Conical plane conversion tamping device and tamping method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a cone-plane conversion tamping device and a tamping method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of insufficient deep tamping capacity, poor field adaptability, unreasonable tamping point distribution, low operation efficiency and the like of a traditional plate tamper. The device provided by the invention adopts a unique six-surface structure body comprising a large conical surface, a small conical surface, a flat plate surface, a bucket surface and the like; and flexible switching of different working surfaces is realized by matching components such as a middle shaft, an eccentric wheel, a shock absorber, a pull rod and a steering gear. When in use, all-directional tamping from the deep layer to the surface layer is realized through a series of steps of field leveling, deep layer tamping, deep layer tamping pit backfilling, middle layer tamping, middle layer tamping pit backfilling, shallow layer tamping, shallow layer tamping pit backfilling, surface layer tamping and the like. The device has the advantages of all-directional tamping, high field adaptability and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of engineering machinery technology, and in particular to a conical plane conversion compaction device and its compaction method. The device and method are especially suitable for earthwork compaction operations in various sites, covering scenarios such as foundation construction of building engineering, roadbed treatment of road engineering, dam reinforcement of water conservancy projects, and compaction operations in various backfill areas. Background Technology

[0002] In modern infrastructure construction, earthwork compaction is crucial for ensuring project quality and stability. Traditional plate compactors, as commonly used compaction equipment, have several shortcomings in practical applications: 1. Insufficient Deep Compaction Capacity: Traditional plate compactors rely primarily on their own weight and vibration to compact the surface layer of the soil, limiting the depth of energy transfer. When dealing with deeper backfill, it is difficult to achieve sufficient compaction of the deep backfill soil. For example, in building construction, if the deep compaction of the foundation soil does not meet the standards, the building may subsequently experience serious problems such as wall cracking and structural damage due to uneven foundation settlement. In road construction, insufficient deep soil compaction of the subgrade can lead to early pavement damage, uneven settlement, shortened road lifespan, and increased maintenance costs.

[0003] 2. Poor site adaptability: In confined and enclosed construction sites, such as urban building foundation pits and indoor basements, traditional compaction equipment is difficult to move flexibly and cover the entire site due to its large size and limited operating methods. Factors such as the turning radius and operating space requirements of the equipment limit its effectiveness in complex sites, easily leading to compaction dead spots and affecting the overall project quality.

[0004] 3. Low work efficiency: Traditional plate compactors can only compact a limited thickness of soil at a time. For deep soil, multiple layers need to be compacted, and additional work such as leveling after each layer is compacted is required, which prolongs the construction cycle and reduces efficiency. This problem is particularly prominent in large-scale projects with tight schedules, increasing both project and time costs.

[0005] With the increasing demands for engineering quality and construction efficiency in infrastructure projects, traditional plate compactors can no longer meet the needs of modern engineering. Therefore, developing a compaction device and method that can solve the problem of deep soil compaction, adapt to various complex and confined sites, and operate efficiently is of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a conical plane conversion compaction device and its compaction method, which aims to solve the problems that traditional flat plate compaction devices are unable to achieve sufficient compaction of deep backfill soil, resulting in early road damage, uneven settlement, shortened road service life and low operation efficiency.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: In the first aspect, a conical-plane conversion compaction device is provided. The upper part of the compaction device is a hoisting structure, and the lower end of the hoisting structure is connected to a gantry frame. A compaction block is rotatably connected inside the gantry frame. The compaction block has a hexahedral structure and four working surfaces. The first working surface is a large conical surface with a large tamping cone that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The second working surface is a small conical surface with multiple small tamping cones that are wider at the top and narrower at the bottom arranged in an array. The third working surface is a flat surface, and the fourth working surface is a bucket surface. The bucket surface and the flat surface are rotatably connected.

[0008] Furthermore, a central shaft is provided inside the compacted block. The central shaft passes through the two non-working surfaces of the compacted block and is rotatably connected to the vertical surface of the gantry frame through bearings. A rotating motor is also provided on one side of the gantry frame. The output end of the rotating motor is connected to the central shaft. A counterweight is also provided on the other end of the central shaft opposite to the rotating motor.

[0009] Furthermore, the compacted block is equipped with a vibrator, which consists of a drive motor and an eccentric wheel. The drive motor is located in the middle of the central shaft, and its output end is connected to the eccentric wheel. The eccentric wheel is rotatably connected to the central shaft through a bearing.

[0010] Furthermore, a shock absorber is installed at the upper end of the gantry frame, and the gantry frame is connected to the hoisting structure through the shock absorber.

[0011] Furthermore, the hoisting structure includes an upper plate, a middle plate, and tie rods. Multiple tie rods are located at the bottom of the middle plate and connected to the gantry frame. The upper plate is located above the middle plate and is rotatably connected by a connecting rod.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the upper plate via a bearing, and the other end of the connecting rod passes through the middle plate and is fixedly connected to the gantry. The upper end of the middle plate is provided with a steering gear, which is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. The lower end of the upper plate is provided with a gear motor, and the output end of the gear motor meshes with the steering gear.

[0013] Furthermore, the upper end of the upper plate is also provided with connecting vertical plates, and connecting shafts are provided between the connecting vertical plates.

[0014] Furthermore, the bucket face and the flat surface are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft, and an electric telescopic cylinder is also installed inside the compacted block. One end of the electric telescopic cylinder is rotatably connected to the inner side of the large conical surface, and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner side of the bucket face.

[0015] Secondly, a compaction method employing a conical plane conversion compaction device, the compaction method comprising: Step 1, site leveling: First, adjust the working angle of the gantry and the compaction block according to the actual compaction environment conditions. Then, switch the device to the bucket face and use the shape and structural characteristics of the bucket face to adjust the working angle and speed according to the terrain and undulations of the site. Move the bucket back and forth to push the soil so that the site is roughly level. Step 2, Deep Compaction: The conversion device is moved to the large cone surface, which is lowered to the surface of the backfill soil. Relying on the power of the equipment and the weight of the large cone, the descent speed and tamping frequency are adjusted according to the properties of the backfill soil and the project requirements to press the large cone into the deep layer of the backfill soil, covering the construction area at certain intervals and along a certain route. Step 3: Backfilling the deep compaction pit: After deep compaction, lift the device to fill the compaction pit formed by the large tamping cone, and control the quality and compaction degree of the backfill soil. Step 4, Intermediate layer compaction: Switch the device to the large cone surface again, lower the large cone surface, control the sinking depth of the large tamping cone according to the engineering design requirements, compact the backfill pit, adjust the tamping parameters, and complete the intermediate layer compaction of the construction area according to the established operation route and tamping point spacing. Step 5: Backfill the intermediate layer compaction pit: After the intermediate layer is compacted, lift the device and fill the newly formed compaction pit with qualified backfill soil. Check the quality and compaction degree of the backfill soil. Step 6, Shallow compaction: Switch the device to the small cone surface, operate the engineering machinery to lower the small cone surface to the surface of the backfill soil, adjust the lowering speed and compaction frequency of the small cone surface according to the actual situation of the shallow backfill soil, and perform shallow compaction on the shallow backfill soil. Step 7: Backfilling the shallow ramming pits: After the shallow ramming of the small cone surface is completed, lift the device and backfill the ramming pits formed by the small ramming cone with soil, controlling the flatness and compaction of the backfill soil. Step 8, Surface compaction: The conversion device is a flat plate. The flat plate structure is used to vibrate and compact the backfilled surface soil under the drive of the engineering machinery. The descent speed and vibration frequency are controlled and adjusted according to the compaction of the backfill soil and the engineering quality standards.

[0016] The technical solution adopted in this invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Comprehensive Compaction: This invention achieves comprehensive compaction from deep to surface layers through a unique conical-plane conversion design. The large conical surface penetrates deep into the backfill soil, effectively solving the problem that traditional plate compactors cannot handle deep soil layers. It processes deeper backfill soil in one go, improving the density and stability of deep backfill soil. The small conical surface and plate surface respectively perform fine compaction of shallow backfill soil, ensuring that the entire backfill soil structure reaches a high density standard from deep to shallow, significantly improving project quality.

[0017] 2. Strong site adaptability: Through the dense arrangement of compaction points and the design of a convertible lower working structure, this device is suitable for compaction operations in small, enclosed spaces. In complex construction environments, it can flexibly switch working surfaces to effectively compact areas of different shapes and sizes, eliminating the dead zones of traditional equipment and expanding the applicable scope of compaction operations.

[0018] 3. High Efficiency and Energy Saving: Optimized work processes and structural design improve the efficiency of compaction operations. Layered compaction reduces unnecessary repetitive work and lowers energy consumption. Simultaneously, the device's quick connection to common construction machinery makes it more convenient to use, further improving construction efficiency and reducing construction costs.

[0019] 4. Stable Quality: This invention employs strict parameter control and quality control at each compaction stage to ensure the stability and consistency of the compaction effect. Whether it's deep, medium, or shallow backfill soil, the designed compaction requirements are met, effectively avoiding engineering quality problems caused by uneven backfill soil compaction and improving the reliability and durability of the project. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 , one Side view of the seed cone-flat conversion compaction device; Figure 2 , one Front view of the seed cone-flat conversion compaction device; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the large cone surface; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the small cone surface; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of bucket face conversion for paving and leveling; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of deep compaction of the large conical surface; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of deep ramming pit for backfilling large cone surface; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the compaction of the middle layer of the large cone surface; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the compaction pit in the middle layer of the backfilled large cone surface; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of shallow compaction of small cone surface; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of shallow compaction pits for backfilling small cone surfaces; Figure 12 Schematic diagram of surface compaction of the conversion plate; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of multi-point dense compaction.

[0021] 1. Lifting structure; 2. Gantry frame; 3. Compactor block; 4. Large cone surface; 5. Large tamping cone; 6. Small cone surface; 7. Small tamping cone; 8. Flat plate surface; 9. Bucket surface; 10. Central shaft; 11. Rotary motor; 12. Counterweight; 13. Drive motor; 14. Eccentric wheel; 15. Shock absorber; 16. Upper plate; 17. Middle plate; 18. Tie rod; 19. Connecting rod; 20. Steering gear; 21. Gear motor; 22. Connecting vertical plate; 23. Connecting shaft; 24. Rotating shaft; 25. Electric telescopic cylinder; 26. Vibrator; 27. Backfill soil. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and effects of this invention clearer and more explicit, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0023] A conical plane conversion compaction device, see reference. Figure 1-Figure 4 This device mainly consists of a lower working structure and an upper hoisting structure 1, connected by a gantry frame 2. The lower working structure is in the shape of a near-cubic cube, namely the tamping block 3. The tamping block 3 has a unique hexahedral structure, encompassing two side plates, a large conical surface 4, a small conical surface 6, a flat surface 8, and a bucket surface 9, which together constitute the lower working structure. The two side plates are symmetrically arranged on the sides, with a central shaft 10 running through the middle of the side plates. The central shaft 10 serves as the rotating core component of the lower working structure, and a vibrator 26 is mounted on it. The vibrator 26 consists of a drive motor 13 and an eccentric wheel 13. The drive motor 13 is located in the middle of the central shaft 10, and its output end is connected to the eccentric wheel 13. The eccentric wheel 13 is rotatably connected to the central shaft 10 through bearings. During the tamping process, the eccentric wheel 13 rotates around the central shaft 10, generating vibration and providing the excitation force for the tamping operation. The central shaft 10 is installed inside the vertical surface of the gantry 2. The gantry 2 not only provides support for the lower working structure, but also plays a stabilizing role during the rotation of the eccentric wheel 13.

[0024] The compaction block 3 is rotatably connected to the inside of the gantry frame 2 via the central shaft 10, and a rotating motor 11 is connected to one end of the central shaft 10. The large cone surface 4, the small cone surface 6, the flat surface 8, and the bucket surface 9 are supported by the side plates. The rotating motor 11 can drive the compaction block 3 to rotate in a controlled manner around the central shaft 10. The rotational motion is based on the central shaft 10 between the two support plates as the rotation axis 24, and the two side plates as the stable support reference, so as to realize the conversion of different working surfaces.

[0025] A large tamping cone 5 is mounted on the large conical surface 4, positioned at the center of the large conical surface 4. Its shape is designed as an inverted cone, thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom. When switching to tamping on the large conical surface 4, the large tamping cone 5, under the excitation force of the rotating eccentric wheel 13, can penetrate deep into the backfill soil 27. The inverted cone shape allows the large tamping cone 5 to transmit the excitation force to the deeper layers of the backfill soil 27, effectively increasing the density of the deep backfill soil 27. The flat plate portion of the large conical surface 4 above the large tamping cone 5 effectively restrains the surface heave of the backfill soil 27 caused by the tamping cone 5's penetration, further compacting the soil.

[0026] Several small tamping cones 7 are evenly distributed on the flat plate of the small conical surface 6. Their shape is also an inverted cone structure, thicker at the top and thinner at the bottom. When switching to tamping on the small conical surface 6, the small tamping cones 7, under the excitation force of the rotating eccentric wheel 13, can be squeezed into the shallow backfill soil 27. The inverted cone shape allows the small tamping cones 7 to transmit the excitation force to the front layer of the backfill soil 27, thereby effectively improving the density of the shallow backfill soil 27. The flat plate of the small conical surface 6 above the small tamping cones 7 can effectively restrain the surface heave of the backfill soil 27 caused by the tamping cones 7, thus further compacting the soil.

[0027] The flat plate 8 is composed of a square rigid plate, and the surface of the flat plate 8 is flat. When switching to the flat plate 8 for compaction, the flat plate 8 can compact the surface of the backfill soil 27 under the action of the vibration force of the eccentric wheel 13.

[0028] The bucket face 9 is curved and is rotatably connected to the flat surface 8 via a rotating shaft 24. An electric telescopic cylinder 25 is also installed inside the compaction block 3. One end of the electric telescopic cylinder 25 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the large conical surface 4, and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner side of the bucket face 9. The bucket face 9 can rotate around the rotating shaft 24. When switching to compaction of the large conical surface 4, small conical surface 6, and flat surface 8, the bucket face 9 retracts to the compaction block 3 via the electric telescopic lever. When switching to working on the bucket face 9, the bucket face 9 rotates 90° around the rotating shaft 24 via the electric telescopic lever, forming a curved bucket, which can be used to spread and arrange the backfill soil 27.

[0029] The hoisting structure 1 includes an upper plate 16, a middle plate 17, and tie rods 18. Multiple tie rods 18 are located at the bottom of the middle plate 17 and connected to the gantry frame 2. The upper plate 16 is located above the middle plate 17 and is rotatably connected by a connecting rod 19.

[0030] A shock absorber 15 is installed on top of the gantry frame 2. The shock absorber 15 can effectively eliminate or reduce the vibration generated by the rotation of the eccentric wheel 13 on the central shaft 10, preventing the vibration from being transmitted to construction machinery such as excavators and loaders, and ensuring the comfort of the operators and the stability of the equipment. A tie rod 18 is installed between the gantry frame 2 and the central plate 17 for interconnection. The tie rod 18 has both connection and positioning functions, ensuring that the two plates maintain precise positional accuracy during relative movement.

[0031] Reinforcing ribs can be added to the corners of the gantry frame 2 structure to ensure the stability of the gantry frame 2; the rotating motor 11 is fixedly connected to one of the vertical surfaces of the gantry frame 2, and the output end of the rotating motor 11 is connected to the central shaft 10. The central shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the support plate through bearings, and a counterweight 12 is provided on the other end of the central shaft 10 opposite to the rotating motor 11. By setting the counterweight 12, the balance of the compaction block 3 can be further maintained, and the central shaft 10 can be prevented from rigidly breaking due to its weight being too biased towards the end with the motor during vibration.

[0032] A connecting rod 19 is installed through the middle of the upper plate 16 and the middle plate 17. The upper end of the connecting rod 19 is rotatably connected to the upper plate 16 through a bearing, and the lower end of the connecting rod 19 passes through the middle plate 17 and is fixedly connected to the lower plate. One end of the connecting rod 19 is rotatably connected to the upper plate 16 through a bearing, and the other end of the connecting rod 19 passes through the middle plate 17 and is fixedly connected to the gantry 2. A steering gear 20 is provided at the upper end of the middle plate 17 and is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 19. A gear motor 21 is provided at the lower end of the upper plate 16. The output end of the gear motor 21 meshes with the steering gear 20, which can realize the relative rotation of the upper plate 16 and the middle plate 17, thereby realizing the switching of different angles of the lower working structure to meet the needs of various working conditions.

[0033] Specifically, the gear motor 21 is a servo motor with a gear at the output end. It meshes with the steering gear 20 through the gear. When the motor starts, it can control the lower part of the device to rotate around the connecting rod 19 as the axis, adjust the working direction, and can also be linked with the engineering vehicle to realize automated operation.

[0034] Two connecting vertical plates 22 are connected above the upper plate 16, and two connecting shafts 23 are installed between the two connecting vertical plates 22. With the help of these two connecting shafts 23, the entire cone plane conversion compaction device can be quickly connected to construction machinery such as excavators and loaders to achieve flexible operation.

[0035] For solidification methods, please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 5-13 : Site leveling: Before commencing work, adjust the working angles of the gantry and the compaction blocks according to the actual compaction environment conditions, such as... Figure 5As shown, the lower working structure is then switched to bucket face 9, and the curved bucket is released. Utilizing the shape and structural characteristics of bucket face 9, connected construction machinery such as excavators and loaders are manipulated to perform preliminary leveling operations on the construction site. During the operation, the working angle and travel speed of the curved bucket are adjusted in a timely manner according to the actual terrain and undulations of the backfill soil 27. Through the reciprocating movement of the curved bucket, the surface of the backfill soil 27 is made relatively flat, thus creating favorable conditions for subsequent compaction operations.

[0036] Deep consolidation: like Figure 6 As shown, after site leveling, the lower working structure is transferred to the large conical surface 4 for deep compaction. The large conical surface 4 is lowered to the surface of the backfill soil 27, and then, relying on the rotational excitation force of the eccentric wheel 13 and the gravity of the large tamping cone 5, it is gradually pressed into the deeper layers of the backfill soil 27. During deep compaction, the descent speed of the large conical surface 4 and the rotation frequency of the eccentric wheel 13 are adjusted appropriately according to the properties of the backfill soil 27 and the engineering requirements. For harder backfill soil 27, the descent speed and tamping frequency are appropriately increased to ensure that the large tamping cone 5 can penetrate the backfill soil 27 to reach the designed depth; for softer backfill soil 27, the descent speed and tamping frequency are reduced to avoid excessive sinking of the large tamping cone 5 and disturbance of the backfill soil 27. During the pressing process into the backfill soil 27, the large tamping cone 5 generates strong compressive and impact forces on the deep backfill soil 27, causing the particles of the deep backfill soil 27 to rearrange and compact. Continue deep compaction work, covering the entire construction area at certain intervals and along a certain route, until all deep backfill soil 27 is compacted.

[0037] Backfilling deep compacted pits: like Figure 7 As shown, after the deep compaction work is completed, the lower working structure is lifted. At this time, a series of deep compaction pits formed by the large tamping cone 5 will remain in the backfill soil 27. These deep compaction pits are filled with backfill soil that meets relevant standards. The height of the backfill soil is made to be basically consistent with the height of the surrounding backfill soil 27, laying the foundation for the subsequent intermediate compaction work.

[0038] Mid-layer consolidation: like Figure 8As shown, the lower working structure is switched back to the large cone surface 4 for intermediate layer compaction. The large cone surface 4 is lowered, but this time the large tamping cone 5 does not completely sink into the backfill soil 27. Instead, its sinking depth is controlled according to the engineering design requirements to compact the previously backfilled deep pits. The vibration and compression forces of the large tamping cone 5 act on the backfill soil and the surrounding backfill soil 27 to a certain depth, further compacting the backfill soil and the surrounding backfill soil 27, making the backfill part more tightly bonded to the overall backfill soil 27, achieving the effect of intermediate layer compaction. During the intermediate layer compaction process, the tamping frequency and descent speed parameters are adjusted appropriately to ensure that the density of the intermediate layer backfill soil 27 meets the design standards. Following specific construction parameters and work routes, the intermediate layer compaction of the entire construction area is completed.

[0039] Backfilling the intermediate layer with compaction: like Figure 9 As shown, after the intermediate layer compaction is completed, lifting the lower working structure will also create new intermediate layer compaction pits on the surface of the backfill soil 27. The deep compaction pit backfilling steps are repeated to fill the compaction pits created by the intermediate layer compaction with qualified backfill soil. During the backfilling process, the quality and compaction degree of the backfill soil are checked again to ensure the flatness and continuity of the site surface, so that the subsequent shallow compaction work on the small cone surface 6 can proceed smoothly.

[0040] Shallow compaction: like Figure 10 As shown, the lower working structure is transferred to the small cone surface 6 for shallow compaction. The small cone surface 6 is lowered to the surface of the backfill soil 27, and the small tamping cones 7 apply vertical impact and compression forces to the shallow backfill soil 27, further compacting it. The dense distribution of the small tamping cones 7 ensures that the shallow backfill soil 27 undergoes high-frequency compaction within a small area, effectively improving its density and stability. During shallow compaction, the descent speed and tamping frequency of the small cone surface 6 are adjusted according to the actual conditions of the shallow backfill soil 27. For relatively loose shallow backfill soil 27, the tamping frequency and descent speed are appropriately increased; for shallow backfill soil 27 that already has a certain degree of density, the tamping frequency and descent speed are reduced to avoid over-compaction that could damage the backfill soil 27 structure. Through reasonable parameter adjustments, the shallow compaction operation of the shallow backfill soil 27 is completed.

[0041] Backfilling shallow compaction pits: like Figure 11 As shown, after the shallow compaction of the small cone surface 6 is completed, the lower working structure is lifted, leaving compaction pits formed by the small cones 7 on the surface of the backfill soil 27. Similar to the previous deep compaction pit step, these shallow compaction pits are backfilled with soil until they are level with the surrounding backfill soil 27. When backfilling the compaction pits of the small cone surface 6, care should be taken to control the flatness and compaction of the backfill soil to create good conditions for the final surface compaction of the flat surface 8.

[0042] Surface compaction: like Figure 12 As shown, the lower working structure is converted into a flat surface 8 for surface compaction. Utilizing the flat surface 8, the backfilled surface soil 27 is subjected to final vibration compaction. Through repeated vibration compaction on the flat surface 8, minor unevenness on the surface of the backfill soil 27 is further eliminated, making the surface of the backfill soil 27 more compact and smooth, meeting the final construction quality requirements. During the surface compaction process, the compaction frequency and time are reasonably controlled according to the compaction status of the backfill soil 27 and the engineering quality standards. For areas with higher compaction requirements, the number of compaction passes is appropriately increased and the compaction speed is reduced; for areas where the compaction degree has already reached the standard, the compaction speed is accelerated to improve construction efficiency. Through the above-mentioned layered compaction in four dimensions—deep, medium, shallow, and surface—the earthwork can achieve extremely high density, meeting the quality requirements of various projects, ultimately forming the compacted surface shown in the figure, achieving high-density earthwork compaction.

[0043] Through the above-described apparatus and method, the present invention can achieve the following technical effects: 1. Comprehensive Compaction: This invention achieves comprehensive compaction from deep to surface layers through a unique conical-plane conversion design. The large conical surface 4 can penetrate deep into the backfill soil 27, effectively solving the problem that traditional plate compactors cannot handle deep soil, processing deeper backfill soil in one go, and improving the density and stability of deep backfill soil 27. The small conical surface 6 and the plate surface 8 respectively perform fine compaction of shallow backfill soil 27, ensuring that the entire backfill soil structure 27 achieves a high density standard from deep to shallow, significantly improving the quality of the project.

[0044] 2. Strong site adaptability: Through the dense arrangement of compaction points and the design of a convertible lower working structure, this device is suitable for compaction operations in small, enclosed spaces. In complex construction environments, it can flexibly switch working surfaces to effectively compact areas of different shapes and sizes, eliminating the dead zones of traditional equipment and expanding the applicable scope of compaction operations.

[0045] 3. High Efficiency and Energy Saving: Optimized work processes and structural design improve the efficiency of compaction operations. Layered compaction reduces unnecessary repetitive work and lowers energy consumption. Simultaneously, the device's quick connection to common construction machinery makes it more convenient to use, further improving construction efficiency and reducing construction costs.

[0046] 4. Stable Quality: This invention employs strict parameter control and quality control at each compaction stage to ensure the stability and consistency of the compaction effect. Whether it is deep, medium, or shallow backfill soil 27, it can meet the designed compaction requirements, effectively avoiding engineering quality problems caused by uneven compaction of backfill soil 27, and improving the reliability and durability of the project.

Claims

1. A conical plane conversion compaction device, wherein the upper part of the compaction device is a hoisting structure (1), characterized in that, The lower end of the hoisting structure (1) is connected to the gantry frame (2), and the gantry frame (2) is rotatably connected to the compaction block (3). The compaction block (3) has a hexahedral structure and four working surfaces. The first working surface is a large cone surface (4), and a large tamping cone (5) with a wide top and narrow bottom is provided on the large cone surface (4). The second working surface is a small cone surface (6), and multiple small tamping cones (7) with a wide top and narrow bottom are arranged in an array on the small cone surface (6). The third working surface is a flat surface (8), and the fourth working surface is a bucket surface (9). The bucket surface (9) and the flat surface (8) are rotatably connected.

2. The conical plane conversion compaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compaction block (3) is also equipped with a central shaft (10). The central shaft (10) passes through the two non-working surfaces of the compaction block (3) and is rotatably connected to the vertical surface of the gantry frame (2) through bearings. A rotating motor (11) is also provided on one side of the gantry frame (2). The output end of the rotating motor (11) is connected to the central shaft (10). A counterweight block (12) is also provided on the other end of the central shaft (10) opposite to the rotating motor (11).

3. The conical plane conversion compaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compacted block (3) is also equipped with a vibrator (26), which consists of a drive motor (13) and an eccentric wheel (13). The drive motor (13) is located in the middle of the central shaft (10), and its output end is connected to the eccentric wheel (13). The eccentric wheel (13) is rotatably connected to the central shaft (10) through a bearing.

4. The conical plane conversion compaction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the gantry (2) is equipped with a shock absorber (15), and the gantry (2) is connected to the hoisting structure (1) through the shock absorber (15).

5. The conical plane conversion compaction device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The hoisting structure (1) includes an upper plate (16), a middle plate (17) and tie rods (18). Multiple tie rods (18) are located at the bottom of the middle plate (17) and connected to the gantry frame (2). The upper plate (16) is located above the middle plate (17) and is rotatably connected by a connecting rod (19).

6. The conical plane conversion compaction device according to claim 5, characterized in that, One end of the connecting rod (19) is rotatably connected to the upper plate (16) through a bearing, and the other end of the connecting rod (19) passes through the middle plate (17) and is fixedly connected to the gantry (2). The upper end of the middle plate (17) is provided with a steering gear (20), which is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (19). The lower end of the upper plate (16) is provided with a gear motor (21), and the output end of the gear motor (21) meshes with the steering gear (20).

7. The conical plane conversion compaction device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper end of the upper plate (16) is also provided with a connecting plate (22), and a connecting shaft (23) is provided between the connecting plates (22).

8. The conical plane conversion compaction device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bucket face (9) and the flat surface (8) are rotatably connected by a rotating shaft (24). An electric telescopic cylinder (25) is also provided inside the compacted block (3). One end of the electric telescopic cylinder (25) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the large conical surface (4), and the other end is rotatably connected to the inner side of the bucket face (9).

9. A compaction method using the conical plane conversion compaction device as described in claims 1-8, characterized in that, The methods for compaction include: Step 1, site leveling: First, adjust the working angle of the gantry (2) and the compaction block (3) according to the actual compaction environment conditions. Then switch the device to the bucket face (9). Utilize the shape and structural characteristics of the bucket face (9) to adjust the working angle and speed according to the terrain and undulations of the site. Move the bucket back and forth to push the soil so that the site is roughly level. Step 2, Deep compaction: Switch the device to the large cone surface (4), so that the large cone surface (4) descends to the surface of the backfill soil (27). Relying on the power of the equipment and the gravity of the large tamping cone (5), adjust the descent speed and tamping frequency according to the properties of the backfill soil (27) and the engineering requirements, and press the large tamping cone (5) into the deep layer of the backfill soil (27) to cover the construction area at certain intervals and along a certain route; Step 3: Backfilling the deep ramming pit: After deep ramming, lift the device to fill the ramming pit formed by the large ramming cone (5), and control the quality and compaction of the backfill soil; Step 4, intermediate layer compaction: Switch the device to the large cone surface (4) again, so that the large cone surface (4) descends. Control the sinking depth of the large tamping cone (5) according to the engineering design requirements, compact the backfill pit, adjust the tamping parameters, and complete the intermediate layer compaction of the construction area according to the predetermined operation route and tamping point spacing. Step 5: Backfill the intermediate layer compaction pit: After the intermediate layer is compacted, lift the device and fill the newly formed compaction pit with qualified backfill soil. Check the quality and compaction degree of the backfill soil. Step 6, shallow compaction: switch the device to the small cone (6), operate the engineering machinery to lower the small cone (6) to the surface of the backfill soil (27), adjust the lowering speed and compaction frequency of the small cone (6) according to the actual situation of the shallow backfill soil (27), and perform shallow compaction on the shallow backfill soil (27); Step 7: Backfilling shallow ramming pits: After the shallow ramming of the small cone surface (6) is completed, lift the device and backfill the ramming pits formed by the small ramming cone (7) with soil, and control the flatness and compaction of the backfill soil. Step 8, Surface compaction: The conversion device is a flat plate (8). The flat plate (8) structure is used to vibrate and compact the backfill soil (27) after backfilling under the drive of the engineering machinery. The descent speed and vibration frequency are controlled and adjusted according to the compaction of the backfill soil (27) and the engineering quality standards.

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