Drill hole image detection system used in water covering environment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of in-hole underwater detection, and provides a drilling image detection system used in a water covering environment, which comprises a transparent shell, an upper base, a lower base, a traction main cable, a camera, an electric guide rail, a bottom plate, a distance measuring device and a rolling device, the sealing structure of the transparent shell effectively adapts to a water covering environment, and normal work of internal electronic components is protected; the electric guide rail drives the camera to move up and down, so that the longitudinal range of image acquisition is expanded; the distance measuring device carries out diameter measuring operation; synchronous acquisition of borehole images and inner diameter data in a water covering environment is realized; multiple groups of cables are gathered into the traction main cable through the deconcentrator, the wiring structure is simplified, the traction main cable has the functions of power supply, signal transmission and traction, and the integration level and reliability of the device are improved; and by adopting the design of outputting images and data to the ground through a cable, the interference of an underwater environment on data transmission can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underwater borehole detection, specifically relating to a borehole image detection system for use in a water-covered environment. Background Technology

[0002] In geological exploration, the detection of the internal structure of boreholes is crucial. However, many boreholes face complex environments with high humidity and large amounts of water accumulation, posing numerous challenges to detection equipment. Traditional detection equipment is insufficient in terms of waterproofing, easily leading to short circuits or corrosion due to water intrusion, resulting in equipment damage and data loss. Simultaneously, existing equipment is susceptible to water flow disturbances during underwater operations, resulting in poor image quality, low data transmission efficiency, and an inability to accurately reflect the true situation inside the borehole. Furthermore, underwater data transmission and power supply face significant difficulties. As geological exploration advances into deeper and more complex water-covered borehole scenarios, the shortcomings of traditional equipment in terms of waterproofing, disturbance resistance, functional integration, and data transmission stability become increasingly apparent, failing to meet the demands for high precision, high efficiency, and high reliability. Therefore, developing a borehole detection device for water-covered environments with long-lasting reliable waterproof sealing, stable internal support, and efficient data transmission has become a key direction for addressing current industry pain points and promoting the upgrading of geological exploration technology. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a borehole image detection system for use in water-covered environments, thereby resolving the issues in the prior art. The technical solution adopted by this invention is as follows: A borehole image detection system for use in a water-covered environment includes a transparent shell, an upper base, a lower base, a traction main cable, a camera, an electric guide rail, a base plate, a ranging device, and a lifting device. The top of the transparent housing is sealed to the upper base, and its bottom is sealed to the lower base. The electric guide rail is vertically arranged inside the transparent housing, and the camera is mounted on the slider of the electric guide rail. The camera is connected to a camera connection cable, and the electric guide rail is connected to a guide rail connection cable. The camera connection cable and the guide rail connection cable are respectively connected to the traction main cable through the splitter. The traction main cable passes through the top of the upper base and is connected to the lifting device. The bottom of the lower base is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the base plate is connected to the distance measuring device for measuring the inner diameter and changes in the inner diameter.

[0004] Furthermore, the bottom of the upper base and the top of the lower base are both inserted into the transparent outer shell, a first sealing layer is provided between the bottom of the upper base and the transparent outer shell, and a second sealing layer is provided between the top of the lower base and the transparent outer shell.

[0005] Furthermore, it also includes a hollow main shaft, the top and bottom of which are rotatably connected to an upper base and a lower base, respectively; cameras are provided on both sides of the main shaft; a cavity is provided inside the lower base, and a motor is installed in the cavity, the output end of which is connected to the main shaft to drive the main shaft to rotate.

[0006] Furthermore, the hoisting device includes a frame, a traction motor, a pulley mechanism, and a rotating drum; The rotating drum is rotatably mounted on the frame. The traction motor is connected to the rotating drum via a pulley mechanism to drive the rotating drum to rotate. The main traction cable is wound around the rotating drum multiple times. One end of the main traction cable is fixedly connected to the upper base, and the other end of the main traction cable is connected to the control device.

[0007] Furthermore, a support seat is fixedly connected to the top of the upper base, and a cable retainer is fixedly connected to the top of the support seat. The main traction cable passes through and is fixedly connected to the cable retainer. Multiple spring telescopic rods are provided on the side of the support seat, and rollers are rotatably connected to the ends of the spring telescopic rods. The rollers are used to contact the hole wall.

[0008] Furthermore, a connecting seat is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base plate, and a rotating seat is rotatably connected to the bottom of the connecting seat; mounting holes are provided on the side of the rotating seat. The ranging device includes a pulley, a sliding rod, a piston, a ranging sensor, a spring, and a fixing tube; The mounting hole is fixedly connected to the fixing tube, and the piston is slidably disposed inside the fixing tube. The piston is fixedly connected to one end of the slide rod, and the other end of the slide rod extends out of the fixing tube and is rotatably connected to the pulley. The pulley is used to contact the hole wall. The spring is disposed on the side of the piston away from the slide rod. The transmitting end of the ranging sensor is installed at the inner end of the fixing tube, and the receiving end of the ranging sensor is installed on the piston. At least two of the ranging devices are provided on the outer side of the rotating base.

[0009] Furthermore, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to a driving bevel gear, the axis of which is horizontally set, and two driven bevel gears mesh above and below it; The bottom of the main shaft passes through the top surface of the lower base and is fixedly connected to the passive bevel gear located above; The driven bevel gear located below is fixedly connected to the drive shaft, which rotatably passes through the base plate and is fixedly connected to the rotating seat.

[0010] Furthermore, a hollow fixed shaft is provided inside the main shaft. The top of the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the upper base, and the bottom of the fixed shaft passes through the through holes of two driven bevel gears. The bottom of the fixed shaft is located inside the hollow transmission shaft. An internal cable splitter is fixedly installed inside the fixed shaft, and the motor connection cable of the motor passes through the side hole on the side of the fixed shaft and connects to the internal cable splitter. The distance measuring device cables of the multiple distance measuring devices are connected to a sensor splitter located inside the rotating base. The sensor splitter twists the multiple distance measuring device cables together to form a sensor cable. The sensor cable passes through the bottom of the fixed shaft and is connected to the splitter inside the tube. The pipe splitter twists the sensor cable and the motor connection cable together to form the main cable inside the pipe. The splitter twists the main cable inside the pipe, the camera connection cable, and the guide rail connection cable together to form the traction main cable.

[0011] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: the transparent shell of the present invention effectively adapts to the water-covered environment and protects the normal operation of the internal electronic components; the electric guide rail drives the camera to move up and down, expanding the longitudinal range of image acquisition; the ranging device performs diameter measurement operations; it realizes the synchronous acquisition of borehole images and inner diameter data in the water-covered environment; multiple sets of cables are combined into a traction main cable through a splitter, simplifying the wiring structure, while the traction main cable also has power supply, signal transmission and traction functions, improving the integration and reliability of the device; the design of using cables to output images and data to the ground can avoid the interference of the underwater environment on data transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the distribution of the cameras; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the motor connection cables. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The following will be based on embodiments of the present invention. Figures 1-4 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.

[0014] like Figures 1-3A borehole image detection system for use in a water-covered environment includes a transparent shell 10, an upper base 9, a lower base 17, a traction main cable 11, a camera 16, an electric guide rail 13, a base plate 19, a ranging device 22, and a lifting device. The top of the transparent housing 10 is sealed to the upper base 9, and its bottom is sealed to the lower base 17. The electric guide rail 13 is vertically arranged inside the transparent housing 10, and the camera 16 is mounted on the slider of the electric guide rail 13. The camera 16 is connected to the camera connecting cable 12, and the electric guide rail 13 is connected to the guide rail connecting cable. The camera connecting cable 12 and the guide rail connecting cable are respectively connected to the traction main cable 11 through the splitter 20. The traction main cable 11 passes through the top of the upper base 9 and is connected to the lifting device. The bottom of the lower base 17 is fixedly connected to the base plate 19, and the base plate 19 is connected to the distance measuring device 22 for measuring the inner diameter and changes in the inner diameter.

[0015] Specifically, the transparent shell 10, upper base 9, and lower base 17 constitute a closed detection chamber. The purpose of this invention is to penetrate deep into the water-bearing borehole and capture image information of the borehole wall 1 inside the borehole through the camera 16, thereby achieving high-definition visual detection of borehole wall defects. The electric guide rail 13 drives the camera 16 to move up and down inside the transparent shell 10, so as to achieve the purpose of fine-tuning the height of the camera 16 to take pictures of the borehole wall 1 at different positions. The lifting device realizes the lifting and lowering control of the detection chamber through the traction main cable 11. The traction main cable 11 realizes the function of traction of the transparent shell 10, and multiple cables are twisted inside it to realize the functions of power supply and communication. The image of the borehole wall 1 collected by the camera 16 is transmitted to the external receiving device through the camera connecting cable 12, the splitter 20, and the traction main cable 11. The movement of the electric guide rail 13 receives external control signals through the guide rail connecting cable, the splitter 20, and the traction main cable 11. The measurement data of the ranging device 22 is also transmitted to the splitter 20 through the corresponding line. The splitter 20 integrates multiple cables and transmits them to the ground through the traction main cable 11.

[0016] It should be noted that the splitter 20 involved in this invention is prior art, capable of twisting multiple cables into one, such as the camera connection cable 12 and the guide rail connection cable. Both cables pass through the splitter 20 and are fixed, twisted within the traction main cable 11, and then bound together into a single complete cable by the outer cable sleeve of the traction main cable 11. The outer cable sleeve of the traction main cable 11 can be made of steel wire rubber cable sleeve, possessing high strength and high sealing characteristics, suitable for traction and underwater operations.

[0017] The transparent outer shell 10 of this invention has a sealed structure that effectively adapts to the water-covered environment and protects the normal operation of the internal electronic components; the electric guide rail 13 drives the camera 16 to move up and down, expanding the longitudinal range of image acquisition; the ranging device 22 performs diameter measurement operations; and the synchronous acquisition of borehole images and inner diameter data is realized in the water-covered environment; multiple sets of cables are combined into a traction main cable 11 through a splitter 20, which simplifies the wiring structure. At the same time, the traction main cable 11 has the functions of power supply, signal transmission and traction, improving the integration and reliability of the device; the design of outputting images and data to the ground via cables can avoid the interference of the underwater environment on data transmission.

[0018] Alternatively, a power supply can be configured inside the probe cabin to power various electronic components, or the power lines of each electronic component can be led out through the main traction cable 11.

[0019] Furthermore, the bottom of the upper base 9 and the top of the lower base 17 are both inserted into the transparent outer shell 10. A first sealing layer 33 is provided between the bottom of the upper base 9 and the transparent outer shell 10, and a second sealing layer 18 is provided between the top of the lower base 17 and the transparent outer shell 10.

[0020] The first and second sealing layers are existing technologies, such as rubber gaskets or O-rings. The upper base 9 and the lower base 17 can be connected to the transparent outer shell 10 by bolts.

[0021] Furthermore, it also includes a hollow main shaft 14, the top and bottom of which are rotatably connected to an upper base 9 and a lower base 17, respectively; cameras 16 are provided on both sides of the main shaft 14; a cavity is provided inside the lower base 17, and a motor 21 is installed in the cavity, the output end of which is connected to the main shaft 14 to drive the main shaft 14 to rotate.

[0022] During detection, motor 21 starts, driving main shaft 14 to rotate around its own axis. Main shaft 14 drives cameras 16 on both sides to rotate synchronously. During rotation, cameras 16 acquire circumferential images of the hole wall. Cameras 16 are wide-angle cameras, preferably two, symmetrically distributed on both sides of main shaft 14. The rotation angle of main shaft 14 is less than 180°, for example, in the range of 0°-90°, and motor 21 rotates reciprocally without continuous rotation to avoid tangling of camera connection cables 12. The wide-angle view of the two cameras 16 is used to completely capture the hole wall 1. This design can avoid tangling of the two camera connection cables 12. Camera connection cables 12 are preferably spiral elastic cables with a certain tensile capacity, which can be appropriately lengthened or shortened with the up and down movement of cameras 16 and the rotation of main shaft 14.

[0023] Furthermore, the lifting device includes a frame 1, a traction motor 2, a pulley mechanism 3, and a rotating drum 4; The rotating drum 4 is rotatably mounted on the frame 1. The traction motor 2 is connected to the rotating drum 4 through the pulley mechanism 3 to drive the rotating drum 4 to rotate. The traction main cable 11 is wound around the rotating drum 4 multiple times. One end of the traction main cable 11 is fixedly connected to the upper base 9, and the other end of the traction main cable 11 is connected to the control device 5.

[0024] The pulley mechanism 3 is existing technology, including pulleys and a belt, which enables the rotation of the rotating drum 4. The rotating drum 4 converts its rotational motion into the linear motion of the traction main cable 11 by winding or releasing the cable, thereby achieving the raising and lowering of the probe cabin. The control device 5 transmits control signals, inner diameter data, and image signals from various electronic components via the traction main cable 11. The control device 5 is existing technology, such as a computer or control box, used to receive image information and inner diameter data, and to send control signals. The power supply configured inside the probe cabin can be connected to an external power supply via the traction main cable 11. The external power supply is installed inside the rotating drum 4 to provide power. Alternatively, a battery can be directly installed inside the probe cabin to power the various electronic components, in which case the traction main cable 11 only transmits signals and data, not electricity.

[0025] The connection between the control device 5 and the traction main cable 11 is preferably a wireless connection. The end of the traction main cable 11 can be connected to a corresponding wireless module, such as a wireless transceiver, to realize wireless communication with the control device 5. The wireless module is fixedly installed on the rotating drum 4.

[0026] Furthermore, the top of the upper base 9 is fixedly connected to the bearing seat 7, and the top of the bearing seat 7 is fixedly connected to the cable retainer 6. The main traction cable 11 passes through and is fixedly connected to the cable retainer 6. The side of the bearing seat 7 is provided with a plurality of spring telescopic rods 8, and the ends of the spring telescopic rods 8 are rotatably connected to rollers. The rollers are used to contact the hole wall.

[0027] The cable retainer 6 enhances the connection strength between the main traction cable 11 and the detection cabin, effectively preventing the main traction cable 11 from loosening or falling off during traction. The cable retainer 6 serves a load-bearing function and is based on existing technology, such as cable clips, clamps, flange rings, and clamping devices. The spring telescopic rod 8 is also based on existing technology, comprising a sleeve, a telescopic rod, and a built-in spring. The elastic force of the built-in spring provides outward thrust to the telescopic rod, ensuring the rollers fit tightly against the borehole wall 1, forming radial support for the detection cabin. The gravity of the counterweight 19 lowers the center of gravity of the detection cabin.

[0028] Furthermore, the bottom of the base plate 19 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 23, and the bottom of the connecting seat 23 is rotatably connected to the rotating seat 24; the side of the rotating seat 24 is provided with mounting holes. The ranging device 22 includes a pulley 220, a slide rod 221, a piston 222, a ranging sensor, a spring 224, and a fixing tube 227; The mounting hole is fixedly connected to the fixing tube 227. The piston 222 is slidably disposed inside the fixing tube 227. The piston 222 is fixedly connected to one end of the slide rod 221. The other end of the slide rod 221 extends out of the fixing tube 227 and is rotatably connected to the pulley 220. The pulley 220 is used to contact the hole wall. The spring 224 is disposed on the side of the piston 222 away from the slide rod 221. The transmitting end 225 of the ranging sensor is installed at the inner end of the fixing tube 227, and the receiving end 223 of the ranging sensor is installed on the piston 222. At least two ranging devices 22 are provided on the outer side of the rotating base 24.

[0029] During distance measurement, the rotating base 24 drives the side-mounted distance measuring device 22 to rotate synchronously. The pulley 220, under the elastic force of the spring 224, adheres to the borehole wall and rolls with it. When the borehole inner diameter changes, the borehole wall pushes the pulley 220, causing the sliding rod 221 and piston 222 to slide within the fixed tube 227, and the spring 224 extends and retracts accordingly. The transmitting end 225 of the distance measuring sensor continuously transmits detection signals, and the receiving end 223 receives these signals. By calculating the distance change between the transmitting end 225 and the receiving end 223, and combining this with the outer diameter of the pulley 220, the length of the piston 222, and the length of the sliding rod 221, the sensor converts this into borehole inner diameter and inner diameter change data. The distance measuring sensor indirectly obtains borehole inner diameter data by detecting the position change of the piston 222.

[0030] It should be noted that two ranging devices 22 are preferably provided, symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rotating base 24. By combining the data from the two ranging devices 22, the inner diameter of the hole wall 1 can be measured. Furthermore, by combining the distance measurements of the two ranging devices 22, the degree of change in the inner diameter of the hole wall 1 and the taper inside the hole can be reflected. The ranging sensor is an existing technology, such as a laser ranging sensor, a photoelectric sensor, or a displacement sensor.

[0031] Furthermore, the output end of the motor 21 is fixedly connected to the driving bevel gear 29, the axis of the driving bevel gear 29 is set horizontally, and two driven bevel gears 30 mesh above and below it; The bottom of the main shaft 14 passes through the top surface of the lower base 17 and is fixedly connected to the passive bevel gear 30 located above it; The passive bevel gear 30 located below is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 32, which rotatably passes through the base plate 19 and is fixedly connected to the rotating seat 24.

[0032] Furthermore, a hollow fixed shaft 31 is provided inside the main shaft 14. The top of the fixed shaft 31 is fixedly connected to the upper base 9, and the bottom of the fixed shaft 31 passes through the through holes of two passive bevel gears 30. The bottom of the fixed shaft 31 is located inside the hollow transmission shaft 32. An in-pipe splitter 26 is fixedly installed inside the fixed shaft 31, and the motor connection cable 27 of the motor 21 passes through the side hole on the side of the fixed shaft 31 and is connected to the in-pipe splitter 26. The ranging device cables 226 of the multiple ranging devices 22 are connected to the sensor splitter 25 located inside the rotating base 24. The sensor splitter 25 twists the multiple ranging device cables 226 together to form a sensor cable 28. The sensor cable 28 passes through the bottom of the fixed shaft 31 and is connected to the splitter 26 inside the tube. The pipe splitter 26 twists the sensor cable 28 and the motor connection cable 27 together to form the pipe main cable 15. The splitter 20 twists the main cable 15 inside the pipe, the camera connecting cable 12, and the guide rail connecting cable into the traction main cable 11.

[0033] The power supply and control signals of the motor 21 are transmitted to the tube splitter 26 inside the fixed shaft 31 through the motor connection cable 27; the measurement data of multiple ranging devices 22 are transmitted to the sensor splitter 25 inside the rotating seat 24 through their respective ranging device cables 226, and after being twisted together, they are transmitted to the tube splitter 26 through the sensor cable 28; the tube splitter 26 twists the sensor cable 28 and the motor connection cable 27 together into the tube main cable, and transmits it to the splitter 20 at the upper base 9; the splitter 20 further twists the tube main cable, the camera connection cable 12, and the guide rail connection cable together into the traction main cable 11, and finally connects it to the control device 5.

[0034] The sensor splitter 25 is fixedly mounted inside the rotating base 24. The fixed shaft 31 provides a channel for the main cable and the ranging device cable 226 inside the pipe, preventing the cables from getting tangled when the main shaft 14 and drive shaft 32 rotate. The sensor splitter 25 twists multiple ranging device cables 226 into a single sensor cable 28. The pipe splitter 26 twists the sensor cable 28 and the motor connection cable 27 into the main cable inside the pipe. Finally, the splitter 20 twists all the cables into the traction main cable 11, achieving centralized management of multiple sets of cables. Figure 4 The motor connection cable 27 is led out from the side of the motor 21 and passes through the fixed shaft 31 into the interior of the fixed shaft 31, avoiding interference with the driving and driven bevel gears. This invention uses multiple splitters to twist multiple dispersed cables into a centralized cable, simplifying the system cable layout; all cables are ultimately integrated into a single traction main cable 11, realizing the functions of traction and cable management.

[0035] During detection, motor 21 starts, and the camera 16 and ranging device 22 rotate through the transmission of active and passive bevel gears to capture images and measure the inner diameter in real time. The rotation angle of the main shaft 14 and the rotating seat 24 is less than 180°, for example, in the range of 0°-90°. Motor 21 rotates back and forth without continuous rotation. Sensor cable 28 rotates during this process. Therefore, sensor cable 28 is preferably a spiral elastic cable with torsional bearing capacity, which can be moderately twisted with the rotation of ranging device 22. Within this rotation range, the average distance data measured by the two ranging devices 22 is taken, and combined with the length and spacing of the ranging devices 22, the average inner diameter can be obtained. The fluctuation of the distance measured by the two ranging devices 22 can be used as a basis for the uniformity and taper of the hole.

[0036] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modifications, alterations, substitutions, or variations made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A borehole image detection system for use in a water-covered environment, characterized in that, It includes a transparent shell (10), an upper base (9), a lower base (17), a traction main cable (11), a camera (16), an electric guide rail (13), a base plate (19), a ranging device (22), and a lifting device; The top of the transparent housing (10) is sealed to the upper base (9), and the bottom of the housing is sealed to the lower base (17). The electric guide rail (13) is vertically arranged inside the transparent housing (10). The camera (16) is installed on the slider of the electric guide rail (13). The camera (16) is connected to the camera connecting cable (12), and the electric guide rail (13) is connected to the guide rail connecting cable. The camera connecting cable (12) and the guide rail connecting cable are respectively connected to the traction main cable (11) through the splitter (20). The traction main cable (11) passes through the top of the upper base (9) and is connected to the lifting device. The bottom of the lower base (17) is fixedly connected to the base plate (19), and the base plate (19) is connected to the distance measuring device (22) for measuring the inner diameter and the change of the inner diameter.

2. The borehole image detection system for a water-covered environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the upper base (9) and the top of the lower base (17) are both inserted into the transparent shell (10). A first sealing layer (33) is provided between the bottom of the upper base (9) and the transparent shell (10), and a second sealing layer (18) is provided between the top of the lower base (17) and the transparent shell (10).

3. The borehole image detection system for a water-covered environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a hollow main shaft (14), the top and bottom of which are rotatably connected to an upper base (9) and a lower base (17); cameras (16) are provided on both sides of the main shaft (14); a cavity is provided inside the lower base (17), and a motor (21) is installed inside the cavity. The output end of the motor (21) is connected to the main shaft (14) to drive the main shaft (14) to rotate.

4. The borehole image detection system for a water-covered environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting device includes a frame (1), a traction motor (2), a pulley mechanism (3), and a drum (4). The rotating drum (4) is rotatably mounted on the frame (1). The traction motor (2) is connected to the rotating drum (4) through the pulley mechanism (3) to drive the rotating drum (4) to rotate. The rotating drum (4) is wound with multiple turns of the traction main cable (11). One end of the traction main cable (11) is fixedly connected to the upper base (9), and the other end of the traction main cable (11) is connected to the control device (5).

5. A borehole image detection system for a water-covered environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the upper base (9) is fixedly connected to the bearing seat (7), and the top of the bearing seat (7) is fixedly connected to the cable holder (6). The main traction cable (11) passes through and is fixedly connected to the cable holder (6). Multiple spring telescopic rods (8) are provided on the side of the bearing seat (7). The ends of the spring telescopic rods (8) are rotatably connected to rollers, which are used to contact the hole wall.

6. A borehole image detection system for a water-covered environment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the base plate (19) is fixedly connected to the connecting seat (23), and the bottom of the connecting seat (23) is rotatably connected to the rotating seat (24); the side of the rotating seat (24) is provided with mounting holes; The ranging device (22) includes a pulley (220), a slide bar (221), a piston (222), a ranging sensor, a spring (224), and a fixed tube (227). The mounting hole is fixedly connected to the fixing tube (227), and the piston (222) is slidably disposed inside the fixing tube (227). The piston (222) is fixedly connected to one end of the slide rod (221), and the other end of the slide rod (221) extends out of the fixing tube (227) and is rotatably connected to the pulley (220). The pulley (220) is used to contact the hole wall. The piston (222) is provided with the spring (224) on the side away from the slide rod (221). The transmitting end (225) of the ranging sensor is installed at the inner end of the fixing tube (227), and the receiving end (223) of the ranging sensor is installed on the piston (222). At least two of the ranging devices (22) are provided on the outer side of the rotating base (24).

7. A borehole image detection system for a water-covered environment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The output end of the motor (21) is fixedly connected to the active bevel gear (29), the axis of the active bevel gear (29) is set horizontally, and two passive bevel gears (30) mesh above and below it. The bottom of the main shaft (14) passes through the top surface of the lower base (17) and is fixedly connected to the passive bevel gear (30) located above it. The passive bevel gear (30) located below is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (32), which rotatably passes through the base plate (19) and is fixedly connected to the rotating seat (24).

8. A borehole image detection system for a water-covered environment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The main shaft (14) is provided with a hollow fixed shaft (31). The top of the fixed shaft (31) is fixedly connected to the upper base (9). The bottom of the fixed shaft (31) passes through the through holes of two passive bevel gears (30). The bottom of the fixed shaft (31) is located inside the hollow transmission shaft (32). A pipe splitter (26) is fixedly installed inside the fixed shaft (31). The motor connection cable (27) of the motor (21) passes through the side hole on the side of the fixed shaft (31) and is connected to the pipe splitter (26). The ranging device cables (226) of the plurality of ranging devices (22) are connected to a sensor splitter (25) located inside the rotating base (24). The sensor splitter (25) twists the plurality of ranging device cables (226) together to form a sensor cable (28). The sensor cable (28) passes through the bottom of the fixed shaft (31) and is connected to the splitter (26) inside the tube. The in-pipe splitter (26) twists the sensor cable (28) and the motor connection cable (27) together to form the in-pipe main cable (15). The splitter (20) twists the main cable (15) in the pipe, the camera connecting cable (12), and the guide rail connecting cable into the traction main cable (11).

Images