Multi-mode magnetorheological brake

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of brakes, and provides a multi-mode magnetorheological brake which comprises a first end cover, a second end cover, a cylinder barrel and a rotating shaft, the two ends of the cylinder barrel are connected with the first end cover and the second end cover respectively, the rotating shaft penetrates through the first end cover and the second end cover, and an annular magnetic mechanism is connected between the first end cover and the second end cover. A containing cavity is defined by the magnetic mechanism, the first end cover and the second end cover, the rotating shaft is sleeved with a brake disc, the brake disc comprises a disc body and a plurality of transverse rotors, a plurality of rotor grooves are formed in the side wall of the disc body, the transverse rotors are slidably connected into the rotor grooves, the first end cover is provided with a first annular groove, and the second end cover is provided with a second annular groove. The transverse rotor is connected with the first rod body and the second rod body, the depth of the first ring groove and the depth of the second ring groove change periodically, and magnetorheological fluid is arranged in the containing cavity. By the adoption of the structure, three working modes of circumferential shearing, transverse shearing and shearing valves can be achieved, and high braking torque can be output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of braking technology, and in particular to a multi-mode magnetorheological brake. Background Technology

[0002] As a crucial factor affecting vehicle safety, the stability and controllability of automotive brakes are of paramount importance. While traditional mechanical brakes are easy to install and relatively inexpensive, they are significantly affected by temperature and cannot adjust braking force according to changes in road conditions.

[0003] Magnetorheological brakes are intelligent braking devices based on the rheological properties of magnetorheological fluids. Due to the reversible transformation of magnetorheological fluids from Newtonian fluids to solid-like substances under the influence of a magnetic field, magnetorheological brakes can adjust the braking torque by controlling the current in the excitation coil, featuring rapid response, simple structure, and adjustable braking torque. Magnetorheological brakes generally increase braking torque by increasing the effective damping gap length and magnetic induction intensity, which also increases their size and makes their structure more complex. Based on the different working modes of the magnetorheological fluid, magnetorheological brakes can be divided into shear-type, valve-type, and compression-type working modes. Shear-type magnetorheological brakes can be further divided into transverse shear and circumferential shear based on the direction of torque application; valve-type magnetorheological brakes require the formation of two cavities inside the brake by changing the volume of these cavities; compression-type brakes rely on the compression of the magnetorheological fluid between two working surfaces to generate shear stress. Most magnetorheological brakes only employ a single working mode, resulting in lower output braking torque, larger brake size, inconvenient installation, and limited application range.

[0004] Existing magnetorheological brakes only use a single operating mode, resulting in a small output braking torque. This leads to problems such as low space utilization and excessively large structural size. The torque-to-volume ratio of these brakes is generally low, making them unsuitable for applications with limited installation space and high output torque. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the present invention aims to provide a multi-mode magnetorheological brake. This invention integrates three operating modes—lateral shearing, circumferential shearing, and shear valve—into a single unit without altering the structural dimensions, enabling the output of greater braking torque. This invention aims to solve the technical problem of existing magnetorheological brakes having only one operating mode, resulting in relatively small output braking torque and a generally low torque-to-volume ratio.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: A multi-mode magnetorheological brake includes a first end cover, a second end cover, a cylinder, and a rotating shaft. The two ends of the cylinder are respectively connected to the first end cover and the second end cover. The rotating shaft passes through the first end cover and the second end cover. A ring-shaped magnetic mechanism is connected between the first end cover and the second end cover to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic mechanism, the first end cover, and the second end cover form a receiving cavity. A brake disc is sleeved on the rotating shaft and located within the receiving cavity. The brake disc includes a disc body and several transverse movers. Several mover slots are formed on the side wall of the disc body. The moving part groove extends through the disc body along the axial direction of the disc body. The transverse moving part is slidably connected in the moving part groove so that the transverse moving part can reciprocate along the axial direction of the disc body. A first annular groove is provided on the side of the first end cap facing the brake disc, and a second annular groove is provided on the side of the second end cap facing the brake disc. The two ends of the transverse moving part are respectively connected to a first rod and a second rod. The end of the first rod facing away from the transverse moving part is slidably connected to the bottom of the first annular groove, and the end of the second rod facing away from the transverse moving part is slidably connected to the bottom of the second annular groove. The receiving cavity is filled with magnetorheological fluid.

[0007] Furthermore, the magnetic mechanism also includes a first magnetic ring and a second magnetic ring. The first magnetic ring is connected to the first end cap. A first protrusion is provided on the side of the first magnetic ring facing away from the first end cap. The first protrusion is located at the end of the first magnetic ring facing the receiving cavity. The second magnetic ring is connected to the second end cap. A second protrusion is provided on the side of the second magnetic ring facing away from the second end cap. The second protrusion is located at the end of the second magnetic ring facing the receiving cavity.

[0008] Furthermore, the magnetic mechanism also includes a magnetic isolation ring, the two ends of which are respectively interference-fitted with the first boss and the second boss.

[0009] Furthermore, the first magnetic ring, the first boss, the magnetic shielding ring, the second boss, and the second magnetic ring together form an annular receiving groove, and an excitation coil is disposed within the receiving groove.

[0010] Furthermore, a first through hole is provided on the first end cap, and a second through hole is provided on the second end cap. Both the first through hole and the second through hole are used to allow the rotating shaft to pass through.

[0011] Furthermore, the disc body includes a fixed disc, a first circumferential rotor, and a second circumferential rotor. The fixed disc is sleeved on the rotating shaft. The end of the fixed disc facing the first end cover is connected to the first circumferential rotor, and the end of the fixed disc facing the second end cover is connected to the second circumferential rotor. The moving part slot passes through the first circumferential rotor and the second circumferential rotor.

[0012] Furthermore, the depths of both the first and second annular grooves vary periodically, while the distance between the bottom of the first and second annular grooves remains constant. When the first and second rods rotate with the brake disc, the first rod moves in and out of the first annular groove according to the depth of the first annular groove, and the second rod moves in and out of the second annular groove according to the depth of the second annular groove. This causes the transverse mover to reciprocate between the first and second end caps under the drive of the first and second rods. A circumferential shear damping gap is formed between the disc and the magnetic mechanism, and a transverse circumferential shear damping gap is formed between the transverse mover and the magnetic mechanism. Both the circumferential shear damping gap and the transverse circumferential shear damping gap are used to allow the magnetorheological fluid to pass through.

[0013] Furthermore, the rotating shaft, the first end cover, the magnetic shielding ring, the cylinder and the second end cover are all made of magnetic shielding material, and the first circumferential rotor, the first magnetic guide ring, the first boss, the second boss, the second magnetic guide ring, the transverse mover and the second circumferential rotor are all made of magnetic guide material.

[0014] Furthermore, the first end cap, the second end cap, the cylinder, the rotating shaft, the first magnetic ring, the second magnetic ring, the first circumferential rotor, the second circumferential rotor, and the fixed disk are all coaxial.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By setting the disc body, when current is applied to the magnetic mechanism, the magnetorheological fluid in the receiving cavity is subjected to a magnetic field and generates a magnetorheological effect. When the disc body rotates, the outer circumferential surface is subjected to circumferential shearing action. By setting the mover groove and the lateral mover, and setting the first annular groove and the second annular groove with periodically varying depths, when the brake disc rotates, the lateral mover rotates with the disc body. The lateral mover is subjected to circumferential shearing action. At the same time, when the lateral mover rotates, its position in the mover groove is limited by the first annular groove and the second annular groove, following the first annular groove. The depth of the groove and the second annular groove slides and changes position. The lateral mover reciprocates between the first end cover and the second end cover and is subjected to lateral shearing action. That is, the lateral mover generates circumferential and lateral shear damping during the braking process of the brake. The total volume of the receiving cavity remains unchanged. When the lateral mover moves from one side of the receiving cavity to the other side, the volume of the left and right halves of the receiving cavity changes, forming a shear valve working mode. Under the premise that the brake structure size remains unchanged, the multi-mode magnetorheological brake includes three working modes: circumferential shear, lateral shear, and shear valve. It can output higher braking torque and significantly improve the torque-to-volume ratio. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the multi-mode magnetorheological brake in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first magnetic ring, the second magnetic ring, the excitation coil, and the magnetic isolation ring in the multi-mode magnetorheological brake in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the multi-mode magnetorheological brake in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a partial side view of the multi-mode magnetorheological brake in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial disassembly diagram of the multi-mode magnetorheological brake in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the circumferential shear damping gap and the transverse circumferential shear damping gap in the multi-mode magnetorheological brake in an embodiment of the present invention. Explanation of key component symbols: 100, First end cap; 101, First through hole; 110, First annular groove; 200, Second end cap; 300, Cylinder; 310, Excitation coil; 320, First magnetic ring; 321, First boss; 330, Second magnetic ring; 331, Second boss; 340, Magnetic isolation ring; 410, First circumferential rotor; 420, Second circumferential rotor; 430, Transverse mover; 431, First rod; 432, Second rod; 441, Circumferential shear damping gap; 442, Transverse circumferential shear damping gap; 500, Rotating shaft; 510, Fixed disc.

[0017] The following detailed description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will further illustrate the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To facilitate understanding of the present invention, a more complete description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings. However, the invention can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.

[0019] It should be noted that when a component is said to be "fixed to" another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may be an intervening component. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may be an intervening component. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this document are for illustrative purposes only.

[0020] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terminology used herein in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. The term "and / or" as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0021] Please see Figures 1 to 6 The multi-mode magnetorheological brake in this embodiment of the invention includes a first end cap 100, a second end cap 200, a cylinder 300, and a rotating shaft 500. The two ends of the cylinder 300 are respectively connected to the first end cap 100 and the second end cap 200. The rotating shaft 500 passes through the first end cap 100 and the second end cap 200. A ring-shaped magnetic mechanism is connected between the first end cap 100 and the second end cap 200. The magnetic mechanism, the first end cap 100, and the second end cap 200 enclose a receiving cavity, in which magnetorheological fluid is disposed. The magnetic mechanism is used to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic mechanism includes a first magnetic ring 320, a second magnetic ring 330, and a magnetic isolation ring 340. The first magnetic ring 320 is connected to the first end cap 100. A first protrusion 321 is provided on the side of the magnetic ring 320 facing away from the first end cover 100. The first protrusion 321 is located at the end of the first magnetic ring 320 facing the receiving cavity. The second magnetic ring 330 is connected to the second end cover 200. A second protrusion 331 is provided on the side of the second magnetic ring 330 facing away from the second end cover 200. The second protrusion 331 is located at the end of the second magnetic ring 330 facing the receiving cavity. The two ends of the magnetic isolation ring 340 are respectively press-fitted with the first protrusion 321 and the second protrusion 331. The first magnetic ring 320, the first protrusion 321, the magnetic isolation ring 340, the second protrusion 331 and the second magnetic ring 330 form an annular receiving groove. An excitation coil 310 is provided in the receiving groove. Preferably, the receiving cavity is cylindrical, and the first end cap 100 and the second end cap 200 are both fixedly connected to the cylinder 300 by bolts. The first end cap 100 is connected to the first magnetic ring 320 by bolts, and the second end cap 200 is connected to the second magnetic ring 330 by bolts. The first boss 321 and the second boss 331 are both stepped. The cross-section of the magnetic isolation ring 340 is convex. The outer circumferential surfaces of the first magnetic ring 320 and the second magnetic ring 330 are connected to the cylinder 300. After current is passed through the excitation coil 310, a closed magnetic field circuit is generated, and the magnetorheological fluid generates a magnetorheological effect to form braking damping.

[0022] The first end cover 100 has a first through hole 101, and the second end cover 200 has a second through hole. Both the first through hole 101 and the second through hole are used to allow the rotating shaft 500 to pass through. A brake disc is sleeved on the rotating shaft 500. The brake disc is located in the receiving cavity. The brake disc includes a disc body and a plurality of transverse rotors 430. The disc body includes a fixed disc 510, a first circumferential rotor 410 and a second circumferential rotor 420. The fixed disc 510 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 500. The end of the fixed disc 510 facing the first end cover 100 is connected to the first circumferential rotor 410, and the end of the fixed disc 510 facing the second end cover 200 is connected to the second circumferential rotor 420. Preferably, the first circumferential rotor 410 has a first disc groove on the side facing the second circumferential rotor 420, and the second circumferential rotor 420 has a second disc groove on the side facing the first circumferential rotor 410. The fixing disk 510 is embedded in the first disc groove and the second disc groove. The first circumferential rotor 410 and the second circumferential rotor 420 are in close contact with each other. The first circumferential rotor 410, the second circumferential rotor 420 and the fixing disk 510 are fixed together by a number of bolts. The rotating shaft 500 is connected to the first through hole 101 and the second through hole by two bearings respectively, and is sealed by an oil seal. Several moving part slots are formed on the side wall of the disc body. These slots penetrate the disc body along its axial direction. Specifically, the moving part slots penetrate the first circumferential rotor 410 and the second circumferential rotor 420. A transverse moving part 430 is slidably connected within the moving part slot, allowing the transverse moving part 430 to reciprocate along the axial direction of the disc body. A first annular groove 110 is provided on the side of the first end cap 100 facing the brake disc, and a second annular groove is provided on the side of the second end cap 200 facing the brake disc. The two ends of the transverse moving part 430 are respectively connected to a first rod 431 and a second rod 432. The end of the first rod 431 facing away from the transverse moving part 430 is slidably connected to the bottom of the first annular groove 110, and the end of the second rod 432... One end of the transverse mover 430 is slidably connected to the bottom of the second annular groove. The depths of both the first annular groove 110 and the second annular groove change periodically, and the distance between the bottom of the first annular groove 110 and the bottom of the second annular groove remains constant. When the first rod 431 and the second rod 432 rotate with the brake disc, the first rod 431 moves up and down within the first annular groove 110 with the change in depth of the first annular groove 110, and the second rod 432 moves up and down within the second annular groove with the change in depth of the second annular groove, so that the transverse mover 430 reciprocates between the first end cap 100 and the second end cap 200 under the drive of the first rod 431 and the second rod 432.

[0023] Preferably, the ends of the first rod 431 and the second rod 432 are arc-shaped to allow sliding within the groove. Three transverse movers 430 are provided and evenly spaced. (See [link to relevant documentation]). Figure 1 The depth of the first annular groove 110 is shallower on one side and deeper on the other side. The depth of the first annular groove 110 changes continuously. The same applies to the second annular groove. The thickness of the transverse mover 430 is equal to the thickness of the disk body. The thickness of the first circumferential rotor 410 is equal to the thickness of the second circumferential rotor 420.

[0024] A circumferential shear damping gap 441 is formed between the disk body and the magnetic mechanism, and a transverse circumferential shear damping gap 442 is formed between the transverse rotor 430 and the magnetic mechanism. Both the circumferential shear damping gap 441 and the transverse circumferential shear damping gap 442 are used to allow the magnetorheological fluid to pass through. The rotating shaft 500, the first end cover 100, the magnetic shielding ring 340, the cylinder 300, and the second end cover 200 are all made of magnetic shielding material. The first circumferential rotor 410 The first magnetic ring 320, the first boss 321, the second boss 331, the second magnetic ring 330, the transverse rotor 430, and the second circumferential rotor 420 are all made of magnetic material. The first end cover 100, the second end cover 200, the cylinder 300, the rotating shaft 500, the first magnetic ring 320, the second magnetic ring 330, the first circumferential rotor 410, the second circumferential rotor 420, and the fixed disk 510 are all coaxial. Preferably, when the excitation coil 310 generates a closed magnetic field circuit, for the first circumferential rotor 410 and the second circumferential rotor 420, the circuit sequentially passes through the cylinder 300, the first magnetic ring 320 and the circumferential shear damping gap 441 to reach the first circumferential rotor 410, and then from the first circumferential rotor 410 to the second circumferential rotor 420, and sequentially passes through the circumferential shear damping gap 441, the second magnetic ring 330 and the cylinder 300 to complete the closure. For the lateral mover 430, the circuit sequentially passes through the cylinder 300, the first magnetic ring 320 and the lateral circumferential shear damping gap 442 to reach the lateral mover 430, and then from the lateral mover 430 sequentially passes through the lateral circumferential shear damping gap 442, the second magnetic ring 330 and the cylinder 300 to complete the closure. The magnetic field is perpendicular to the circumferential surface of the brake disc in the damping gap.

[0025] Understandably, when the first circumferential rotor 410 and the second circumferential rotor 420 rotate, their outer circumferential surfaces are subjected to circumferential shearing. When the brake disc rotates, the lateral mover 430 rotates with the disc body, and the lateral mover 430 is subjected to circumferential shearing. Simultaneously, when the lateral mover 430 rotates, its position in the mover slot is affected by the limiting influence of the first annular groove 110 and the second annular groove, and its position changes with the depth of the first annular groove 110 and the second annular groove. The lateral mover 430 is located at the first end cover 100 and the first... The two end caps 200 reciprocate between each other and are subjected to lateral shearing action. That is, the lateral mover 430 generates circumferential and lateral shear damping during the braking process of the brake. The total volume of the receiving cavity remains unchanged. When the lateral mover 430 moves from one side of the receiving cavity to the other side, the volume of the left and right halves of the receiving cavity changes, forming a shear valve working mode. Under the premise that the brake structure dimensions remain unchanged, the multi-mode magnetorheological brake includes three working modes: circumferential shear, lateral shear, and shear valve. It can output higher braking torque and significantly improve the torque-to-volume ratio.

[0026] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0027] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multi-mode magnetorheological brake, characterized in that, The system includes a first end cap, a second end cap, a cylinder, and a rotating shaft. The two ends of the cylinder are respectively connected to the first and second end caps. The rotating shaft passes through the first and second end caps. A ring-shaped magnetic mechanism is connected between the first and second end caps to generate a magnetic field. The magnetic mechanism, the first and second end caps together form a receiving cavity. A brake disc is fitted onto the rotating shaft and is located within the receiving cavity. The brake disc includes a disc body and several transverse moving parts. Several moving part slots are formed on the side wall of the disc body. The axial direction of the disc body extends through the disc body. The transverse mover is slidably connected in the mover groove so that the transverse mover can reciprocate along the axial direction of the disc body. A first annular groove is provided on the side of the first end cap facing the brake disc, and a second annular groove is provided on the side of the second end cap facing the brake disc. The two ends of the transverse mover are respectively connected to a first rod and a second rod. The end of the first rod facing away from the transverse mover is slidably connected to the bottom of the first annular groove, and the end of the second rod facing away from the transverse mover is slidably connected to the bottom of the second annular groove. The receiving cavity is filled with magnetorheological fluid.

2. The multi-mode magnetorheological brake according to claim 1, characterized in that, The magnetic mechanism further includes a first magnetic ring and a second magnetic ring. The first magnetic ring is connected to the first end cap. A first protrusion is provided on the side of the first magnetic ring facing away from the first end cap. The first protrusion is located at the end of the first magnetic ring facing the receiving cavity. The second magnetic ring is connected to the second end cap. A second protrusion is provided on the side of the second magnetic ring facing away from the second end cap. The second protrusion is located at the end of the second magnetic ring facing the receiving cavity.

3. The multi-mode magnetorheological brake according to claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic mechanism also includes a magnetic isolation ring, the two ends of which are respectively interference-fitted with the first boss and the second boss.

4. The multi-mode magnetorheological brake according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first magnetic ring, the first boss, the magnetic shielding ring, the second boss, and the second magnetic ring form an annular receiving groove, and an excitation coil is disposed in the receiving groove.

5. The multi-mode magnetorheological brake according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first end cap has a first through hole, and the second end cap has a second through hole. Both the first through hole and the second through hole are used to allow the rotating shaft to pass through.

6. The multi-mode magnetorheological brake according to claim 3, characterized in that, The disc body includes a fixed disc, a first circumferential rotor, and a second circumferential rotor. The fixed disc is sleeved on the rotating shaft. The end of the fixed disc facing the first end cover is connected to the first circumferential rotor, and the end of the fixed disc facing the second end cover is connected to the second circumferential rotor. The moving part slot passes through the first circumferential rotor and the second circumferential rotor.

7. The multi-mode magnetorheological brake according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depths of both the first and second annular grooves change periodically, while the distance between the bottom of the first and second annular grooves remains constant. When the first and second rods rotate with the brake disc, the first rod moves in and out of the first annular groove according to the depth of the first annular groove, and the second rod moves in and out of the second annular groove according to the depth of the second annular groove. This causes the transverse mover to reciprocate between the first and second end caps under the drive of the first and second rods. A circumferential shear damping gap is formed between the disc and the magnetic mechanism, and a transverse circumferential shear damping gap is formed between the transverse mover and the magnetic mechanism. Both the circumferential shear damping gap and the transverse circumferential shear damping gap are used to allow the magnetorheological fluid to pass through.

8. The multi-mode magnetorheological brake according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rotating shaft, the first end cover, the magnetic shielding ring, the cylinder and the second end cover are all made of magnetic shielding material, and the first circumferential rotor, the first magnetic guide ring, the first boss, the second boss, the second magnetic guide ring, the transverse mover and the second circumferential rotor are all made of magnetic guide material.

9. The multi-mode magnetorheological brake according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first end cap, the second end cap, the cylinder, the rotating shaft, the first magnetic ring, the second magnetic ring, the first circumferential rotor, the second circumferential rotor, and the fixed disk are all coaxial.

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