Fireproof photovoltaic junction box

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic junction boxes, in particular to a fireproof photovoltaic junction box. Comprising a base, the base is in sliding connection with a protective shell, the protective shell is provided with a cover plate, a spring is arranged between the cover plate on the protective shell and the base, an H-shaped frame is fixedly connected in the protective shell, conducting strips which are symmetrically distributed are fixedly connected to the H-shaped frame, and the conducting strips are provided with conducting parts which are electrically connected with the conducting strips. The protective shell is fixedly connected with fixed shells which are symmetrically distributed, one side, which is positioned in the protective shell, of each fixed shell is fixedly connected with a guide shell, each fixed shell is provided with a cable which is electrically connected with the adjacent conductive part, and a diode is electrically connected between the symmetrically distributed conductive parts. The junction box is arranged to be of a split structure of the base, the protective shell and the cover plate, and only the base is fixed on the photovoltaic module, so that the base and the protective shell can be separated in time under an abnormal condition, and the situation that the base and the protective shell are completely fixed on the photovoltaic module is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of photovoltaic junction box technology, and in particular to a fireproof photovoltaic junction box. Background Technology

[0002] The photovoltaic junction box is a key component of a solar photovoltaic power generation system, mainly used to connect photovoltaic modules to external circuits (such as inverters). Its functions include securing cables, providing connection terminals, and preventing reverse current flow. The following are the main components of a photovoltaic junction box: Box: Used to house internal components; Connection terminals: used for connecting cables and external circuits; Diodes: Prevent reverse current flow and protect photovoltaic modules from damage caused by reverse current. Lid: Used to seal the box.

[0003] However, existing photovoltaic junction boxes have the following problems: Inconvenient to disassemble: The use of adhesive fixation makes it difficult to separate the junction box from the photovoltaic module. When internal components burn out or the junction box is damaged, the difficulty of separating the adhesive makes it impossible to remove the junction box immediately, increasing the difficulty of maintenance. High temperature causes adhesive failure: In the event of circuit abnormalities (such as fire or excessive temperature), the adhesive fixing material will soften due to high temperature, resulting in unreliable connection between the junction box and the photovoltaic module; Safety hazard: If the junction box is heated and burns, causing damage, it will stick to the photovoltaic modules. Not only is it difficult to deal with, but it can also cause the fire to spread, threatening the safety of the entire photovoltaic system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems mentioned in the background section, the present invention provides a fireproof photovoltaic junction box.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a fireproof photovoltaic junction box, comprising a base, a protective shell slidably connected to the base, a cover plate installed on the protective shell, a spring provided between the cover plate on the protective shell and the base, an H-shaped frame fixedly connected inside the protective shell, symmetrically distributed conductive sheets fixedly connected to the H-shaped frame, conductive elements electrically connected to the conductive sheets, symmetrically distributed fixed shells fixedly connected to the protective shell, a guide shell fixedly connected to one side of the fixed shell located inside the protective shell, a cable electrically connected to the adjacent conductive elements provided on the fixed shell, the cable passing through the adjacent fixed shell and the adjacent guide shell, diodes electrically connected between the symmetrically distributed conductive elements, and when the diode temperature is abnormal, the protective shell separates from the base, and a connecting component for connecting the two is provided between the base and the protective shell.

[0006] Furthermore, the connecting component includes a plurality of first limiting blocks, a plurality of sliding frames, and a plurality of second limiting blocks, and the number of the three is the same. The plurality of first limiting blocks are all fixedly connected to the base and are all located inside the protective shell. The plurality of sliding frames slide along the inside of the protective shell. A tension spring is fixedly connected between the sliding frames and the protective shell. The plurality of second limiting blocks are respectively disposed on the plurality of sliding frames. The first limiting blocks are used to limit adjacent second limiting blocks.

[0007] Furthermore, the sliding frame is fixedly connected to a multi-stage elastic telescopic rod, and the telescopic ends of the multi-stage elastic telescopic rod are fixedly connected to the second limiting block.

[0008] Furthermore, the supporting force provided by the multi-stage elastic telescopic rod to the second limiting block is less than the tensile force provided by the upper tension spring of the sliding frame.

[0009] Furthermore, a fixing frame is fixedly connected inside the protective shell, and the fixing frame is slidably connected to a centrally symmetrical sliding frame. The number of sliding frames is the same as the number of sliding frames, and a connecting rope is fixedly connected between the sliding frame and the adjacent sliding frame.

[0010] Furthermore, an arc-shaped piece is fixed to the fixing frame near the diode, and a thermistor is detachably connected to the arc-shaped piece on the fixing frame. The sliding frame is symmetrically distributed on one side near the thermistor and fits against it. The thermistor is used to support the symmetrically distributed sliding frame.

[0011] Furthermore, a soft pad is fixed to the side of the sliding frame near the thermal element, and the soft pad on the sliding frame is in contact with the thermal element.

[0012] Furthermore, the conductive element is slidably connected to the adjacent conductive sheet, and the cable is slidably connected to the adjacent fixed shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the guide housing is provided with an annular inclined surface for guiding adjacent cables and conductive components.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes several limiting frames, the number of which is the same as the number of sliding frames. The several limiting frames are respectively fixedly connected to the several sliding frames, and the limiting frames are used to limit the adjacent conductive components.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: To solve the problems of inconvenient disassembly, adhesive failure due to high temperature, and safety hazards associated with existing photovoltaic junction boxes, this device adopts: Split design: The junction box is set as a split structure of base, protective shell and cover plate. Only the base is fixed to the photovoltaic module, so that the base can be separated from the protective shell in time in case of abnormality, avoiding being completely fixed to the photovoltaic module. Pop-up isolation: When the junction box temperature exceeds the threshold, the protective shell and cover can pop out to effectively isolate the fire source and prevent the fire from spreading to the photovoltaic modules; Power-off function: Upon ejection, the power is immediately cut off to further ensure system safety and avoid secondary disasters caused by circuit abnormalities; Improved maintenance convenience: The pop-up design makes it easier to repair or replace the junction box, reducing maintenance costs and time. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the internal components of the protective shell of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the protective shell of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the positional relationship between the conductive sheet and the conductive element of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram showing the positional relationship between the diode and the thermistor element of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an exploded three-dimensional view of the H-shaped frame and conductive sheet of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the sliding frame of the present invention; Figure 9 This is an exploded three-dimensional view of the first and second limiting blocks of the present invention. Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding frame and the limiting frame of the present invention. The components are labeled as follows: 1-base, 2-protective shell, 3-H-shaped frame, 4-conductive sheet, 5-conductive component, 6-fixed shell, 7-guide shell, 8-cable, 9-diode, 10-first limiting block, 11-sliding frame, 12-second limiting block, 13-multi-stage elastic telescopic rod, 14-fixed frame, 15-sliding frame, 16-thermal element, 17-limiting frame. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Other features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the following description, and will be apparent in part from the description, or may be learned by practicing the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the structures pointed out in the description and drawings.

[0018] To overcome the shortcomings of existing photovoltaic junction boxes, such as inconvenience in disassembly, adhesive failure at high temperatures, and potential safety hazards, this device adopts the following innovative design: By designing the junction box as a separate structure of base, protective shell and cover, with only the base fixed to the photovoltaic module, it is ensured that the base and protective shell can be quickly separated in case of circuit abnormality, avoiding the junction box being permanently fixed to the photovoltaic module due to high temperature or damage. Meanwhile, a pop-up isolation function is introduced. When the internal temperature of the junction box exceeds the set threshold, the protective shell and cover will automatically pop out to block the fire source in time and prevent the fire from spreading to the photovoltaic modules. In addition, the power can be cut off immediately after the device pops up, which further enhances the system's safety performance and effectively prevents secondary disasters caused by circuit failures. This makes the repair or replacement of junction boxes simpler and faster, reducing maintenance costs and time consumption, as detailed below: Example 1 This embodiment discloses a fireproof photovoltaic junction box for connecting photovoltaic modules and external circuits.

[0019] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the device includes a base 1, a protective shell 2 slidably connected to the base 1, and a cover plate mounted on the protective shell 2. A spring is installed between the cover plate on the protective shell 2 and the base 1 (only one spring is shown in the diagram; in actual use, springs can be installed at all four corners of the cover plate on the protective shell 2). The spring on the cover plate of the protective shell 2 is fixedly connected to the cover plate. When the protective shell 2 is in contact with the base 1 (the protective shell 2 is already connected to the cover plate), the spring on the cover plate of the protective shell 2 is in contact with the base 1 and is in a compressed state. An H-shaped frame 3 is fixedly connected inside the protective shell 2. Two symmetrically distributed conductive sheets 4 are fixedly connected to the H-shaped frame 3. A diode 9 is used for unidirectional current transmission. Each conductive sheet 4 is provided with a conductive element 5 electrically connected to it. The shell 2 is fixedly connected to symmetrically distributed fixed shells 6. The number of fixed shells 6 is the same as the number of conductive sheets 4 (this invention only uses two conductive sheets 4 as an example, and the specific number of conductive sheets 4 can be adjusted according to the actual situation). A guide shell 7 is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed shell 6 inside the protective shell 2. The fixed shell 6 is provided with a cable 8 that is electrically connected to the adjacent conductive parts 5. The cable 8 passes through the adjacent fixed shell 6 and the adjacent guide shell 7. A diode 9 is electrically connected between the symmetrically distributed conductive parts 5. When the diode 9 has an abnormal temperature (when the current delivered by the diode 9 is over-voltage, it will cause its abnormal temperature rise), the protective shell 2 separates from the base 1. A connecting component for connecting the two is provided between the base 1 and the protective shell 2.

[0020] like Figures 6-8As shown, the connecting assembly includes several first limiting blocks 10, several sliding frames 11, and several second limiting blocks 12, with the same number of each. The first limiting blocks 10 are all fixedly connected to the base 1 and located within the protective shell 2. The sliding frames 11 slide within the protective shell 2, and a tension spring is fixedly connected between the sliding frames 11 and the protective shell 2. The second limiting blocks 12 are respectively disposed on the sliding frames 11. The first limiting blocks 10 are used to limit adjacent second limiting blocks 12. There are two first limiting blocks 10; this number is for illustrative purposes only and is not a limitation. When the protective shell 2 is in contact with the base 1, adjacent sliding frames 11... The tension spring is in a stretched state. Both the first limiting block 10 and the second limiting block 12 are provided with inclined surfaces to facilitate the compression of the second limiting block 12 by the first limiting block 10. A multi-stage elastic telescopic rod 13 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 11. The telescopic end of the multi-stage elastic telescopic rod 13 is fixedly connected to the second limiting block 12 so that when the second limiting block 12 is compressed by the first limiting block 10, the second limiting block 12 only compresses the multi-stage elastic telescopic rod 13 and does not cause the adjacent sliding frame 11 to move. The supporting force provided by the multi-stage elastic telescopic rod 13 to the second limiting block 12 is less than the tension provided by the tension spring on the sliding frame 11. A fixing frame is fixedly connected inside the protective shell 2. 14. A centrally symmetrical sliding frame 15 is slidably connected to the fixed frame 14. The number of sliding frames 15 is the same as the number of sliding frames 11. A connecting rope is fixed between the sliding frame 15 and the adjacent sliding frame 11. An arc-shaped piece is fixed to the fixed frame 14 near the diode 9. A thermistor 16 is detachably connected to the arc-shaped piece on the fixed frame 14. The side of the centrally symmetrically distributed sliding frame 15 close to the thermistor 16 is attached to it. The thermistor 16 is used to support the centrally symmetrically distributed sliding frame 15. The thermistor 16 can refer to the thermistor glass ball in the existing fire sprinkler head. The thermistor glass ball contains a liquid that expands when heated. During use, according to... The liquid in the thermistor glass bulb that expands due to heat is replaced according to the ambient temperature to meet the triggering conditions at the operating temperature. Thermistor 16 can also be a thermal fuse. When the temperature of diode 9 rises abnormally, thermistor 16 melts. Furthermore, fire extinguishing elements can be installed around thermistor 16. When thermistor 16 breaks or melts due to heat, the fire extinguishing elements spray into the protective shell 2 without obstruction to achieve the effect of extinguishing fire inside the protective shell 2. A soft pad is fixed to the side of the sliding frame 15 near the thermistor 16. The soft pad on the sliding frame 15 contacts the thermistor 16 to prevent the sliding frame 15 from making hard contact with the thermistor 16.

[0021] The above setup can achieve the following: Before installation, the staff will first install the base 1 into the photovoltaic module (the installation method is the same as the existing one). Then, the two cables 8 will be connected to the photovoltaic module on the side away from the base 1. During normal operation, the current is transmitted to the left conductive plate 4 through the left cable 8 and conductive element 5. The left conductive plate 4 will then transmit the current through the diode 9 to the right conductive plate 4, conductive element 5 and cable 8, thus completing the current transmission (during the current flow through the diode 9, the thermistor 16 monitors the heat emitted by the diode 9).

[0022] When the heat dissipated by diode 9 during current transmission increases significantly and exceeds the threshold of thermistor 16, thermistor 16 breaks due to heat, thus losing support for the two sliding frames 15. Under the action of adjacent tension springs, the two sliding frames 11 move in opposite directions. During the movement of the sliding frames 11, the sliding frames 15 slide along the fixed frame 14 through adjacent connecting ropes. The sliding frames 11 drive the second limiting block 12 to move closer to the protective shell 2 through adjacent multi-stage elastic telescopic rods 13, so that the second limiting block 12 no longer contacts the adjacent first limiting block 10, thereby disconnecting the connection between the second limiting block 12 and the adjacent first limiting block 10. Under the action of springs on the cover plate of the protective shell 2, the cover plate moves through the protective shell 2 and the parts on it to the side away from the base 1, so as to achieve the effect of rapid ejection of the protective shell 2 and its parts, avoiding the impact of unexpected situations on the photovoltaic module after the parts inside the protective shell 2 (when a fire occurs inside the protective shell 2, the handling method of this device can make the protective shell 2 eject quickly, thereby protecting the photovoltaic module).

[0023] After the protective shell 2 is ejected, the staff will maintain or repair it. If there is no fire inside the protective shell 2, the staff will first clean the broken thermistor 16 inside the protective shell 2, and then install the new thermistor 16 onto the mounting bracket 14. The installation process is as follows: The worker presses down on the two sliding frames 15, causing the two sliding frames 15 to move towards each other via adjacent connecting ropes (the sliding frames 11 stretch the adjacent tension springs during the movement, keeping the tension springs in a stretched state). When the distance between the two sliding frames 15 is sufficient to place the new thermal element 16 onto the fixed frame 14, the worker stops pressing down on the two sliding frames 15. At this point, the worker places the new thermal element 16 onto the arc-shaped piece on the fixed frame 14, and then releases the two sliding frames 15, so that the soft pads on the two sliding frames 15 are in contact with the two sides of the new thermal element 16.

[0024] After the replacement of the thermal element 16 is completed, the staff puts the protective shell 2 back onto the base 1. During the process of putting the protective shell 2 onto the base 1, the inclined surface of the second limiting block 12 first contacts the inclined surface of the adjacent first limiting block 10. At this time, the staff continues to press the protective shell 2 (during this process, the spring on the cover plate of the protective shell 2 is gradually compressed). After being squeezed by the adjacent first limiting block 10, the second limiting block 12 moves to the side closer to the protective shell 2 (during the movement of the second limiting block 12, it squeezes the telescopic part of the adjacent multi-stage elastic telescopic rod 13).

[0025] When the protective shell 2 is attached to the base 1, the inclined surface of the second limiting block 12 no longer contacts the inclined surface of the adjacent first limiting block 10. At this time, the second limiting block 12 is located on the lower side of the inclined surface of the adjacent first limiting block 10. Under the action of the extension of the extension part of the multi-stage elastic telescopic rod 13, the second limiting block 12 moves towards the adjacent first limiting block 10, thereby locking the two and fixing the protective shell 2 and its parts to the base 1.

[0026] When a fire breaks out inside the protective shell 2 and the internal parts cannot be reused, a new protective shell 2 is installed on the previous base 1, and the installation process is the same as described above.

[0027] Example 2 This embodiment discloses a fireproof photovoltaic junction box, which is a further improvement on embodiment 1.

[0028] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the conductive element 5 is slidably connected to the adjacent conductive sheet 4, and the two remain electrically connected when they are relatively stationary. The cable 8 is slidably connected to the adjacent fixed shell 6. An annular inclined surface is provided inside the guide shell 7. The diameter of the annular inclined surface inside the guide shell 7 gradually increases from the side closer to the fixed shell 6 to the side farther away from the fixed shell 6. This is used to guide the adjacent cable 8 and conductive element 5. When the conductive element 5 actively disconnects from the adjacent conductive sheet 4, the power supply is stopped to protect the conductive sheet 4 and the diode 9.

[0029] As shown in Figure 6- Figure 10 As shown, it also includes several limiting frames 17. The number of limiting frames 17 is the same as the number of sliding frames 15. The limiting frames 17 are fixedly connected to the sliding frames 15 respectively. The limiting frames 17 are used to limit the adjacent conductive parts 5. By limiting the conductive parts 5 with the limiting frames 17, the conductive parts 5 will not be pulled out at will.

[0030] The above settings enable the following: when the heat dissipated by the diode 9 during current transmission increases significantly and exceeds the threshold of the thermistor 16, the thermistor 16 breaks, thus no longer supporting the two sliding frames 15. The sliding frame 11 pulls the sliding frame 15 through the adjacent connecting rope, and the sliding frame 15 drives the adjacent limiting frame 17 to move, so that the limiting frame 17 no longer blocks the adjacent conductive element 5, thereby releasing the restriction on the conductive element 5.

[0031] When the protective shell 2 is ejected, since the ends of the two cables 8 located outside the protective shell 2 are connected to the photovoltaic module, the distance that the protective shell 2 ejects is greater than the length of the two cables 8. Under the action of the throwing force, the protective shell 2 forces the two conductive parts 5 to disconnect from the two conductive plates 4, so as to achieve the effect of power cut-off and fire prevention. When the conductive parts 5 detach and contact the adjacent conductive plates 4, the conductive parts 5 slide out along the adjacent fixed shell 6 and guide shell 7. Under the action of the annular inclined surface inside the guide shell 7, the conductive parts 5 are easily detached.

[0032] During maintenance, the staff inserts the two conductive parts 5 into the conductive sheet 4 through the adjacent guide shell 7 and the fixed shell 6 respectively, restoring the electrical connection between the conductive parts 5 and the adjacent conductive sheet 4. Then, the limiting frame 17 re-limits the adjacent conductive parts 5 to prevent the conductive parts 5 from being dragged.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fireproof photovoltaic junction box, characterized in that, The device includes a base (1), a protective shell (2) slidably connected to the base (1), a cover plate installed on the protective shell (2), a spring between the cover plate on the protective shell (2) and the base (1), an H-shaped frame (3) fixed inside the protective shell (2), symmetrically distributed conductive sheets (4) fixed to the H-shaped frame (3), conductive parts (5) electrically connected to the conductive sheets (4), symmetrically distributed fixed shells (6) fixed to the protective shell (2), a guide shell (7) fixed to one side of the fixed shell (6) located inside the protective shell (2), a cable (8) electrically connected to the adjacent conductive parts (5) of the fixed shell (6), the cable (8) passing through the adjacent fixed shell (6) and the adjacent guide shell (7), a diode (9) electrically connected between the symmetrically distributed conductive parts (5), when the diode (9) has an abnormal temperature, the protective shell (2) separates from the base (1), and a connecting component for connecting the base (1) and the protective shell (2) is provided between the base (1) and the protective shell (2).

2. The fireproof photovoltaic junction box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting component includes several first limiting blocks (10), several sliding frames (11), and several second limiting blocks (12), and the number of the three is the same. Several first limiting blocks (10) are fixed to the base (1) and are located inside the protective shell (2). Several sliding frames (11) slide along the protective shell (2). A tension spring is fixed between the sliding frame (11) and the protective shell (2). Several second limiting blocks (12) are respectively disposed on several sliding frames (11). The first limiting blocks (10) are used to limit the adjacent second limiting blocks (12).

3. A fireproof photovoltaic junction box according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding frame (11) is fixedly connected to a multi-stage elastic telescopic rod (13), and the telescopic end of the multi-stage elastic telescopic rod (13) is fixedly connected to the second limiting block (12).

4. A fireproof photovoltaic junction box according to claim 3, characterized in that, The supporting force provided by the multi-stage elastic telescopic rod (13) to the second limiting block (12) is less than the tension provided by the upper tension spring of the sliding frame (11).

5. A fireproof photovoltaic junction box according to claim 4, characterized in that, The protective shell (2) is fixedly connected to a fixed frame (14), and the fixed frame (14) is slidably connected to a centrally symmetrical sliding frame (15). The number of the sliding frames (15) is the same as the number of the sliding frames (11). The sliding frames (15) are fixedly connected to the adjacent sliding frames (11) by a connecting rope.

6. A fireproof photovoltaic junction box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The fixed frame (14) has an arc-shaped piece fixed near the diode (9). The arc-shaped piece on the fixed frame (14) is detachably connected to a thermistor (16). The sliding frame (15) is symmetrically distributed in the center and fits against the thermistor (16) on one side. The thermistor (16) is used to support the symmetrically distributed sliding frame (15).

7. A fireproof photovoltaic junction box according to claim 6, characterized in that, A soft pad is fixed to the side of the sliding frame (15) near the thermal element (16), and the soft pad on the sliding frame (15) is in contact with the thermal element (16).

8. A fireproof photovoltaic junction box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive element (5) is slidably connected to the adjacent conductive sheet (4), and the cable (8) is slidably connected to the adjacent fixed shell (6).

9. A fireproof photovoltaic junction box according to claim 8, characterized in that, The guide shell (7) is provided with an annular inclined surface for guiding the adjacent cable (8) and conductive component (5).

10. A fireproof photovoltaic junction box according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes several limiting frames (17), the number of which is the same as the number of sliding frames (15). The several limiting frames (17) are respectively fixed to the several sliding frames (15). The limiting frames (17) are used to limit the adjacent conductive parts (5).

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