the diversion plate b1 and the cotton inlet channel M to form the diversion chamber 101. This not only provides good diversion effect, but also creates a viewing window slot X between the diversion chamber, the side wall of the cotton inlet channel, and the lower filter chamber. A transparent viewing window C is provided on the side wall of the cotton inlet channel corresponding to the viewing window slot X, which is not only aesthetically pleasing but also allows for observation of the internal fiber arrangement at any time. In this example, the diversion chambers formed by the diversion chamber 101 are of equal size, and the diversion plate b1 is a right-angled or acute-angled plate. The airflow drawn from the suction chamber 100 is evenly distributed to the two lower filter chambers 20 based on the diversion chamber 101. This not only ensures balanced diversion but also effectively reduces the pressure variation in the lower filter chambers, thus reducing the impact on the pressure balance of the suction chamber (note: the pressure inside the suction chamber remains constant during pressure variations in the lower filter chambers). In this example, the upper filter chamber 10 and the lower filter chamber 20 are perpendicular to each other based on the filter screen W. This results in completely different adsorption and oscillation directions, which is more conducive to fiber dispersion. At the same time, the lower section of the filter can pull the upper section of fibers downward, thereby reducing the probability of the fibers getting stuck on the screen.

[0029] The negative pressure pipeline 3 includes a first branch 31 and a second branch 32 that are respectively connected to the lower filter chamber 20; a third branch 33 and a fourth branch 34 that connect the aligned ends of the first branch 31 and the second branch 32; a fifth branch 35 that connects the ends of the third branch 33 and the fourth branch 34 on the same side; and a three-way pipe 36 arranged on the fifth branch 35. The unconnected end of the three-way pipe 36 is the connection end of the negative pressure source. The other ends of the third branch 33 and the fourth branch 34 are closed. The third branch 33 and the fourth branch 34 are also equipped with self-rotating spiral guide vanes 37. When the gas is extracted, the spiral guide vanes 37 with the same direction of flow are used to pressurize and accelerate the airflow to the fifth branch 35. By guiding the flow in a spiral manner, the flowability of the gas is increased, thereby quickly extracting the gas and dust, reducing the dust residue rate in the upper and lower filter chambers, and also reducing the probability of "dust removal-dust emission" cycle pollution.

[0030] In this example, an airflow channel module 4 is provided between the lower filter chamber 20 and the negative pressure pipeline 3, and a negative pressure regulator 5 is provided in the airflow channel module 4 to change the airflow direction and velocity. The negative pressure regulator 5 is based on the interconnection formed by the diversion chamber 101 to realize the floating and reciprocating adjustment of the negative pressure difference. The setting of the airflow channel module avoids backflow and prevents the airflow inside the lower filter chamber from becoming chaotic. The airflow channel module 4 extends along the length of the lower filter chamber 20 and connects the lower filter chamber 20 from the middle to the first branch 31 and the second branch 32 of the negative pressure pipeline 3 at the bottom. The negative pressure regulator 5 is a rotating impeller installed in the airflow channel module 4 and includes a wheel shaft 50, blades 51 and a power component. The wheel shaft 50 extends along the length of the airflow channel module 4, and the blades 51 are strip-shaped and evenly distributed around the wheel shaft 50. That is, based on the change in the rotational speed formed by the rotating impellers arranged in the two airflow channel modules 4, and combined with the interconnection formed by the diversion cavity 101, the negative pressure of the two lower filter chambers 20 is changed in a floating and periodic manner. Therefore, the airflow is different at different speeds of the impeller, thus forming a flow difference (that is, a negative pressure difference). In this way, the fiber shaking frequency caused by suction filtration can better meet the removal needs.

[0031] In summary, the implementation process of this embodiment includes the following steps: S1, Feeding The cotton material is fed into the feeding section through the feeding channel M and transported downwards along the cotton inlet channel M. Due to its own weight, some fibers fall down, while some fibers and dust remain suspended in the feeding section. S2, Dust Filtering Based on the negative pressure, the lower filter chamber 20 and the upper filter chamber 10 are simultaneously formed with negative pressure. The cotton material suspended in the feeding section passes through the upper and lower suction and filtration zones. Under the negative pressure adsorption at different positions and directions, the cotton material passes through the filter screen and enters the airflow of the upper filter chamber 10, which is then diverted to the two lower filter chambers 20. The airflow diverted into the lower filter chambers 20 is in the same direction as the adsorption formed by the lower filter chambers 20. At the same time, the suction and filtration formed by the filter screen of the lower filter chambers allows the fibers to fall freely under their own weight, downward pull and floating. The powder is collected centrally in the negative pressure pipeline 3.

[0032] In this example, the diversion chamber 101 is connected from the top. In step S2, the airflow is drawn out of the filter chamber through the negative pressure pipeline 3 by the periodic change of the negative pressure difference between the two lower filter chambers 20, which is either sinusoidal or cosine. Based on the periodic change of negative pressure, the fibers in the corresponding section are relatively shaken and oscillated, which not only facilitates the dust to be lifted and filtered, but also further reduces the fiber snagging rate. At the same time, it is more conducive to the relative separation of short fibers and dust, further increasing the dust removal quality and efficiency.

[0033] In summary, after adopting this dust removal process, firstly, the cotton material is fed into the feeding section through the feeding channel and transported downwards along the cotton inlet channel. Due to its own weight, some fibers fall, while some fibers and dust remain suspended in the feeding section. Secondly, based on negative pressure, the lower and upper filter chambers simultaneously form negative pressure. The cotton material suspended in the feeding section passes through the upper and lower suction filtration zones. Under the negative pressure adsorption at different positions and directions, the cotton material passes through the filter screen and enters the upper filter chamber. The airflow entering the upper filter chamber is then diverted to the two lower filter chambers, and the airflow diverted into the lower filter chambers is in the same direction as the adsorption formed by the lower filter chambers. Simultaneously, based on the suction filtration formed by the filter screen of the lower filter chambers, the fibers fall freely due to their own weight, downward pull, and floating, thereby completing the dust removal. Therefore, this invention, on the one hand, is based on the upper and lower segmentation and staggered positioning of the suction filtration. Collaboration not only covers the entire feeding section and the top of the cotton inlet channel with the suction and filtration zone, but also pulls and shakes the fibers downward due to the change in suction and filtration angle, reducing the probability of fiber clumping and knotting. Simultaneously, it raises dust, improving dust removal efficiency and quality, and significantly reducing the filter screen's screen adhesion rate, decreasing the frequency of cleaning and replacement, and ensuring continuous and efficient operation of the production line. On the other hand, based on the diversion of the upper filter chamber, it does not cause airflow turbulence in the lower filter chamber, and it also assists the suction and filtration of the lower filter chamber to improve dust removal quality. Furthermore, under the same negative pressure source, the different negative pressures between the suction chamber and the lower filter chamber do not interfere with each other, avoiding secondary dust generation and mis-trapping caused by improper control of negative pressure adsorption force, thereby significantly improving dust removal efficiency and raw material yield. Thirdly, the feeding channel is horizontally set, and the cotton inlet channel... The feed channel is vertically arranged, with the suction and filtration chambers symmetrically positioned on opposite sides of the feeding channel. Based on the horizontal feeding of the cotton material, the cotton is relatively dispersed in the feeding section, preventing fiber entanglement and ensuring effective dust removal. Fourthly, the upper and lower filter chambers are perpendicular in the suction direction formed by the filter screens, resulting in completely different adsorption and oscillation directions, which is more conducive to fiber dispersion. Simultaneously, the lower section of the filter can relatively pull down the fibers of the upper section, further reducing the probability of fiber entanglement. Fifthly, the periodic change of negative pressure causes the fibers in the corresponding section to relatively shake and oscillate, which not only facilitates dust lifting and filtration but also further reduces the fiber entanglement rate. It also promotes the relative separation of short fibers and dust, further increasing dust removal quality and efficiency. Furthermore, the negative pressure regulator... The interconnected flow channels allow for floating and reciprocating adjustment of negative pressure differential. Based on the airflow channel module, backflow is avoided to prevent chaotic airflow inside the lower filter chamber. Sixthly, the different airflow rates generated at different impeller speeds create a flow difference (i.e., a negative pressure difference), which makes the fiber vibration frequency caused by suction and filtration more suitable for the removal requirements. Seventhly, based on relatively parallel branches and the convergence of relatively series and through-pipes, the two lower filter chambers of the same negative pressure source can simultaneously implement negative pressure, eliminating the screen hanging defects caused by excessive instantaneous adsorption force. At the same time, the spiral flow guide increases the flowability of the gas, thereby quickly extracting the gas and dust, reducing the dust residue rate in the upper and lower filter chambers, and also reducing the probability of "dust removal-dust emission" cycle pollution.The eighth aspect is the design of the diversion chamber. This design not only provides excellent diversion efficiency, but also creates a viewing window between the diversion chamber, the sidewall of the cotton inlet channel, and the lower filter chamber. A transparent viewing window is provided on the sidewall of the cotton inlet channel corresponding to this viewing window, resulting in an aesthetically pleasing design and allowing for real-time observation of the internal fiber distribution. Furthermore, the diversion chambers formed by the diversion chambers are of equal size, and the diversion plates are either right-angled or acute-angled. The airflow drawn by the self-suction filter chamber is evenly distributed to the two lower filter chambers based on the diversion chamber, ensuring balanced flow and effectively reducing pressure fluctuations in the lower filter chambers that could affect the pressure balance of the suction filter chamber (note: the pressure inside the suction filter chamber remains constant despite pressure changes in the lower filter chamber).

[0034] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust removal process based on a staggered, segmented suction and filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box, characterized in that: The dust removal equipment used in this dust removal process includes upper and lower dust removal units based on an upwardly extending cotton inlet channel and arranged in the upper and lower sections corresponding to the feeding section. Each upper and lower dust removal unit has upper and lower filter chambers arranged on opposite sides of the cotton inlet channel and staggered vertically. Each upper filter chamber has a suction chamber and a diversion chamber, and each upper filter chamber is connected to two lower filter chambers through the diversion chamber. Dust-filtering screens are formed on the side walls of the cotton inlet channel corresponding to the upper and lower filter chambers. The upper and lower dust removal units share a negative pressure source and negative pressure pipeline. The dust removal process includes the following steps: S1, Feeding The cotton material is fed into the feeding section from the feeding channel and transported downwards along the cotton inlet channel. Due to its own weight, some fibers fall down, while some fibers and dust remain suspended in the feeding section. S2, Dust Filtering Based on negative pressure, the lower and upper filter chambers are simultaneously formed with negative pressure. The cotton material suspended in the feeding section passes through the upper and lower suction and filtration zones. Under the negative pressure adsorption at different positions and directions, the cotton material passes through the filter screen and enters the upper filter chamber. The airflow is then diverted to the two lower filter chambers. The airflow diverted into the lower filter chambers is in the same direction as the adsorption formed by the lower filter chambers. At the same time, the suction and filtration formed by the filter screen of the lower filter chambers allows the fibers to fall freely under their own weight, downward pull, and floating. The powder is collected centrally in the negative pressure pipeline.

2. The dust removal process based on the vertically staggered and segmented suction-filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the feeding channel is set horizontally, the cotton inlet channel is set vertically, and the suction filter chamber is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the feeding channel.

3. The dust removal process based on the vertically staggered and segmented suction-filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper and lower filter chambers are perpendicular to each other based on the suction direction formed by the filter screen.

4. The dust removal process based on the vertically staggered and segmented suction-filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diversion chamber is connected from the top. In step S2, the airflow is drawn out of the filter chamber through the negative pressure pipeline as the negative pressure difference between the two lower filter chambers changes periodically in a sinusoidal or cosine manner.

5. The dust removal process based on the vertically staggered and segmented suction-filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box according to claim 4, characterized in that: An airflow channel module is provided between the lower filter chamber and the negative pressure pipeline, and a negative pressure regulator is provided in the airflow channel module to change the airflow direction and velocity. The negative pressure regulator is based on the interconnection formed by the diversion cavity to realize the floating and reciprocating adjustment of the negative pressure difference.

6. The dust removal process based on the vertically staggered and segmented suction-filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The airflow channel module extends along the length of the lower filter compartment and connects the lower filter compartment from the middle to the negative pressure pipeline at the bottom.

7. The dust removal process based on the vertically staggered and segmented suction-filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The negative pressure regulator is a self-rotating impeller installed in the airflow channel module, and includes a wheel shaft, blades and a power component. The wheel shaft extends along the length of the airflow channel module, and the blades are strip-shaped and evenly distributed around the wheel shaft.

8. The dust removal process based on the vertically staggered and segmented suction-filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S2, based on the change in rotational speed formed by the rotating impellers arranged in the two airflow channel modules respectively, and combined with the interconnection formed by the flow divider, the negative pressure of the two lower filter chambers is changed in a floating and periodic manner.

9. The dust removal process based on the vertically staggered and segmented suction-filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure pipeline includes a first branch and a second branch that are respectively connected to the lower filter chamber, a third branch and a fourth branch that connect the aligned ends of the first branch and the second branch, a fifth branch that connects the ends of the third branch and the fourth branch on the same side, and a tee pipe arranged on the fifth branch, wherein the unconnected end of the tee pipe is the connection end of the negative pressure source, and the other ends of the third branch and the fourth branch are closed.

10. The dust removal process based on the vertically staggered and segmented suction-filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box according to claim 9, characterized in that: The third and fourth branches are also equipped with self-rotating spiral guide vanes. In step S2, when the gas is extracted, the spiral guide vanes with the same guiding direction assist in pressurizing and accelerating the airflow to the fifth branch.

11. The dust removal process based on the vertically staggered and segmented suction-filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box according to claim 1, characterized in that: A drainage channel is formed at the bottom of the suction chamber. A diversion plate and a sealing plate are formed on the side wall of the cotton inlet channel below the drainage channel. The sealing plate blocks the area formed by the diversion plate and the cotton inlet channel to form the diversion chamber.

12. The dust removal process based on the vertically staggered and segmented suction-filtration cooperative pneumatic cotton box according to claim 11, characterized in that: The flow dividers formed by the flow dividers are of equal size, and the flow dividers are right-angled or acute-angled plates. In step S2, the airflow drawn by the self-absorption filter is evenly distributed to the two lower filter chambers based on the flow dividers.

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